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Uimhir 5 de 1989
AN tACHT UM DHLÍNSE CÚIRTEANNA (COINBHINSIÚIN MHUIRÍ), 1989
RIAR NA nALT
Coinbhinsiún na Bruiséile maidir le longa Farraige a Ghabháil
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Coinbhinsiún na Bruiséile ar Rialacha Áirithe i dTaca le Dlínse Shibhialta in Ábhair a Bhaineann le hImbhualadh
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Ilghnéitheach
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An Coinbhinsiún Idirnáisiúnta maidir le Longa Farraige a Ghabháil, a Síníodh sa Bhruiséil, an 10 Bealtaine, 1952
An Coinbhinsiún Idirnáisiúnta ar Rialacha Áirithe i dTaca le Dlínse Shibhialta in Ábhair a bhaineann le hImbhualadh, a Síníodh sa Bhruiséil, an 10 Bealtaine, 1952
Na hAchtanna dá dTagraítear | |
Mail Ships Act, 1891 | 1891, c. 31 |
Merchant Shipping Act, 1894 | 1894, c. 60 |
Uimhir 5 de 1989
AN tACHT UM DHLÍNSE CÚIRTEANNA (COINBHINSIÚIN MHUIRÍ), 1989
[An tiontú oifigiúil]
CUID I
Coinbhinsiún na Bruiséile maidir le Longa Farraige a Ghabháil
Léiriú ar Chuid I.
1.—Sa Chuid seo—
ciallaíonn “Stát Conarthach” stát a bhfuil an Coinbhinsiún i bhfeidhm maidir leis de réir fhorálacha an Choinbhinsiúin;
ciallaíonn “an Coinbhinsiún” an Coinbhinsiún Idirnáisiúnta maidir le longa farraige a ghabháil a síníodh sa Bhruiséil an 10ú lá de Bhealtaine, 1952.
Léiriú ar an gCoinbhinsiún.
2.—(1) Beidh feidhm ag forálacha an ailt seo chun an Coinbhinsiún a léiriú.
(2) (a) Forléireofar Airteagal 1 (1) (o) mar airteagal a fholaíonn díospóidí maidir le seilbh loinge.
(b) Forléireofar Airteagal 1 (1) (q) mar airteagal a fholaíonn morgáistiú nó fiach-urrú aon scaire i long.
(3) (a) Chun a chinneadh faoi Airteagal 3 (1) nó 3 (4) cibé acu an bhfuil ceart ann long a ghabháil seachas an long áirithe ar tharla an t-éileamh muirí maidir léi glacfar leis gurb é úinéir na loinge eile a húinéir an tráth ar eisíodh imeachtaí ina haghaidh.
(b) Chun críche Airteagal 3 (2) forléireofar úinéireacht mar úinéireacht a fholaíonn úinéireacht thairbhiúil.
(4) Mura n-éilíonn an comhthéacs a mhalairt—
folaíonn “máistir” gach duine (seachas píolóta) atá i gceannas nó i bhfeighil loinge;
folaíonn “tarrthálas” tagairt do cibé éilimh ar sheirbhísí a rinneadh chun daoine a thabhairt slán ó long nó chun lasta, feisteas nó raic a chaomhnú a údaraítear a dhéanamh faoi ailt 544 go 546 den Merchant Shipping Act, 1894, i dtaca le long (lena n-áirítear, i gcás lasta nó tarrthálas raice, éilimh i leith lasta nó raice a fuarthas ar thalamh).
Stáit Chonarthacha.
3.—(1) Féadfaidh an tAire Gnóthaí Eachtracha a dhearbhú le hordú—
(a) gur Stát Conarthach aon stát a shonraítear san ordú, nó
(b) go ndearnadh forchoimeádas (a mbeidh an téacs de leagtha amach san ordú) de bhun Airteagal 10 den Choinbhinsiún nó go ndearnadh dearbhú (a mbéidh an téacs de leagtha amach san ordú) de bhun Airteagal 18 den Choinbhinsiún, chun Aireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge.
(2) Aon ordú a bheidh i bhfeidhm faoin alt seo, is fianaise é de réir mar a bheidh—
(a) gur Stát Conarthach aon stát a bheidh sonraithe san ordú;
(b) go ndearnadh forchoimeádas nó dearbhú a bheidh leagtha amach san ordú agus ar an ábhar ann.
