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Uimhir 55 de 1931.
ACHT UM THIARNAÍ TIGHE AGUS TIONÓNTAITHE, 1931.
CUID I.
Roimhraiteach agus Generalta.
Gearr-theideal.
1.—Féadfar an tAcht um Thiarnaí Tighe agus Tionóntaithe, 1931, do ghairm den Acht so.
Mínithe.
2.—San Acht so—
cialluíonn an focal “tionóntachán” talamh no áitreabh atá do réir na gcoinníoll uile seo leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) go bhfuil sé—
(i) suidhte i líomatáiste baile agus gur talamh é go bhfuil a iomlán no cuid de fé fhoirgintí no gur cuid áirithe é d'fhoirgint, no
(ii) suidhte in áit eile seachas i líomatáiste baile agus gur talamh é nách mó ná acra reachtúil in achar agus ar a bhfuil tigh, agus
(b) más talamh é ná fuil ach cuid de fé fhoirgintí, go bhfuil an chuid eile den talamh san ag dul leis na foirgintí sin, agus
(c) gur fé léas no fé chonnradh eile tionóntachta atá ráite no iontuigthe no atá ann de bhuadh reachta atá sé ag á shealbhaire, agus
(d) ná fuil an connradh tionóntachta san ina chur ar cíos do rinneadh agus é ráite sa chonnradh san go ndeintear é mar áis shealadach don léasóir no don léasaí agus (más tar éis an Achta so do rith do rinneadh é) é luaidhte ann cadé an saghas an áis shealadach san, agus
(e) ná fuil an connradh tionóntachta san ina chur ar cíos do rinneadh in aghaidh na tréimhse leanfadh an tionónta in aon oifig, fostaíocht no ceapachán, no atá ag braith ar é do leanúint amhlaidh;
cialluíonn an abairt “líomatáiste baile” líomatáiste is contaebhuirg no buirg eile, no bailecheanntar, baile, no sráidbhaile;
cialluíonn an focal “tionónta” an té atá de thurus na huaire i dteideal bheith i seilbh tionóntacháin agus, i ngach áit ina gceaduíonn an có-théacs é, foluíonn sé duine do scuir de bheith i dteideal bheith i seilbh amhlaidh toisc deireadh do bheith le n-a thionóntacht;
cialluíonn an abairt “tiarna tighe” an té atá i dteideal de thurus na huaire an cíos íocann tionónta tionóntacháin ar an tionóntachán san d'fháil (seachas mar ghníomhaire do dhuine eile) agus, i ngach áit ina gceaduíonn an có-théacs é, foluíonn sé duine do scuir de bheith i dteideal amhlaidh toisc deireadh do bheith le n-a thionóntacht;
cialluíonn an abairt “tiarna tighe uachtarach” duine i dteideal i seilbh chun tionóntacháin tré shealbhaíocht is aoirde ná sealbhaíocht tiarna tighe an tionóntacháin sin, pe'ca tá sealbhaíocht idirmheánach idir an dá shealbhaíocht san no ná fuil;
nuair a húsáidtear an abairt “roimh-shealbhadóirí teidil” maidir le tionónta cialluíonn agus foluíonn sí gach duine ba thionónta ar thionóntachán an tionónta san roimh an tionónta san fén tionóntacht chéanna fé n-a bhfuil an tionónta san no fé aon tionóntacht gur buanú no gur athnuachaint uirthi an tionóntacht san no go dtuigtear gurb eadh, agus nuair a húsáidtear an abairt sin maidir le tiarna tighe cialluíonn agus foluíonn sí gach duine ba thiarna tighe ar thionóntachán an tiarna tighe sin roimh an tiarna tighe sin;
cialluíonn an focal “léas” instruimid i scríbhinn, pe'ca tá sí fé shéala no ná fuil, ina bhfuil connradh tionóntachta i dtaobh tailimh ar bith i gcomaoine chíosa no chomhair agus folóidh an focal san deontas feirm-dhílse;
i ngach áit ina gceaduíonn an có-théacs é léireofar an focal “léasaí” mar fhocal fholuíonn seiceadúirí, riarthóirí, agus sannaithe an léasaí;
i ngach áit ina gceaduíonn an có-théacs é léireofar an focal “léasóir” mar fhocal fholuíonn oighrí, seiceadúirí, riarthóirí, agus sannaithe an léasóra;
nuair a húsáidtear an focal “feabhsú” maidir le tionóntachán cialluíonn sé aon bhreis do cuireadh leis na foirgintí atá sa tionóntachán san no aon atharú deineadh ortha agus foluíonn sé aon déanmhas do tógadh ar an tionóntachán san agus atá ag dul leis na foirgintí sin agus foluíonn fós gléasanna seolta uisce, geas no leictreachais do chur isteach sa tionóntachán ach ní fholuíonn sé obair ná fuil ann ach deisiú, dathadóireacht, agus maisiú no éinní acu san;
cialluíonn an focal “gnó” aon cheárd, gairm, no gnó cleachtar no deintear ar shochar no ar luach saothair;
léireofar an abairt “cúiteamh fén Acht so” mar abairt is ionann agus an abairt “cúiteamh i bhfeabhsú agus cúiteamh i gcuristeach no ceachtar acu”;
léireofar an abairt “faoiseamh fén Acht so” mar abairt is ionann agus an abairt “cúiteamh i bhfeabhsú no tionóntacht nua fé Chuid III den Acht so”;
cialluíonn an focal “orduithe” orduithe le rialacháin a dhéanfaidh an tAire Dlí agus Cirt fén Acht so;
cialluíonn an abairt “léas tógála,” ach amháin i gCuid V den Acht so, léas gur chuid den chomaoine ar a ndearnadh é gur thóg an léasaí buan-fhoirgintí, nua no breise, no gur aontuigh sé a leithéid do thógáil, san áitreabh aistrithe.
Ní bhainfidh an tAcht so le tailte ná le háitreabhacha áirithe ar seilbh ag údaráis áitiúla.
3.—Más údarás áitiúil a dhein no dhéanfaidh, fé sna Housing of the Working Classes (Ireland) Acts 1890 to 1921, no fé Achtanna na Sclábhaithe (Éirinn), 1883 go 1930, na foirgintí ar aon talamh no áitreabh do sholáthar, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) más i mbith-dhílse bheidh an talamh no an t-áitreabh san ag an údarás áitiúil sin, ní bhainfidh an tAcht so leis an talamh no leis an áitreabh san;
(b) más fé léas a bheidh an talamh no an t-áitreabh san ag an údarás áitiúil sin, tuigfear chun crícheanna an Achta so gurb é an t-údarás áitiúil sin is tionónta ar an talamh no ar an áitreabh san agus gurb é amháin atá ina sheilbh.
Tagairtí do fhrith-dhílse do léiriú.
4.—(1) Déanfar tagairtí san Acht so do fhrith-dhílse thiarna tighe mar thréimhse aimsire do léiriú mar thagairtí don fhaid aimsire bheidh ag téarma nea-chaithte seilbhe an tiarna tighe sin, ar an tionóntachán a bheidh i gceist, de bhreis ar théarma seilbhe an tionónta ar an tionóntachán san.
(2) Déanfar tagairtí san Acht so do fhrith-dhílse thiarna tighe uachtaraigh mar thréimhse aimsire do léiriú mar thagairtí don fhaid aimsire bheidh ag téarma nea-chaithte seilbhe an tiarna tighe uachtaraigh sin, ar an tionóntachán a bheidh i gceist, de bhreis ar théarma seilbhe a ghar-léasaí ar an tionóntachán san.
An Chúirt chun crícheanna an Achta so.
5.—(1) San Acht so cialluíonn an abairt “an Chúirt” an Chúirt Chuarda.
(2) Isé fheidhmeoidh an dlighinse bronntar leis an Acht so ar an gCúirt Chuarda ná an Breitheamh den Chúirt sin a bheidh ceaptha de thurus na huaire don Chuaird ina bhfuil suidhe ar an tionóntachán no ar an talamh eile gur ina thaobh a feidhmeofar an dlighinse sin.
(3) Féadfaidh an tAire, tar éis do dul i gcomhairle leis an gcoiste luaidhtear in alt 65 den Acht Cúirteanna Breithiúnais, 1924 (Uimh. 10 de 1924), rialacha cúirte do dhéanamh chun crícheanna an Achta so agus go sonnrách chun an chleachta agus an nós-imeachta fén Acht so do rialáil.
(4) Gach riail chúirte a déanfar fén alt so leagfar í fé bhráid gach Tighe den Oireachtas chó luath agus is féidir é tar éis a déanta agus má dheineann ceachtar Tigh acu san, laistigh den lá is fiche shuidhfidh an Tigh sin tar éis na rialach san do leagadh fé n-a bhráid, rún do rith ag cur na rialach san ar nea-mbrí, beidh an riail sin curtha ar nea-mbrí dá réir sin ach beidh san gan dochar do dhleathacht éinní do rinneadh roimhe sin fén riail sin.
(5) Mara bhforáltar agus go dtí go bhforálfar a mhalairt le rialacha cúirte, is tré fhógra iarratais, tionnscnamhach no eadarlabharthach (pe'ca aca is gá sa chás), a déanfar gach iarratas fén Acht so chun na Cúirte.
(6) Bainfidh alt 61 (alt i dtaobh athchomharc i gcoinnibh breitheanna na Cúirte Cuarda i gcásanna síbhialta) den Acht Cúirteanna Breithiúnais, 1924 (Uimh. 10 de 1924), le gach ordú dhéanfaidh an Chúirt fén Acht so, agus dá réir sin luighfidh athchomharc, fén alt san agus dá réir, i gcoinnibh gach orduithe den tsórt san agus beidh ag cúirt a bheidh ag éisteacht aon athchomhairc den tsórt san na comhachta uile bronntar leis an Acht so ar an gCúirt.
Tionóntachtaí fé sna hAchtanna um Méadú Cíosa agus Uis Mhorgáiste (Coscanna).
6.—Má bhíonn seilbh tionóntacháin á choinneáil ag duine de bhuadh na nAchtanna um Méadú Cíosa agus Uis Mhorgáiste (Coscanna), 1923 go 1930, tuigfear chun crícheanna an Achta so (pe'ca roimh an Acht so do rith do thosnuigh an choinneáil sin no dá éis sin) an tionóntacht a thagann de bhuadh na nAcht san as an gcoinneáil sin do bheith ina faidiú ar an tionóntacht gur ar bheith críochnuithe dhi do thosnuigh an choinneáil sin.
Rialacháin.
7.—Féadfaidh an tAire Dlí agus Cirt le hordú, tar éis do dul i gcomhairle le hUachtarán Dlí-Chumann Ionchorparuithe na hÉireann, rialacháin do dhéanamh ag ordú aon fhuirme, ní, no ruda dá dtagartar san Acht so mar fhuirm, mar ní, no mar rud atá orduithe no le hordú.
Costaisí.
8.—Sa mhéid go gceadóidh an tAire Airgid é is amach as airgead a sholáthróidh an tOireachtas a híocfar gach costas fé n-a raghaidh an tAire Airgid, an tAire Dlí agus Cirt, no an Coimisinéir Luachála agus Suirbhéir Teorann agus iad ag feidhmiú an Achta so.
Athghairm.
9.—Athghairmtear leis seo an Town Tenants (Ireland) Act, 1906.
CUID II.
Cuiteamh i bhFeabhsu.
Cúiteamh i bhfeabhsú.
10.—(1) Fé réir forálacha an Achta so, nuair a dhéanfaidh tionónta tionóntacháin an tionóntachán san d'fhágaint, ar a thionóntacht ann do dhul in éag (ar aon tslí seachas tré thabhairt suas no tré dhí-shealbhú mar gheall ar gan cíos d'íoc), beidh sé i dteideal go n-íocfadh tiarna tighe an tionóntacháin sin leis cúiteamh (dá ngairmtear san Acht so cúiteamh i bhfeabhsú) do réir an Achta so i ngach feabhsú do rinne an tionónta san no éinne dá roimh-shealbhadóirí teidil ar an tionóntachán san (pe'ca roimh an Acht so do rith no dá éis sin é) agus a chuirfidh le cíosluach an tionóntacháin sin agus a bheidh oiriúnach don tionóntachán san ar chríochnú na tionóntachta san.
(2) Fé réir forálacha an Achta so, nuair a dhéanfaidh tiarna tighe tionóntacháin, a bheidh i seilbh an tionóntacháin sin fé léas no fé chonnradh eile tionóntachta, seilbh an tionóntacháin sin do thabhairt suas ar a léas no ar a thionóntacht ann do dhul in éag, beidh sé i dteideal go n-íocfadh a ghar-thiarna tighe uachtarach leis cúiteamh (a foluítear san abairt cúiteamh i bhfeabhsú san Acht so) i ngach feabhsú do rinne duine de thionóntaithe an tionóntacháin sin ar an tionóntachán san (pe'ca roimh an Acht so do rith no dá éis sin é) agus go dtug an tiarna tighe sin no éinne dá roimh-shealbhadóirí teidil comaoine uaidh ina thaobh tríd an gcíos do laigheadú, no tré chúiteamh d'íoc fén Town Tenants (Ireland) Act, 1906, no tré chúiteamh i bhfeabhsú d'íoc fén Acht so, no ar aon tslí eile.
Méid an chúitimh i bhfeabhsú.
11.—(1) Isé méid a bheidh i gcúiteamh i bhfeabhsú in aon chás áirithe ná pé suim ar a gcó-aontófar idir an tiarna tighe agus an tionónta agus mara gcó-aontuítear amhlaidh isé méid a bheidh ann (fé réir forálacha an ailt seo) ná luach caipitaluithe pé breise bheidh curtha le cíos-luach an tionóntacháin ar chríochnú na tionóntachta agus a chinnfidh an Chúirt do bheith ionchurtha i leith an fheabhsuithe ina mbeidh an cúiteamh san á thabhairt.
(2) Má bhíonn an cúiteamh i bhfeabhsú áirithe iníoctha le tionónta ag a thiarna tighe agus go mbeidh an Chúirt sásta go bhfuair an tionónta san agus (i gcás le n-a mbaineann san) a roimh-shealbhadóirí teidil no éinne acu sochar ón tiarna tighe i bhfuirm laigheaduithe chíosa no ar shlí eile mar chomaoine, ráite no iontuigthe, sa bhfeabhsú san do dhéanamh no do bheith déanta, bainfidh an Chúirt as an gcúiteamh sa bhfeabhsú san, mar do rinneadh amach é fén bhfo-alt san roimhe seo den alt so, pé suim alos an tsochair sin is dóich leis an gCúirt is ceart.
(3) Má bhíonn an cúiteamh i bhfeabhsú áirithe iníoctha le tiarna tighe ag a thiarna tighe uachtarach, bainfidh an Chúirt as an gcúiteamh san, mar do rinneadh amach é fén gcéad fho-alt den alt so, pé méid (más aon mhéid é) is dóich leis an gCúirt is ceart, alos sochair do fuair an tiarna tighe sin agus (i gcás le n-a mbaineann san) a roimh-shealbhadóirí teidil no éinne aca i bhfuirm chíosa mhéaduithe no ar shlí eile de bharr an fheabhsuithe sin.
(4) Déanfidh an Chúirt an méid is luach caipitaluithe, chun crícheanna an ailt seo, do bhreis do cuireadh le cíos-luach tionóntacháin do shocrú ag féachaint don fhaid is dócha mhairfidh an bhreis sin agus don fhaid is dócha sheasóidh an feabhsú agus do gach ní eile bhaineann leis an scéal, ach ní raghaidh an méid sin in aon chás thar cúig oiread déag na suime bliantúla is fiú an bhreis sin.
Fógraí i dtaobh feabhsuithe do dhéanamh.
12.—(1) Má bhíonn tionónta tionóntacháin chun feabhsuithe do dhéanamh ar an tionóntachán san féadfaidh fógra (dá ngairmtear fógra feabhsúcháin san Acht so) sa bhfuirm orduithe do sheirbheáil ar a thiarna tighe, fógra gurb é bheidh ann ná na scríbhinní seo leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) ráiteas sa bhfuirm orduithe go bhfuil sé chun an fheabhsuithe sin do dhéanamh, agus
(b) pleananna agus áireamhacht i gcóir an fheabhsuithe sin, agus
(c) meastachán, agus é deimhnithe ag ailtire, ag suirbhéir, no ag connarthóir tógála, ar chostas an fheabhsuithe sin do dhéanamh.
(2) Má seirbheáltar fógra feabhsúcháin ar thiarna tighe tionóntacháin, féadfaidh an tiarna tighe sin, laistigh de dhá mhí tar éis na seirbheála san, aon cheann áirithe ach ní níos mó ná san de sna fógraí seo leanas do sheirbheáil ar thionónta an tionóntacháin sin, sé sin le rá:—
(a) fógra (dá ngairmtear san Acht so toiliú chun feabhsúcháin) sa bhfuirm orduithe ag toiliú chun an fheabhsuithe sin do dhéanamh; no
(b) fógra (dá ngairmtear san Acht so geallúint feabhsúcháin) sa bhfuirm orduithe á gheallúint an feabhsú san do dhéanamh i gcomaoine mhéadú áirithe cíosa no mhéadú cíosa shocróidh an Chúirt (pe'ca aca adéarfaidh an tiarna tighe sin sa bhfógra san); no
(c) fógra (dá ngairmtear san Acht so agóid i gcoinnibh feabhsúcháin) sa bhfuirm orduithe ag cur i gcoinnibh an fheabhsuithe sin ar forais a luadhfar sa bhfógra san.
(3) Más rud é, maidir le tiarna tighe ar a seirbheálfar fógra feabhsúcháin, gur fé léas ar feadh saoil no saolta bheidh ann (agus gan téarma blian no go dtéarma có-reathach gur lugha ná cúig bliana fichead de bheidh gan caitheamh) no fé léas gur lugha ná cúig bliana fichead de bheidh gan caitheamh ar dháta seirbheála an fhógra san, no fé thionóntacht o bhliain go bliain, no fé aon tionóntacht is lugha ná san, a bheidh sé i seilbh an tionóntacháin gur ina thaobh a seirbheáladh an fógra san, déanfaidh an tiarna tighe sin, laistigh de mhí tar éis an fhógra feabhsúcháin sin do sheirbheáil air, an fógra feabhsúcháin sin no cóip de do sheirbheáil ar a ghar-thiarna tighe uachtarach agus féadfaidh an gar-thiarna tighe uachtarach san toiliú chun feabhsúcháin no agóid i gcoinnibh feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil ar an tiarna tighe agus ar an tionónta laistigh de dhá mhí tar éis don tionónta an fógra feabhsúcháin sin do sheirbheáil ar an tiarna tighe.
(4) Gach tiarna tighe uachtarach ar a seirbheálfar fógra feabhsúcháin no cóip de fén alt so (agus an fo-alt so d'áireamh) agus gur fé léas gur lugha ná cúig bliana fichead de bheidh gan caitheamh ar dháta na seirbheála san no fé thionóntacht o bhliain go bliain no fé aon tionóntacht is lugha ná san a bheidh sé i seilbh an tionóntacháin le n-a mbaineann an fógra san, déanfa sé, laistigh de sheachtain tar éis na seirbheála san, an fógra feabhsúcháin sin (no an chóip sin de) no cóip de do sheirbheáil ar an tiarna tighe uachtarach díreach os a chionn agus beidh ceart ag an dara tiarna tighe uachtarach san chun toiliú chun feabhsúcháin no agóid i gcoinnibh feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil díreach mar atá, fén alt so (agus an fo-alt so d'áireamh), ag an gcead thiarna tighe uachtarach san a luaidhtear.
(5) Déarfar i gcúl-scríbhinn ar gach fógra feabhsúcháin no cóip d'fhógra feabhsúcháin a seirbheálfar fén alt so ar thiarna tighe uachtarach cadé an dáta ar ar seirbheáladh an fógra feabhsúcháin sin ar thiarna tighe an tionóntacháin le n-a mbaineann an fógra san.
Oibreacha theastóidh údarás sláintíochta.
13.—(1) Má dheineann údarás sláintíochta, fé sna hAchtanna Sláinte Puiblí, 1878 go 1931, no fé sna Housing of the Working Classes (Ireland) Acts, 1890 to 1921, fógra do sheirbheáil ar thionónta thionóntacháin á cheangal ar an tionónta san aon obair áirithe do dhéanamh is feabhsú do réir bhrí an Achta so, déanfaidh an tionónta san, laistigh de thrí lá tar éis an fhógra san do sheirbheáil air, fógra i scríbhinn (dá ngairmtear san Acht so fógra oibre sláintíochta) do sheirbheáil ar thiarna tighe an tionóntacháin sin á rá gur sheirbheáil an t-údarás sláintíochta san an fógra san agus ag luadh na gcodanna táchtacha den fhógra san.
(2) Má-seirbheáltar fógra oibre sláintíochta ar thiarna tighe tionóntacháin féadfaidh an tiarna tighe sin, laistigh de thrí lá tar éis na seirbheála san, fógra (dá ngairmtear san Acht so geallúint oibre sláintíochta) sa bhfuirm orduithe do sheirbheáil ar thionónta an tionóntacháin sin á thógaint air féin an obair sin do dhéanamh i gcomaoine mhéadú áirithe cíosa no mhéadú cíosa a shocróidh an Chúirt (pe'ca aca san a luadhfaidh an tiarna tighe sin sa bhfógra san).
(3) Pé uair a dhéanfaidh tiarna tighe tionóntacháin geallúint oibre sláintíochta do sheirbheáil, fén alt so agus dá réir, ar thionónta an tionóntacháin sin beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) isí an éifeacht chéanna bheidh ag seirbheáil na geallúna san agus a bheadh ag geallúint feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil ar an tionónta san, agus beidh feidhm dá réir sin ag na forálacha den Acht so bhaineann le geallúint feabhsúcháin; agus
(b) féadfaidh an tionónta san cóip den gheallúint oibre sláintíochta san do sheirbheáil ar an údarás sláintíochta agus leis sin déanfar an oblagáid i dtaobh an fhógra do sheirbheáil an t-údarás sláintíochta do chólíonadh agus an fhreagarthacht i dteip i gcólíonadh an fhógra san d'aistriú chun an tiarna tighe sin agus tiocfaid chun bheith agus beid ina bhfreagarthacht agus ina n-oblagáid ar an tiarna tighe sin agus saorfar an tionónta san uatha.
(4) Má dheineann tionónta fógra oibre sláintíochta do sheirbheáil ar a thiarna tighe agus ná déanfaidh an tiarna tighe sin, laistigh de thrí lá tar éis na seirbheála san, geallúint oibre sláintíochta i dtaobh an fhógra oibre sláintíochta san do sheirbheáil ar an tionónta san, beidh an tionónta san i dteideal an obair a bheidh luaidhte sa bhfógra gurb é a sheirbheáil ag an údarás sláintíochta fé ndeár an fhógra oibre sláintíochta san do sheirbheáil do dhéanamh mar fheabhsú.
Feabhsú do dhéanamh mara gcuirtear agóid ina choinnibh.
14.—(1) Má dheineann tionónta fógra feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil ar a thiarna tighe agus ná déanfaidh an tiarna tighe sin geallúint feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil ar an tionónta san alos an fhógra feabhsúcháin sin laistigh de dhá mhí tar éis na seirbheála san agus ná déanfaidh an tiarna tighe sin ná aon tiarna tighe uachtarach agóid i gcoinnibh feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil ar an tionónta san alos an fhógra feabhsúcháin sin laistigh den dá mhí sin, beidh an tionónta i dteideal an feabhsú luaidhtear sa bhfógra feabhsúcháin sin do dhéanamh díreach do réir an fhógra san ar gach slí aon uair laistigh de bhliain tar éis na seirbheála san (pe'ca rinne an tiarna tighe no an tiarna tighe uachtarach san toiliú chun feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil no ná dearna).
(2) Déanfar tagairtí san Acht so, do thionónta do bheith i dteideal feabhsú do dhéanamh tar éis toilithe, do léiriú mar thagairtí don tionónta san do bheith i dteideal fén alt so an feabhsú san do dhéanamh.
Cirt na bpáirtithe ar gheallúint feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil.
15.—Má dheineann tionónta fógra feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil ar a thiarna tighe agus go ndéanfaidh an tiarna tighe sin geallúint feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil ar an tionónta san alos an fhógra feabhsúcháin sin laistigh de dhá mhí tar éis na seirbheála san agus ná déanfaidh aon tiarna tighe uachtarach agóid i gcoinnibh feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil ar an tionónta san alos an fhógra feabhsúcháin sin laistigh den dá mhí sin, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) féadfaidh an tionónta san, tré fhógra i scríbhinn do sheirbheáil ar an tiarna tighe sin laistigh de cheithre lá déag tar éis na geallúna feabhsúcháin sin do sheirbheáil glacadh leis an ngeallúint feabhsúcháin sin no an fógra feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil sé do tharrac siar no, má luaidhtear méadú cíosa sa gheallúint feabhsúcháin sin agóid do dhéanamh i gcoinnibh méid an mhéaduithe sin;
(b) mara ndeinidh an tionónta san laistigh den cheithre lá déag san fógra ar bith do sheirbheáil fén mír sin roimhe seo no má ghlacann an tionónta san go cuibhe leis an ngeallúint feabhsúcháin sin, déanfaidh agus críochnóidh an tiarna tighe sin an feabhsú luaidhtear sa gheallúint feabhsúcháin sin chó luath agus is féidir é, agus in aon chás ar dháta nách déanaí ná sé mhí tar éis an cheithre lá déag san, ar a chostas féin agus do réir na geallúna feabhsúcháin sin, agus féadfaidh chuige sin dul isteach sa tionóntachán gach tráth réasúnta agus gach ní do dhéanamh ann is gá chun an fheabhsuithe sin do dhéanamh no bhaineann leis sin;
(c) má dheineann an tionónta san an fógra feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil sé do tharrac siar go cuibhe do réir an ailt seo, tuigfear chun gach críche nár seirbheáladh an fógra san riamh;
(d) má dheineann an tionónta san go cuibhe do réir an ailt seo agóid do chur i gcoinnibh méid an mhéaduithe chíosa luadhfar sa gheallúint feabhsúcháin sin, ansan—
(i) féadfaidh an tiarna tighe sin agus an tionónta san méid an mhéaduithe chíosa san do shocrú le có-aontú no a chó-aontú gurb í an Chúirt a shocróidh méid an mhéaduithe chíosa san, agus leis sin beidh éifeacht ag an ngeallúint feabhsúcháin sin do réir an chó-aontuithe sin agus tuigfear gur ghlac an tionónta san léi go cuibhe do réir an ailt seo, no
(ii) féadfaidh an tiarna tighe sin no an tionónta san iarratas do chur fé bhráid na Cúirte agus ar éisteacht an iarratais sin di féadfaidh an Chúirt pé ní acu so is dóich léi is ceart do dhéanamh, eadhon, méid an mhéaduithe chíosa san do shocrú no an gheallúint feabhsúcháin sin d'áireamh mar agóid i gcoinnibh feabhsúcháin agus deighleáil léi dá réir sin no pé ordú eile do dhéanamh is gá do réir chirt;
(e) má bhíonn an gheallúint feabhsúcháin sin, do réir a téarmaí no do réir chó-aontuithe ina dhiaidh sin, fé réir mhéadú cíosa de mhéid a bheidh le socrú ag an gCúirt, féadfaidh an tiarna tighe sin no an tionónta san, nuair a bheidh an feabhsú déanta go cuibhe ag an tiarna tighe sin, a iarraidh ar an gCúirt méid an mhéaduithe chíosa san do shocrú agus leis sin socróidh an Chúirt an méid sin dá réir sin;
(f) ar chríochnú an fheabhsuithe sin don tiarna tighe sin do réir na geallúna feabhsúcháin sin agus do réir an ailt seo, déanfar an cíos is iníoctha ag an tionónta san leis an tiarna tighe sin do mhéadú o dháta an chríochnuithe sin do réir na geallúna san no do réir ordú na Cúirte (pe'ca aca é), agus isí an Chúirt a shocróidh, ar iarratas an tiarna tighe sin no an tionónta san, aon aighneas i dtaobh méid no tosach feidhme an mhéaduithe sin no i dtaobh éinní eile bhaineann leis;
(g) má bhíonn sé ceangailte ar an tiarna tighe sin fén alt so an feabhsú do dhéanamh do réir na geallúna feabhsúcháin sin ach go dteipfidh air no go leigfidh i bhfaillí an feabhsú san do dhéanamh agus do chríochnú laistigh den aimsir a ceaptar chuige sin leis an alt so, féadfaidh an tionónta san iarratas do chur fé bhráid na Cúirte agus féadfaidh an Chúirt pé ordú do dhéanamh sa scéal is gá do réir chirt.