(3) Féadfaidh an tAire Gnóthaí Eachtracha le hordú ordú faoin alt seo lena n-áirítear ordú faoin bhfo-alt seo a leasú nó a chúlghairm.
Feidhm dlí a bheith ag an gCoinbhinsiún.
4.—(1) Faoi réir fhorálacha na Coda seo, beidh feidhm dlí sa Stát ag an gCoinbhinsiún agus tabharfar aird bhreithiúnach air.
(2) Tá téacs an Choinbhinsiúin i mBéarla leagtha amach mar áis thagartha sa Chéad Sceideal a ghabhann leis an Acht seo.
Dlínse na hArd-Chúirte.
5.—(1) Chun críocha an Achta seo agus an Choinbhinsiúin beidh dlínse ag an Ard-Chúirt aon cheann de na héilimh a luaitear in Airteagal 1 (1) den Choinbhinsiún a éisteacht agus a chinneadh in imeachtaí aimiréalachta in rem.
(2) Chun an Coinbhinsiún a chur i bhfeidhm maidir leis an Stát—
(a) ciallaíonn an abairt “an Chúirt nó údarás breithiúnach iomchuí eile”, cibé áit ina dtarlaíonn sé sa Choinbhinsiún, an Ard-Chúirt, agus
(b) ciallaíonn “Cúirteanna” in Airteagal 7 (1), an Ard-Chúirt.
(3) Ní dhéanfaidh aon ní i bhfo-alt (1) den alt seo aon dlínse a bhaint den Ard-Chúirt chun éileamh a bhaineann le longa is infheidhmithe ag an Ard-Chúirt ar shlí eile seachas de bhua an ailt seo, a éisteacht agus a chinneadh.
(4) Más rud é go ndéanann an Ard-Chúirt imeachtaí dá dtagraítear i bhfo-alt (1) den alt seo a bhacadh, a dhiúltú nó a dhíbhe ar an bhforas gur ceart an díospóid i gceist a chur chun eadrána nó a chinneadh ag cúirteanna tíre eile, féadfaidh an chúirt ordú a thabhairt an long a gabhadh nó, i gcás gur tugadh bannaí no urrús eile chun scaoileadh a fháil ó ghabháil, an banna nó an t-urrús sin, a choimeád chun aon dámhachtain nó breithiúnas a shásamh (go páirteach nó go hiomlán)—
(a) a thabharfar maidir leis an díospóid san eadráin nó sna himeachtaí dlíthiúla sa tír eile, agus
(b) a bheidh infheidhmithe sa Stát.
(5) I gcás go ndéanann an chúirt ordú faoi fho-alt (4) den alt seo féadfaidh sí cibé coinníollacha a chur ag gabháil leis an ordú is cuí léi go háirithe coinníollacha maidir le tionscnamh nó ionchúiseamh na headrána nó na n-imeachtaí dlíthiúla iomchuí.
(6) Faoi réir aon fhorála a dhéantar le rialacha cúirte agus aon mhodhnuithe is gá, beidh an dlí agus an cleachtas céanna i bhfeidhm i ndáil le long nó le bannaí nó urrús eile a choimeádtar de bhun ordaithe a dhéanann an chúirt faoi fho-alt (4) den alt seo, a bheadh i bhfeidhm dá mba gur chun críocha imeachtaí sa chúirt sin a choinneofaí iad.
Longa Stáit a ghabháil.
6.—D'ainneoin Airteagail 2 agus 3 den Choinbhinsiún ní dhéanfaidh aon ní sa Choinbhinsiún modhnú ar na rialacha dlí a bheidh i bhfeidhm sa Stát tráth thosach feidhme an ailt seo maidir le gabháil long cogaidh nó long ar le stát iad, nó atá i seirbhís stáit.
Cosaint.
7.—(1) (a) Ní dhéanfaidh aon ní sa Chuid seo difear d'alt 5 den Mail Ships Act, 1891 (a chosnaíonn longa poist ar ghabháil in imthosca áirithe), ná
(b) ní fhorléireofar aon ní sa Chuid seo mar ní a theorannaíonn dlínse na cúirte diúltú do chaingean chun seilbh a fháil ar long nó do chaingean ag máistir nó oifigeach nó ball d'fhoireann loinge nach long Éireannach chun pá a fháil.
(2) Ní dhéanfaidh aon ní sa Chuid seo difear d'alt 552 den Merchant Shipping Act, 1894 (a bhaineann leis an gcumhacht atá ag glacadóir raice long a choinneáil i leith éilimh tarrthálais).