Cirt na bpáirtithe ar agóid i gcoinnibh feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil.
16.—(1) Má dheineann tionónta fógra feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil ar a thiarna tighe agus go ndéanfaidh an tiarna tighe sin no tiarna tighe uachtarach laistigh de dhá mhí tar éis na seirbheála san agóid i gcoinnibh feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil ar an tionónta san alos an fhógra feabhsúcháin sin, ansan, lasmuich de chás dá bhforáltar a mhalairt san alt so, féadfaidh an tionónta san laistigh de mhí tar éis na hagóide sin i gcoinnibh an fheabhsúcháin sin do sheirbheáil—
(a) an fógra feabhsúcháin sin do tharrac siar tré fhógra i scríbhinn do sheirbheáil ar an tiarna tighe sin no ar an tiarna tighe sin agus ar an tiarna tighe uachtarach san (fé mar is gá sa chás), no
(b) iarratas do chur fé bhráid na Cúirte fén alt so.
(2) Má dheineann tionónta fógra feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil ar a thiarna tighe agus go ndéanfaidh an tiarna tighe sin no tiarna tighe uachtarach, laistigh de dhá mhí tar éis na seirbheála san, agóid i gcoinnibh feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil ar an tionónta san alos an fhógra feabhsúcháin sin, ansan, maran fé léas no fé chonnradh eile tionóntachta, do deonadh ar feadh téarma is sia ná cúig bliana no ar feadh saoil no saolta, a bheidh an tionónta san i seilbh an tionóntacháin le n-a mbaineann an fógra san no mara mbeidh an tionónta san agus a roimh-shealbhadóirí teidil i seilbh an tionóntacháin sin le breis agus cúig bliana, ní bheidh dul thar an agóid sin agus ní bheidh sé dleathach don tionónta san an feabhsú le n-a mbaineann an agóid sin do dhéanamh.
(3) Má dheineann tionónta fógra feabhsúcháin do tharrac siar go cuibhe do réir an ailt seo, tuigfear chun gach críche nár seirbheáladh an fógra san riamh.
(4) Má dheineann tionónta iarratas do chur fé bhráid na Cúirte fén alt so agus go mbeidh an Chúirt sásta—
(a) go bhfuil an feabhsú le n-a mbaineann an t-iarratas san de shaghas a meastar a chuirfeadh le cíos-luach an tionóntacháin, agus
(b) go bhfuil sé oiriúnach don tionóntachán san, agus
(c) ná meastar go ndéanfadh sé díobháil do thaithneamhacht ná do chaothúlacht na comhursanachta,
féadfaidh an Chúirt ordú (dá ngairmtear ordú feabhsúcháin san Acht so) do dhéanamh, á údarú don tionónta san an feabhsú san do dhéanamh do réir an fhógra feabhsúcháin sin gan atharú air no tar éis pé atharú do dhéanamh air is dóich leis an gCúirt is ceart do luadh san ordú san agus, más oiriúnach leis an gCúirt é, ag luadh aimsire gur laistigh di críochnófar an feabhsú san.
(5) Más rud é, ar iarratas do chur fé bhráid na Cúirte fén alt so, gur léir gur tiarna tighe uachtarach do sheirbheáil an agóid i gcoinnibh feabhsúcháin le n-a mbaineann an t-iarratas agus go ndearna an tiarna tighe geallúint feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil go cuibhe, agus go mbeidh an Chúirt sásta gur cheart, mara mbeadh an fo-alt so, ordú feabhsúcháin do dhéanamh, féadfaidh an Chúirt, in ionad ordú feabhsúcháin do dhéanamh, a údarú don tiarna tighe sin an feabhsú do dhéanamh do réir na geallúna feabhsúcháin sin fé réir pé atharú (más aon cheann é) is dóich leis an gCúirt is ceart do dhéanamh ar an ngeallúint sin.
(6) Ní dhéanfaidh an chúirt ordú feabhsúcháin go dtí go mbeidh sí sásta fógra i dtaobh na n-imeacht do bheith faighte ag gach páirtí le n-a mbaineann.
(7) Má deintear ordú feabhsúcháin agus go dteipfidh ar an tionónta no go leigfidh i bhfaillí an feabhsú a húdaruítear leis an ordú san do dhéanamh agus do chríochnú do réir an orduithe sin laistigh den aimsir a bheidh ceaptha chuige sin leis an ordú san no, mara mbeidh aon aimsir den tsórt san ceaptha amhlaidh, laistigh d'aimsir réasúnta, féadfaidh an tiarna tighe no aon tiarna tighe uachtarach iarratas do chur fé bhráid na Cúirte agus ar éisteacht an iarratais sin féadfaidh an Chúirt pé ordú do dhéanamh is gá do réir chirt.
Srian le ceart chun cúitimh i bhfeabhsú.
17.—(1) Ní bheidh tionónta tionóntacháin, le n-ar bhain an Town Tenants (Ireland) Act, 1906, díreach roimh an Acht so do rith, i dteideal cúitimh i bhfeabhsú mar gheall ar fheabhsú do rinneadh ar an tionóntachán san ar an 1adh lá d'Eanar, 1907, no dá éis sin agus roimh an Acht so do rith, feabhsú go bhféadfaí cúiteamh do dheonadh mar gheall air fén Town Tenants (Ireland) Act, 1906, agus go gcoiscthear an tionónta san le fo-alt (3) d'alt 3 ar chúiteamh d'éileamh fén Acht san mar gheall air.
(2) Ní bheidh tionónta i dteideal cúitimh i bhfeabhsú mar gheall ar fheabhsú do rinneadh, roimh an Acht so do rith, ar thionóntachán contrárdha don léas no don chonnradh eile tionóntachta gur fé a bhí an tionóntachán san ar seilbh.
(3) Ní bheidh tionónta i dteideal cúitimh i bhfeabhsú mar gheall ar fheabhsú do rinneadh tar éis an Achta so do rith maran rud é—
(a) gur seirbheáladh fógra feabhsúcháin go cuibhe do réir an Achta so i dtaobh an fheabhsuithe sin, agus
(b) gur tháinig an tionónta do sheirbheáil an fógra san amhlaidh chun bheith i dteideal fén Acht so an feabhsú san do dhéanamh tar éis toilithe no de bhuadh orduithe feabhsúcháin, agus
(c) go ndearnadh an feabhsú san go cuibhe do réir an fhógra feabhsúcháin sin agus an Achta so no do réir an orduithe feabhsúcháin sin (pe'ca aca é).
(4) Ní bheidh tiarna tighe i dteideal cúitimh i bhfeabhsú mar gheall ar fheabhsú do rinneadh tar éis an Achta so do rith agus ná dearnadh ina thaobh an fógra feabhsúcháin (no cóip de) do sheirbheáil an tionónta i dtaobh an fheabhsuithe sin do sheirbheáil go cuibhe do réir an Achta so ar an tiarna tighe uachtarach.
(5) Ní bheidh feidhm ag ceachtar den dá fho-alt san díreach roimhe seo den alt so maidir le feabhsú is obair do rinneadh do réir orduithe údaráis shláintíochta fé sna hAchtanna Sláinte Puiblí, 1878 go 1931, no fé sna Housing of the Working Classes (Ireland) Acts, 1890 to 1921, ach ní bheidh tionónta i dteideal cúitimh mar gheall ar an obair sin marar sheirbheáil an tionónta san fógra oibre sláintíochta ar a thiarna tighe i dtaobh na hoibre sin agus mara dtáinig sé i dteideal fén Acht so an obair sin do dhéanamh mar fheabhsú: ach má theipeann ar thionónta an fógra san do sheirbheáil ní bhainfidh san de an ceart (más ann do) bheidh aige chun cúitimh d'fháil mar gheall ar an obair sin má chuireann an tionónta san ina luighe ar an gCúirt nár thárla aon chailliúint ná damáiste dá thiarna tighe de dheascaibh na teipthe sin.
(6) Ní bheidh tiarna tighe tionóntacháin, le n-ar bhain an Town Tenants (Ireland) Act, 1906, díreach roimh an Acht so do rith, i dteideal cúitimh i bhfeabhsú mar gheall ar fheabhsú do rinneadh ar an tionóntachán san ar an 1adh lá d'Eanar, 1907, no dá éis sin agus roimh an Acht so do rith, feabhsú go gcoiscfí é le halt 4 den Town Tenants (Ireland) Act, 1906, ar chúiteamh d'éileamh fén Acht san mar gheall air.
Deimhnithe feabhsúcháin.
18.—(1) Más rud é—
(a) go ndéanfaidh tionónta fógra feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil go cuibhe agus ná déanfar aon gheallúint feabhsúcháin ná agóid i gcoinnibh feabhsúcháin do sheirbheáil go cuibhe alos an fhógra san agus go ndéanfaidh agus go gcríochnóidh an tionónta san do réir an fhógra san an feabhsú bheidh luaidhte ann laistigh de bhliain ón bhfógra san do sheirbheáil, no
(b) go ndéanfaidh tionóta feabhsú go cuibhe do réir orduithe feabhsúcháin agus go gcríochnóidh an feabhsú san laistigh den aimsir a bheidh ceaptha chuige sin leis an ordú san no, mara mbeidh aon aimsir den tsórt san ceaptha amhlaidh, laistigh d'aimsir réasúnta,
bhéarfaidh tiarna tighe an tionónta san don tionónta san, ar a iarraidh sin don tionónta san laistigh de shé mhí tar éis an fheabhsuithe sin do chríochnú, deimhniú (dá ngairmtear deimhniú feabhsúcháin san Acht so) i scríbhinn sa bhfuirm orduithe, á dheimhniú gur críochnuíodh an feabhsú san go cuibhe do réir an fhógra feabhsúcháin no an orduithe feabhsúcháin sin, pe'ca aca é.
(2) Má dheineann tionónta go cuibhe fén alt so deimhniú feabhsúcháin d'iarraidh ar a thiarna tighe agus ná tabharfaidh an tiarna tighe sin an deimhniú san don tionónta san laistigh de mhí tar éis an iarratais sin, féadfaidh an tionónta san iarratas do chur fé bhráid na Cúirte agus ar éisteacht an iarratais sin féadfaidh an Chúirt pé ordú do dhéanamh is gá do réir chirt agus áirmhítear mar ordú den tsórt san ordú á dhearbhú go ndearnadh an feabhsú san go cuibhe do réir an fhógra feabhsúcháin no an orduithe feabhsúcháin, pe'ca aca é.
(3) Beidh deimhniú feabhsúcháin ina fhianaise dho-chlaoidhte, in aghaidh an tiarna tighe do thug uaidh é agus in aghaidh gach éinne dá chomharbaí teidil, go ndearna agus gur chríochnuigh an tionónta go cuibhe dar tugadh an deimhniú san an feabhsú luaidhtear sa deimhniú san agus gur chólíon an tionónta san go cuibhe maidir leis an bhfeabhsú san gach foráil oiriúnach den Acht so no d'aon ordú no fógra do rinneadh fé.
(4) Má dheineann tionónta tionóntacháin obair ar an tionóntachán san do réir orduithe údaráis sláintíochta fé sna hAchtanna Sláinte Puiblí, 1878 go 1931, no fé sna Housing of the Working Classes (Ireland) Acts, 1890 to 1921, agus más feabhsú do réir bhrí an Achta so an obair sin ní bheidh an tionónta san i dteideal deimhnithe fheabhsúcháin maidir leis an bhfeabhsú san d'fháil fé sna forálacha san roimhe seo den alt so ach beidh sé i dteideal deimhnithe (dá ngairmtear deimhniú feabhsúcháin sláintíochta san Acht so) i scríbhinn sa bhfuirm orduithe d'fháil ón údarás sláintíochta san, laistigh de shé mhí tar éis na hoibre sin do chríochnú go cuibhe do réir an orduithe sin, á dheimhniú gur do réir orduithe ón údarás sláintíochta san a rinneadh an obair sin agus gur críochnuíodh í do réir an orduithe sin.
(5) Beidh deimhniú feabhsúcháin sláintíochta in a fhianaisc prima facie, in aghaidh tiarna tighe an tionóntacháin le n-a mbaineann, ar na nithe thugann an deimhniú san le tuiscint a dheimhníonn sé.
(6) Féadfaidh tiarna tighe no údarás sláintíochta ar a n-iarrfar deimhniú feabhsúcháin no deimhniú feabhsúcháin sláintíochta (pe'ca aca é) fén alt so a éileamh, mar choinníoll ar a dtabharfar an deimhniú san, go ndéanfaidh an tionónta d'iarr é na costaisí fé n-a raghaidh an tiarna tighe no an t-údarás san i dtaobh an deimhnithe sin do thabhairt, agus iad áirmhithe do réir an scála orduithe, d'íoc leis no leo.
CUID III.
Ceart chun Tionontachta Nua.
Baint na Coda so den Acht so.
19.—(1) Ar chríochnú tionóntachta tionóntacháin do réir bhrí an ailt seo, bainfidh an Chuid seo den Acht so leis an tionóntachán san má bhíonn an tionóntachán san do réir aon choinníll áirithe acu so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) go raibh an tionóntachán san á úsáid go bona fide agus i bpáirt no go hiomlán, ar feadh iomlán na dtrí mblian díreach roimh chríochnú na tionóntachta san, ag an té ba thionónta de thurus na huaire air chun gnótha do dhéanamh ann agus, díreach roimh an gcríochnú san go raibh sé ar seilbh ag á thionónta fé thionóntacht o bhliain go bliain no fé léas no fé chonnradh eile tionóntachta ar feadh téarma nár ghiorra ná bliain no fé léas ar feadh saoil no saolta no go raibh sé tar éis bheith ar feadh seacht mblian ar a laighead go leanúnach i seilbh an té ba thionónta air díreach roimh an gcríochnú san no i seilbh a roimh-shealbhadóirí teidil, no
(b) go raibh an tionóntachán san go leanúnach, ar feadh iomlán na tréimhse de thriochad bliain díreach roimh chríochnú na tionóntachta san, i seilbh an té ba thionónta air díreach roimh an gcríochnú san no i seilbh a roimh-shealbhadóirí teidil, agus nách tré n-a cheannach ar chomaoine luachmhair laistigh den tréimhse sin de thriochad bliain a fuair an tionónta san ná éinne dá roimh-shealbhadóirí teidil an tionóntachán san, no
(c) nách sia ná trí bliana frith-dhílse an tiarna tighe sa tionóntachán le linn na tionóntachta san do chríochnú agus, go raibh an tionóntachán san go leanúnach, ar feadh iomlán na tréimhse de chúig bliana déag díreach roimh an gcríochnú san, i seilbh an té ba thionónta air díreach roimh an gcríochnú san no i seilbh a roimhshealbhadóirí teidil, no
(d) go ndearnadh feabhsú ar an tionóntachán san agus, mara mbaineadh an Chuid seo den Acht so leis an tionóntachán san, go mbeadh an tionónta i dteideal cúitimh i bhfeabhsú mar gheall ar an bhfeabhsú san agus go bhfuil leath ar a laighead den mhéid is cíos-luach don tionóntachán san le linn an chríochnuithe sin ionchurtha i leith an fheabhsuithe sin.
(2) Déanfar tagairtí san alt so do chríochnú tionóntachta mar phuínte aimsire do léiriú—
(a) i gcás tionóntachta críochnófar tré fhógra chun imeacht, mar thagairtí do dháta seirbheála an fhógra san chun imeacht; agus
(b) i gcás tionóntachta do chríochnú tré théarma blian no tréimhse chinnte eile do chaitheamh no tré aon teagmhas cinnte eile, mar thagairtí don lá bheidh ann ráithe roimh an téarma no an tréimhse sin do bheith caithte no roimh an teagmhas san do thárlachtaint; agus
(c) i gcás tionóntachta críochnófar tré shaol do thuitim no tré aon teagmhas nea-chinnte eile, mar thagairtí don dáta ar a dtárlóidh an teagmhas san.
Ceart ag tionónta chun tionóntachta nua.
20.—Ar chríochnú a thionóntachta i dtionóntachán le n-a mbaineann an Chuid seo den Acht so do thionónta an tionóntacháin sin beidh teideal aige, fé réir forálacha an Achta so, chun tionóntachta nua sa tionóntachán san ar pé téarmaí ar a gcó-aontófar idir an tionónta san agus a thiarna tighe no, mara gcó-aontuítear amhlaidh, ar pé téarmaí shocróidh an Chúirt.
Srian leis an gceart chun tionóntachta nua.
21.—(1) Ní bheidh teideal ag tionónta chun tionóntachta nua fén gCuid seo den Acht so—
(a) má críochnuítear a thionóntacht tré dhí-shealbhú mar gheall ar gan cíos d'íoc; no
(b) má críochnuítear a thionóntacht tré dhí-shealbhú, tré fhógra chun imeacht, no ar shlí eile mar gheall ar gur bhris an tionónta san ceann de choinníollacha na tionóntachta san; no
(c) má chríochnuíonn sé a thionóntacht tré fhógra go bhfuil sé á tabhairt suas no ar shlí eile; no
(d) má críochnuítear a thionóntacht tré fhógra chun imeacht do bhéarfaidh a thiarna tighe dho ar chúis mhaith dhóthanach; no
(e) más rud é gur ar shlí seachas tré fhógra chun imeacht do chríochnuigh a thionóntacht agus gur dhiúltuigh a thiarna tighe, ar chúis mhaith dhóthanach, dá thionóntacht d'athnuachaint no go mbeadh cúis mhaith dhóthanach aige chun diúltú don tionóntacht san d'athnuachaint dá n-iarrtaí air í d'athnuachaint.
(2) San alt so cialluíonn an abairt “cúis mhaith dhóthanach” cúis eiríonn as gníomh no as iompar éigin ar thaobh an tionónta no thagann dá dhruim sin no is féidir do lorg siar go dtí é agus gur dóich leis an gCúirt, ag féachaint do gach taobh den scéal, gur cúis mhaith dhóthanach í chun na tionóntachta do chríochnú no chun diúltú don tionóntacht d'athnuachaint (pe'ca aca é).
Cúiteamh i gcur isteach i gcásanna áirithe.
22.—(1) Más léir don Chúirt—
(a) go bhfuil tiarna tighe tionóntacháin le n-a mbaineann an Chuid seo den Acht so ar aigne bona-fide no gur chó-aontuigh sé bona-fide na foirgintí no aon chuid de sna foirgintí atá sa tionóntachán san do leagadh agus d'ath-thógáil no d'ath-dhéanamh, no
(b) gur gá don tiarna tighe sin seilbh an tionóntacháin sin agus é folamh do bheith aige chun scéime feabhsuithe maoine, gur cuid di an tionóntachán san, do chur i bhfeidhm, no
(c) go mbeadh sé, ar chúis ar bith, bun os cionn le dea-bhainistí estáit tionóntacht nua sa tionóntachán san do chruthnú,
ní bheidh teideal ag tionónta an tionóntacháin sin fén gCuid seo den Acht so chun tionóntachta nua sa tionóntachán san.
(2) Más rud é go ndiúltófar, ar fhoras dá luaidhtear i mír (a) no i mír (b) d'fho-alt (1) den alt so, do ghéilleadh d'iarratas ar thionóntacht nua fén gCuid seo den Acht so agus ná déanfaidh tiarna tighe an tionóntacháin le n-a mbaineann an t-iarratas san, laistigh d'aimsir réasúnta, an aigne, an có-aontú, no an rún (pe'ca aca é) do chur i bhfeidhm gur mar gheall air do diúltadh do ghéilleadh don iarratas san, beidh an tiarna tighe sin ciontach i ndísbeagadh Cúirte agus beidh sé inphionósuithe dá réir sin.
(3) Má bhíonn an Chúirt sásta—
(a) go mbeadh tionónta tionóntacháin le n-a mbaineann an Chuid seo den Acht so i dteideal fén gCuid seo den Acht so chun tionóntachta nua sa tionóntachán san mara mbeadh an t-alt so, agus
(b) go raibh an té ba thionónta de thurus na huaire ar an tionóntachán san ag úsáid an tionóntacháin sin, i bpáirt no go hiomlán, chun gnótha do dhéanamh ann ar feadh iomlán tréimhse de thrí bliana do chríochnuigh le linn críochnú a thionóntachta sa tionóntachán san no laistigh de ráithe roimhe sin,
ansan, in ionad teideal do bheith ag an tionónta san chun tionóntachta nua fén gCuid seo den Acht so, ar imeacht as an tionóntachán san do nuair a bheidh an tionóntacht san caithte, beidh teideal aige chun cúitimh (dá ngairmtear san Acht so cúiteamh i gcur isteach) do réir an Achta so d'fháil o thiarna tighe an tionóntacháin sin.
(4) Má deintear cúiteamh i gcur isteach do dheonadh fén alt so do thionónta tionóntacháin agus ná híocfar an cúiteamh san laistigh den aimsir a ceaptar chuige sin leis an Acht so beidh an tionónta san i dteideal tionóntacht nua fén gCuid seo den Acht so sa tionóntachán san d'iarraidh arís tar éis na haimsire sin a ceaptar amhlaidh agus roimh íoc an chúitimh sin, agus ní bhainfidh na fo-ailt sin roimhe seo den alt so leis an iarratas san agus má géilltear don iarratas san cuirfidh san deonadh san an chúitimh i gcur isteach ar ceal.
(5) Má bhíonn an Chúirt sásta—
(a) go mbeadh tionónta tionóntacháin le n-a mbaineann an Chuid seo den Acht so i dteideal fén gCuid seo den Acht so chun tionóntachta nua sa tionóntachán san mara mbeadh mír (a) no mír (b) d'fho-alt (1) den alt so, agus
(b) nách gá don tiarna tighe seilbh an tionóntacháin sin do bheith aige chun na gcrícheanna luaidhtear sa mhír sin (a) no sa mhír sin (b) (pe'ca aca é) go ceann tréimhse de shé mhí ar a laighead,
déanfaidh an Chúirt, má iarrann an tionónta san é, an tionóntacht a bheidh ag an tionónta sa tionóntachán san do bhuanú go dtí go gcríochnóidh an tiarna tighe sin an tionóntacht san chun na gcrícheanna roimhráite tré fhógra i scríbhinn do sheirbheáil sé mhí roimh ré, ach beidh san ar an gcoinníoll go mbeidh buanú san na tionóntachta san gan dochar do cheart an tionónta san chun faoisimh d'fháil fén Acht so ar chríochnú na tionóntachta buanuithe sin amhlaidh.
Tomhas an chúitimh i gcur isteach.
23.—Má dheineann an Chúirt cúiteamh i gcur isteach do dheonadh do thionónta isé tomhas an chúitimh sin ná an chailliúint airgid, an damáiste, no an costas, do bhain don tionónta san no fé n-a ndeaghaidh sé no bhainfidh do no fé n-a raghaidh sé de dheascaibh é d'imeacht as an tionóntachán gur ina thaobh a deonfar an cúiteamh san, agus a thiocfaidh díreach as é d'imeacht as an tionóntachán san.
CUID IV.
Foralacha Generalta i dTaobh Faoisimh fe sna Coda san Roimhe seo den Acht so.
Fógra go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh.
24.—(1) Ní seasófar le haon éileamh ar fhaoiseamh fén Acht so mara seirbheálaidh an t-éilitheoir, laistigh den aimsir a luaidhtear anso ina dhiaidh seo, ar an té go mbeidh sé chun an éilimh sin do dhéanamh ina choinnibh, fógra (dá ngairmtear san Acht so fógra go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh) sa bhfuirm orduithe go bhfuil sé chun an éilimh sin do dhéanamh.
(2) Déanfar gach fógra go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh do sheirbheáil laistigh de pé aimsir acu so leanas is oiriúnach, sé sin le rá:—
(a) i gcás tionóntachta críochnófar tré fhógra chun imeacht, tar éis ach ní níos déanaí ná mí tar éis an fhógra san chun imeacht do sheirbheáil, no
(b) i gcás tionóntachta do chríochnú tré théarma blian no tréimhse chinnte eile do chaitheamh no tré aon teagmhas cinnte eile, ráithe ar a laighead roimh chríochnú na tionóntachta, no
(c) i gcás tionóntachta críochnófar tré shaol do thuitim no tré aon teagmhas nea-chinnte eile, laistigh de mhí tar éis eolais d'fháil don éilitheoir ar an teagmhas san do thárlachtaint, no
(d) i gcás ina dtuigtear do réir an Achta so an tionóntacht do chríochnú láithreach tar éis an Achta so do rith, laistigh de shé mhí tar éis an Achta so do rith.
(3) I ngach fógra go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh déarfar cadé an saghas faoisimh atá á éileamh agus, más tionóntacht nua an faoiseamh san, féadfar éileamh do chur sa bhfógra san ar chúiteamh ina ionad san fén Acht so.
Faoiseamh d'iarraidh ar an gCúirt.
25.—(1) Einne sheirbheálfaidh go cuibhe fógra go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh féadfaidh, aon uair nách luaithe ná dhá mhí tar éis an fhógra san do sheirbheáil, a iarraidh ar an gCúirt breith do thabhairt ar a cheart chun an fhaoisimh sin agus (fé mar a bheidh) méid an chúitimh no téarmaí na tionóntachta nua go bhfuighfear teideal do bheith aige chúichi do shocrú.
(2) Féadfar iarratas ar an gCúirt fén alt so do dhéanamh agus d'éisteacht agus féadfar breith do thabhairt air roimh dheireadh na tionóntachta as a n-eireoidh an t-éileamh agus ag súil leis sin, no dá éis sin.
An Coimisinéir Luachála do dhéanamh luachála i dtaobh feabhsuithe.