CUID II
Coinbhinsiún na Bruiséile ar Rialacha Áirithe i dTaca le Dlínse Shibhialta in Ábhair a Bhaineann le hImbhualadh
Léiriú ar Chuid II.
8.—Sa Chuid seo—
ciallaíonn “Stát Conarthach” stát a bhfuil an Coinbhinsiún i bhfeidhm maidir leis de réir fhorálacha an Choinbhinsiúin;
ciallaíonn “an Coinbhinsiún” an Coinbhinsiún Idirnáisiúnta ar rialacha áirithe i dtaca le dlínse shibhialta in ábhair a bhaineann le himbhualadh a síníodh sa Bhruiséil an 10ú lá de Bhealtaine, 1952.
Léiriú ar an gCoinbhinsiún.
9.—Chun an Coinbhinsiún a léiriú, mura n-éilíonn an comhthéacs a mhalairt—
folaíonn “uiscí intíre” gach limistéar farraige a luíonn ar thaobh na talún de bhonnlíne fharraigí teorann an Stáit;
folaíonn “calafort” aon chuan, duga, piara, cé, caladh, lamairne, fánán báid, abhainn, inbhear nó dídean atá ceaptha nó a úsáidtear chun cóiríocht, calú nó ancaireacht a chur ar fáil do shoithí nó chun earraí a loingsiú, a dhíloingsiú nó a thrasloingsiú.
Stáit Chonarthacha.
10.—(1) Féadfaidh an tAire Gnóthaí Eachtracha a dhearbhú le hordú—
(a) gur Stát Conarthach aon stát a bheidh sonraithe san ordú, nó
(b) go ndearnadh dearbhú (a mbeidh an téacs de leagtha amach san ordú) de bhun Airteagal 16 den Choinbhinsiún le hAireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge.
(2) Aon ordú a bheidh i bhfeidhm faoin alt seo is fianaise é, de réir mar a bheidh—
(a) gur Stát Conarthach aon stát a bheidh sonraithe san ordú;
(b) go ndearnadh dearbhú a bheidh leagtha amach san ordú agus ar an ábhar ann.
(3) Féadfaidh an tAire Gnóthaí Eachtracha le hordú ordú faoin alt seo lena n-áirítear ordú faoin bhfo-alt seo a leasú nó a chúlghairm.
Feidhm dlí a bheith ag an gCoinbhinsiún.
11.—(1) Faoi réir fhorálacha na Coda seo, beidh feidhm dlí sa Stát ag an gCoinbhinsiún agus tabharfar aird bhreithiúnach air.
(2) Tá téacs an Choinbhinsiúin i mBéarla leagtha amach mar áis thagartha sa Dara Sceideal a ghabhann leis an Acht seo.
Dlínse.
12.—Beidh feidhm ag an gCuid seo i ndáil le dlínse aon chúirte, nach dlínse aimiréalachta, agus freisin i ndáil lena dlínse aimiréalachta, más ann.
CUID III
Ilghnéitheach
Léiriú i gcoitinne.
13.—(1) Sa Chuid seo ciallaíonn “na Coinbhinsiúin” an Coinbhinsiún Idirnáisiúnta maidir le longa farraige a ghabháil agus an Coinbhinsiún Idirnáisiúnta ar rialacha áirithe i dtaca le dlínse shibhialta in ábhair a bhaineann le himbhualadh ar síníodh iad araon sa Bhruiséil an 10ú lá de Bhealtaine, 1952.
(2) Chun críocha na gCoinbhinsiún agus an Achta seo, mura n-éilíonn an comhthéacs a mhalairt—
folaíonn “long” gach cineál soithigh a úsáidtear i loingseoireacht;
folaíonn “soitheach” aon long nó bád, nó aon chineál eile soithigh a úsáidtear i loingseoireacht.
Aisghairm.
14.—Aisghairtear leis seo alt 23 agus, a mhéid a bhaineann sé le Cúirt Aimiréalachta Áitiúil Chorcaí, alt 27 d'Acht na gCúirteanna (Forálacha Forlíontacha), 1961.
Idirthréimhseach.
15.—Ní dhéanfaidh aon ní in aon fhoráil den Acht seo difear d'imeachtaí a thionscnófar roimh thosach feidhme na forála sin.
Gearrtheideal agus tosach feidhme.