26.—(1) Má hiarrtar ar an gCúirt fén Acht so breith do thabhairt ar cheart an té (dá ngairmtear an t-iarratasóir san alt so) bheidh ag déanamh an iarratais chun faoisimh fén Acht so, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) más cúiteamh i bhfeabhsú éileoidh an t-iarratasóir mar bhun-fhaoiseamh, déanfaidh an t-iarratasóir ráiteas feabhsúcháin i ndúbláid do lóisteáil san Oifig Chúirte Cuarda i dteanta an fhógra iarratais tionnscnamhaigh no na scríbhinne tionnscnamhaighe eile;
(b) más rud é gur tionóntacht nua éileoidh an t-iarratasóir mar bhun-fhaoiseamh agus go n-éileoidh sé cúiteamh i bhfeabhsú (i dteanta no d'éamais cúitimh i gcur isteach) mar fhaoiseamh ina ionad san agus go gcinnfidh an Chúirt ná fuil an t-iarratasóir i dteideal an bhunfhaoisimh sin, cuirfear ar ath-ló an t-iarratas d'éisteacht níos sia agus déanfaidh an t-iarratasóir ráiteas feabhsúcháin i ndúbláid do lóisteáil san Oifig Chúirte Cuarda;
(c) is sa bhfuirm orduithe bheidh gach ráiteas feabhsúcháin a lóisteálfar in Oifig Chúirte Cuarda do réir an fho-ailt seo agus beidh na mion-innste orduithe ann ar an bhfeabhsú no ar gach ceann de sna feabhsuithe uile agus fé seach gur ina thaobh no ina dtaobh a beifear ag éileamh cúitimh i bhfeabhsú;
(d) pé uair is gá d'iarratasóir do réir an fho-ailt seo ráiteas feabhsúcháin do lóisteáil san Oifig Chúirte Cuarda déanfaidh an t-iarratasóir sin, roimh am na lóisteála san no laistigh de thrí lá ina dhiaidh, cóip den ráiteas feabhsúcháin sin do thabhairt don tiarna tighe no don tiarna tighe uachtarach ar a mbeifear ag éileamh an chúitimh sin.
(2) Pé uair a lóisteálfar ráiteas feabhsúcháin san Oifig Chúirte Cuarda do réir an ailt seo déanfaidh an clárathóir contae láithreach dúbláid amháin den ráiteas feabhsúcháin sin do chur go dtí an Coimisinéir Luachála agus Suirbhéir Teorann, agus ar fháil an ráitis sin do cuirfidh an Coimisinéir sin fé ndeár an tionóntachán ina ndearnadh an feabhsú no na feabhsuithe uile agus fé seach a luaidhtear sa ráiteas san d'iniúchadh agus luacháil do dhéanamh sa bhfuirm orduithe ag luadh na nithe seo leanas i dtaobh an fheabhsuithe sin no i dtaobh gach ceann de sna feabhsuithe sin uile agus fé seach, sé sin le rá:—
(a) meastachán ar an mbreis (más ann di) do bhí curtha le cíos-luach an tionóntacháin sin ar chríochnú na tionóntachta bheidh i gceist agus is ionchurtha i leith an fheabhsuithe sin, agus
(b) an fhaid is dócha mhairfidh an bhreis sin, an fhaid is dócha mhairfidh an feabhsú, agus éinní eile bhaineann le luach caipitaluithe na breise sin d'áireamh, agus
(c) meastachán ar luach chaipitaluithe na breise sin.
(3) Cuirfidh an Coimisinéir sin fé ndeár an luacháil sin do chur go dtí an clárathóir contae maraon le cuntas ar an táille, agus í áirmhithe do réir rialachán do rinne an tAire Airgid, is iníoctha ar an luacháil sin.
(4) Ar a éileamh san air don chlárathóir chontae íocfaidh an t-iarratasóir leis an gclárathóir contae suim na táille sin is iníoctha as an luacháil sin agus go dtí go n-íocfar an táille sin amhlaidh ní bheidh a thuille imeacht sa scéal, ach ar íoc na táille sin beidh an t-iarratasóir agus aon pháirtí eile i dteideal cóip den luacháil sin d'fháil ón gclárathóir contae ar íoc aisti do réir an ráta bheidh inéilithe do réir dlí de thurus na huaire ar chóipeanna de scríbhinní do gheibhtear ón Oifig Chúirte Cuarda.
(5) Nuair a bheidh an Chúirt ag socrú méid an chúitimh sin i bhfeabhsú féachfa sí do sna meastacháin agus na ráitisí uile agus fé seach a bheidh sa luacháil sin.
(6) Mara n-orduighidh an Chúirt a mhalairt beidh muirear na táille, íocfaidh iarratasóir as luacháil fén alt so, sa deireadh thiar thall leath má leath ar an iarratasóir agus ar an té ar a mbeidh sé ag éileamh an chúitimh i bhfeabhsú gur ina thaobh a rinneadh an luacháil sin.
(7) Gach táille do gheobhaidh clárathóir contae ar luacháil fén alt so déanfaidh an clárathóir contae sin í d'íoc isteach sa Stát-Chiste no í do chur chun tairbhe dho i pé slí ordóidh an tAire Airgid.
Forálacha i dtaobh iarrataisí ar thionóntacht nua.
27.—Má sé faoiseamh a héileofar in iarratas a cuirfear fé bhráid na Cúirte fén Acht so ná tionóntacht nua fé Chuid III den Acht so sa tionóntachán le n-a mbaineann an t-iarratas beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) má gheibheann an Chúirt go bhfuil an tionónta atá ag déanamh an iarratais i dteideal na tionóntachta nua san socróidh an Chúirt téarmaí na tionóntachta nua san agus déanfaidh ordú á cheangal ar thiarna tighe an tionóntacháin sin tionóntacht nua sa tionóntachán san do dheonadh agus á cheangal ar an tionónta san í do ghlacadh dá réir sin;
(b) má dheineann an Chúirt ordú fén alt so chun tionóntachta nua i dtionóntachán do dheonadh do thionónta ní bheidh an tionónta san i dteideal cúitimh fén Acht so mar gheall ar an tionóntacht do bhi aige roimhe sin sa tionóntachán san do chríochnú;
(c) má gheibheann an Chúirt ná fuil an tionónta san i dteideal na tionóntachta nua san agus má bhíonn sa bhfógra go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh ar a mbeidh an t-iarratas bunuithe éileamh ar chúiteamh ina ionad san fén Acht so, déanfaidh an Chúirt an t-éileamh ar an gcúiteamh san d'éisteacht agus breith do thabhairt air agus, má dheonann an Chúirt an cúiteamh san, socróidh méid an chúitimh sin;
(d) má gheibheann an Chúirt ná fuil an tionónta san i dteideal na tionóntachta nua san agus mara mbeidh sa bhfógra go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh ar a mbeidh an t-iarratas bunuithe éileamh ar chúiteamh ina ionad san fén Acht so, féadfaidh an Chúirt, ar iarratas an tionónta san, más dóich leis an gCúirt, ag féachaint do gach ní sa scéal di, gur ceart san do dhéanamh, an fógra san go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh do leasú ar pé téarmaí is dóich leis an gCúirt is ceart tré éileamh ar chúiteamh ina ionad san fén Acht so do chur isteach ann agus leis sin féadfaidh deighleáil leis an eileamh san do réir na míre deiridh sin roimhe seo den alt so;
(e) má dheineann an Chúirt ordú fén alt so chun tionóntachta nua i dtionóntachán do dheonadh do thionónta agus nách féidir tiarna tighe ná aon duine de thiarnaí tighe an tionóntacháin sin d'fháil no gur duine é atá fé mhí-ábaltacht no i bhfeadhmannas iontaobhais no ná fuil aige ach estát teoranta, féadfaidh an Chúirt pé ordú do dhéanamh is dóich leis an gCúirt is ceart chun go bhféadfar an tionóntacht nua san do dheonadh in ainneoin na do-fháltachta, na mí-ábaltachta, an fheadhmannais iontaobhais, no an estáit teoranta san, do réir mar bheidh;
(f) má dheineann an Chúirt ordú fén alt so chun tionóntacht nua i dtionóntachán do dheonadh do thionónta, beidh ar thiarna tighe an tionóntacháin sin an ní seo leanas do dheonadh agus beidh ar an tionónta san é do ghlacadh, eadhon, léas no connradh eile tionóntachta i scríbhinn le n-a gcruthnófar sa tionóntachán san, o dheireadh na tionóntachta bhí ann roimhe sin, tionóntacht nua ar na téarmaí bheidh luaidhte san ordú san, agus má eiríonn no má thárlann aon aighneas, teip no ceist le linn an orduithe sin do chur i bhfeidhm féadfaidh aon pháirtí le n-a mbaineann iarratas do chur fé bhráid na Cúirte agus leis sin féadfaidh an Chúirt pé ordú do dhéanamh is gá do réir chirt,
An tiarna tighe do thairisgint tionóntachta nua in ionad cúitimh.
28.—(1) Má sheirbheálann tionónta ar a thiarna tighe fógra go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh ná beidh á éileamh ann ach faoiseamh i bhfuirm chúitimh i bhfeabhsú agus go mbeidh frith-bhithdhílse no frith-dhílse is sia ná cúig bliana ag an tiarna tighe sin sa tionóntachán le n-a mbaineann an fógra san féadfaidh an tiarna tighe sin, laistigh de dhá mhí tar éis an fhógra san do sheirbheáil air, fógra sa bhfuirm orduithe do sheirbheáil ar an tionónta san ag tairisgint tionóntachta nua sa tionóntachán san don tionónta san ar théarmaí luadhfar sa bhfógra san no ag tairisgint tionóntachta nua sa tionóntachán san do ar théarmaí bheidh le socrú ag an gCúirt (pe'ca tairisgint acu san is oiriúnach leis an tiarna tighe sin do luadh sa bhfógra san).
(2) Má sheirbheálann tiarna tighe ar a thionónta fén bhfo-alt san roimhe seo den alt so fógra ag tairisgint tionóntachta nua don tionónta san ar théarmaí luadhfar sa bhfógra san, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) féadfaidh an tionónta, laistigh de mhí tar éis an fhógra san do sheirbheáil, fógra do sheirbheáil ar an tiarna tighe sin sa bhfuirm orduithe ag glacadh leis an tionóntacht nua san;
(b) má sheirbheálann an tionónta fógra fén mír sin roimhe seo den fho-alt so, deonfaidh an tiarna tighe sin láithreach agus glacfaidh an tionónta san láithreach léas no connradh eile tionóntachta i scríbhinn le n-a gcruthnófar sa tionóntachán le n-a mbaineann na fógraí sin, o dheireadh na tionóntachta bhí ann roimhe sin, tionóntacht nua ar na téarmaí bheidh luaidhte sa bhfógra do sheirbheáil an tiarna tighe sin;
(c) féadfaidh an tionónta, in ionad an fhógra luaidhtear anso roimhe seo do sheirbheáil, fógra do sheirbheáil ar an tiarna tighe ag diúltú don tionóntacht nua san;
(d) má sheirbheálann an tionónta fógra fén mír sin roimhe seo den fho-alt so, féadfaidh an tionónta dul ar aghaidh le n-a iarratas ar fhaoiseamh i bhfuirm chúitimh i bhfeabhsú, ach ar éisteacht an iarratais sin di féadfaidh an Chúirt, más oiriúnach léi é agus má bhíonn sí sásta go bhfuil an tionónta i dteideal an fhaoisimh sin, ordú do dhéanamh, in ionad an fhaoisimh sin do dheonadh, á cheangal ar an tiarna tighe tionóntacht nua sa tionóntachán san do dheonadh agus á cheangal ar an tionónta í do ghlacadh ar pé téarmaí is dóich leis an gCúirt is ceart (fé réir forálacha an Achta so) agus a luadhfa sí san ordú san.
(3) Má sheirbheálann tiarna tighe ar a thionónta fén gcéad fho-alt den alt so fógra ag tairisgint tionóntachta nua don tionónta san ar théarmaí bheidh le socrú ag an gCúirt, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) féadfaidh an tiarna tighe no an tionónta ordú ag socrú téarmaí na tionóntachta san d'iarraidh ar an gCúirt;
(b) ar dhéanamh an orduithe sin don Chúirt, deonfaidh an tiarna tighe sin láithreach agus glacfaidh an tionónta san láithreach léas no connradh eile tionóntachta i scríbhinn le n-a gcruthnófar, sa tionóntachán le n-a mbaineann na fógraí sin, tionóntacht nua ar na téarmaí bheidh luaidhte san ordú san.
(4) Má deintear leis an alt so no le hordú déanfar fén alt so a cheangal ar thiarna tighe agus ar thionónta tionóntacht nua i dtionóntachán do dheonadh agus do ghlacadh fé seach, ní bheidh an tionónta san i dteideal cúitimh fén Acht so mar gheall ar an tionóntacht do bhí roimhe sin sa tionóntachán san do chríochnú, ach beidh san gan dochar dá cheart chun cúitimh d'éileamh fén Acht so ar chríochnú na tionóntachta nua.
(5) Má deintear leis an alt so no le hordú déanfar fén alt so a cheangal ar thiarna tighe agus ar thionónta tionóntacht nua i dtionóntachán do dheonadh agus do ghlacadh fé seach agus má eiríonn no má thárlann aon aighneas, teip no ceist le linn na tionóntachta nua san do dheonadh agus do ghlacadh, féadfaidh aon pháirtí le n-a mbaineann iarratas do chur fé bhráid na Cúirte agus leis sin féadfaidh an Chúirt pé ordú do dhéanamh is gá do réir chirt.
An Chúirt do shocrú téarmaí na tionóntachta nua.
29.—Má dheineann an Chúirt téarmaí tionóntachta nua do shocrú fén Acht so pe'ca do réir forála den Acht so no do réir orduithe dhéanfaidh an Chúirt a bheidh an tionóntacht nua san le deonadh, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) socróidh an Chúirt cá fhaid a mhairfidh an tionóntacht nua san;
(b) más fé léas a bheidh seilbh ag an tiarna tighe ar an tionóntachán gur ann a cruthnófar an tionóntacht nua san, ní mhairfidh an tionóntacht nua san níos sia ná téarma an léasa san;
(c) fé réir na míre deiridh sin roimhe seo den alt so, ní bheidh ré na tionóntachta nua san níos giorra ná téarma bliain is fiche gan cead an tionónta ná níos sia ná téarma naoi mblian nóchad i gcás ar bith;
(d) ní bheidh an cíos a bheidh iníoctha ag an tionónta fén tionóntacht nua san níos lugha ná (pe'ca aca é) an cíos is iníoctha ar an tionóntachán san ag an tiarna tighe no cion den chíos is iníoctha ar an tionóntachán san agus ar mhaoin eile ag an tiarna tighe, pé cion is dóich leis an gCúirt is ionchurtha ar an tionóntachán san do réir chothruim;
(e) fé réir na míre sin roimhe seo den fho-alt so, isé rud é an cíos san ná an deifríocht idir an mór-chíos agus an liúntas ar son feabhsuithe mar a mínítear iad san fé seach anso ina dhiaidh seo;
(f) isé rud é an mór-chíos ná an cíos is dóich leis an gCúirt do bhéarfadh léasaí toilteanach ná beadh i seilbh cheana féin agus do ghlacfadh léasóir toilteanach ar an tionóntachán san dá mba rud é, i ngach cás, go mbeadh an tionóntachán folamh le linn seilbhe air do thabháirt agus gur leor a mbeadh ann de thionóntacháin den tsórt chéanna chun an éilimh ortha do shásamh agus nár ghéire an comórtas umpa ná mar ba ghnáth agus ag féachaint do théarmaí eile na tionóntachta san agus do chíos-luacha tionóntachán de shaghas an tionóntacháin sin atá suidhte i gcomhursanacht an tionóntacháin sin, ach gan áird do thabhairt ar aon dea-thoil a bhaineann leis an tionóntachán san;
(g) isé rud é an liúntas mar gheall ar fheabhsú ná pé cion den mhór-chíos is dóich leis an gCúirt is ionchurtha i leith feabhsuithe do rinne an tionónta no a roimhshealbhadóirí teidil agus go mbeadh an tionónta i dteideal cúitimh i bhfeabhsú mar gheall air dá mba ná bainfeadh Cuid III den Acht so leis an tionóntachán san no dá mba ná cruthnófaí an tionóntacht nua san (pe'ca aca é);
(h) féadfaidh an Chúirt a cheangal ar an té bheidh ar aigne bheith ina thionónta, mar cheann de théarmaí na tionóntachta nua san, suim áirithe airgid do chaitheamh ar dheisiú áirithe (agus dathadóireacht chun buanchoimeádtha d'áireamh ach gan dathadóireacht chun maisithe amháin d'áireamh) do dhéanamh ar an tionóntachán san agus féadfaidh a údarú deonadh na tionóntachta nua san do chur ar athló go dtí go mbeidh an deisiú san críochnuithe go cuibhe.
An Coimisinéir Luachála do thabhairt chonganta don Chúirt fé Chuid IV.
30.—(1) Má dheineann an Chúirt téarmaí tionóntachta nua do shocrú fén Acht so, pe'ca do réir forála den Acht so no do réir orduithe dhéanfaidh an Chúirt a bheidh an tionóntacht nua san le deonadh, féadfaidh an Chúirt agus, má iarrann ceachtar páirtí uirthi é, déanfaidh a chur fé ndeár go gcuirfear go dtí an Coimisinéir Luachála agus Suirbhéir Teorann iarratas ar luacháil, ar mheastachán, no ar ráiteas i dtaobh éinní áirithe bhaineann leis na téarmaí sin do shocrú agus féadfaidh chuige sin socrú na dtéarmaí sin do chur ar athló.
(2) Ar fháil iarratais fén alt so dho, cuirfidh an Coimisinéir sin fé ndeár an luacháil, an meastachán, no an ráiteas san a bheidh luaidhte san iarratas san d'ullamhú agus do chur chun na Cúirte maraon le cuntas ar an táille, agus í áirmhithe do réir rialachán do rinne an tAire Airgid, is iníoctha air.
(3) Beidh páirtí ar bith le n-a mbaineann i dteideal cóip de luacháil, de mheastachán, no de ráiteas do bhéarfaidh an Coimisinéir sin don Chúirt do réir an ailt seo d'fháil ón gclárathóir contae ach íoc aiste do réir an ráta bheidh inéilithe do réir dlí de thurus na huaire ar chóipeanna de scríbhinní do gheibhtear ón Oifig Chúirte Cuarda.
(4) An táille is iníoctha fén alt so ar luacháil, ar mheastachán, no ar ráiteas a chuirfidh an Coimisinéir sin chun na Cúirte do réir an ailt seo, isé duine no daoine ar a mbeidh a muirear agus íocfaidh leis an gclárathóir contae í ná pé páirtí no páirtithe, agus i pé cionúireachtaí, ordóidh an Chúirt agus déanfaidh an clárathóir contae í d'íoc isteach sa Stát-Chiste no í do chur chun tairbhe dho i pé slí ordóidh an tAire Airgid.
(5) Má cuirtear iarratas fén alt so chun an Choimisineura san, ansan, nuair a bheidh an Chúirt ag socrú téarmaí tionóntachta nua féachfa sí don luacháil, don mheastachán no don ráiteas do thug an Coimisinéir sin uaidh.
Na cirt a bheidh ag gach taobh mara mbeidh frithdhílse ag an tiarna tighe.
31.—(1) Má dheineann tionónta fógra go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh do sheirbheáil ar a thiarna tighe agus ná beidh no go dtuigfear de bhuadh aon ailt eile den Acht so ná fuil frithdhílse ar bith ag an tiarna tighe sin sa tionóntachán le n-a mbaineann an fógra san, féadfaidh an tiarna tighe sin, laistigh de mhí tar éis an fhógra san do sheirbheáil air, na fógraí seo leanas do sheirbheáil, sé sin le rá:—
(a) ar an tionónta san, fógra sa bhfuirm orduithe á rá ná fuil frith-dhílse ar bith ag an tiarna tighe sin sa tionóntachán san agus ag luadh ainm agus seoladh a ghar-thiarna tighe uachtaraigh no gníomhaire an tiarna tighe uachtaraigh sin, agus
(b) ar an ngar-thiarna tighe uachtarach san, fógra sa bhfuirm orduithe gur seirbheáladh an fógra san go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh (maraon le cóip den fhógra san) agus (i gcás le n-a mbaineann) go bhfuil an tiarna tighe sin chun cúitimh i bhfeabhsú, i dtaobh an tionóntacháin sin, d'éileamh ar an tiarna tighe uachtarach san.
(2) Má bhíonn tiarna tighe i dteideal fén bhfo-alt san roimhe seo den alt so na fógraí luaidhtear sa bhfo-alt san do sheirbheáil, féadfaidh an tionónta, laistigh de mhí tar éis do fógra go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh do sheirbheáil ar an tiarna tighe sin, dúbláid den fhógra san go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh do sheirbheáil ar ghar-thiarna tighe uachtarach an tiarna tighe sin agus ar aon tiarna tighe uachtarach eile.
(3) Má bhíonn tiarna tighe i dteideal fén gcéad fho-alt den alt so na fógraí luaidhtear sa bhfo-alt san do sheirbheáil agus go seirbheálfaidh an tiarna tighe sin na fógraí luaidhtear sa bhfo-alt san no go seirbheálfaidh an tionónta ar ghar-thiarna tighe uachtarach an tiarna tighe sin an dúbláid sin den fhógra luaidhtear sa dara fo-alt den alt so, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) tuigfear (lasmuich de chás dá bhforáltar a mhalairt anso ina dhiaidh seo) gur ar ghar-thiarna tighe uachtarach an tiarna tighe sin atá éileamh an tionónta ar fhaoiseamh fén Acht so á dhéanamh agus bhéarfaidh an tiarna tighe uachtarach san an faoiseamh san (má deontar é) don tionónta;
(b) isé duine ar a ndéanfar an t-éileamh (más ann do) a dhéanfaidh an tionónta ar chúiteamh i bhfeabhsú mar gheall ar fheabhsú gur ina thaobh a bheidh teideal aige chun an chúitimh sin ach ná beadh teideal ag an tiarna tighe chun cúitimh d'éileamh ina thaobh dá mbeadh sé tar éis an chúitimh sin d'íoc leis an tionónta ná an tiarna tighe agus íocfaidh an tiarna tighe an cúiteamh san (má deontar é) leis an tionónta;
(c) mara mbeidh frith-dhílse ar bith no má bhíonn frith-dhílse nách sia ná mí ag an ngar-thiarna tighe uachtarach san féin sa tionóntachán le n-a mbaineann na fógraí sin, féadfa sé a sheirbheáil ar an tiarna tighe uachtarach díreach os a chionn agus ar an tionónta fógraí den tsórt chéanna údaruíonn an chéad fho-alt den alt so don tiarna tighe sin do sheirbheáil, agus (pe'ca sheirbheálfaidh an gar-thiarna tighe uachtarach san na fógraí sin no ná seirbheálfaidh) tuigfear an fhrithdhílse (más ann di) bheidh ag an ngar-thiarna tighe uachtarach san sa tionóntachán san do bheith tugtha suas o chríochnú na tionóntachta no na tionóntachta buanuithe (pe'ca aca é) do bhí ag an tionónta sa tionóntachán san, agus beidh éifeacht ag forálacha an ailt seo ach an dara tiarna tighe uachtarach san do chur in ionad an ghar-thiarna tighe uachtaraigh sin.
Na cirt a bheidh ag gach taobh má bhíonn frith-dhílse ainmniúil ag an tiarna tighe.
32.—Má dheineann tionónta fógra go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh do sheirbheáil ar a thiarna tighe agus go mbeidh frithdhílse nách sia ná mí ag an tiarna tighe sin sa tionóntachán le n-a mbaineann an fógra san, féadfaidh an tiarna tighe sin, laistigh de mhí tar éis an fhógra san do sheirbheáil air, fógra sa bhfuirm orduithe do sheirbheáil ar an tionónta san ag buanú tionóntachta an tionónta san sa tionóntachán san go dtí go raghaidh an fhrithdhílse sin in éag, agus leis sin beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) buanófar an tionóntacht san go dtí go raghaidh an fhrithdhílse sin in éag ar an gcíos gcéanna bhí uirthe agus fé sna cumhnantaí agus na coinníollacha céanna bhí i bhfeidhm ina taobh go dtí san;
(b) tuigfear gur maidir le críochnú na tionóntachta ar dhul in éag don fhrith-dhílse sin do seirbheáladh an fógra san go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh agus má seirbheáladh é go dleathach maidir leis an mbunchríochnú beidh sé dleathach maidir leis an gcríochnú deiridh;
(c) tuigfear chun crícheanna an Achta so ná raibh frithdhílse ar bith ag an tiarna tighe sin sa tionóntachán san ar dháta seirbheála an fhógra san go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh.
Na cirt a bheidh ag gach taobh má bhíonn frith-dhílse ghearr ag an tiarna tighe.
33.—Má dheineann tionónta fógra go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh do sheirbheáil ar a thiarna tighe agus go mbeidh frithdhílse is sia ná mí ach nách sia ná cúig bliana ag an tiarna tighe sin sa tionóntachán le n-a mbaineann an fógra san, féadfaidh an tiarna tighe sin, laistigh de mhí tar éis an fhógra san do sheirbheáil air, fógra sa bhfuirm orduithe do sheirbheáil ar an tionónta san ag buanú tionóntachta an tionónta san sa tionóntachán san go dtí go raghaidh an fhrith-dhílse sin in éag agus leis sin beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) buanófar an tionóntacht san go dtí go raghaidh an fhrithdhílse sin in éag ar an gcíos gcéanna bhí uirthe agus fé sna cumhnantaí agus na coinníollacha céanna bhí i bhfeidhm ina taobh go dtí san;
(b) tuigfear an fógra san go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh do bheith tarraicthe siar gan dochar d'fhógra nua go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh, maidir leis an tionóntacht bhuanuithe sin do dhul in éag, do sheirbheáil san am ceart.
Na cirt a bheidh ag gach taobh ar thionóntacht thiarna tighe do chríochnú.
34.—Má críochnuítear tionóntacht thionónta i dtionóntachán de dhruim tionóntachta tiarna tighe an tionóntacháin sin do chríochnú sara raghadh téarma na tionóntachta deiridh sin a luaidhtear in éag sa ghnáth-shlí, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) féadfaidh an tionónta san fógra go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh do sheirbheáil tar éis críochnú na tionóntachta san ach ní níos déanaí ná mí tar éis don tionónta san imeacht as an tionóntachán san;
(b) tuigfear chun crícheanna an Achta so gur tiarna tighe ná fuil frith-dhílse ar bith aige sa tionóntachán san an tiarna tighe sin.
Seanathionóntachtaí do bhuanú.
35.—Pé uair a déanfar tionóntacht do bhuanú no d'athnuachaint no tionóntacht nua do chruthnú fén Acht so i dtionóntachán, ansan, chun crícheanna an Achta so, beidh an tionóntacht bhuanuithe no athnuaite no nua san no tuigfear í bheith ina buanú ar an tionóntacht do bhí sa tionóntachán san roimhe sin agus tuigfear chun gach críche gur greamú í ar an tionóntacht san do bhí ann roimhe sin agus an leas a bheidh ag an tionónta fúithe beidh sé fé réir aon cheart no cothrom a thiocfaidh as í do bheith ina greamú amhlaidh.
An aimsir chun cúitimh d'íoc.
36.—(1) Má bhíonn tionónta i dteideal cúitimh d'fháil o n-a thiarna tighe fén Acht so, beidh an cúiteamh san iníoctha, fé réir forálacha an ailt seo, ar thárlachtaint pé ní acu so leanas is déanaí thárlóidh, sé sin le rá:—
(a) mí do bheith caithte o dháta méid an chúitimh sin do shocrú tré chó-aontú no don Chúirt, agus
(b) an tionónta do thabhairt seilbh ghlan an tionóntacháin don tiarna tighe.