16.—(1) Féadfar an tAcht um Dhlínse Cúirteanna (Coinbhinsiúin Mhuirí), 1989, a ghairm den Acht seo.
(2) Tiocfaidh an tAcht seo i ngníomh ar cibé lá nó laethanta a shocróidh an tAire Dlí agus Cirt le hordú nó le horduithe go ginearálta nó faoi threoir aon chríche nó forála áirithe agus féadfar laethanta éagsúla a shocrú amhlaidh chun críoch éagsúil agus forálacha éagsúla.
AN CHÉAD SCEIDEAL
An Coinbhinsiún Idirnáisiúnta Maidir le Longa Farraige a Ghabháil, a Síníodh sa Bhruiséil, an 10 Bealtaine, 1952
Tá na hArdpháirtithe Conarthacha, tar éis a aithint dóibh gurb inmhianaithe rialacha dlí comhionanna áirithe a bhaineann le gabháil long farraige a chinneadh trí chomhaontú, tar éis a chinneadh Coinbhinsiún a chur i gcrích chun na críche sin agus comhaontú leis sin mar a leanas:
Airteagal 1
Sa Choinbhinsiún seo beidh leis na focail seo a leanas na bríonna a shanntar dóibh leis seo:
(1) Ciallaíonn “Éileamh Muirí” éileamh a thig as ní nó nithe díobh seo a leanas:
(a) damáiste ar bith a raibh long ina cúis leis, trí imbhualadh nó ar dhóigh eile;
(b) bás duine nó díobháil do dhuine a raibh long ar bith ina cúis leis nó a tharla i ndáil le hoibriú loinge ar bith;
(c) tarrthálas;
(d) comhaontú maidir le húsáid nó le fruiliú loinge ar bith, cibé acu an trí chonradh fostaithe soithigh nó ar dhóigh eile é;
(e) comhaontú maidir le hiompar earraí in aon long cibé acu an trí chonradh fostaithe soithigh nó ar dhóigh eile é;
(f) cailleadh nó damáistiú earraí, lena n-áirítear bagáiste, a bhí á n-iompar i long ar bith;
(g) caillroinnt ilpháirteach;
(h) longmhorgáiste;
(i) tuáil;
(j) píolótaíocht;
(k) earraí nó ábhair a soláthraíodh in áit ar bith do long chun í a oibriú nó a choimeád i dtreo;
(l) déanamh, deisiú nó trealmhú loinge ar bith nó táillí agus dleachtanna duga;
(m) pá Máistrí, Oifigeach, nó foirne;
(n) eisíocaíochtaí Máistir, lena n-áirítear eisíocaíochtaí a rinne seoladóirí, cairtfhostóirí nó gníomhairí thar ceann loinge nó thar ceann a húinéara;
(o) díospóidí i dtaobh an teidil chun loinge ar bith nó i dtaobh a húinéireachta;
(p) díospóidí idir comhúinéirí loinge ar bith i dtaobh úinéireacht, seilbh, úsáid nó tuilleamh na loinge sin;
(q) morgáistiú nó fiach-urrú loinge ar bith.
(2) Ciallaíonn “gabháil”, long a choinneáil trí phróis bhreithiúnach chun éileamh muirí a áirithiú ach ní fholaíonn sí long a urghabháil d'fhonn breithiúnas a fhorghníomhú nó a shásamh.
(3) Folaíonn “duine” daoine aonair, comhpháirtíochtaí agus comhlachtaí corpraithe, Rialtais, a gcuid Ranna, agus Údaráis Phoiblí.
(4) Ciallaíonn “éilitheoir” duine a líomhnaíonn go bhfuil éileamh muirí ann ina fhabhar.
Airteagal 2
Féadfar long a mbeidh bratach ceann de na Stáit Chonarthacha ar foluain aici a ghabháil i ndlínse aon Stáit de na Stáit Chonarthacha maidir le haon éileamh muirí, ach ní ghabhfar í maidir le haon éileamh eile; ach ní mheasfar go leathnaíonn ná go srianann aon ní sa Choinbhinsiún seo aon cheart nó cumhachtaí atá dílsithe in aon Rialtais nó i Ranna dá gcuid, in Údaráis Phoiblí, nó in Údaráis Duga nó Cuain faoina ndlíthe nó rialacháin baile atá ar marthain, chun soithí laistigh dá ndlínse a ghabháil, a choinneáil nó a chosc ar shlí eile ó sheoladh.