(2) Má bhíonn cúiteamh iníoctha ag tiarna le n-a thionónta fén Acht so agus go mbeidh airgead dlite agus ag dul don tiarna tighe sin ón tionónta san fé n-a thionóntacht no alos a thionóntachta sa tionóntachán gur ina thaobh a bheidh an cúiteamh san iníoctha amhlaidh, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) féadfaidh an tiarna tighe sin, más mó an cúiteamh san ná an t-airgead san, an t-airgead san do bhaint as an gcúiteamh san no, má bhíonn an t-airgead san chó mór leis an gcúiteamh san no níos mó ná é, an cúiteamh san do choinneáil in íoc agus i nglanadh an airgid sin no an mhéide dhe is có-ionann leis an gcúiteamh san;
(b) féadfaidh an tionónta san, más mó an t-airgead san ná an cúiteamh san, an cúiteamh san do bhaint as an airgead san no, má bhíonn an cúiteamh san chó mór leis an airgead san nó níos mó ná é, an t-airgead san do choinneáil in íoc agus i nglanadh an chúitimh sin no an mhéide dhe is có-ionann leis an airgead san.
(3) Má bhíonn cúiteamh iníoctha ag tiarna tighe le tionónta fén Acht so agus go n-abróidh an tiarna tighe sin go bhfuil airgead iníoctha ag an tionónta san leis fé n-a thionóntacht no alos a thionóntachta sa tionóntachán gur ina thaobh atá an cúiteamh san iníoctha amhlaidh agus go gcuirfidh an tionónta an t-éileamh san no méid an éilimh sin in imreasán no go mbeidh suim an éilimh sin gan bheith glanta, féadfaidh an tiarna tighe sin suim an chúitimh sin d'íoc isteach sa Chúirt agus leis sin féadfaidh an Chúirt, ar iarratas an tiarna tighe no an tionónta, pé ordú is gá do réir chirt do dhéanamh i dtaobh an airgid do híocadh isteach sa Chúirt amhlaidh agus féadfaidh, go sonnrách, an t-airgead san no aon chuid de do choinneáil go dtí go socrófar i dtaobh dleathachta an éilimh sin no méide an éilimh sin.
(4) Beidh cúiteamh i bhfeabhsú is iníoctha ag tiarna tighe no tiarna tighe uachtarach le tionónta ina chéad mhuirear (i dtosach ar gach morgáiste, muirear, agus eire eile de gach saghas) ar leas an tiarna tighe no an tiarna tighe uachtaraigh sin (pe'ca aca é) sa tionóntachán gur ina thaobh a bheidh an cúiteamh san iníoctha.
Cúiteamh d'íoc i gcás tionóntachta do bheith fé mhorgáiste.
37.—(1) I gcás tionóntachta i dtionóntachán do chríochnú agus, díreach roimh an gcríochnú san, morgáiste no muirear urruithe airgid do bheith ar an estát no ar an leas do bhí ag tionónta an tionóntacháin sin fén tionóntacht san, bainfidh an morgáiste no an muirear san le cúiteamh ar bith fén Acht so thiocfaidh chun bheith iníoctha leis an tionónta san mar gheall ar an gcríochnú san.
(2) I gcás cúitimh fén Acht so do bheith iníoctha le tionónta agus a fhios do bheith ag an tiarna tighe no ag an tiarna tighe uachtarach ag a bhfuil an cúiteamh san iníoctha amhlaidh morgáiste no muirear do bheith ann a dheineann deifir don chúiteamh san de bhuadh an ailt seo no ar aon tslí eile, déanfaidh an tiarna tighe no an tiarna tighe uachtarach san—
(a) má thoilíonn an tionónta san chuige, an cúiteamh san d'íoc le húnaer an mhorgáiste no an mhuirir sin, dá ngairmtear an morgáistí san alt so; no
(b) má thoilíonn an morgáistí chuige, an cúiteamh san d'íoc leis an tionónta san; no
(c) má orduíonn an morgáistí agus an tionónta san é, an cúiteamh san d'íoc leis an morgáistí agus leis an tionónta san i pé slí a hordófar amhlaidh; no
(d) mara ndeintear toiliú ná ordú fé mar a luaidhtear sa bhfo-alt so, an cúiteamh san d'íoc isteach sa Chúirt.
(3) Má deintear cúiteamh fén Acht so d'íoc isteach sa Chúirt fén alt so féadfaidh an Chúirt, ar iarratas duine ar bith le n-a mbaineann, pé ordú is gá do réir chirt do dhéanamh i dtaobh an chúitimh sin.
Ceart ag tionónta chun leanúint i seilbh go dtí go dtabharfar breith.
38.—Má hiarrtar fén Acht so ar an gCúirt tionóntacht nua do dheonadh no téarmaí tionóntachta nua do shocrú, agus más tar éis dul in éag don tionóntacht gur maidir le n-a críochnú a bheidh an t-iarratas san á dhéanamh a bunófar an t-iarratas san, no má bunuítear é roimh dhul in éag don tionóntacht san agus má théigheann an tionóntacht san in éag sara ndéanfar an t-iarratas san d'éisteacht agus breith do thabhairt air, agus, in aon chás acu, más ar aon tslí seachas le dí-shealbhú no le tabhairt-suas do críochnuíodh an tionóntacht san, féadfaidh an tionónta, más mian leis é, leanúint i seilbh an tionóntacháin le n-a mbaineann an t-iarratas san ón am a raghaidh an tionóntacht san in éag go dtí go ndéanfaidh an Chúirt no, má deintear athchomharc, go dtí go ndéanfaidh an chúirt athchomharcach dheiridh an t-iarratas san d'éisteacht agus breith do thabhairt air, agus faid a leanfa sé i seilbh amhlaidh beidh an tionónta san fé théarmaí na tionóntachta san (agus ortha san áirmhítear cíos d'íoc) ach beidh san gan dochar do pé aisíoc agus ath-choigeartú is gá do dhéanamh má deontar tionóntacht nua bheidh le tosnú ón am do chuaidh an tseana-thionóntacht in éag.
Tionóntacht do chríochnú roimh an Acht so do rith.
39.—I gcás tionóntachta i dtionóntachán do chríochnú roimh an Acht so do rith agus tionónta an tionóntacháin sin, pe'ca rinneadh aithne chun é dhí-shealbhú i gcoinnibh an tionónta san no ná dearnadh, do bheith, le linn an Achta so do rith, i seilbh an tionóntacháin sin d'ainneoin an chríochnuithe sin agus gan tionóntacht nua sa tionóntacht san d'fháil, tuigfear chun crícheanna an Achta so an tionóntacht san do chríochnú díreach tar éis an Achta so do rith agus beidh feidhm ag an Acht so dá réir sin.
Ceart ag tionónta chun eolais d'fháil.
40.—(1) Aon tionónta tionóntacháin do seirbheáladh le fógra chun imeacht as an tionóntachán san no go ndeaghaidh a thionóntacht sa tionóntachán san in éag tré shaol do thuitim no tré aon teagmhas nea-chinnte eile do thárlachtaint no go raghaidh a thionóntacht sa tionóntachán san in éag le himeacht aimsire fé cheann ráithe, féadfaidh gach fógra no aon fhógra acu so leanas do sheirbheáil, sé sin le rá:—
(a) ar a thiarna tighe no ar an té le n-a n-íocann sé cíos an tionóntacháin sin, fógra á cheangal ar an tiarna tighe no ar an duine sin cineál agus ré frith-dhílse an tiarna tighe sin sa tionóntachán san agus ainm agus seoladh gar-thiarna tighe uachtaraigh an tiarna tighe sin (más ann do) do chur in úil don tionónta san;
(b) ar dhuine ar bith go mbeidh réasún ag an tionónta san chun a chreidiúint gur tiarna tighe uachtarach no gníomhaire do thiarna tighe uachtarach ar an tionóntachán san é, fógra á cheangal ar an duine sin a chur in úil don tionónta san ce'ca tá estát no leas ar bith ag an duine sin, no ag éinne dar gníomhaire é, sa tionóntachán san no ná fuil, agus fós cineál, sealbhaíocht, agus ré an estáit no an leasa san (más ann do) do chur in úil do, maraon le hainmneacha agus seolta na ndaoine go bhfuil estáit no leasanna sa tionóntachán san acu díreach os cionn no díreach fé bhun an estáit no an leasa san.
(2) Beidh sé de dhualgas ar dhuine ar bith ar a seirbheálfar fógra fén alt so an t-eolas a hiarrfar leis an bhfógra san, sa mhéid go mbeidh sé ag an duine sin no ar fáil aige, do thabhairt i scríbhinn don tionónta do sheirbheáil an fógra san amhlaidh, no do chur chuige i scríbhinn, laistigh de choicíos tar éis an fhógra san do sheirbheáil.
(3) Má dheineann tionónta fógra do sheirbheáil fén alt so agus go dteipfidh ar an té ar a seirbheálfar an fógra san amhlaidh no go leigfe sé i bhfaillí an t-eolas san do thabhairt i scríbhinn don tionónta san no do chur chuige i scríbhinn, laistigh den aimsir a ceaptar leis an alt so, a cheanglann an t-alt so air do thabhairt don tionónta san no do chur chuige amhlaidh, féadfaidh an tionónta san iarratas do chur fé bhráid na Cúirte agus ar éisteacht an iarratais sin féadfaidh an Chúirt pé ordú is gá do réir chirt do dhéanamh d'fhonn a chur fhiachaint ar an duine sin an t-eolas san do thabhairt don tionónta san no do chur chuige amhlaidh.
Ceart chun dul isteach agus chun iniúchta do dhéanamh.
41.—Pé uair a dhéanfaidh tionónta fógra feabhsúcháin no fógra go bhfuiltear chun faoisimh d'éileamh do sheirbheáil ar a thiarna tighe, beidh teideal ag an tiarna tighe sin agus ag gach tiarna tighe uachtarach ar a seirbheálfar an fógra san no cóip de fén Acht so, agus ag gach duine go n-údarás aige chuige sin ón tiarna tighe sin no o aon tiarna tighe uachtarach den tsórt san, dul isteach gach tráth réasúnta sa tionóntachán le n-a mbaineann an fógra san agus pé iniúchadh agus scrúdú do dhéanamh agus pé tuiseanna do thógaint ann is gá no is ceart chun go socródh an tiarna tighe no an tiarna tighe uachtarach san (pe'ca aca é) cad a dhéanfa sé i dtaobh an fhógra san.
Srian le connradh chun scarúint le ceart.
42.—Beidh connradh tré n-a mbainfí de thionónta, go díreach no go nea-dhíreach, a cheart chun faoisimh fén Acht so no chun aon fhaoisimh áirithe den tsórt san d'fháil, beidh sé gan brí pe'ca roimh an Acht so do rith no dá éis sin do rinneadh é.
Feidhm ag na Settled Land Acts.
43.—(1) Ar na comhachta bhíonn ag duine is tionónta le n-a shaol no ag duine go gcomhachta tionónta den tsórt san fé sna Settled Land Acts, 1882 to 1890, léasanna eile do dhéanamh seachas léasanna tógála agus léasanna mianadóireachta beidh comhacht thiarna tighe chun léasa do dhéanamh ag deonadh tionóntachta nua is gá don tiarna tighe sin, do réir na Coda so no aon Choda roimhe seo den Acht so no fúithe, do dheonadh, agus san d'ainneoin gur sia ná cúig bliana triochad ré na tionóntachta nua san.
(2) Féadfar airgead caipitiúil a thiocfaidh chun bheith ann fé sna Settled Land Acts, 1882 to 1890, do chur—
(a) chun aon tsuime d'íoc is iníoctha le tionónta alos cúitimh fén Acht so agus chun aon chostaisí, éilithe, agus caithteachaisí d'íoc is iníoctha leis an tionónta san maidir le n-a éileamh ar an gcúiteamh san; no
(b) chun aon airgid do caitheadh agus aon chostaisí fé n-a ndeaghthas, fén Acht so agus dá réir, i ndéanamh feabhsuithe no ina thaobh d'íoc fé is dá mba fheabhsú é sin do bheadh údaruithe leis na hAchtanna san; no
(c) chun na gcostaisí, na n-éilithe, agus na gcaithteachaisí fé n-a ndeaghthas i ndéanamh iarratais ar an gCúirt fén Acht so no i gcur ina choinnibh, no maidir le ceachtar acu san, d'íoc.
(3) Ar na crícheanna chun a bhféadfaidh duine is tionónta le n-a shaol airgead do chruinniú fé alt 18 den Settled Land Act, 1882, áirmheofar éileamh ar chúiteamh fén Acht so d'íoc.
(4) Más tionónta le n-a shaol tiarna tighe dhligheann cúiteamh d'íoc fén Acht so no má bhíonn sé mar bheadh iontaobhaí féadfa sé a chur mar cheangal gur amach as aon airgead caipitiúil a bheidh ar seilbh ar na hiontaobhaisí céanna ar a mbeidh an talamh socruithe ar seilbh a híocfar an tsuim is iníoctha alos an chúitimh sin maraon le gach costas, éileamh, agus caithteachas is iníoctha maidir leis.
Sa bhfo-alt so foluíonn an abairt “airgead caipitiúil” aon estát pearsanta a bheidh ar seilbh ar na hiontaobhaisí céanna ar a mbeidh an talamh ar seilbh, agus foluíonn an abairt “talamh socruithe” talamh ar seilbh ar iontaoibh chun a dhíolta.
Tiarnaí tighe i gcáil iontaobhaithe do chosaint.
44.—(1) I gcás tiarna tighe tionóntacháin do bheith ina dhuine atá i dteideal cíosanna agus brabús an tionóntacháin sin d'fháil mar iontaobhaí no i gcáil ar bith seachas chun tairbhe dho féin agus airgead do bheith iníoctha ag an tiarna tighe sin le tionónta an tionóntacháin sin alos cúitimh fén Acht so no alos costaisí, éilithe, no caithteachaisí bhaineann leis an gcúiteamh san, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) ní féadfar an t-airgead san do bhaint den tiarna tighe sin féin ná ní bheidh sé fé aon oblagáid an t-airgead san d'íoc, ach beidh an t-airgead san ina mhuirear ar an tionóntachán san agus ar gach maoin, réalta no pearsanta, bheidh ar seilbh ag an tiarna tighe ar na hiontaobhaisí céanna ar a mbeidh no sa cháil chéanna ina mbeidh an tionóntachán san ar seilbh aige agus ní féadfar an t-airgead san do bhaint amach ach as an tionóntachán agus as an maoin sin;
(b) beidh teideal ag an tiarna tighe sin, roimh an airgead san d'íoc leis an tionónta san do no dá éis sin, muirear ar an tionóntachán san, agus ar gach maoin, réalta no pearsanta, bheidh ar seilbh aige ar na hiontaobhaisí céanna ar a mbeidh no sa cháil chéanna ina mbeidh an tionóntachán san ar seilbh aige, d'fháil ón gCúirt agus é chó mór leis an airgead san agus le gach costas fé n-a ndeachaidh sé go cóir chun an mhuirir sin d'fháil no chun suime an mhuirir sin do chruinniú;
(c) má leigeann an tiarna tighe sin i bhfaillí no má theipeann air an t-airgead san d'íoc leis an tionónta san laistigh de mhí tar éis don tionónta san imeacht as an tionóntachán san, beidh an tionónta san i dteideal muirear ar an tionóntachán san, agus ar gach maoin, réalta no pearsanta, bheidh ar seilbh ag an tiarna tighe sin ar na hiontaobhaisí céanna ar a mbeidh no sa cháil chéanna ina mbeidh an tionóntachán san ar seilbh aige, d'fháil ón gCúirt agus é chó mór leis an airgead san no le n-a mbeidh gan íoc de an uair sin agus le gach costas fé n-a ndeachaidh an tionónta san go cóir chun an mhuirir sin d'fháil no chun suime an mhuirir sin do chruinniú.
(2) Féadfaidh aon chuideachta, atá ionchorparuithe anois no a hionchorparófar ina dhiaidh seo le reacht agus ag a mbeidh comhacht airgead do thabhairt uatha ar iasacht chun tailimh d'fheabhsú, sannadh muirir ar bith a dhéanfaidh an Chúirt fén alt so do ghlacadh, agus féadfaidh an chuideachta san aon mhuirear den tsórt san a sannfar dóibh amhlaidh do shannadh d'aon duine no daoine ar bith.
Tréimhsí ceaptar leis an Acht so d'fhaidiú.
45.—I gcás ina ndeintear leis an gCuid seo no le haon Chuid roimhe seo den Acht so, no ina ndéanfar fúithi, tréimhse do cheapadh chun aon ghníomh no rud do dhéanamh, féadfaidh an Chúirt, roimh dheireadh na tréimhse sin no dá éis sin, an tréimhse sin d'fhaidiú ar pé téarmaí is dóich leis an gCúirt is ceart.
CUID V.
Foralacha Speisialta i dTaobh Leasanna Togala.
Léasanna tógála agus léasanna dílse.
46.—(1) Sa Chuid seo den Acht so cialluíonn an abairt “léas tógála” léas go gcólíontar ina thaobh na coinníollacha uile seo leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) gur i líomatáiste baile atá an talamh ar fad a haistrítear leis an léas san;
(b) go bhfuil buan-fhoirgintí ar an talamh san agus go bhfuil an chuid den talamh san ná fuil fé sna foirgintí sin ag dul leis na foirgintí sin;
(c) nách feabhsú do réir bhrí an Achta so na buan-fhoirgintí sin;
(d) gurb é do thóg na buan-fhoirgintí sin ná an té do bhí, le linn a dtógála, i dteideal leasa an léasaí fén léas san;
(e) nách contrárdha do chumhnant, do choinníoll, ná do chó-aontú sa léas san do tógadh na buan-fhoirgintí sin.
(2) Sa Chuid seo den Acht so cialluíonn an abairt “léas dílse” léas atá do réir na gcoinníoll uile seo leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) gur fo-léas (díreach no nea-dhíreach) fé léas tógála an léas san; agus
(b) gurb é talamh a haistrítear leis an léas san ná an talamh go léir no cuid den talamh atá sa léas tógála san; agus
(c) gurb é téarma an léasa san ná téarma atá chó fada le pé tréimhse no níos sia ná pé tréimhse acu so leanas is giorra, sé sin le rá, fiche bliain no dhá dtrian téarma an léasa thógála san, agus a bheidh, in aon chás, caithte ar dhul in éag don léas tógála san no cúig bliana ar a mhéid roimhe sin; agus
(d) gur chuid de chomhaoine déanta an léasa san an léasaí d'íoc suime airgid (seachas cíos) leis an léasóir le linn an léasa san do dheonadh no díreach roimhe sin no gur chuid den chomaoine sin an léasaí do chaitheamh suime airgid ar an áitreabh a haistrítear leis an léas san no gur chuid den chomaoine sin an t-íoc san agus an caitheamh san; agus
(e) nár lugha an tsuim airgid sin do híocadh no do caitheadh amhlaidh no iomlán na suimeanna airgid sin do híocadh agus do caitheadh amhlaidh fé seach (pe'ca aca é) ná méid a bheadh cúig uaire déag chó mór le suim bhliantúil an chíosa no an chíosa ba mhó do cuireadh ar cosnamh leis an léas san.
Ceart chun léasa fhrithdhílse.
47.—(1) Aon uair laistigh de sheacht mbliana roimh dhul in éag do léas tógála, beidh éinne bheidh i seilbh an tailimh no aon choda den talamh a bheidh sa léas san agus gur fén léas tógála san no fé léas dhílse bheidh sé ar seilbh aige, beidh sé i dteideal, fé réir forálacha na Coda so den Acht so agus ar fháil an toilithe (más aon cheann é) is gá do réir an ailt seo, léas frith-dhílse ar an talamh san a bheidh ina sheilbh agus ar seilbh aige amhlaidh mar adubhradh d'fháil, ón té do gheibheann (ar aon tslí seachas mar ghníomhaire do dhuine eile) an cíos do cuireadh ar cosnamh leis an léas tógála san, ar na téarmaí socruítear leis an gCuid seo den Acht so no socrófar fúithe.
(2) Ní bheidh sé riachtanach do dhuine adéarfaidh go bhfuil teideal aige fén alt so chun léasa fhrith-dhílse ar thalamh toiliú ar bith d'fháil chun crícheanna an fho-ailt sin roimhe seo den alt so má bhíonn an duine sin i seilbh an tailimh sin uile no más rud é nách seilbh fé léas dhílse bheidh ag aon tionónta don duine sin a bheidh ar an talamh san no ar aon chuid de.
(3) Mara ndeinidh an fo-alt san roimhe seo den alt so duine adéarfaidh go bhfuil teideal aige fén alt so chun léasa fhrithdhílse ar thalamh do shaoradh o n-a bheith air toiliú ar bith d'fháil chun crícheanna an chéad fho-ailt den alt so, beidh sé riachtanach don duine sin toiliú chun an léasa fhrith-dhílse sin do dheonadh don duine sin d'fháil chun crícheanna an chéad fho-ailt sin o gach tionónta agus fo-thionónta (más ann dóibh) don duine sin ag a mbeidh an talamh san no aon chuid de fé léas dhílse.
(4) Má bhíonn léas tógála tar éis dul in éag laistigh de chúig bhliana roimh an Acht so do rith agus, le linn an Achta so do rith, go mbeidh an léasaí ag a mbeidh an léas san i seilbh an tailimh atá sa léas tógála san fé thionóntacht bhliantúil is iontuigthe as gníomhartha na bpáirtithe no mar thionónta ar thoil no gan aon tionóntacht nua do bheith faighte aige, beidh ag an léasaí sin agus ag gach duine atá i seilbh an tailimh sin no aon choda dhe fé thionóntacht bhliantúil is iontuigthe, ar léas dílse do dhul in éag, as gníomhartha na bpáirtithe, beidh acu fé seach, ar feadh sé mhí tar éis an Achta so do rith, na cearta céanna maidir le léas frith-dhílse d'fháil fén gCuid seo den Acht so do bheadh acu fé seach laistigh de sheacht mbliana roimh an léas tógála san do dhul in éag dá mbeadh an tAcht so i bhfeidhm an uair sin.
Téarmaí léasa fhrith-dhílse.
48.—(1) Má shocruíonn an Chúirt na téarmaí ar a ndeonfar léas frith-dhílse fén gCuid seo den Acht so beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) isé is ré don léas frith-dhílse sin ná téarma de naoi mbliana nóchad o dhul in éag don léas tógála dá mbeidh sé frith-dhílseach;
(b) an cíos a cuirfear ar cosnamh leis an frith-dhílse sin ní bheidh sé in aon chás níos lugha ná an cíos do cuireadh ar cosnamh leis an léas tógála san no, mara mbeidh sa talamh a bheidh sa léas frith-dhílse sin ach cuid den talamh a bheidh sa léas tógála san, pé cion, den chíos san do cuireadh ar cosnamh leis an léas tógála san, is ionchurtha le ceart ar an talamh san a bheidh sa léas frith-dhílse sin;
(c) fé réir na míre sin roimhe seo den fho-alt so isé cíos a cuirfear ar cosnamh leis an léas frith-dhílse sin ná an ceathrú cuid den mhór-chíos mar a mínítear san anso ina dhiaidh seo;
(d) isé rud é an mór-chíos ná an cíos is dóich leis an gCúirt do bhéarfadh léasaí toilteanach ná beadh i seilbh cheana féin agus do ghlacfadh léasóir toilteanach ar an talamh a bheidh sa léas frith-dhílse sin dá mba rud é, i ngach cás, go mbeadh an talamh san folamh le linn seilbhe air do thabhairt agus gur leor a mbeadh ann de thailte den tsórt chéanna chun an éilimh ortha do shásamh agus nár ghéire an comórtas umpa ná mar ba ghnáth agus ag féachaint do théarmaí eile an léasa fhrith-dhílse sin agus do chíos-luacha tailimh de shaghas an tailimh sin sa léas frith-dhílse sin atá suidhte i gcomhursanacht an tailimh sin, ach gan áird do thabhairt ar aon dea-thoil a bhaineann leis an talamh san a bheidh sa léas frith-dhílse sin;
(e) beidh gach cumhnant, coinníoll, agus có-aontú is gnáth sa léas frith-dhílse sin;
(f) féadfaidh an Chúirt a cheangal ar an té bheidh ar aigne bheith ina léasaí suim áirithe airgid do chaitheamh ar dheisiú na bhfoirgintí bheidh sa léas frith-dhílse sin agus féadfaidh a údarú déanamh an léasa fhrith-dhílse sin do chur ar athló go dtí go mbeidh an tsuim airgid sin caithte amhlaidh.
(2) Tuigfear léas frith-dhílse deonfar fén gCuid seo den Acht so do bheith ina ghreamú ar an léas tógála no ar an léas dílse (pe'ca aca é) fé n-a raibh an talamh a bheidh sa léas frith-dhílse sin ar seilbh roimhe sin ag an té dá ndeonfar an léas frith-dhílse sin, agus an leas a bheidh ag an léasaí fén léas frith-dhílse sin beidh sé fé réir aon chearta no cothroma thiocfaidh as an léas frith-dhílse sin do bheith ina ghreamú amhlaidh.
An Coimisinéir Luachála do thabhairt chonganta don Chúirt fé Chuid V.
49.—(1) Má dheineann an Chúirt téarmaí léasa fhrith-dhílse do shocrú fén gCuid seo den Acht so féadfaidh an Chúirt agus, má iarrann aon pháirtí le n-a mbaineann uirthi é, déanfaidh a chur fé ndeár go gcuirfear go dtí an Coimisinéir Luachála agus Suirbhéir Teorann iarratas ar luacháil, ar mheastachán, no ar ráiteas i dtaobh éinní áirithe bhaineann leis na téarmaí sin do shocrú agus féadfaidh chuige sin socrú na dtéarmaí sin do chur ar athló.
(2) Ar fháil iarratais fén alt so dho, cuirfidh an Coimisinéir sin fé ndeár an luacháil, an meastachán, no an ráiteas san a bheidh luaidhte san iarratas san d'ullamhú agus do chur chun na Cúirte maraon le cuntas ar an táille, agus í áirmhithe do réir rialachán do rinne an tAire Airgid, is iníoctha air.
(3) Beidh páirtí ar bith le n-a mbaineann i dteideal cóip de luacháil, de mheastachán, no de ráiteas do bhéarfaidh an Coimisinéir sin don Chúirt do réir an ailt seo d'fháil ón gclárthóir contae ach íoc aiste do réir an ráta bheidh inéilithe do réir dlí de thurus na huaire ar chóipeanna de scríbhinní do gheibhtear ón Oifig Cúirte Cuarda.
(4) An táille is iníoctha fén alt so ar luacháil, ar mheastachán, no ar ráiteas a chuirfidh an Coimisinéir sin chun na Cúirte do réir an ailt seo, isé duine no daoine ar a mbeidh a muirear agus íocfaidh leis an gclárathóir contae í ná pé páirtí no pé páirtithe, agus i pé cionúireachtaí, ordóidh an Chúirt agus déanfaidh an clárathóir contae í d'íoc isteach sa Stát-Chiste no í do chur chun tairbhe dho i pé slí ordóidh an tAire Airgid.
(5) Má cuirtear iarratas fén alt so chun an Choimisineura san ar iarratas páirtí, ansan, nuair a bheidh an Chúirt ag socrú téarmaí léasa fhrith-dhílse féachfa sí don luacháil, don mheastachán no don ráiteas do thug an Coimisinéir sin uaidh.