Airteagal 3
(1) Faoi réir fhorálacha mhír (4) den Airteagal seo agus fhorálacha Airteagal 10, féadfaidh éilitheoir an long áirithe ar ina leith a d'éirigh an t-éileamh muirí nó aon long eile leis an duine arbh é úinéir na loinge áirithe é an tráth a d'éirigh an t-éileamh muirí, a ghabháil, fiú amháin má bhíonn an long a ghabhfar ullamh chun seoladh; ach ní fhéadfar aon long, seachas an long áirithe ar ina leith a d'éirigh an t-éileamh a ghabháil maidir le haon cheann de na héilimh mhuirí a áirítear in Airteagal 1 (1) (o), (p) nó (q).
(2) Measfar longa a bheith faoin úinéireacht chéanna nuair is leis an duine nó na daoine céanna na scaireanna go léir iontu.
(3) Ní ghabhfar long, ná ní thabharfar bannaí ná urrús eile níos mó ná aon uair amháin in aon dlínse ná i mbreis is aon dlínse de dhlínsí aon Stáit de na Stáit Chonarthacha i leith an éilimh mhuirí chéanna ón éilitheoir céanna: agus má dhéantar long a ghabháil in aon dhlínse de na dlínsí sin, nó má thugtar bannaí nó urrús eile i ndlínse den sórt sin chun an long a scaoileadh saor nó chun gabháil atá bagartha a sheachaint, cuirfear i leataobh aon ghabháil ina dhiaidh sin ar an long nó ar aon long faoin úinéireacht chéanna ón éilitheoir céanna maidir leis an éileamh muirí céanna, agus scaoilfidh an Chúirt nó údarás breithiúnach iomchuí eile de chuid an Stáit sin an long saor, mura rud é gur féidir leis an éilitheoir an Chúirt nó údarás iomchuí breithiúnach eile a shásamh go ndearnadh faoi dheoidh an banna nó an t-urrús eile a urscaoileadh roimh an ngabháil dá éis sin nó go bhfuil cúis mhaith eile ann chun leanacht leis an ngabháil sin.
(4) I gcás cairtfhostú loinge trína forléasadh, más é an cairtfhostóir agus nach é an t-úinéir cláraithe atá faoi dhliteanas i leith éilimh mhuirí a bhaineann leis an long sin, féadfaidh an t-éilitheoir an long sin nó aon long eile faoi úinéireacht an chairtfhostóra trí fhorléasadh, a ghabháil faoi réir fhorálacha an Choinbhinsiúin seo, ach ní dhlífear aon long eile faoi úinéireacht an úinéara chláraithe a ghabháil i leith na n-éileamh muirí sin.
Beidh feidhm ag forálacha na míre seo maidir le haon chás ina mbeidh duine seachas úinéir cláraithe loinge faoi dhliteanas i leith éilimh mhuirí a bhaineann leis an long sin.
Airteagal 4
Ní fhéadfar long a ghabháil ach amháin faoi údarás Cúirte nó faoi údarás údarás breithiúnach iomchuí an Stáit Chonarthaigh ina ndéanfar an ghabháil.
Airteagal 5
Ceadóidh an Chúirt nó údarás breithiúnach iomchuí eile ar laistigh dá dhlínse a gabhadh an long, an long a scaoileadh saor, ar bhannaí leordhóthanacha nó urrús eile a bheith tugtha, ach amháin i gcásanna inar gabhadh long i leith aon éileamh de na héilimh mhuirí a áirítear in Airteagal 1 (1) (o) agus (p). I gcásanna den sórt sin féadfaidh an Chúirt nó údarás breithiúnach iomchuí eile cead a thabhairt don duine i seilbh na loinge leanúint de thrádáil na loinge, ar an duine sin do sholáthar bannaí leordhóthanacha nó urrús eile, nó féadfaidh sé déileáil ar shlí eile le hoibríocht na loinge le linn thréimhse na gabhála.
D'éagmais comhaontú idir na páirtithe maidir le leordhóthanacht na mbannaí nó an urrúis eile, déanfaidh an Chúirt nó údarás breithiúnach iomchuí eile an cineál bannaí nó urrúis agus méid an chéanna a chinneadh.
An iarraidh chun an long a scaoileadh in aghaidh an urrúis sin ní fhorléireofar í mar admháil dliteanais ná mar tharscaoileadh ar an sochar maidir leis an teorannú dlíthiúil atá le dliteanas úinéir na loinge.