Srianta leis an gceart chun léasa fhrithdhílse.
50.—(1) Má rinne an té do gheibheann an cíos do cuireadh ar cosnamh le léas tógála léas frith-dhílse ar an talamh no ar aon chuid den talamh sa léas tógála san do thabhairt uaidh roimh an 31adh lá de Mhárta, 1931, no má rinne sé, do réir chó-aontuithe infheidhmithe do rinneadh roimh an 31adh lá de Mhárta, 1931, léas frith-dhílse ar an talamh no ar aon chuid den talamh sa léas tógála san do thabhairt uaidh an 31adh lá de Mhárta, 1931, no dá éis sin, ní bheidh éinne i dteideal léasa fhrith-dhílse ar an talamh ná ar aon chuid den talamh sa léas frith-dhílse sin do rinneadh amhlaidh d'fháil fén gCuid seo den Acht so.
(2) Má deintear, tar éis an Achta so do rith, léas (dá ngairmtear an léas frith-dhílse reachtúil san alt so) ar aon talamh do thabhairt i bhfuirm léasa fhrith-dhílse do léas tógála, agus gurb é duine thabharfaidh an léas san uaidh ná duine ar a mbeidh sé de cheangal, fén gCuid seo den Acht so, léas ar an talamh san i bhfuirm léasa fhrith-dhílse don léas tógála san do thabhairt uaidh agus gurb é duine gheobhaidh an léas san ná duine ag a mbeidh teideal (tar éis toilithe no gan toiliú duine eile d'fháil) an léas san d'fháil fén gCuid seo den Acht so, beidh na léasanna so leanas gan bhrí gan éifeacht, sé sin le rá, gach léas—
(a) a tabharfar tar éis an Achta so do rith, pe'ca roimh an léas frith-dhílse reachtúil do thabhairt no dá éis sin a tabharfar é, agus
(b) in a mbeidh an talamh no an chuid den talamh a bheidh san léas frith-dhílse reachtúil, agus
(c) a tugtar i bhfuirm léasa fhrith-dhílse don léas tógála san, agus
(d) gurb é thabharfaidh uaidh é ná duine ar a mbeidh sé de cheangal fen gCuid seo den Acht so léas frith-dhílse ar an talamh sa léas tógála san do thabhairt uaidh, agus
(e) gurb é gheobhaidh é ná duine ná fuil i dteideal léasa fhrith-dhílse ar an talamh ná ar aon chuid den talamh atá sa léas frith-dhílse reachtúil d'fháil fén gCuid seo den Acht so no (agus é i dteideal an léasa fhrithdhílse sin d'fháil amhlaidh ach toilithe an duine dar tugadh an léas frith-dhílse reachtúil do bheith aige) ná fuair an toiliú san.
(3) Ní bheidh duine ar bith i dteideal léasa fhrith-dhílse d'fháil fén gCuid seo den Acht so ar an talamh ná ar aon chuid den talamh i léas tógála má dheineann an té do gheibheann an cíos do cuireadh ar cosnamh leis an léas tógála san a chur ina luighe ar an gCúirt—
(a) go bhfuil sé ar aigne bona fide no gur chó-aontuigh sé iomlán na foirginte ar an talamh sa léas tógála san no cuid mhaith di do leagadh agus d'ath-thógáil no d'athdhéanamh; no
(b) go dteastuíonn uaidh seilbh an tailimh sin, agus é folamh, d'fháil chun scéime feabhsuithe mhaoine gur cuid di an talamh san do chur i bhfeidhm; no
(c) ar réasún ar bith, ná beadh sé do réir dea-bhainistí estáit an léas frith-dhílse sin do dheonadh.
(4) Más rud é, ar fhoras dá luaidhtear i mír (a) no i mír (b) den fho-alt deiridh sin roimhe seo den alt so, go ndiúltófar d'iarratas ar léas frith-dhílse fén gCuid seo den Acht so agus ná déanfaidh an té bheidh ag cur i gcoinnibh an iarratais sin ar an bhforas san, laistigh d'aimsir réasúnta, an aigne, an có-aontú, no an rún (pe'ca aca é) do chur i bhfeidhm gur mar gheall air do diúltadh don iarratas san, beidh an duine sin ciontach i ndísbeagadh Cúirte agus beidh sé inphionósuithe dá réir sin.
Cearta foléasaithe i gcás deireadh do chur le léas tógála tré dhíshealbhú no tré ath-iontráil.
51.—Má cuirtear deireadh le léas tógála (sara ragha sé in éag tré imeacht aimsire) tré dhí-shealbhú mar gheall ar gan cíos d'íoc, ar chumhnant do bhriseadh no ar éinní eile no tríd an léasóir d'fheidhmiú comhachta ath-iontrálta mar gheall ar chumhnant no coinníoll sa léas tógála san do bhriseadh, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) ní chuirfidh an dí-shealbhú ná an ath-iontráil sin deireadh le haon fho-léas atá ar an talamh no ar aon chuid den talamh sa léas tógála san agus atá in fho-léas díreach fén léas tógála san agus fós in a léas dílse;
(b) an duine thiocfadh mara mbeadh an t-alt so chun bheith i dteideal, de bhuadh an dí-shealbhuithe no na hathiontrála san, seilbhe an tailimh sa bhfo-léas san tiocfa sé chun bheith agus beidh sé i dteideal na frith-dhílse ar an bhfo-léas san agus i dteideal sochair an chíosa a cuireadh ar cosnamh leis an bhfo-léas san agus na gcumhnant agus na gcoinníoll atá sa bhfo-léas san;
(c) tiocfaidh an fo-léas san chun bheith agus beidh sé ina léas tógála do réir bhrí an Coda so den Acht so agus bainfidh an Chuid seo den Acht so leis dá réir sin.
Iarrataisí do chur fé bhráid na Cúirte.
52.—Má eiríonn aon aighneas, ceist, no deacracht maidir le ceart duine ar bith chun léasa fhrith-dhílse fén gCuid seo den Acht so, maidir leis na téarmaí ar a ndeonfar an léas san, no maidir le héinní eile bhaineann leis an léas san do dheonadh, féadfaidh aon pháirtí le n-a mbaineann iarratas do chur fé bhráid na Cúirte agus féadfaidh an Chúirt pé ordú do dhéanamh is gá do réir chirt agus féadfaidh go sonnrách a shocrú cadiad na téarmaí ar a ndeonfar an léas san.
Ceart ag léasaí frith-dhílse leanúint i seilbh.
53.—Má deontar léas frith-dhílse fén gCuid seo den Acht so, roimh dhul in éag don léas tógála dá mbeidh sé frith-dhílseach, do dhuine bheidh i ngabháltaíocht na talmhan a bheidh sa léas frithdhílse sin mar fho-thionónta (díreach no nea-dhíreach) don léasaí fén léas tógála san, beidh an duine sin i dteideal leanúint i ngabháltaíocht na talmhan san o dhul in éag don fho-thionóntacht san aige go dul in éag don léas tógála san agus ar feadh ré na gabháltaíochta san tuigfear gur tionónta é, ar théarmaí na fo-thionóntachta san (sa mhéid go mbainfidh leis an gcás), don té do bheadh de thurus na huaire i dteideal bheith i seilbh agus i ngabháltaíocht na talmhan san mara mbeadh an t-alt so.
Daoine fé cheangal léas frith-dhílse do dheonadh.
54.—(1) Má bhíonn duine i dteideal fén gCuid seo den Acht so léas frith-dhílse d'fháil ón té (dá ngairmtear an léasóir tógála san alt so) do gheibheann an cíos do cuireadh ar cosnamh le léas tógála, beidh ar an léasóir tógála an léas frith-dhílse sin do dheonadh don duine sin.
(2) Má sé cuma go mbeidh seilbh ag léasóir tógála ar an talamh go gceanglann an Chuid seo den Acht so air léas frith-dhílse air do dheonadh ná fé léas ar feadh téarma is giorra ná an téarma gur ina aghaidh a deonfar an léas frith-dhílse sin, beidh ar ghar thiarna tighe an léasóra thógála agus ar pé tiarnaí tighe uachtaracha is gá (más gá éinne acu) bheith páirteach sa léas fhrithdhílse sin do dheonadh.
(3) Más rud é, maidir le duine go gceanglann an t-alt so air léas frith-dhílse do dheonadh no bheith páirteach ina dheonadh nách féidir dó do réir dlí an léas frith-dhílse sin do dheonadh ná bheith páirteach ina dheonadh (pe'ca aca é), toisc gur iontaobhaí é no ionadaí pearsanta no duine eile go gcomhacht iontaobhaí no toisc gur mion-aoiseach é no toisc gan ach estát le n-a shaol no do shliocht áirithe no estát teoranta eile do bheith aige no toisc cumhnanta sriantacha do bheith sa léas fé n-a mbeidh seilbh aige, féadfaidh an Chúirt le hordú, ar iarratas páirtí ar bith le n-a mbaineann, comhacht do thabhairt don duine sin an léas frithdhílse sin do dheonadh no bheith páirteach ina dheonadh (pe'ca aca é).
(4) Más rud é, maidir le duine go gceanglann an t-alt so air léas frith-dhílse do dheonadh no bheith páirteach ina dheonadh, gur mion-aoiseach an duine sin no gur duine é nách slán meabhair no nách féidir é d'fháil, no go ndiúltóidh sé don léas san do chríochnú no go dteipfidh san air, féadfaidh an Chúirt, ar iarratas duine ar bith le n-a mbaineann, oifigeach don Chúirt do cheapadh chun an léasa san do chríochnú thar ceann agus in ainm an té ar a mbeidh an ceangal san agus leis sin beidh críochnú an léasa fhrith-dhílse sin ag an oifigeach san thar ceann agus in ainm an duine sin chó héifeachtúil chun gach críche is dá mb'é an duine sin féin do chríochnódh é.
CUID VI.
Cumhnanta i Leasanna.
Damáiste mar gheall ar chumhnanta deisiúcháin do bhriseadh.
55.—Má bhíonn i léas tionóntacháin (pe'ca roimh an Acht so do rith do rinneadh é no dá éis sin) cumhnant no có-aontú (follus no foluithe, generálta no áirithe), i bpáirt an léasaí, an tionóntachán san do dheisiú no do choimeád deisithe i rith no ar feadh ré an léasa san no an tionóntachán san d'fhágaint no do chur ar staid deisithe ar dhul in éag don léas san agus go mbrisfear an cumhnant no an có-aontú san, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) ní raghaidh an damáiste is ionbhainte amach mar gheall ar an mbriseadh sin in aon chás thar méid an luigheaduithe (más ann do) do chuaidh ar luach na frithdhílse (díreach no nea-dhíreach) sa tionóntachán san de dheascaibh an bhriste sin;
(b) lasmuich de chás ina dtaisbeánfar gurb é fé ndeár an ceal deisiúcháin no cuid mhaith de ná damáiste toiliúil no diomailt toiliúil do rinne an léasaí ní féadfar damáiste ar bith do bhaint amach i dtaobh an bhriste sin má taisbeántar nách féidir in aon chor, mar gheall ar aois agus staid an tionóntacháin sin, é do dheisiú do réir an chumhnanta no an chó-aontuithe sin no, mar gheall ar aois, staid, cineál agus suidheamh an tionóntacháin sin, go mbeadh costas a dheisithe do réir an chumhnanta no an chó-aontuithe sin ró-mhór i gcomórtas le luach an tionóntacháin sin no, mar gheall ar chineál agus suidheamh an tionóntacháin sin, nárbh fhéidir an tionóntachán san d'úsáid i slí thairbheach ar bheith deisithe dho amhlaidh no nárbh fhéidir é d'úsáid i slí thairbheach gan cuid mhaith de d'ath-thógáil no d'ath-dhéanamh no d'atharú ina dhéanmhas.
Cumhnanta i gcoinnibh aistrithe.
56.—(1) Gach léas tionóntacháin (pe'ca roimh an Acht so do rith do rinneadh é no dá éis sin) ina mbeidh cumhnant, coinníoll, no có-aontú chuireann cosc ar fad no chuireann srian leis an tionóntachán san d'aistriú, go generálta no ar aon tslí áirithe, beidh éifeacht aige fé is dá mb'ionann an cumhnant, an cionníoll, no an có-aontú san agus cumhnant, coinníoll, no có-aontú do chuirfeadh cosc no do chuirfeadh srian (pe'ca aca é) leis an tionóntachán san d'aistriú, go generálta no ar aon tslí áirithe, gan ceadúnas no toiliú an léasóra.
(2) I ngach léas tionóntacháin (pe'ca roimh an Acht so do rith do rinneadh é no dá éis sin) ina mbeidh, no as ar tuigthe de bhuadh an Achta do ritheadh an 5adh lá de Bhealtaine 1826 ag Páirlimint na Ríochta Aontuithe do bhí ann le déanaí agus dar teideal “an Act to amend the Law of Ireland respecting the assignment and sub-letting of Lands and Tenements” no de bhuadh an fho-ailt sin roimhe seo den alt so, cumhnant, coinníoll, no có-aontú chuireann cosc no chuireann srian leis an tionóntachán san d'aistriú, go generálta no ar aon tslí áirithe, gan ceadúnas no toiliú an léasóra tuigfear, d'ainneoin aon fhorála adeir a mhalairt go follus, go bhfuil an cumhnant, an coinníoll, no an có-aontú san—
(a) fé réir provísó ná coimeádfar siar an ceadúnas no an toiliú san go mí-réasúnta, ach ní choiscfidh an provísó so ar an léasóir a dhéanamh riachtanach suim réasúnta d'íoc ar scór costaisí dlí no eile fé n-a ragha sé agus a bhainfidh leis an gceadúnas no leis an toiliú san; agus
(b) más breis is dachad bliain is téarma don léas san agus más foirgintí do thógáil no breis mhór do chur leo no feabhsú no atharú mór do chur ortha an chomaoine no cuid den chomaoine ar a ndearnadh an léas san, fé réir provísó sa chéill seo, eadhon, má deintear aon aistriú ar an tionóntachán san, contrárdha don chumhnant, don choinníoll, no don chó-aontú san, breis is seacht mbliana roimh dheireadh an téarma san, nách gá aon cheadúnas ná toiliú den tsórt san má tugtar fógra i scríbhinn i dtaobh an aistrithe sin don léasóir laistigh de mhí tar éis an aistrithe do dhéanamh; agus
(c) más rud é go dtiocfadh as an aistriú san aon rátaí, cánacha, no ualach eile d'aistriú chun an léasóra no do mhéadú air, fé réir provísó go ndéanfaidh an léasaí gach caiteachas fé n-a raghaidh an léasóir de bhíthin an aistrithe ualaigh no an mhéaduithe ualaigh sin do chúiteamh leis an léasóir fé mar agus nuair a ragha sé fé agus go bhféadfaidh an léasóir é do bhaint den léasaí mar chíos fén léas san.
Cumhnanta chuireann srian le húsáid.
57.—(1) Gach léas tionóntacháin (pe'ca roimh an Acht so do rith do rinneadh é no dá éis sin) ina mbeidh cumhnant, coinníoll, no có-aontú thoirmeascann ar fad úsáid an tionóntacháin sin d'atharú beidh éifeacht aige fé is dá mb'ionann an cumhnant, an coinníoll, no an có-aontú san agus cumhnant, coinníoll, no có-aontú do thoirmeascfadh úsáid an tionóntacháin sin d'atharú gan ceadúnas no toiliú an léasóra.
(2) I ngach léas tionóntacháin (pe'ca roimh an Acht so do rith do rinneadh é no dá éis sin) ina mbeidh cumhnant, coinníoll, no có-aontú thoirmeascann go follus no de bhuadh an fho-ailt sin roimhe seo den alt so úsáid an tionóntacháin sin d'atharú gan ceadúnas no toiliú an léasóra tuigfear, d'ainneoin aon fhorála adeir a mhalairt go follus, go bhfuil an cumhnant, an coinníoll, no an có-aontú san—
(a) fé réir provísó sa chéill ná coimeádfar siar an ceadúnas no an toiliú san go mí-réasúnta, ach ní choiscfidh an provísó so ar an léasóir a dhéanamh riachtanach suim réasúnta d'íoc ar scór costaisí dlí no eile fé n-a ragha sé agus a bhainfidh leis an gceadúnas no leis an toiliú san; agus
(b) maran gá, de dhruim an atharuithe, aon atharú do dhéanamh ar dhéanmhas an tionóntacháin, fé réir provísó ná beidh aon fhíneáil ná suim airgid i bhfuirm fíneála (seachas aon tsuim a húdaruítear leis an alt so) ná aon mhéadú cíosa iníoctha as an gceadúnas no as an toiliú san ná mar gheall air; agus
(c) más rud é go dtiocfadh as an atharú aon rátaí, cánacha, no ualach eile d'aistriú chun an léasóra no do mhéadú air, fé réir provísó go ndéanfaidh an léasaí gach caiteachas fé n-a raghaidh an léasóir de bhíthin an aistrithe ualaigh no an mhéaduithe ualaigh sin do chúiteamh leis an léasóir fé mar agus nuair a ragha sé fé agus go bhféadfaidh an léasóir é do bhaint den léasaí mar chíos fén léas san.
Cumhnanta i gcoinnibh feabhsuithe do dhéanamh.
58.—(1) Gach léas tionóntacháin (pe'ca roimh an Acht so do rith do rinneadh é no dá éis sin) ina mbeidh cumhnant, coinníoll, no có-aontú thoirmeascann ar fad feabhsú ar bith do dhéanamh ar an tionóntachán san beidh éifeacht aige fé is dá mb'ionann an cumhnant, an coinníoll, no an có-aontú san agus cumhnant, coinníoll, no có-aontú do thoirmeascfadh an feabhsú san do dhéanamh gan ceadúnas no toiliú an léasóra.
(2) I ngach léas tionóntacháin (pe'ca roimh an Acht so do rith do rinneadh é no dá éis sin) ina mbeidh cumhnant, coinníoll, no có-aontú thoirmeascann, go follus no de bhuadh an fho-ailt sin roimhe seo den alt so, feabhsú ar bith do dhéanamh ar an tionóntachán san gan ceadúnas no toiliú an léasóra, beidh an cumhnant, an coinníoll, no an có-aòntú san, d'ainneoin aon fhorála adeir a mhalairt go follus, fé réir provísó ná coimeádfar siar an ceadúnas no an toiliú san go mí-réasúnta ach ní choiscfidh an provísó so ar an léasóir a dhéanamh riachtanach suim réasúnta d'íoc ar scór costaisí dlí no eile fé n-a ragha sé agus a bhainfidh leis an gceadúnas no leis an toiliú san.
Toil léasóra nách féidir a fháil.
59.—Má bhíonn i léas tionóntacháin (pe'ca roimh an Acht so do rith do rinneadh é no dá éis sin) cumhnant, coinníoll no có-aontú a chuireann cosc no a chuireann srian ar an léasaí éinní áirithe do dhéanamh gan ceadúnas no toiliú an léasóra, agus nár deineadh an cíos a cuireadh ar cosnamh leis an léas san d'íoc le cúig bliana no níos mó, agus ná beidh aithne ag an léasaí ar an léasóir agus nách féidir leis é fháil, féadfaidh an Chúirt, ar iarratas an léasaí agus tar éis pé fógráin (más aon cheann é) d'fhoillsiú ordóidh an Chúirt agus más dóich leis an gCúirt, ag féachaint do gach a mbaineann leis an scéal, gur ceart san do dhéanamh, a údarú don léasaí, fé réir pé coinníoll (más aon cheann é) is oiriúnach leis an gCúirt a fhorchur, an ní áirithe do dhéanamh le n-a gcuireann an cumhnant, an coinníoll no an có-aontú san cosc no srian amhlaidh, agus leis sin beidh sé dleathach don léasaí an ní áirithe sin do dhéanamh gan ceadúnas ná toiliú an léasóra, ach fé réir agus do réir na gcoinníoll (más aon cheann é) fhorchuirfidh an Chúirt.
CUID VII.
Ilghneitheach.
An Chúirt do dheonadh léasanna tógála.
60.—(1) Duine ar bith (dá ngairmtear an t-iarratasóir san alt so) gur mian leis léas tógála d'fháil ar thalamh (dá ngairmtear an talamh tógála anso feasta) atá suidhte i líomatáiste baile agus go mbeidh an toiliú luaidhtear anso ina dhiaidh seo faighte aige no a saorfar anso ina dhiaidh seo o n-a bheith air toiliú ar bith d'fháil, féadfaidh léas tógála fén alt so ar an talamh san d'iarraidh ar an gCúirt.
(2) Isé toiliú is gá do réir an fho-ailt sin roimhe seo den alt so don iarratasóir d'fháil ná—
(a) más seilbh i mbith-dhílse no seilbh feirm-dhílse bheidh ag sealbhaire na talmhan tógála ar an talamh tógála no seilbh fé léas ar feadh saoil no saolta bheidh ann (agus go dtéarma no gan téarma blian) no fé léas ar feadh téarma go mbeidh deich mbliana ar a laighead gan caitheamh fós de an lá déanfar an t-iarratas fén alt so, toiliú an tsealbhaire sin i scríbhinn; no
(b) más seilbh ar feadh téarma gur lugha ná deich mbliana bheidh gan caitheamh fós de an lá san a bheidh ag sealbhaire na talmhan tógála ar an talamh tógála (pe'ca isé féin an t-iarratasóir no nách é) no seilbh fé thionóntacht bhliantúil no fé aon tionóntacht is lugha ná san, toiliú i scríbhinn ón té bheidh de thurus na huaire i seilbh an leasa is ísle sa talamh tógála is leor chun neartuithe le léas céad go leith blian do dheonadh an lá san.
(3) Beidh an t-iarratasóir saor o n-a bheith air an toiliú luaidhtear sa chéad fho-alt den alt so d'fháil má sé féin sealbhaire na talmhan tógála agus gur fé léas go mbeidh deich mbliana ar a luighead gan caitheamh fós de an lá déanfar an t-iarratas fén alt so bheidh seilbh aige ar an talamh tógála.
(4) Beidh sa bhfógra iarratais no sa scríbhinn eile le n-a gcuirfear iarratas fé bhráid na Cúirte fén alt so ráiteas ar chineál ghenerálta agus ar líon na bhfoirgintí bheidh beartuithe le tógáil fén léas tógála bheidh á iarraidh san iarratas san.
(5) Má cuirtear iarratas fé bhráid na Cúirte fén alt so, ní foláir don Chúirt bheith sásta, sara dtéighidh ar aghaidh leis an iarratas san d'éisteacht, go bhfuil fógra i dtaobh an iarratais faighte ag gach páirtí is gá, agus chuige sin féadfaidh an Chúirt a ordú go ndéanfaí pé fiosrú agus go seirbheálfaí pé fógraí is dóich léi is ceart agus féadfaidh go sonnrách a ordú gur tré fhógrán a seirbheálfaí aon fhógra den tsórt san.
(6) Más rud é, ar éisteacht iarratais fén alt so, go mbeidh an Chúirt sásta, ag féachaint do gach a mbaineann leis an gcás, go mbeidh sé ceart agus réasúnta léas tógála ar an talamh tógála no ar aon chuid de do thabhairt don iarratasóir fén alt so, féadfaidh an Chúirt a ordú go dtabharfaí an léas tógála san dá réir sin.
(7) Beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas maidir le gach léas tógála tabharfar fén alt so, sé sin le rá:—
(a) isé téarma an léasa san ná pé téarma, nách sia ná céad go leith bliain, ordóidh an Chúirt, agus tosnóidh an téarma san ar pé dáta shocróidh an Chúirt;
(b) déanfar leis an léas san pé cíos no cíosanna ordóidh an Chúirt do chur ar cosnamh do pé daoine ordóidh an Chúirt;
(c) má orduíonn an Chúirt amhlaidh, déarfar sa léas san gur léas maraon le sreath de léasanna frith-dhílse é;
(d) beidh sa léas san pé cumhnanta agus coinníollacha (ar a n-áirmhítear cumhnant, i bpáirt an léasaí, foirgint no foirgintí do thógáil san áitreabh aistrithe do réir pleananna le n-a n-aontóidh an léasóir, no an Chúirt, no le n-a n-aontófar ar shlí eile) ordóidh an Chúirt;
(e) isiad a bheidh mar pháirtithe sa léas san ná pé daoine ordóidh an Chúirt;
(f) isí an Chúirt a shocróidh dréacht an léasa san agus a aontóidh leis;
(g) féadfaidh an Chúirt a údarú críochnú an léasa san do chur ar athló go dtí go mbeidh an fhoirgint no na foirgintí no cuid áirithe den chéanna críochnuithe.
(8) Más rud é, maidir le duine go n-ordóidh an Chúirt do bheith ina pháirtí i léas tógála fén alt so, nách féidir dó do réir dlí bheith ina pháirtí sa léas san chun na gcrícheanna ordóidh an Chúirt toisc gur iontaobhaí é no ionadaí pearsanta no duine eile go gcomhacht iontaobhaí no toisc gur mion-aoiseach é no toisc gan ach estát le n-a shaol no do shliocht áirithe no estát teoranta eile do bheith aige no toisc cumhnanta sriantacha do bheith sa léas fé n-a mbeidh seilbh na talmhan tógála aige, féadfaidh an Chúirt, le hordú, comhacht do thabhairt don duine sin bheith ina pháirtí sa léas san chun na gcrícheanna san agus an léas san do chríochnú dá réir sin.
(9) Más rud é, maidir le duine go n-ordóidh an Chúirt do bheith ina pháirtí i léas tógála fén alt so, gur mion-aoiseach an duine sin no gur duine é nách slán meabhair no nách féidir é d'fháil, no go ndiúltóidh sé don léas san do chríochnú no go dteipfidh san air, féadfaidh an Chúirt oifigeach don Chúirt do cheapadh chun an léasa san do chríochnú thar ceann agus in ainm an duine sin agus leis sin beidh críochnú an léasa san ag an oifigeach san thar ceann agus in ainm an duine sin chó héifeachtúil chun gach críche is dá mb'é an duine sin féin do chríochnódh é.
(10) Chun crícheanna agus i gcúrsaí léasa thógála fén alt so féadfaidh an Chúirt, más oiriúnach léi é, a ordú go ndéanfaí in éamais toilithe no aontuithe na muintire is iontaobhaithe chun crícheanna na Settled Land Acts, 1882 to 1890, d'aon tsocrú, pe'ca bheidh aon iontaobhaithe den tsórt san ann no ná beidh.
(11) Mara n-orduighidh an Chúirt a mhalairt ar chúis speisialta is ar an iarratasóir a bheidh agus isé íocfaidh gach costas i dtaobh iarratais do chur fé bhráid na Cúirte fén alt so no bhainfidh leis sin agus i dtaobh an léasa thógála (más ann do) tabharfar do réir an iarratais sin d'ullamhú agus do chríochnú no bhainfidh leis sin.
(12) Ní bhainfidh an t-alt so le haon talamh atá dílsithe in údarás áitiúil no in údarás puiblí ar bith no atá i seilbh ar iontaoibh acu (ar aon tslí eile seachas mar thionóntaithe ann) chun crícheanna a gcomhacht agus a ndualgas mar údarás den tsórt san no atá i seilbh aon chorporáide chun crícheanna bóthair iarainn, trambhealaigh, duga, canáile, uisce, geas, leictreachais no gnótha puiblí eile.
Ceart chun caiteachais do chur i gcoinnibh cíosa i gcásanna áirithe.
61.—(1) Má theipeann ar thiarna tighe tionóntacháin no má leigeann i bhfaillí deisiú do dhéanamh ar an tionóntachán san a bheidh ceangailte air, do réir chumhnanta no chó-aontuithe no ar aon tslí eile do réir dlí, a dhéanamh agus d'iarr tionónta an tionóntacháin sin air do dhéanamh agus go ndéanfaidh an tionónta san an deisiú san ar a chostas féin, féadfaidh an tionónta san—
(a) má bhíonn an méid do chaith sé ar dhéanamh an deisithe sin có-ionann le méid an chéad ghála eile de chíos an tionóntacháin sin a thiocfaidh chun bheith dlite tar éis an chaiteachais sin no má bhíonn sé níos lugha ná san, an méid do caitheadh amhlaidh do chur, chó fada is ragha sé, i gcoinnibh an ghála chíosa san, no
(b) más mó an méid do chaith an tionónta san amhlaidh ná méid an ghála chíosa san, an méid do caitheadh amhlaidh do chur i gcoinnibh an ghála chíosa san agus gach gála ina dhiaidh sin den chíos san go dtí go mbeidh an méid do caitheadh amhlaidh aisíoctha leis an tionónta san tríd an gcur-i-gcoinnibh sin.
(2) Má deintear fén alt so suim chaiteachais do chur i gcoinnibh iomláine gála cíosa no coda dhe, ansan, ar fháil fianaise dho ar an suim do cuireadh i gcoinnibh an chíosa amhlaidh do bheith caithte beidh sé de cheangal ar an tiarna tighe bheidh i dteideal an chíosa san d'fháil admháil do thabhairt ar an ngála cíosa san den tsórt do bheadh de cheangal air do thabhairt uaidh dá mba in airgead d'íocfaí an gála san no iomlán an ghála san.
Alt 6 den Settled Land Act, 1882, do leasú.
62.—Déanfar na comhachta, chun léasanna tógála do dheonadh, a bronntar le halt 6 den Settled Land Act, 1882, ar thionónta le n-a shaol do leathnú, i gcás talmhan atá suidhte i líomatáiste baile, i dtreo go mbeidh sé údaruithe léasanna tógála ar an talamh san ar feadh téarma ar bith nách sia ná céad go leith bliain do dheonadh.
Fograí do sheirbheáil.
63.—(1) Aon fhógra no scríbhinn eile dheineann an tAcht so a cheangal ar thionónta no a údarú dho a sheirbheáil ar a thiarna tighe féadfar é sheirbheáil amhlaidh tré n-a chur tríd an bpost roimh-íoctha chun an té le n-a n-íocann an tionónta san cíos an tionóntacháin le n-a mbaineann an fógra no an scríbhinn sin, fé sheoladh na háite ina n-íocann no chun a gcuireann an cíos san.
(2) Aon fhógra no scríbhinn eile dheineann an tAcht so a cheangal no a údarú a sheirbheáil ar thionónta féadfar é sheirbheáil amhlaidh tré n-a chur tríd an bpost roimh-íoctha chun an tionónta san fé sheoladh an tionóntacháin le n-a mbaineann an fógra no an scríbhinn sin.
Number 55 of 1931.
LANDLORD AND TENANT ACT, 1931.
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
Preliminary and General.
Section | |
Exclusion of certain lands and premises held by local authorities. | |
Tenancies under the Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest (Restrictions) Acts. | |
Compensation for Improvements.
Right to New Tenancy.
General Provisions in Relation to Relief Under Foregoing Parts of this Act.
Assistance of the Court by the Commissioner of Valuation under Part IV. | |
Special Provision in Relation to Building Leases.
Assistance of the Court by the Commissioner of Valuation under Part V. | |
Rights of sub-lessees where building lease is terminated by ejectment or re-entry. | |
Covenants in Leases.
Miscellaneous.
Act Referred to | |
No. 10 of 1924 | |
Number 55 of 1931.
LANDLORD AND TENANT ACT, 1931.
PART I.
Preliminary and general.
Short title.
1.—This Act may be cited as the Landlord and Tenant Act, 1931.
Definitions.
2.—In this Act—
the word “tenement” means land or premises complying with all the following conditions, that is to say:—
(a) it either—
(i) is situate in an urban area and consists either of land covered wholly or partly by buildings or of a defined portion of a building, or
(ii) is situate elsewhere than in an urban area and consists of land not exceeding one statute acre in area and having a house thereon, and
(b) if it consists of land covered in part only by buildings, the portion of such land not so covered is subsidiary and ancillary to such buildings, and
(c) it is held by the occupier thereof under a lease or other contract of tenancy express or implied or arising by virtue of a statute, and
(d) such contract of tenancy is not a letting which is made and expressed to be made for the temporary convenience of the lessor or of the lessee and (if made after the passing of this Act) stating the nature of such temporary convenience, and
(e) such contract of tenancy is not a letting made for or dependent on the continuance of the tenant in any office, employment, or appointment;
the expression “urban area” means an area which is either a county or other borough, an urban district, a town, or a village;
the word “tenant” means the person for the time being entitled to the occupation of a tenement and, where the context so admits, includes a person who has ceased to be entitled to such occupation by reason of the termination of his tenancy;
the word “landlord” means the person for the time being entitled to receive (otherwise than as agent for another person) the rent paid in respect of a tenement by the tenant thereof and, where the context so admits, includes a person who has ceased to be so entitled by reason of the termination of his tenancy;
the expression “superior landlord” means a person entitled in possession to a tenement by a tenure superior, whether mediately or immediately, to the tenure of the landlord of such tenement;
the expression “predecessors in title” when used in relation to a tenant means and includes all previous tenants of the tenement of such tenant under the same tenancy as such tenant or any tenancy of which such tenancy is or is deemed to be a continuation or renewal, and the said expression when used in relation to a landlord means and includes all previous landlords of the tenement of such landlord;
the word “lease” means an instrument in writing, whether under or not under seal, containing a contract of tenancy in respect of any land in consideration of a rent or return and shall include a fee farm grant;
the word “lessee” shall, where the context so admits, be construed as including the executors, administrators, and assigns of the lessee;
the word “lessor” shall, where the context so admits, be construed as including the heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns of the lessor;
the word “improvement” when used in relation to a tenement means any addition or alteration to the buildings comprised in such tenement and includes any structure erected on such tenement which is ancillary or subsidiary to the said buildings and also includes the installation in the tenement of conduits for the supply of water, gas, or electricity, but does not include work consisting only of repairing, painting, and decorating, or any of them;
the word “business” means any trade, profession, or business carried on for gain or reward;
the expression “compensation under this Act” shall be construed as equivalent to the expression “compensation for improvements and compensation for disturbance or either of them”;
the expression “relief under this Act” shall be construed as equivalent to the expression “compensation for improvements or a new tenancy under Part III of this Act”;
the word “prescribed” means prescribed by regulations made by the Minister for Justice under this Act;
except in Part V of this Act, the expression “building lease” means a lease made partly in consideration of the lessee having erected or agreed to erect permanent buildings, whether new or additional, on the demised premises.
Exclusion of certain lands and premises held by local authorities.
3.—Where the buildings on any land or premises were or are provided by a local authority under the Housing of the Working-Classes (Ireland) Acts, 1890 to 1921, or the Labourers (Ireland) Acts, 1883 to 1930, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) if such land or premises is or are held by such local authority in fee simple, this Act shall not apply in respect of such land or premises;
(b) if such land or premises is or are held by such local authority under a lease, such local authority shall be deemed for the purposes of this Act to be the tenant of such land or premises and to be in exclusive occupation thereof.
Construction of references to reversions.
4.—(1) References in this Act to the reversion of a landlord as a period of time shall be construed as referring to the length of time by which the unexpired term for which such landlord holds the relevant tenement exceeds the term for which the tenant holds such tenement.
(2) References in this Act to the reversion of a superior landlord as a period of time shall be construed as referring to the length of time by which the unexpired term for which such superior landlord holds the relevant tenement exceeds the term for which his immediate lessee holds such tenement.
The Court for the purposes of this Act.
5.—(1) In this Act the expression “the Court” means the Circuit Court.
(2) The jurisdiction conferred by this Act on the Circuit Court shall be exercised by the Judge of that Court for the time being assigned to the Circuit in which is situate the tenement or other land in relation to which such jurisdiction is exercised.
(3) The Minister may, after consultation with the committee mentioned in section 65 of the Courts of Justice Act, 1924 (No. 10 of 1924), make rules of court for the purposes of this Act and, in particular, for regulating the practice and procedure under this Act.
(4) Every rule of court made under this section shall be laid before each House of the Oireachtas as soon as may be after it is made, and if either such House shall, within the next twenty-one days on which such House has sat after such rule is laid before it, pass a resolution annulling such rule, such rule shall be annulled accordingly but without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done thereunder.
(5) Unless and until otherwise provided by rules of court, all applications under this Act to the Court shall be made by originating or interlocutory (as the case may require) notice of motion.
(6) Section 61 (which relates to appeals from the Circuit Court in civil cases) of the Courts of Justice Act, 1924 (No. 10 of 1924), shall apply to every order made by the Court under this Act and accordingly an appeal shall lie under and in accordance with that section from every such order, and a court hearing any such appeal shall have all the powers conferred by this Act on the Court.
Tenancies under the Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest (Restrictions) Acts.
6.—Where a person retains possession of a tenement by virtue of the Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest (Restrictions) Acts, 1923 to 1930, the tenancy arising by virtue of those Acts on such retention shall, for the purposes of this Act (whether such retention began before or after the passing of this Act), be deemed to be a continuation of the tenancy on the termination of which such retention began.
Regulations.
7.—The Minister for Justice after consultation with the President of the Incorporated Law Society of Ireland may by order make regulations prescribing any form, matter, or thing which is in this Act referred to as prescribed or to be prescribed.
Expenses.
8.—All expenses incurred by the Minister for Finance, the Minister for Justice, or the Commissioner of Valuation and Boundary Surveyor in the execution of this Act shall, to such extent as may be sanctioned by the Minister for Finance, be paid out of moneys provided by the Oireachtas.
Repeal.
9.—The Town Tenants (Ireland) Act, 1906, is hereby repealed.
PART II.
Compensation for Improvements.
Compensation for improvements.
10.—(1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, a tenant of a tenement shall be entitled, on quitting such tenement on the expiration (otherwise than by surrender or ejectment for nonpayment of rent) of his tenancy therein, to be paid by the landlord of such tenement compensation (in this Act referred to as compensation for improvements) in accordance with this Act for every improvement made on such tenement by such tenant or any of his predecessors in title (whether before or after the passing of this Act) which, at the termination of such tenancy, adds to the letting value and is suitable to the character of such tenement.
(2) Subject to the provisions of this Act, a landlord of a tenement who holds such tenement under a lease or other contract of tenancy shall be entitled, on giving up possession of such tenement on the expiration of his lease or tenancy therein, to be paid by his immediate superior landlord compensation (in this Act included in the expression compensation for improvements) for every improvement which was made (whether before or after the passing of this Act) on such tenement by a tenant thereof and in respect of which such landlord or any of his predecessors in title has given consideration either by reduction of rent, or by payment of compensation under the Town Tenants (Ireland) Act, 1906, or by payment of compensation for improvements under this Act, or in any other way.
Measure of compensation for improvements.
11.—(1) The amount of compensation for improvements in any particular case shall be such sum as may be agreed on between the landlord and the tenant and in default of such agreement shall (subject to the provisions of this section) be the capitalised value of such addition to the letting value of the tenement at the termination of the tenancy as the Court shall determine to be attributable to the improvement which is the subject of such compensation.
(2) Where the compensation for an improvement is payable to a tenant by his landlord and the Court is satisfied that such tenant and (where applicable) his predecessors in title or any of them has or have received from the landlord benefits by way of reduction of rent or otherwise in consideration, expressly or impliedly, of such improvement being or having been made, the Court shall deduct from the compensation for such improvement as ascertained under the foregoing sub-section of this section such sum as the Court shall think proper in respect of such benefits.
(3) Where the compensation for an improvement is payable to a landlord by his superior landlord, the Court shall make such deduction (if any) from such compensation as ascertained under the first sub-section of this section as the Court shall think proper in respect of benefits received by such landlord and (where applicable) his predecessors, in title or any of them by way of increased rent or otherwise on account of such improvement.
(4) The capitalised value for the purposes of this section of an addition to the letting value of a tenement shall be fixed by the Court having regard to the probable duration of such addition, the probable life of the improvement, and all other relevant circumstances, but shall not in any case exceed fifteen times the annual amount of such addition.
Notices in relation to the making of an improvement.
12.—(1) Where the tenant of a tenement proposes to make an improvement to such tenement he may serve on his landlord a notice (in this Act referred to as an improvement notice) in the prescribed form and consisting of the following documents, that is to say:—
(a) a statement in the prescribed form of the intention to make such improvement, and
(b) plans and a specification of such improvement, and
(c) an estimate, verified by an architect, surveyor or building contractor, of the cost of making such improvement.
(2) Where an improvement notice is served on the landlord of a tenement, such landlord may, within two months after such service, serve on the tenant of such tenement any one but not more than one of the following notices, that is to say:—
(a) a notice (in this Act referred to as an improvement consent) in the prescribed form consenting to the making of such improvement; or
(b) a notice (in this Act referred to as an improvement undertaking) in the prescribed form undertaking to execute such improvement in consideration of either (as such landlord shall state in such notice) a specified increase of rent or an increase of rent to be fixed by the Court; or
(c) a notice (in this Act referred to as an improvement objection) in the prescribed form objecting to such improvement on grounds specified in such notice.
(3) Where a landlord on whom an improvement notice has been served holds the tenement in relation to which such notice was served either under a lease for a life or lives in being (either without a term of years or with a concurrent term of which less than twenty-five years are unexpired) or under a lease for a term of which less than twenty-five years are unexpired at the date of the service of such notice or under a tenancy from year to year or any lesser tenancy, such landlord shall, within one month after the service of such improvement notice on him, serve such improvement notice or a copy thereof on his immediate superior landlord, and such immediate superior landlord may, within two months after the date of the service of such improvement notice by the tenant on the landlord, serve on the landlord and on the tenant either an improvement consent or an improvement objection.
(4) Every superior landlord on whom an improvement notice or a copy thereof is served under this section (including this sub-section) and who holds the tenement to which such notice relates under a lease of which less than twenty-five years are unexpired at the date of such service or under a tenancy from year to year or any lesser tenancy, shall within one week after such service serve such improvement notice (or such copy thereof) or a copy thereof on his next superior landlord, and such next superior landlord shall have the like right of serving an improvement consent or an improvement objection as such first-mentioned superior landlord has under this section (including this sub-section).
(5) Every improvement notice or copy of an improvement notice which is served under this section on a superior landlord shall have endorsed thereon a statement of the date on which such improvement notice was served on the landlord of the tenement to which such notice relates.
Works required by a sanitary authority.
13.—(1) Where a sanitary authority serves under the Public Health Acts, 1878 to 1931, or the Housing of the Working Classes (Ireland) Acts, 1890 to 1921, a notice on the tenant of a tenement requiring the execution by such tenant of any work which is an improvement within the meaning of this Act, such tenant shall, within three days after the service of such notice on him, serve on the landlord of such tenement a notice in writing (in this Act referred to as a sanitary work notice) stating the fact of the service of such notice by such sanitary authority and stating the material portions of such notice.
(2) Where a sanitary work notice is served on the landlord of a tenement such landlord may, within three days after such service, serve on the tenant of such tenement a notice (in this Act referred to as a sanitary work undertaking) in the prescribed form undertaking to execute such work in consideration of either (as such landlord shall state in such notice) a specified increase of rent or an increase of rent to be fixed by the Court.
(3) Whenever the landlord of a tenement has served under and in accordance with this section a sanitary work undertaking on the tenant of such tenement the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) the service of such undertaking shall have the same effect as the service on such tenant of an improvement undertaking, and the provisions of this Act in relation to an improvement undertaking shall apply accordingly; and
(b) such tenant may serve on the sanitary authority a copy of such sanitary work undertaking and thereupon the obligation to comply with the notice served by the sanitary authority and the liability for failure to comply with such notice shall be transferred to and become and be the obligation and liability of such landlord in exoneration of such tenant.
(4) Where a tenant has served a sanitary work notice on his landlord and such landlord has not, within three days after such service, served on such tenant a sanitary work undertaking in respect of such sanitary work notice, such tenant shall be entitled to execute as an improvement the work mentioned in the notice the service of which by the sanitary authority occasioned the service of such sanitary work notice.
Execution of improvement in absence of objection.
14.—(1) Where a tenant has served an improvement notice on his landlord and such landlord has not, within two months after such service, served on such tenant an improvement undertaking in respect of such improvement notice and neither such landlord nor any superior landlord has, within such two months, served on such tenant an improvement objection in respect of such improvement notice, the tenant shall be entitled to execute at any time within one year after such service (whether an improvement consent has or has not been served by such landlord or superior landlord) the improvement specified in such improvement notice in accordance in all respects with such notice.
(2) References in this Act to a tenant being entitled on consent to execute an improvement shall be construed as referring to such tenant being entitled under this section to execute such improvement.
Rights of parties on service of improvement undertaking.
15.—Where a tenant has served an improvement notice on his landlord and such landlord has, within two months after such service, served on such tenant an improvement undertaking in respect of such improvement notice and no superior landlord has within such two months, served on such tenant an improvement objection in respect of such improvement notice, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) such tenant may, by notice in writing served on such landlord within fourteen days after the service of such improvement undertaking, either accept such improvement undertaking, or withdraw the improvement notice served by him, or, where such improvement undertaking specifies an increase of rent, object to the amount of such increase;
(b) where such tenant does not within the said fourteen days serve any notice under the foregoing paragraph or such tenant duly accepts such improvement undertaking, such landlord shall, as soon as may be, and in any case not later than six months after the expiration of such fourteen days, execute and complete at his own expense and in accordance with such improvement undertaking the improvement mentioned therein and may for that purpose enter on the tenemcnt at all reasonable times and there do all things necessary for or incidental to the execution of such improvement;
(c) if such tenant duly withdraws in accordance with this section the improvement notice served by him, such notice shall for all purposes be deemed never to have been served;
(d) where such tenant duly objects in accordance with this section to the amount of the increase of rent specified in such improvement undertaking, then—
(i) such landlord and such tenant may either fix by agreement the amount of such increase of rent or agree that the amount of such increase of rent shall be fixed by the Court, and thereupon such improvement undertaking shall have effect in accordance with such agreement and be deemed to have been duly accepted in accordance with this section by such tenant, or
(ii) either such landlord or such tenant may apply to the Court and upon the hearing of such application the Court may, as it shall think proper, either fix the amount of such increase of rent or deem such improvement undertaking to be an improvement objection and deal with it accordingly or make such other order as justice may require;
(e) where such improvement undertaking is by its terms or by subsequent agreement, made subject to an increase of rent of an amount to be fixed by the Court, such landlord or such tenant may, when the improvement has been duly executed by such landlord, apply to the Court to fix the amount of such increase of rent and thereupon the Court shall fix such amount accordingly;
(f) upon the completion of such improvement by such landlord in accordance with such improvement undertaking and this section, the rent payable by such tenant to such landlord shall, as from the date of such completion, be increased in accordance with such undertaking or the order of the Court (as the case may be), and any dispute as to the amount or commencement of or otherwise in relation to such increase shall be determined by the Court on the application of such landlord or such tenant;
(g) where such landlord is bound under this section to execute the improvement in accordance with such improvement undertaking but fails or neglects to execute and complete such improvement within the time limited in that behalf by this section such tenant may apply to the Court and the Court may make such order in the matter as justice may require.
Rights of parties on service of improvement objection.
16.—(1) Where a tenant has served an improvement notice on his landlord and either such landlord or a superior landlord has, within two months after such service, served on such tenant an improvement objection in respect of such improvement notice, such tenant may save as is otherwise provided in this section, within one month after the service of such improvement objection, either—
(a) by notice in writing served on such landlord or on such landlord and such superior landlord (as the case may require) withdraw such improvement notice, or
(b) apply to the Court under this section.
(2) Where a tenant has served an improvement notice on his landlord and either such landlord or a superior landlord has, within two months after such service, served on such tenant an improvement objection in respect of such improvement notice, then, unless such tenant either holds the tenement to which such notices relate under a lease or other contract of tenancy granted for a term of more than five years or for a life or lives or such tenant and his predecessors in title have been in occupation of such tenement for more than five years, the said improvement objection shall be final and it shall not be lawful for such tenant to make the improvement which is the subject of such improvement objection.
(3) Where a tenant duly withdraws, in accordance with this section, an improvement notice, such notice shall for all purposes be deemed never to have been served.
(4) Where a tenant applies to the Court under this section and the Court is satisfied—
(a) that the improvement which is the subject of such application is of such character as to be calculated to add to the letting value of the tenement, and
(b) is suitable to the character of such tenement, and
(c) is not calculated to injure the amenity or convenience of the neighbourhood,
the Court may make an order (in this Act referred to as an improvement order) authorising such tenant to make such improvement in accordance with the said improvement notice either without modification or with such modifications as the Court shall think proper to specify in such order and, if the Court so thinks fit, specifying a time within which such improvement shall be completed.
(5) Where, on an application to the Court under this section, it appears that the improvement objection the subject of the application was served by a superior landlord and that the landlord duly served an improvement undertaking and the Court is satisfied that but for this sub-section an improvement order should be made, the Court may, in lieu of making an improvement order, authorise such landlord to execute the improvement in accordance with such improvement undertaking subject to such (if any) modifications as the Court may think proper to make in such undertaking.
(6) The court shall not make an improvement order until it is satisfied that all interested parties have notice of the proceedings.
(7) Where an improvement order has been made and the tenant fails or neglects to execute and complete in accordance with such order the improvement thereby authorised within the time limited in that behalf by such order or, where no such time is so limited, within a reasonable time, the landlord or any superior landlord may apply to the Court and on the hearing of such application the Court may make such order as justice may require.
Restrictions on right to compensation for improvements.
17.—(1) The tenant of a tenement to which the Town Tenants (Ireland) Act, 1906, applied immediately before the passing of this Act shall not be entitled to compensation for improvements in respect of an improvement made on such tenement on or after the 1st day of January, 1907, and before the passing of this Act and in respect of which compensation could be awarded under the Town Tenants (Ireland) Act, 1906, and in respect of which such tenant is precluded by sub-section (3) of section 3 from claiming compensation under that Act.
(2) A tenant shall not be entitled to compensation for improvements in respect of an improvement made before the passing of this Act on a tenement in contravention of the lease or other contract of tenancy under which such tenement was held.
(3) A tenant shall not be entitled to compensation for improvements in respect of an improvement made after the passing of this Act unless—
(a) an improvement notice was duly served in accordance with this Act in relation to such improvement, and
(b) the tenant by whom such notice was so served became entitled under this Act to execute such improvement either on consent or by virtue of an improvement order, and
(c) such improvement was duly executed in accordance (as the case may be) with such improvement notice and this Act or with such improvement order.
(4) A landlord shall not be entitled to compensation for improvements in respect of an improvement made after the passing of this Act in relation to which the improvement notice (or a copy thereof) served by the tenant in respect of such improvement was not duly served on the superior landlord in accordance with this Act.
(5) Neither of the two next foregoing sub-sections of this section shall apply in respect of an improvement which is a work executed in pursuance of an order of a sanitary authority under the Public Health Acts, 1878 to 1931, or the Housing of the Working Classes (Ireland) Acts, 1890 to 1921, but a tenant shall not be entitled to compensation in respect of such work unless such tenant has served on his landlord a sanitary work notice in respect of such work and has become entitled under this Act to execute such work as an improvement: provided that the failure to serve such notice shall not deprive a tenant of his right (if any) to compensation in respect of such work if such tenant satisfies the Court that his landlord did not suffer any loss or damage by reason of such failure.
(6) The landlord of a tenement to which the Town Tenants (Ireland) Act, 1906, applied immediately before the passing of this Act shall not be entitled to compensation for improvements in respect of an improvement made on such tenement on or after the 1st day of January, 1907, and before the passing of this Act in respect of which he would be precluded by section 4 of the Town Tenants (Ireland) Act, 1906, from claiming compensation under that Act.
Improvement certificates.
18.—(1) Where—
(a) a tenant has duly served an improvement notice and no improvement undertaking or improvement objection is duly served in respect of such notice and such tenant executes and completes in accordance with such notice the improvement mentioned therein within one year from the service of such notice, or
(b) a tenant duly executes an improvement in accordance with an improvement order and completes such improvement within the time limited in that behalf by such order or, where no such time is so limited, within a reasonable time,
the landlord of such tenant shall, on the application of such tenant within six months after the completion of such improvement, give to such tenant a certificate (in this Act referred to as an improvement certificate) in writing in the prescribed form certifying that such improvement has been duly completed in accordance with such improvement notice or improvement order, as the case may be.
(2) Where a tenant has duly applied under this section to his landlord for an improvement certificate and such landlord does not give such certificate to such tenant within one month after such application, such tenant may apply to the Court, and on the hearing of such application the Court may make such order as justice shall require, including an order declaring that such improvement was duly made in accordance with the improvement notice or improvement order, as the case may be.
(3) An improvement certificate shall, as against the landlord by whom it is given and every of his successors in title, be conclusive evidence that the improvement mentioned in such certificate was duly executed and completed by the tenant to whom such certificate is given and that all relevant provisions of this Act or any order or notice thereunder were duly complied with by such tenant in respect of such improvement.
(4) Where the tenant of a tenement executes work on such tenement in pursuance of an order of a sanitary authority under the Public Health Acts, 1878 to 1931, or the Housing of the Working Classes (Ireland) Acts, 1890 to 1921, and such work is an improvement within the meaning of this Act, such tenant shall not be entitled to an improvement certificate under the foregoing provisions of this section in respect of such improvement, but shall be entitled to obtain from such sanitary authority, within six months after the due completion of such work in accordance with such order, a certificate (in this Act referred to as a sanitary improvement certificate) in writing in the prescribed form certifying that such work was executed in pursuance of and completed in accordance with an order of such sanitary authority.
(5) A sanitary improvement certificate shall, as against the landlord of the tenement to which it relates, be prima facie evidence of the matters which such certificate purports to certify.
(6) A landlord or sanitary authority to whom an application for an improvement certificate or sanitary improvement certificate (as the case may be) is made under this section may demand, as a condition of the giving of such certificate, the payment to him or them by the tenant by whom such application is made of the expenses, calculated according to the prescribed scale, incurred by him or them in relation to the giving of such certificate.
PART III.
Right to New Tenancy.
Application of this Part of this Act.
19.—(1) On the termination within the meaning of this section of a tenancy in a tenement, this Part of this Act shall apply to such tenement if such tenement complies with any one of the following conditions, that is to say:—
(a) such tenement was, during the whole of the three years next preceding the termination of such tenancy, bonafide used by the tenant for the time being thereof wholly or partly for the purpose of carrying on a business and, immediately before such termination, either was held by the tenant thereof under a tenancy from year to year or under a lease or other contract of tenancy for a term of not less than one year or a lease for a life or lives or had been for not less than seven years continuously in the occupation of the person who was the tenant thereof immediately before such termination or of his predecessors in title, or
(b) such tenement was, during the whole of the period of thirty years next preceding the termination of such tenancy, continuously in the occupation of the person who was the tenant thereof immediately before such termination or of his predecessors in title and such tenement was not acquired by such tenant or any of his predecessors in title by purchase for valuable consideration within such period of thirty years, or
(c) at the termination of such tenancy the reversion of the landlord in the tenement does not exceed three years and such tenement was, during the whole of the period of fifteen years next preceding such termination, continuously in the occupation of the person who was the tenant thereof immediately before such termination or of his predecessors in title, or
(d) improvements have been made on such tenement and the tenant would, if this Part of this Act did not apply to such tenement, be entitled to compensation for improvements in respect of such improvements and not less than one-half of the letting value of such tenement at such termination is attributable to such improvements.