Airteagal 6
Gach ceist maidir le cé acu an bhfuil nó nach bhfuil an t-éilitheoir, in aon chás, faoi dhlitéanas i leith damáistí a bhaineann le gabháil loinge nó le costais na mbannaí nó an urrúis eile a thugtar chun long a scaoileadh saor nó chun gabháil loinge a chosc, cinnfear í le dlí an Stáit Chonarthaigh ar ina dhlínse a rinneadh an ghabháil nó an t-iarratas ar an ngabháil.
Beidh na rialacha nós imeachta a bhaineann le gabháil loinge, leis an iarratas chun an t-údarás dá dtagraítear in Airteagal 4 a fháil, agus le gach ábhar nós imeachta a bhainfidh leis an ngabháil, faoi rialú dhlí an Stáit Chonarthaigh ina ndearnadh an ghabháil nó an t-iarratas ar an ngabháil.
Airteagal 7
(1) Beidh dlínse ag Cúirteanna na tíre ina ndearnadh an ghabháil an cás a chinneadh de bhua a thuillteanais má thugann dlí baile na tíre ina ndearnadh an ghabháil dlínse do na Cúirteanna sin, nó in aon cheann de na cásanna seo a leanas, eadhon:
(a) más sa tír ina ndearnadh an ghabháil atá gnáthchónaí nó príomh-áit ghnó an éilitheora;
(b) más sa tír ina ndearnadh an ghabháil a d'éirigh an t-éileamh;
(c) má bhaineann an t-éileamh le haistear na loinge ar lena linn a rinneadh an ghabháil;
(d) má thig an t-éileamh as imbhualadh nó in imthosca atá faoi réim Airteagal 13 den Choinbhinsiún Idirnáisiúnta um aontú rialacha áirithe dlí maidir le himbhualadh idir soithí, a síníodh sa Bhruiséil an 23 Meán Fómhair, 1910;
(e) más éileamh ar tharrthálas atá ann;
(f) más éileamh i leith mhorgáistiú na loinge a gabhadh, nó i leith a fiach-urraithe, atá ann.
(2) Mura mbeidh dlínse chun cinneadh a dhéanamh de bhua tuillteanais ag an gCúirt ar laistigh dá dlínse a gabhadh an long, forálfar go sonrach leis na bannaí nó leis an urrús eile a thabharfar de réir Airteagal 5 chun go scaoilfí saor an long go dtugtar é mar urrús chun aon bhreithiúnas a shásamh a fhógróidh Cúirt faoi dheoidh ag a mbeidh dlínse cinneadh a dhéanamh amhlaidh; agus déanfaidh an Chúirt nó údarás breithiúnach iomchuí eile na tíre ina ndéantar an ghabháil an t-am a shocrú ar laistigh de a thabharfaidh an t-éilitheoir caingean os comhair Cúirte a mbeidh dlínse den sórt sin aici.
(3) Má aontaíonn na páirtithe an díospóid a chur faoi bhráid dlínse Cúirte áirithe seachas an Chúirt sin ar laistigh dá dlínse a rinneadh an ghabháil nó faoi bhráid eadrána, féadfaidh an Chúirt nó údarás breithiúnach iomchuí eile ar laistigh dá dlínse nó dá dhlínse a rinneadh an ghabháil, an t-am a shocrú ar laistigh de a thionscnóidh an t-éilitheoir imeachtaí.
(4) Más rud é, in aon cheann de na cásanna a luaitear sa dá mhír roimhe seo, nach dtionscnófar an chaingean nó na himeachtaí laistigh den am atá socraithe amhlaidh, féadfaidh an cosantóir iarratas a dhéanamh chun an long a scaoileadh saor nó na bannaí nó an t-urrús eile a scaoileadh saor.
(5) Ní bheidh feidhm ag an airteagal seo maidir le cásanna atá faoi réim fhorálacha an Rhine Navigation Convention arna athbhreithniú, an 17 Deireadh Fómhair, 1868.
Airteagal 8
(1) Beidh feidhm ag forálacha an Choinbhinsiúin seo maidir le haon soitheach a mbeidh bratach de chuid Stáit Chonarthaigh ar foluain aige i ndlínse aon Stáit Chonarthaigh.