(2) References in this section to the termination of a tenancy as a point in time shall be construed as referring—
(a) in the case of a tenancy terminated by notice to quit, to the date of the service of such notice to quit; and
(b) in the case of a tenancy terminating by the expiration of a term of years or other certain period or by any other certain event, to the day which is three months before the expiration of such term or period or the happening of such event; and
(c) in the case of a tenancy terminated by the fall of a life or any other uncertain event, to the date on which such event happens.
Right of tenant to new tenancy.
20.—Subject to the provisions of this Act, a tenant of a tenement to which this Part of this Act applies shall, on the termination of his tenancy in such tenement, be entitled to a new tenancy in such tenement on such terms as may be agreed upon between such tenant and his landlord or as shall, in default of such agreement, be fixed by the Court.
Restrictions on the right to new tenancy·
21.—(1) A tenant shall not be entitled to a new tenancy under this Part of this Act where—
(a) his tenancy is terminated by ejectment for non-payment of rent; or
(b) his tenancy is terminated by ejectment, notice to quit, or otherwise on account of a breach by such tenant of a condition of such tenancy; or
(c) he terminates his tenancy by notice of surrender or otherwise; or
(d) his tenancy is terminated by notice to quit given by his landlord for good and sufficient reason; or
(e) his tenancy terminated otherwise than by notice to quit and his landlord either refused for good and sufficient reason to renew his tenancy or would, if he had been asked to renew such tenancy, have had good and sufficient reason for refusing so to do.
(2) In this section the expression “good and sufficient reason” means a reason which emanates from or is the result of or is traceable to some action or conduct of the tenant and which, having regard to all the circumstances of the case, is in the opinion of the Court a good and sufficient reason for terminating or refusing to renew (as the case may be) the tenancy.
Compensation for disturbance in certain cases.
22.—(1) Where it appears to the Court either—
(a) that the landlord of a tenement to which this Part of this Act applies bona-fide intends or has agreed to pull down and rebuild or to reconstruct the buildings or any part of the buildings included in such tenement, or
(b) that such landlord requires vacant possession of such tenement for the purpose of carrying out a scheme of development of property which includes such tenement, or
(c) that for any reason the creation of a new tenancy in such tenement would not be consistent with good estate management,
the tenant of such tenement shall not be entitled under this Part of this Act to a new tenancy in such tenement.
(2) Where an application for a new tenancy under this Part of this Act is refused on one of the grounds mentioned in paragraph (a) or paragraph (b) of sub-section (1) of this section and the landlord of the tenement to which such application relates does not, within a reasonable time, carry out the intention, agreement, or purpose (as the case may be) on account of which such application was refused, such landlord shall be guilty of contempt of Court and be punishable accordingly.
(3) Where the Court is satisfied—
(a) that the tenant of a tenement to which this Part of this Act applies would, but for this section, be entitled under this Part of this Act to a new tenancy in such tenement, and
(b) that, during the whole of a period of three years expiring at or within three months before the termination of his tenancy in such tenement, such tenement was used by the tenant for the time being thereof wholly or partly for the purpose of carrying on therein a business,
such tenant shall, in lieu of a new tenancy under this Part of this Act, be entitled, on quitting such tenement on the expiration of such tenancy, to be paid by the landlord of such tenement compensation (in this Act referred to as compensation for disturbance) in accordance with this Act.
(4) Where compensation for disturbance is awarded under this section to the tenant of a tenement and such compensation is not paid within the time limited in that behalf by this Act, such tenant shall be entitled, after the expiration of the said time so limited and before the payment of such compensation, to renew his application for a new tenancy under this Part of this Act in such tenement, and the foregoing sub-sections of this section shall not apply in respect of such application and the granting of such application shall operate as a discharge of the said award of compensation for disturbance.
(5) Where the Court is satisfied—
(a) that the tenant of a tenement to which this Part of this Act applies would but for paragraph (a) or paragraph (b) of sub-section (1) of this section be entitled under this Part of this Act to a new tenancy in such tenement, and
(b) that the landlord will not require possession of such tenement for the purposes mentioned in the said paragraph (a) or the said paragraph (b) (as the case may be) until after the expiration of a period of at least six months,
the Court shall, if such tenant so requests, continue the existing tenancy of such tenant in such tenement until such tenancy is terminated by such landlord for the purposes aforesaid by the service of six months previous notice in writing, but subject to the condition that such continuation of such tenancy shall be without prejudice to the right of such tenant to relief under this Act on such termination of such continued tenancy.
Measure of compensation for disturbance.
23.—Where the Court awards to a tenant compensation for disturbance the measure of such compensation shall be the pecuniary loss, damage, or expense which such tenant sustains or incurs or will sustain or incur by reason of his quitting the tenement in respect of which such compensation is awarded and which is the direct consequence of his quitting such tenement.
PART IV.
General Provisions in Relation to Relief Under Foregoing Parts of this Act.
Notice of intention to claim relief.
24.—(1) No claim for relief under this Act shall be maintained unless the claimant shall, within the time hereinafter mentioned, have served on the person against whom such claim is intended to be made notice (in this Act referred to as notice of intention to claim relief) in the prescribed form of his intention to make such claim.
(2) Every notice of intention to claim relief shall be served within whichever of the following times is applicable, that is to say:—
(a) in the case of a tenancy terminated by notice to quit, after but not more than one month after the service of such notice to quit, or
(b) in the case of a tenancy terminating by the expiration of a term of years or other certain period or by any other certain event, not less than three months before the termination of the tenancy, or
(c) in the case of a tenancy terminated by the fall of a life or any other uncertain event, within one month after the happening of such event coming to the knowledge of the claimant, or
(d) where the tenancy is deemed by this Act to terminate immediately after the passing of this Act, within six months after the passing of this Act.
(3) Every notice of intention to claim relief shall state the nature of the relief claimed and, where such relief is a new tenancy, such notice may include a claim in the alternative for compensation under this Act.
Application to the Court for relief.
25.—(1) A person who has duly served a notice of intention to claim relief may, at any time not less than two months after theservice of such notice, apply to the Court to determine his right to such relief and (as the case may be) to fix the amount of the compensation or the terms of the new tenancy to which he is found to be entitled.
(2) An application to the Court under this section may be made, heard and determined either before and in anticipation of or after the expiration of the tenancy which gives rise to the claim.
Valuation of improvement by Commissioner of Valuation.
26.—(1) Where an application is made under this Act to the Court to determine the right of the person (in this section referred to as the applicant) making the application to relief under this Act the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) where the applicant claims compensation for improvements as original relief, the applicant shall lodge in the Circuit Court Office with the originating notice of motion or other originating document an improvement statement in duplicate;
(b) where the applicant claims a new tenancy as original relief and claims compensation for improvements (with or without compensation for disturbance) as alternative relief and the Court determines that the applicant is not entitled to such original relief, the further hearing of the application shall be adjourned and the applicant shall lodge in the Circuit Court Office an improvement statement in duplicate;
(c) every improvement statement lodged in a Circuit Court Office in pursuance of this sub-section shall be in the prescribed form and shall state the prescribed particulars of the improvement or each of the several improvements in respect of which compensation for improvements is claimed;
(d) whenever an applicant is required by this sub-section to lodge in the Circuit Court Office an improvement statement, such applicant shall, either before or within three days after such lodgment, furnish a copy of such improvement statement to the landlord or superior landlord from whom such compensation is claimed.
(2) Whenever an improvement statement is lodged in the Circuit Court Office in pursuance of this section, the county registrar shall forthwith send one duplicate of such improvement statement to the Commissioner of Valuation and Boundary Surveyor, and upon receipt of such statement the said Commissioner shall cause the tenement in which the improvement or the several improvements mentioned in such statement was or were made to be inspected and a valuation to be made in the prescribed form stating the following matters in respect of such improvement or of each of the several such improvements, that is to say:—
(a) an estimate of the addition (if any) to the letting value of the said tenement at the termination of the relevant tenancy which is attributable to such improvement, and
(b) the probable duration of such addition, the probable life of the improvement, and any other matter relevant to the calculation of the capitalised value of such addition, and
(c) an estimate of the capitalised value of such addition.
(3) The said Commissioner shall cause the said valuation to be sent to the county registrar together with a statement of the fee, calculated in accordance with regulations made by the Minister for Finance, payable for such valuation.
(4) The applicant shall, on demand by the county registrar, pay to the county registrar the amount of the said fee payable for such valuation and until such fee is so paid no further proceedings shall be had in the matter, but upon payment of such fee the applicant and any other party shall be entitled to obtain from the county registrar a copy of the said valuation upon payment therefor at the rate for the time being chargeable by law for copies of documents obtained from the Circuit Court Office.
(5) The Court, in fixing the amount of the said compensation for improvements, shall have regard to the several estimates and statements contained in the said valuation.
(6) The fee paid by an applicant for a valuation under this section shall, unless the Court otherwise directs, ultimately be borne in equal shares by the applicant and the person from whom he claims the compensation for improvements in relation to which such valuation was made.
(7) Every fee received by a county registrar for a valuation under this section shall be paid by such county registrar into or disposed of by him for the benefit of the Exchequer in such manner as the Minister for Finance shall direct.
Provisions in relation to applications for a new tenancy.
27.—Where the relief claimed in an application to the Court under this Act is a new tenancy under Part III of this Act in the tenement to which the application relates the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) if the Court finds that the tenant making the application is entitled to such new tenancy the Court shall fix the terms of such new tenancy and shall make an order requiring the landlord of such tenement to grant and such tenant to accept a new tenancy in such tenement accordingly;
(b) where the Court makes an order under this section for the grant to a tenant of a new tenancy in a tenement, such tenant shall not be entitled to compensation under this Act in respect of the termination of his previous tenancy in such tenement;
(c) if the Court finds that such tenant is not entitled to such new tenancy and the notice of intention to claim relief on which the application is grounded includes a claim in the alternative for compensation under this Act, the Court shall hear and determine the claim for such compensation and, if the Court awards such compensation, shall fix the amount thereof;
(d) if the Court finds that such tenant is not entitled to such new tenancy and the notice of intention to claim relief on which the application is grounded does not include a claim in the alternative for compensation under this Act, the Court may on the application of such tenant, if the Court having regard to all the circumstances of the case thinks proper so to do, amend on such terms as the Court thinks proper the said notice of intention to claim relief by inserting therein a claim in the alternative for compensation under this Act and thereupon deal with such claim in accordance with the next preceding paragraph of this section;
(e) where the Court makes an order under this section for the grant to a tenant of a new tenancy in a tenement and the landlord or any of the landlords of such tenement cannot be found or is a person under a disability or in a fiduciary capacity or possessed of a limited estate only, the Court may make such order as the Court thinks proper to enable such new tenancy to be granted notwithstanding such impossibility of being found, disability, fiduciary capacity, or limited estate, as the case may be;
(f) where the Court makes an order under this section for the grant to a tenant of a new tenancy in a tenement, the landlord of such tenement shall be bound to grant and such tenant shall be bound to accept a lease or other written contract of tenancy creating in such tenement, as from the expiration of the previous tenancy therein, a new tenancy on the terms specified in such order, and if any dispute, failure or question arises or occurs in the carrying out of such order any party concerned may apply to the Court and thereupon the Court may make such order as justice may require.
Offer by landlord of new tenancy in lieu of compensation.
28.—(1) Where a tenant has served on his landlord a notice of intention to claim relief which is limited to relief by way of compensation for improvements and such landlord has either a fee simple reversion or a reversion of more than five years in the tenement to which such notice relates, such landlord may, within two months after the service of such notice on him, serve on such tenant a notice in the prescribed form offering to such tenant either (as such landlord shall think proper to specify in such notice) a new tenancy in such tenement on terms specified in such notice or a new tenancy in such tenement on terms to be fixed by the Court.
(2) Where a landlord serves on his tenant a notice under the foregoing sub-section of this section offering to such tenant a new tenancy on terms specified in such notice, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) the tenant may, within one month after the service of such notice, serve on such landlord a notice in the prescribed form accepting such new tenancy;
(b) if the tenant serves a notice under the foregoing paragraph of this sub-section, such landlord shall forthwith grant and such tenant shall forthwith accept a lease or other written contract of tenancy creating in the tenement to which such notices relate and as from the expiration of the previous tenancy a new tenancy on the terms specified in the notice served by such landlord;
(c) the tenant may, in lieu of serving the notice hereinbefore mentioned serve on the landlord a notice refusing such new tenancy;
(d) if the tenant serves a notice under the foregoing paragraph of this sub-section, the tenant may proceed with his application for relief by way of compensation for improvements, but on the hearing of such application the Court may, if it thinks fit and is satisfied that the tenant is entitled to such relief, in lieu of awarding such relief make an order requiring the landlord to grant and the tenant to accept a new tenancy in such tenement on such terms as the Court shall (subject to the provisions of this Act) think proper and shall specify in such order.
(3) Where a landlord serves on his tenant a notice under the first sub-section of this section offering to such tenant a new tenancy on terms to be fixed by the Court, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) either the landlord or the tenant may apply to the Court for an order fixing the terms of such tenancy;
(b) upon the Court making such order, such landlord shall forthwith grant and such tenant shall forthwith accept a lease or other written contract of tenancy creating in the tenement to which such notices relate a new tenancy on the terms specified in such order.
(4) Where a landlord and a tenant are required, by this section or an order made under this section, respectively to grant and accept a new tenancy in a tenement, such tenant shall not be entitled to compensation under this Act in respect of the termination of the previous tenancy in such tenement, without prejudice however to his right to claim compensation under this Act on the termination of the new tenancy.
(5) Where a landlord and a tenant are required, by this section or an order made under this section, respectively to grant and accept a new tenancy in a tenement and any dispute, failure, or question arises or occurs in the granting and accepting of such new tenancy, any party concerned may apply to the Court and thereupon the Court may make such order as justice may require.
Fixing of terms of new tenancy by the Court.
29.—Where the Court fixes under this Act the terms of a new tenancy, whether such new tenancy is to be granted in pursuance of a provision of this Act or in pursuance of an order of the Court, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) the Court shall fix the duration of such new tenancy;
(b) where the landlord holds the tenement in which such new tenancy is created under a lease, the duration of such new tenancy shall not exceed the term of such lease;
(c) subject to the next preceding paragraph of this section, the duration of such new tenancy shall not, without the consent of the tenant, be less than a term of twenty-one years and shall not in any case exceed a term of ninety-nine years;
(d) the rent payable by the tenant under such new tenancy shall not be less than (as the case may require) the rent payable by the landlord in respect of such tenement or such proportion of the rent payable by the landlord in respect of such tenement and other property as is in the opinion of the Court fairly apportionable to such tenement;
(e) subject to the foregoing paragraph of this sub-section, the said rent shall be the difference between the gross rent and the allowance for improvements as hereinafter respectively defined;
(f) the gross rent shall be the rent which in the opinion of the Court a willing lessee not already in occupation would give and a willing lessor would take for such tenement, in each case on the basis of vacant possession being given, and in such circumstances that the supply of similar tenements is sufficient to meet the demand and the competition therefor is normal and having regard to the other terms of such tenancy and to the letting values of tenements of a similar character to and situate in the vicinity of such tenement but without regard to any goodwill which may exist in respect of such tenement;
(g) the allowance in respect of improvements shall be such proportion of the gross rent as is, in the opinion of the Court, attributable to improvements made by the tenant or his predecessors in title and in respect of which the tenant would have been entitled to compensation for improvements if (as the case may be) Part III of this Act did not apply to such tenement or such new tenancy had not been created;
(h) the Court may, as one of the terms of such new tenancy, require the intended tenant to expend a specified sum of money in the execution of specified repairs (including painting for purposes of preservation but not painting for purposes of mere decoration) to such tenement and authorise the postponement of the granting of such new tenancy until such repairs have been duly completed.
Assistance of the Court by the Commissioner of Valuation under Part IV.
30.—(1) Where the Court fixes under this Act the terms of a new tenancy, whether such new tenancy is to be granted in pursuance of a provision of this Act or in pursuance of an order of the Court, the Court may and, if so requested by either party, shall cause to be sent to the Commissioner of Valuation and Boundary Surveyor a request for a valuation, estimate, or statement in respect of any particular matter relevant to the fixing of such terms and may for that purpose adjourn the fixing of such terms.
(2) Upon receipt of a request under this section, the said Commissioner shall cause such valuation, estimate, or statement as is mentioned in the said request to be prepared and sent to the Court together with a statement of the fee, calculated in accordance with regulations made by the Minister for Finance, payable therefor.
(3) Any party concerned shall be entitled to obtain from the county registrar a copy of a valuation, estimate, or statement furnished by the said Commissioner to the Court in pursuance of this section, subject to payment therefor at the rate for the time being chargeable by law for copies of documents obtained from the Circuit Court Office.
(4) The fee payable under this section for a valuation, estimate, or statement sent by the said Commissioner to the Court in pursuance of this section shall be borne and paid to the county registrar by such party or by such parties in such proportions as the Court shall direct and shall be paid by the county registrar into or disposed of by him for the benefit of the Exchequer in such manner as the Minister for Finance shall direct.
(5) Where a request is sent under this section to the said Commissioner the Court shall in fixing the terms of a new tenancy have regard to the valuation, estimate or statement furnished by the said Commissioner.
Mutual rights where landlord has no reversion.
31.—(1) Where a tenant has served on his landlord a notice of intention to claim relief and such landlord has or is deemed by virtue of any other section of this Act to have no reversion in the tenement to which such notice relates, such landlord may, within one month after the service of such notice on him, serve the following notices, that is to say:—
(a) on such tenant, a notice in the prescribed form stating the fact that such landlord has no reversion in such tenement and stating the name and address of his immediately superior landlord or of such superior landlord's agent, and
(b) on such immediately superior landlord, a notice in the prescribed form of the service of the said notice of intention to claim relief (together with a copy of such notice) and (where applicable) of such landlord's intention to claim against such superior landlord compensation for improvements in relation to such tenement.
(2) Where a landlord is entitled under the foregoing sub-section of this section to serve the notices mentioned in that sub-section, the tenant may, within one month after he has served on such landlord notice of intention to claim relief, serve on the immediately superior landlord of such landlord and on any other superior landlord a duplicate of the said notice of intention to claim relief.
(3) Where a landlord is entitled under the first sub-section of this section to serve the notices mentioned in that sub-section and either such landlord has served the notices mentioned in that sub-section or the tenant has served on the immediately superior landlord of such landlord the duplicate notice mentioned in the second sub-section of this section, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) the claim of the tenant for relief under this Act shall (save as is hereinafter otherwise provided) be deemed to be made against the immediately superior landlord of such landlord and such relief (if awarded) shall be given by such superior landlord to the tenant;
(b) the claim (if any) of the tenant for compensation for improvements in respect of an improvement for which he is entitled to such compensation but for which the landlord, if he had paid such compensation to the tenant, would not be entitled to claim compensation shall be made against the landlord and such compensation (if awarded) shall be paid by the landlord to the tenant;
(c) if such immediately superior landlord has himself no reversion or a reversion not exceeding one month in the tenement to which such notices relate, he may serve on his next superior landlord and on the tenant the like notices as such landlord is authorised by the first sub-section of this section to serve, and (whether such immediately superior landlord does or does not serve such notices) the reversion (if any) of such immediately superior landlord in such tenement shall be deemed to be surrendered as from the termination of the tenant's tenancy or continued tenancy (as the case may be) in such tenement, and the provisions of this section shall have effect with the substitution of such next superior landlord for such immediately superior landlord.
Mutual rights where landlord has a nominal reversion.
32.—Where a tenant has served on his landlord a notice of intention to claim relief and such landlord has a reversion not exceeding one month in the tenement to which such notice relates, such landlord may, within one month after the service of such notice on him, serve on such tenant a notice in the prescribed form continuing the tenancy of such tenant in such tenement until the expiration of such reversion, and thereupon the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) such tenancy shall be continued until the expiration of such reversion at the same rent and subject to the same covenants and conditions as theretofore;
(b) the said notice of intention to claim relief shall be deemed to have been served in respect of the termination of the tenancy on the expiration of such reversion and, if it was validly served in respect of the original termination, it shall be valid in respect of the later termination;
(c) such landlord shall be deemed for the purposes of this Act to have had no reversion in such tenement at the date of the service of the said notice of intention to claim relief.
Mutual rights where landlord has a short reversion.
33.—Where a tenant has served on his landlord a notice of intention to claim relief and such landlord has a reversion in the tenement to which such notice relates exceeding one month but not exceeding five years, such landlord may, within one month after the service of such notice on him, serve on such tenant a notice in the prescribed form continuing the tenancy of such tenant in such tenement until the expiration of such reversion and thereupon the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) such tenancy shall be continued until the expiration of such reversion at the same rent and subject to the same covenants and conditions as theretofore;
(b) the said notice of intention to claim relief shall be deemed to be withdrawn without prejudice to the service at the proper time of a new notice of intention to claim relief in respect of the expiration of such continued tenancy.
Mutual rights on termination of landlord's tenancy.
34.—Where the tenancy of a tenant in a tenement is terminated by the termination of the tenancy of the landlord of such tenement before the normal expiration of the term of such last-mentioned tenancy, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say—
(a) notice of intention to claim relief may be served by such tenant after such termination but not more than one month after such tenant quits such tenement;
(b) such landlord shall for the purposes of this Act be deemed to be a landlord having no reversion in such tenement.
Continuation of existing tenancies.
35.—Whenever a tenancy is continued or renewed or a new tenancy is created under this Act in a tenement, such continued, renewed, or new tenancy shall for the purposes of this Act be or be deemed to be a continuation of the tenancy previously existing in such tenement and shall for all purposes be deemed to be a graft upon such previously existing tenancy and the interest of the tenant thereunder shall be subject to any rights or equities arising from its being such graft.
Time for payment of compensation.
36.—(1) Where a tenant is entitled to receive from his landlord compensation under this Act, such compensation shall, subject to the provisions of this section, be payable on the occurrence of whichever of the following events is the later, that is to say:—
(a) the expiration of one month from the date of the fixing, by agreement or the Court, of the amount of such compensation, and
(b) the delivery to the landlord by the tenant of clear possession of the tenement.
(2) Where compensation under this Act is payable by a landlord to his tenant and money is due and owing by such tenant to such landlord under or in respect of his tenancy in the tenement in relation to which such compensation is so payable, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) such landlord may, where such compensation exceeds such money, deduct such money from such compensation or, where such money is equal to or exceeds such compensation, retain such compensation in payment and discharge of such money or of so much thereof as is equal to such compensation;
(b) such tenant may, where such money exceeds such compensation, deduct such compensation from such money or, where such compensation is equal to or exceeds such money, retain such money in payment and discharge of such compensation or of so much thereof as is equal to such money.
(3) Where compensation under this Act is payable by a landlord to a tenant and such landlord claims that money is payable to him by such tenant under or in respect of his tenancy in the tenement in relation to which such compensation is so payable and such claim or the amount thereof is disputed by the tenant or the amount of such claim is unliquidated, such landlord may pay the amount of such compensation into the Court and thereupon the Court may, on the application of either the landlord or the tenant, make such order in relation to the money so paid into the Court as justice may require and, in particular, may retain such money or any part thereof until the validity of such claim or the amount of such claim has been determined.
(4) Compensation for improvements payable by a landlord or a superior landlord to a tenant shall be a first charge (in priority to all other mortgages, charges, and incumbrances whatsoever) on the interest of such landlord or superior landlord (as the case may be) in the tenement in respect of which such compensation is payable.
Payment of compensation where tenancy is mortgaged.
37.—(1) Where a tenancy in a tenement is terminated and the estate or interest of the tenant of such tenement under such tenancy was immediately before such termination subject to a mortgage or charge for securing money, such mortgage or charge shall extend and attach to any compensation under this Act which shall become payable to such tenant in respect of such termination.
(2) Where compensation under this Act is payable to a tenant and the landlord or superior landlord by whom such compensation is so payable has notice of a mortgage or charge which by virtue of this section or otherwise affects such compensation, such landlord or superior landlord shall either—
(a) where such tenant so consents, pay such compensation to the owner of such mortgage or charge, in this section referred to as the mortgagee; or
(b) where the mortgagee so consents, pay such compensation to such tenant; or
(c) where the mortgagee and such tenant so direct, pay such compensation to the mortgagee and such tenant in such manner as is so directed; or
(d) where no such consent or direction as is mentioned in this sub-section is given, pay such compensation into Court.
(3) Where compensation under this Act is paid into Court under this section the Court may, on the application of any person interested, make such order in regard to such compensation as justice may require.
Right of tenant to continue in occupation pending decision.
38.—Where an application under this Act to the Court for the grant of a new tenancy or to fix the terms of a new tenancy is instituted after the expiration of the tenancy in respect of the termination of which such application is made or is instituted before the expiration of such tenancy and such tenancy expires before such application is heard and determined and in either case such tenancy was terminated otherwise than by ejectment or surrender, the tenant may, if he so desires, continue in occupation of the tenement to which such application relates from the expiration of such tenancy until such application is heard and determined by the Court or, in the event of an appeal, by the final appellate court, and while so continuing in occupation such tenant shall be subject to the terms (including the payment of rent) of such tenancy but without prejudice to such recoupments and readjustments as may be necessary in the event of a new tenancy being granted to commence as from such expiration.
Tenancy terminated before passing of this Act.
39.—Where a tenancy in a tenement terminated before the passing of this Act and the tenant of such tenement, whether a decree in ejectment has been made against such tenant or not, is at the passing of this Act in occupation of such tenement notwithstanding such termination and without having obtained a new tenancy in such tenement, such tenancy shall for the purposes of this Act be deemed to terminate immediately after the passing of this Act and this Act shall apply accordingly.
Right of tenant to information.
40.—(1) A tenant of a tenement who has been served with a notice to quit such tenement or whose tenancy in such tenement has expired by the fall of a life or the happening of any other uncertain event or whose tenancy in such tenement will expire by effluxion of time within three months may serve all or any of the following notices, that is to say:—
(a) on his landlord or the person to whom he pays the rent of such tenement, a notice requiring such landlord or person to inform such tenant of the nature and duration of such landlord's reversion in such tenement and the name and address of the immediately superior landlord (if any) of such landlord;
(b) on any person whom such tenant reasonably believes to be a superior landlord or the agent of a superior landlord of such tenement, a notice requiring such person to inform such tenant whether such person or any person for whom he is agent has or has not any estate or interest in such tenement, the nature, tenure, and duration of such estate or interest (if any), and the names and addresses of the persons having estates or interests in such tenement immediately superior or immediately inferior to such estate or interest.
(2) It shall be the duty of any person on whom a notice is served under this section to give or send in writing, within one fortnight after the service of such notice, to the tenant by whom such notice was so served, the information asked for by such notice so far as it is within the possession or procurement of such person.
(3) Where a tenant has served a notice under this section and the person on whom such notice is so served fails or neglects to give or send in writing to such tenant, within the time limited by this section, such information as he is required by this section so to give or send, such tenant may apply to the Court and on the hearing of such application the Court may make such order as justice may require with a view to compelling such person so to give or send such information.
Rights of entry and inspection.
41.—Whenever an improvement notice or a notice of intention to claim relief has been served by a tenant on his landlord, such landlord and every superior landlord on whom such notice or a copy thereof has been served under this Act and every person authorised by such landlord or any such superior landlord shall be entitled to enter at all reasonable times on the tenement to which such notice relates and there to make such inspection and examination and take such measurements as shall be necessary or proper for the determination by such landlord or superior landlord (as the case may be) of the course he will adopt in relation to such notice.
Restriction on contracting out.
42.—A contract, whether made before or after the passing of this Act, by virtue of which a tenant would be directly or indirectly deprived of his right to obtain relief under this Act or any particular such relief shall be void.
Application of the Settled Land Acts.
43.—(1) The powers of a tenant for life or a person having the powers of a tenant for life under the Settled Land Acts, 1882 to 1890, to make leases other than building leases and mining leases shall extend to and include the making by a landlord of a lease granting a new tenancy which such landlord is required by or under this Part or any preceding Part of this Act to grant, notwithstanding that the duration of such new tenancy exceeds thirty-five years.
(2) Capital money arising under the Settled Land Acts, 1882 to 1890, may be applied—
(a) in payment of any sum payable to a tenant in respect of compensation under this Act and any costs, charges, and expenses payable to such tenant in relation to his claim for such compensation; or
(b) in payment, as for an improvement authorised by the said Acts, of any money expended and costs incurred under and in pursuance of this Act in or about the execution of an improvement; or
(c) in payment of the costs, charges, and expenses incurred in or in relation to making or opposing an application to the Court under this Act.
(3) The satisfaction of a claim for compensation under this Act shall be included amongst the purposes for which a tenant for life may raise money under section 18 of the Settled Land Act, 1882.
(4) Where a landlord liable to pay compensation under this Act is a tenant for life or in a fiduciary position he may require the sum payable in respect of such compensation and all costs, charges, and expenses payable in relation thereto to be paid out of any capital money held on the same trusts as the settled land.
In this sub-section the expression “capital money” includes any personal estate held on the same trusts as the land, and the expression “settled land” includes land held on trust for sale.
Protection of landlords in fiduciary capacities.
44.—(1) Where the landlord of a tenement is a person entitled to receive the rents and profits of such tenement as trustee or in any character otherwise than for his own benefit and money is payable by such landlord to the tenant of such tenement in respect of compensation under this Act or in respect of costs, charges, or expenses in relation to such compensation, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) such money shall not be recoverable personally against such landlord nor shall he be under any liability to pay such money, but such money shall be a charge on and recoverable only against such tenement and all property, real or personal, held by the landlord on the same trusts or in the same character as such tenement;
(b) such landlord shall, either before or after having paid such money to such tenant, be entitled to obtain from the Court a charge on such tenement and all property, real or personal, held by him on the same trusts or in the same character as such tenement to the amount of such money and of all costs properly incurred by him in obtaining such charge or raising the amount thereof;
(c) if such landlord neglects or fails to pay such money to such tenant within one month after such tenant has quitted such tenement, such tenant shall be entitled to obtain from the Court a charge on such tenement and all property, real or personal, held by such landlord on the same trusts or in the same character as such tenement to the amount of such moneys or of so much thereof as is then unpaid and of all costs properly incurred by him in obtaining such charge or in raising the amount thereof.
(2) Any company now or hereafter incorporated by statute and having power to advance money for the improvement of land may take an assignment of any charge made by the Court under this section, and such company may assign any such charge so assigned to them to any person or persons whatsoever.
Extension of times limited by this Act.
45.—Where by or under this Part or any of the foregoing Parts of this Act a period is fixed for the doing of any act or thing, the Court may, either before or after the expiration of such period, extend such period upon such terms as the Court thinks proper.
PART V.
Special Provisions in Relation to Building Leases.
Building leases and proprietary leases.
46.—(1) In this Part of this Act the expression “building lease” means a lease in respect of which all the following conditions are complied with, that is to say:—
(a) the land demised by such lease is situate wholly in an urban area;
(b) there are permanent buildings on such land and the portion of such land not covered by such buildings is subsidiary and ancillary to such buildings;
(c) such permanent buildings are not an improvement within the meaning of this Act;
(d) such permanent buildings were erected by the person who, at the time of such erection, was entitled to the lessee's interest under such lease;
(e) such permanent buildings were not erected in contravention of a covenant, condition, or agreement contained in such lease.
(2) In this Part of this Act the expression “proprietary lease” means a lease complying with all the following conditions, that is to say:—
(a) such lease is a sub-lease (whether mediate or immediate) under a building lease; and
(b) the land demised by such lease is the whole or part of land comprised in such building lease; and
(c) such lease is made for a term which equals or exceeds whichever of the following periods is the lesser, that is to say, twenty years or two-thirds of the term of such building lease, and which in any case expires at the same time as or not more than five years before the expiration of such building lease; and
(d) such lease was made partly in consideration of the payment of a sum of money (other than rent) by the lessee to the lessor at or immediately before the grant of such lease or partly in consideration of the expenditure of a sum of money by the lessee on the premises demised by such lease or partly in consideration of both such payment and such expenditure; and
(e) the said sum of money so paid or expended or the total of the said sums of money so respectively paid and expended (as the case may be) was not less than fifteen times the yearly amount of the rent or the greatest rent reserved by such lease.
Right to reversionary lease.
47.—(1) At any time within seven years before the expiration of a building lease, any person in possession of the land or any part of the land comprised in such lease and holding the same under such building lease or under a proprietary lease shall, subject to the provisions of this Part of this Act and on obtaining the consent (if any) required by this section, be entitled to obtain from the person in receipt (otherwise than as agent for another) of the rent reserved by such building lease a reversionary lease on the terms fixed by or under this Part of this Act of the said land so possessed and held by him as aforesaid.
(2) It shall not be necessary for a person claiming to be entitled under this section to a reversionary lease of land to obtain any consent for the purposes of the foregoing sub-section of this section where either such person is in occupation of the whole of such land or no tenant of such person on such land or any part thereof holds under a proprietary lease.
(3) Where a person claiming to be entitled under this section to a reversionary lease of land is not exempted by the foregoing sub-section of this section from obtaining any consent for the purposes of the first sub-section of this section, it shall be necessary for such person to obtain for the purposes of the said first sub-section the consent of every tenant and sub-tenant (if any) of such person holding such land or any part thereof under a proprietary lease to the granting of such reversionary lease to such person.
(4) Where a building lease has expired within five years before the passing of this Act and the lessee thereunder is at the passing of this Act in possession of the land comprised in such building lease either under a yearly tenancy arising by implication from the acts of the parties or as a tenant at will or without obtaining any new tenancy, such lessee and every person in possession of such land or any part thereof under a yearly tenancy which arose on the expiration of a proprietary lease by implication from the acts of the parties shall, during six months after the passing of this Act, severally have the same rights in relation to obtaining a reversionary lease under this Part of this Act as they would respectively have had within seven years before the expiration of such building lease if this Act had then been in force.
Terms of reversionary lease.
48.—(1) Where the terms on which a reversionary lease under this Part of this Act is to be granted are settled by the Court, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) the duration of such reversionary lease shall be a term of ninety-nine years from the expiration of the building lease to which it is reversionary;
(b) the rent reserved by such reversionary lease shall not in any case be less than the rent reserved by the said building lease or, where the land comprised in such reversionary lease is part only of the land comprised in the said building lease, such proportion of the said rent reserved by the said building lease as is fairly apportionable to the said land comprised in the said reversionary lease;
(c) subject to the foregoing paragraph of this sub-section the rent reserved by the said reversionary lease shall be one quarter of the gross rent as hereinafter defined;
(d) the gross rent shall be the rent which in the opinion of the Court a willing lessee not already in occupation would give and a willing lessor would take for the land comprised in such reversionary lease in each case on the basis of vacant possession being given, and in such circumstances that the supply of similar lands is sufficient to meet the demand and the competition therefor is normal, and having regard to the other terms of such reversionary lease and to the letting values of land of a similar character to and situate in the vicinity of the said land comprised in the said reversionary lease but without having regard to any goodwill which may exist in respect of the said land comprised in the said reversionary lease;
(e) such reversionary lease shall contain all usual covenants, conditions, and agreements;
(f) the Court may require the intended lessee to expend a specified sum of money in the execution of repairs to the buildings to be comprised in such reversionary lease and may authorise the postponement of the execution of such reversionary lease until such sum of money has been so expended.
(2) A reversionary lease granted under this Part of this Act shall be deemed to be a graft on the building lease or the proprietary lease (as the case may be) under which the person to whom such reversionary lease is granted previously held the land comprised in such reversionary lease, and the lessee's interest under such reversionary lease shall be subject to any rights or equities arising from such reversionary lease being such graft.
Assistance of the Court by the Commissioner of Valuation under Part V.
49.—(1) Where the Court fixes under this Part of this Act the terms of a reversionary lease the Court may and, if so requested by any party concerned, shall cause to be sent to the Commissioner of Valuation and Boundary Surveyor a request for a valuation, estimate, or statement in respect of any particular matter relevant to the fixing of such terms and may for that purpose adjourn the fixing of such terms.
(2) Upon receipt of a request under this section, the said Commissioner shall cause such valuation, estimate, or statement as is mentioned in the said request to be prepared and sent to the Court together with a statement of the fee, calculated in accordance with regulations made by the Minister for Finance, payable therefor.
(3) Any party concerned shall be entitled to obtain from the county registrar a copy of a valuation, estimate, or statement furnished by the said Commissioner to the Court in pursuance of this section, subject to payment therefor at the rate for the time being chargeable by law for copies of documents obtained from the Circuit Court Office.
(4) The fee payable under this section for a valuation, estimate, or statement sent by the said Commissioner to the Court in pursuance of this section shall be borne and paid to the county registrar by such party or by such parties in such proportions as the Court shall direct and shall be paid by the county registrar into or disposed of by him for the benefit of the Exchequer in such manner as the Minister for Finance shall direct.
(5) Where a request is sent under this section to the said Commissioner at the request of a party the Court shall in fixing the terms of a reversionary lease have regard to the valuation, estimate or statement furnished by the said Commissioner.
Restrictions on the right to a reversionary lease.
50.—(1) Where the person in receipt of the rent reserved by a building lease has, before the 31st day of March, 1931, made a reversionary lease of the land or any part of the land comprised in such building lease, or has on or after the 31st day of March, 1931, made, in pursuance of an enforceable agreement entered into before the 31st day of March, 1931, a reversionary lease of the land or any part of the land comprised in such building lease, no person shall be entitled to obtain under this Part of this Act a reversionary lease of the land or any part of the land comprised in the said reversionary lease so made.
(2) Where, after the passing of this Act, a lease (in this section referred to as the statutory reversionary lease) of any land is made by way of reversionary lease to a building lease by a person who is bound to make and to a person who is entitled (either with or without obtaining the consent of another person) to obtain under this Part of this Act a lease of such land by way of reversionary lease to such building lease, the following leases shall be void and of no effect, that is to say, every lease which—
(a) is made after the passing of this Act and either before or after the making of the statutory reversionary lease, and
(b) comprises the land or any part of the land comprised in the statutory reversionary lease, and
(c) is made by way of reversionary lease to the said building lease, and
(d) is made by a person who is bound under this Part of this Act to grant a reversionary lease of the land comprised in such building lease, and
(e) is made to a person who either is not entitled to obtain under this Part of this Act a reversionary lease of the land or any part of the land comprised in the statutory reversionary lease or (being entitled so to obtain such reversionary lease only on obtaining the consent of the person to whom the statutory reversionary lease is made) did not obtain such consent.
(3) No person shall be entitled to obtain a reversionary lease under this Part of this Act of the land or any part of the land comprised in a building lease where the person in receipt of the rent reserved by such building lease satisfies the Court either—
(a) that he bona fide intends, or has agreed to pull down and rebuild or to reconstruct the whole or a substantial portion of the building on the land comprised in such building lease; or
(b) that he requires vacant possession of such land for the purpose of carrying out a scheme of development of property which includes such land; or
(c) that for any reason the grant of such reversionary lease would not be consistent with good estate management.
(4) Where an application for a reversionary lease under this Part of this Act is refused on one of the grounds mentioned in paragraph (a) or paragraph (b) of the next foregoing sub-section of this section and the person objecting to such application on such ground does not within a reasonable time carry out the intention, agreement, or purpose (as the case may be) on account of which such application was refused, such person shall be guilty of contempt of court and be punishable accordingly.
Rights of sub-lessees where building lease is terminated by ejectment or re-entry.
51.—Where a building lease is terminated (before the expiration thereof by effluxion of time) by ejectment for non-payment of rent, breach of covenant or otherwise or by the exercise by the lessor of a power of re-entry for breach of a covenant or a condition contained in such building lease, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) no sub-lease of the land or any part of the land comprised in such building lease which is an immediate sub-lease under such building lease and is a proprietary lease shall be terminated by such ejectment or re-entry;
(b) the person who would but for this section become entitled by virtue of such ejectment or re-entry to the possession of the land comprised in such sub-lease shall become and be entitled to the reversion on such sub-lease and to the benefit of the rent reserved by and the covenants and conditions contained in such sub-lease;
(c) such sub-lease shall become and be a building lease within the meaning of this Part of this Act and this Part of this Act shall apply in relation thereto accordingly.
Applications to the Court.
52.—If any dispute, question, or difficulty shall arise in regard to the right of any person to a reversionary lease under this Part of this Act, the terms on which such lease is to be granted, or otherwise in relation to the grant of such lease, any party concerned may apply to the Court and the Court may make such order as justice shall require and, in particular, may fix the terms on which such lease is to be granted.
Right of reversionary lessee to continue in occupation.
53.—Where a reversionary lease under this Part of this Act is granted before the expiration of the building lease to which it is reversionary and to a person who is in occupation of the land comprised in such reversionary lease as a sub-tenant (mediately or immediately) of the lessee under such building lease, such person shall be entitled to continue in occupation of such land from the expiration of his said sub-tenancy until the expiration of the said building lease and shall during such occupation be deemed to be tenant on the terms of the said sub-tenancy (so far as applicable) of the person who but for this section would for the time being be entitled to possession and occupation of the said land.
Persons bound to grant reversionary lease.
54.—(1) Where a person is entitled under this Part of this Act to obtain a reversionary lease from the person (in this section referred to as the building lessor) in receipt of the rent reserved by a building lease, the building lessor shall be bound to grant such reversionary lease to such person.
(2) Where a building lessor holds the land of which he is required by this Part of this Act to grant a reversionary lease under a lease for a term which is less than the term for which such reversionary lease is to be granted, the immediate landlord of the building lessor and such (if any) superior landlords as may be necessary shall be bound to join in the granting of such reversionary lease.
(3) Where a person who is bound by this section to grant or join in granting a reversionary lease is, by reason of his being a trustee, personal representative, or other person having a fiduciary capacity or by reason of his being an infant or by reason of his having only an estate for his life or in tail or other limited estate or by reason of restrictive covenants in the lease under which he holds, incapable in law of granting or joining in granting (as the case may be) such reversionary lease, the Court may, on the application of any party concerned, by order empower such person to grant or join in granting (as the case may be) such reversionary lease.
(4) Where a person who is bound by this section to grant or join in granting a reversionary lease is an infant, or a person of unsound mind, or cannot be found, or refuses or fails to execute such lease, the Court may, on the application of any person concerned, appoint an officer of the Court to execute such lease for and in the name of the person so bound and thereupon the execution of such reversionary lease by such officer for and in the name of such person shall for all purposes be as effectual as the execution thereof by such person.
PART VI.
Covenants in Leases.
Damages for breach of covenants to repair.
55.—Where a lease (whether made before or after the passing of this Act) of a tenement contains a covenant or agreement (whether expressed or implied and whether general or specific) on the part of the lessee to put or to keep such tenement in repair during the currency of such lease or to leave or put such tenement in repair at the expiration of such lease and there has been a breach of such covenant or agreement, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) the damages recoverable for such breach shall not in any case exceed the amount (if any) by which the value of the reversion (whether mediate or immediate) in such tenement is diminished owing to such breach;
(b) save where the want of repair is shown to be due, wholly or substantially, to wilful damage or wilful waste committed by the lessee no damages shall be recoverable for such breach if it is shown that, having regard to the age and condition of such tenement, the repairing thereof in accordance with such covenant or agreement is physically impossible or that, having regard to the age, condition, character and situation of such tenement, the repairing thereof in accordance with such covenant or agreement would involve expenditure which is excessive in proportion to the value of such tenement, or that, having regard to the character and situation of such tenement, such tenement could not when so repaired be profitably used or could not be profitably used unless it is re-built, re-constructed or structurally altered to a substantial extent.
Covenants against alienation.
56.—(1) Every lease (whether made before or after the passing of this Act) of a tenement which contains a covenant, condition, or agreement absolutely prohibiting or restricting the alienation, either generally or in any particular manner, of such tenement shall have effect as if such covenant, condition, or agreement were a covenant, condition, or agreement either (as the case may be) prohibiting or restricting the alienation, either generally or in any particular manner, of such tenement without the licence or consent of the lessor.
(2) In every lease (whether made before or after the passing of this Act) of a tenement in which there is contained or in which there is implied by virtue of the Act of the late United Kingdom Parliament passed on the 5th day of May 1826 and entitled “an Act to amend the Law of Ireland respecting the Assignment and Sub-letting of Lands and Tenements”, or by virtue of the foregoing sub-section of this section a covenant, condition, or agreement prohibiting or restricting the alienation, either generally or in any particular manner, of such tenement without the licence or consent of the lessor, such covenant, condition, or agreement shall, notwithstanding any express provision to the contrary, be deemed to be subject—
(a) to a proviso that such licence or consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, but this proviso shall not preclude the lessor from requiring payment of a reasonable sum in respect of legal or other expenses incurred by him in connection with such licence or consent; and
(b) where such lease is made for a term of more than forty years and is made in consideration wholly or partially of the erection or the substantial addition to or improvement or alteration of buildings, to a proviso to the effect that, in the case of any alienation of such tenement in contravention of such covenant, condition or agreement effected more than seven years before the end of such term, no such licence or consent shall be required if notice in writing of the transaction is given to the lessor within one month after the transaction is effected; and
(c) where such alienation would cause a transfer or increase of any rates, taxes, or other burden to or of the lessor, to a proviso that all expenditure incurred by the lessor by reason of such transfer or increase shall be reimbursed by the lessee to the lessor as and when so incurred and shall be recoverable from the lessee by the lessor as rent under such lease.
Covenants restrictive of user.
57.—(1) Every lease (whether made before or after the passing of this Act) of a tenement which contains a covenant, condition, or agreement absolutely prohibiting the alteration of the user of such tenement shall have effect as if such covenant, condition, or agreement were a covenant, condition, or agreement prohibiting the alteration of the user of such tenement without the licence or consent of the lessor.
(2) In every lease (whether made before or after the passing of this Act) of a tenement in which there is contained a covenant, condition, or agreement prohibiting, either expressly or by virtue of the foregoing sub-section of this section, the alteration of the user of such tenement without the licence or consent of the lessor, such covenant, condition, or agreement shall, notwithstanding any express provision to the contrary, be deemed to be subject:—
(a) to a proviso to the effect that such licence or consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, but this proviso shall not preclude the lessor from requiring payment of a reasonable sum in respect of legal or other expenses incurred by him in connection with such licence or consent; and
(b) if the alteration does not involve any structural alteration of the tenement, to a proviso that no fine or sum of money in the nature of a fine (other than any sum authorised by this section) nor any increase of rent shall be payable for or in respect of such licence or consent; and
(c) if the alteration would cause a transfer or increase of any rates, taxes, or other burden to or of the lessor, to a proviso that all expenditure incurred by the lessor by reason of such transfer or increase shall be reimbursed by the lessee to the lessor as and when so incurred and shall be recoverable from the lessee by the lessor as rent under such lease.
Covenants against making improvements.
58.—(1) Every lease (whether made before or after the passing of this Act) of a tenement which contains a covenant, condition, or agreement absolutely prohibiting the making of any improvement on such tenement shall have effect as if such covenant, condition, or agreement were a covenant, condition, or agreement prohibiting the making of such improvement without the licence or consent of the lessor.
(2) In every lease (whether made before or after the passing of this Act) of a tenement in which there is contained a covenant, condition or agreement prohibiting, either expressly or by virtue of the foregoing sub-section of this section, the making of any improvement on such tenement without the licence or consent of the lessor, such covenant, condition, or agreement shall, notwithstanding any express provision to the contrary, be subject to a proviso that such licence or consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, but this proviso shall not preclude the lessor from requiring the payment of a reasonable sum in respect of legal or other expenses incurred by him in connection with such licence or consent.
Consent of lessor who cannot be found.
59.—Where a lease (whether made before or after the passing of this Act) of a tenement contains a covenant, condition or agreement prohibiting or restricting the doing by the lessee of any particular thing without the licence or consent of the lessor, and the rent reserved by such lease has not been paid for five or more years, and the lessor is not known to and cannot be found by the lessee, the Court may, on the application of the lessee and after the publication of such (if any) advertisements as the Court shall direct and if, having regard to all the circumstances of the case, the Court thinks fit so to do, authorise the lessee, subject to such (if any) conditions as the Court shall think fit to impose, to do the particular thing so prohibited or restricted by such covenant, condition or agreement, and thereupon it shall be lawful for the lessee to do such particular thing without the licence or consent of the lessor, but subject to and in accordance with the conditions (if any) imposed by the Court.
PART VII.
Miscellaneous.
Grant of building leases by the Court.
60.—(1) Any person (in this section referred to as the applicant) who desires to obtain a building lease of land (hereinafter referred to as the building ground) situate in an urban area and either has obtained the consent hereinafter mentioned or is hereinafter exempted from obtaining any consent may apply to the Court for a building lease under this section of such land.
(2) The consent required by the foregoing sub-section of this section to be obtained by the applicant shall be—
(a) where the occupier of the building ground holds the building ground in fee simple or in fee farm or under a lease for a life or lives in being (either with or without a term of years) or under a lease for a term of which not less than ten years are unexpired on the day on which the application under this section is made, the consent in writing of such occupier; or
(b) where the occupier of the building ground (whether he is or is not himself the applicant) holds the building ground for a term of which less than ten years are unexpired on the said day or under a yearly tenancy or any lesser tenancy, the consent in writing of the person for the time being in possession of the lowest interest in the building ground which is sufficient to support the grant on the said day of a lease for one hundred and fifty years.
(3) The applicant shall be exempt from obtaining the consent mentioned in the first sub-section of this section where he is himself the occupier of the building ground and holds the building ground under a lease of which not less than ten years are unexpired on the day on which the application under this section is made.
(4) The notice of motion or other document originating an application to the Court under this section shall contain a statement of the general character and the number of the buildings proposed to be erected under the building lease for which such application is made.
(5) Where an application is made to the Court under this section, the Court shall, before proceeding with the hearing of such application, be satisfied that all necessary parties have notice of the application, and for that purpose the Court may direct such inquiries to be made and notices to be served as it shall think proper and in particular may direct any such notice to be served by advertisement.
(6) Where on the hearing of an application under this section the Court is satisfied, having regard to all the circumstances of the case, that it is reasonable and proper that a building lease should be made under this section of the building ground or any part thereof to the applicant, the Court may direct such building lease to be made accordingly.
(7) The following provisions shall have effect in respect of every building lease made under this section, that is to say:—
(a) such lease shall be made for such term, not exceeding one hundred and fifty years, as the Court shall direct, commencing on such date as the Court shall fix;
(b) such lease shall reserve such rent or rents to such persons as the Court shall direct;
(c) where the Court so directs, such lease shall be expressed as a lease and a series of reversionary leases;
(d) such lease shall contain such covenants and conditions (including a covenant by the lessee to erect a building or buildings on the demised premises in accordance with plans approved of by the lessor, or the Court, or otherwise) as the Court shall direct;
(e) the parties to such lease shall be such persons as the Court shall direct;
(f) the draft of such lease shall be settled and approved of by the Court;
(g) the Court may authorise the postponement of the execution of such lease until the building or buildings or a specified part thereof shall have been completed.
(8) Where a person who is directed by the Court to be a party to a building lease under this section is, by reason of his being a trustee, personal representative, or other person having a fiduciary capacity or by reason of his being an infant or by reason of his having only an estate for his life, or in tail or other limited estate or by reason of restrictive covenants in the lease under which he holds the building ground, incapable in law of being a party to such lease for the purposes directed by the Court, the Court may by order empower such person to be a party to such lease for those purposes and to execute such lease accordingly.
(9) Where a person who is directed by the Court to be a party to a building lease under this section is an infant, or a person of unsound mind, or cannot be found, or refuses or fails to execute such lease, the Court may appoint an officer of the Court to execute such lease for and in the name of such person, and thereupon the execution, of such lease by such officer for and in the name of such person shall for all purposes be as effectual as the execution thereof by such person.
(10) For the purposes of and in relation to a building lease under this section, the Court may, if it thinks fit, dispense with the consent or concurrence of the trustees for the purposes of the Settled Land Acts, 1882 to 1890, of any settlement, whether there are or are not any such trustees.
(11) All costs and expenses of or incidental to an application to the Court under this section and of or incidental to the preparation, execution, and completion of the building lease (if any) made in pursuance of such application shall, unless the Court for special reason otherwise directs, be borne and paid by the applicant.
(12) This section shall not apply to any land which is vested in or held in trust by any local or public authority (otherwise than as tenants thereof) for the purposes of their powers and duties as such or is held by any corporation for the purposes of a railway, tramway, dock, canal, water, gas, electricity or other public undertaking.
Right of set-off against rent in certain cases.
61.—(1) Where the landlord of a tenement fails or neglects to execute repairs to such tenement which he is bound by covenant, agreement, or otherwise by law to execute and has been called upon by the tenant of such tenement to execute, and such tenant executes such repairs at his own expense, such tenant may—
(a) where the amount expended by him in the execution of such repairs is equal to or less than the amount of the next gale of the rent of such tenement accruing due after such expenditure, set-off the amount so expended, so far as it will extend, against such gale of rent, or
(b) where the amount so expended by such tenant exceeds the amount of such gale of rent, set-off the amount so expended against such gale of rent and every succeeding gale of such rent until by means of such set-off the amount so expended is repaid to such tenant.
(2) Where a set-off is made under this section against the whole or part of a gale of rent, the landlord entitled to receive such rent shall, on receiving evidence of the expenditure of the amount so set-off, be bound to give the like receipt for such gale of rent as he would be bound to give if such gale or the whole of such gale had been paid in money.
Amendment οf section 6 of the Settled Land Act, 1882.
62.—The powers of granting building leases conferred on a tenant for life by section 6 of the Settled Land Act, 1882, shall, in the case of land situate in an urban area, be extended so as to authorise the grant of building leases of such land for any term not exceeding one hundred and fifty years.
Service of notices.
63.—(1) Any notice or other document required or authorised by this Act to be served by a tenant on his landlord may be so served by sending the same by prepaid post addressed to the person to whom such tenant pays the rent of the tenement to which such notice or document relates at the place at or to which he pays or sends such rent.
(2) Any notice or other document required or authorised by this Act to be served on a tenant may be so served by sending the same by prepaid post addressed to such tenant at the tenement to which such notice or document relates.