(2) Féadfar long a mbeidh bratach de chuid Stáit neamh-Chonarthaigh ar foluain aici a ghabháil i ndlínse aon Stáit Chonarthaigh i dtaca le haon cheann de na héilimh mhuirí a áirítear in Airteagal 1 nó i dtaca le haon éileamh eile a gceadaíonn dlí an Stáit Chonarthaigh gabháil a dhéanamh ina leith.
(3) Ar a shon sin beidh aon Stát Conarthach i dteideal aon Rialtas de chuid Stáit neamh-Chonarthaigh nó aon duine nach mbeidh, ag tráth na gabhála, a ghnáthchónaí nó a phríomh-áit ghnó i gceann de na Stáit Chonarthacha, a eisiamh go hiomlán nó go páirteach ó shochair an Choinbhinsiúin seo.
(4) Ní dhéanfaidh aon ní sa Choinbhinsiún seo modhnú ar ná difear do na rialacha dlí atá i bhfeidhm sna Stáit Chonarthacha faoi seach i ndáil le gabháil aon loinge laistigh de dhlínse an Stáit ar leis a bratach ag duine a bhfuil a ghnáthchónaí nó a phríomh-áit ghnó sa Stát sin.
(5) Más tríú páirtí seachas an t-éilitheoir bunaidh a dhearbhaíonn éileamh muirí cibé acu trí sheachaíocht, sannadh nó ar shlí eile, measfar maidir leis an tríú páirtí sin, chun críche an Choinbhinsiúin seo, go mbeidh an gnáthchónaí nó an phríomh-áit ghnó chéanna aige atá ag an éilitheoir bunaidh.
Airteagal 9
Ní fhorléireofar aon ní sa Choinbhinsiún seo mar ní lena mbunaítear ceart caingne nach n-éireodh, ar leith ó fhorálacha an Choinbhinsiúin seo, faoin dlí a fheidhmíonn an Chúirt ar os a comhair a bhí an cás, ná mar ní lena mbunaítear aon liain mhuirí nach bhfuil le fáil faoin dlí sin ná faoin gCoinbhinsiún um Morgáistí agus Liain Mhuirí más infheidhme an Coinbhinsiún deiridh sin.
Airteagal 10
Féadfaidh na hArdpháirtithe Conarthacha ar an ócáid sínithe, thaisceadh daingniúcháin nó aontachais
(a) an ceart a fhorchoimeád gan an Coinbhinsiún seo a chur i bhfeidhm maidir le gabháil loinge mar gheall ar aon cheann de na héilimh a áirítear i míreanna (o) agus (p) d'Airteagal 1, ach a ndlíthe baile a chur i bhfeidhm maidir le héilimh den sórt sin;
(b) an ceart a fhorchoimeád gan an chéad mhír d'Airteagal 3 a chur i bhfeidhm maidir le gabháil loinge, laistigh dá ndlínse, mar gheall ar éilimh atá leagtha amach in Airteagal 1, mír (q).
Airteagal 11
Gabhann na hArdpháirtithe Conarthacha orthu féin aon díospóidí idir Stáit a éiríonn as léiriú nó feidhmiú an Choinbhinsiúin seo a chur faoi bhráid eadrána ach beidh sin gan dochar d'oibleagáidí na nArdpháirtithe Conarthacha sin a d'aontaigh a gcuid díospóidí a chur faoi bhráid na Cúirte Breithiúnais Idirnáisiúnta.
Airteagal 12
Beidh an Coinbhinsiún seo ar oscailt chun a shínithe ag na Stáit a bheidh i láthair trí ionadaíocht ag an Naoú Comhdháil Taidhleoir eachta ar Dhlí Muirí. Déanfar prótacal an tsínithe a tharraingt suas le cuidiú Aireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge.
Airteagal 13
Daingneofar an Coinbhinsiún seo agus taiscfear na hionstraimí daingniúcháin le hAireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge a chuirfidh taisceadh aon ionstraimí den sórt sin in iúl do na Stáit shínitheacha agus aontacha go léir.
Airteagal 14
(a) Tiocfaidh an Coinbhinsiún seo i bhfeidhm idir an dá Stát a dhaingneoidh é i gcéaduair, sé mhí tar éis dháta taiscthe an dara hionstraim dhaingniúcháin.
(b) Tiocfaidh an Coinbhinsiún seo i bhfeidhm maidir le gach Stát sínitheach a dhaingneoidh é tar éis thaisceadh an dara hionstraim dhaingniúcháin, sé mhí tar éis dháta taiscthe ionstraim dhaingniúcháin an Stáit sin.
Airteagal 15
Féadfaidh aon Stát nach mbeidh i láthair trí ionadaíocht ag an Naoú Comhdháil Taidhleoireachta ar Dhlí Muirí aontú don Choinbhinsiún seo.
Tabharfar fógra faoi aontachas aon Stáit d'Aireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge a chuirfidh an fógra sin in iúl trí mhodhanna taidhleoireachta do na Stáit shínitheacha agus aontacha go léir.
Tiocfaidh an Coinbhinsiún i bhfeidhm maidir leis an Stát aontach sé mhí tar éis an dáta a bhfaighfear an fógra sin ach ní thiocfaidh sé i bhfeidhm roimh theacht i bhfeidhm an Choinbhinsiúin de réir fhorálacha Airteagal 14 (a).
Airteagal 16
Féadfaidh aon Ardpháirtí Conarthach trí bliana tar éis don Choinbhinsiún seo a theacht i bhfeidhm maidir leis an Ardpháirtí Conarthach sin nó tráth ar bith dá éis sin iarraidh a dhéanamh go gcomórfar comhdháil chun leasuithe a bhreithniú ar an gCoinbhinsiún.
Déanfaidh aon Ardpháirtí Conarthach a bheartaíonn leas a bhaint as an gceart seo fógra a thabhairt do Rialtas na Beilge a chomórfaidh an chomhdháil laistigh de shé mhí ina dhiaidh sin.
Airteagal 17
Beidh sé de cheart ag aon Ardpháirtí Conarthach an Coinbhinsiún seo a shéanadh tráth ar bith tar éis dó a theacht i bhfeidhm maidir leis an Ardpháirtí Conarthach sin. Tiocfaidh an séanadh sin in éifeacht bliain amháin tar éis an dáta a mbeidh fógra faoi faighte ag Rialtas na Beilge a chuirfidh an fógra sin in iúl trí mhodhanna taidhleoireachta do na hArdpháirtithe Conarthacha eile go léir.
Airteagal 18
(a) Féadfaidh aon Ardpháirtí Conarthach, an tráth a dhaingneoidh sé an Coinbhinsiún seo nó an tráth a aontóidh sé dó nó aon tráth dá éis sin, a dhearbhú trí fhógra scríofa chuig Aireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge go mbeidh aon cheann de na críocha a mbeidh sé freagrach as a chaidreamh idirnáisiúnta, faoi réim an Choinbhinsiúin. Sé mhí tar éis an dáta a bhfaighidh Aireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge an fógra sin beidh na críocha a bheidh ainmnithe ann faoi réim an Choinbhinsiúin, ach ní bheidh an réim sin ag an gCoinbhinsiún roimh dháta theacht i bhfeidhm an Choinbhinsiúin maidir leis an Ardpháirtí Conarthach sin.
(b) Aon Ardpháirtí Conarthach a mbeidh dearbhú déanta aige faoi mhír (a) den Airteagal seo ag tabhairt aon chríoch a mbeidh sé freagrach as a chaidreamh idirnáisiúnta faoi réim an Choinbhinsiúin, féadfaidh sé, tráth ar bith dá éis sin, a dhearbhú trí fhógra arna thabhairt d'Aireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge go scoirfidh an Coinbhinsiún de réim a bheith aige maidir leis an gcríoch sin agus bliain amháin tar éis d'Aireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge an fógra a fháil, scoirfidh an Coinbhinsiún de réim a bheith aige maidir leis an gcríoch sin.
(c) Cuirfidh Aireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge aon fhógra a fuair sí faoin Airteagal seo in iúl trí mhodhanna taidhleoireachta do na Stáit shínitheacha agus aontacha go léir.
Arna dhéanamh sa Bhruiséil, an 10 Bealtaine, 1952, sa Fhraincis agus sa Bhéarla, agus comhúdarás ag an dá théacs.
AN DARA SCEIDEAL
An Coinbhinsiún Idirnáisiúnta ar Rialacha Áirithe i d Taca Le Dlínse Shibhialta in Ábhair a Bhaineann Le hImbhualadh, a Síníodh sa Bhruiséil, an 10 Bealtaine, 1952
Tá na hArdpháirtithe Conarthacha,
Tar éis a aithint dóibh gurb inmholta é rialacha comhionanna áirithe maidir le dlínse shibhialta in ábhair a bhaineann le himbhualadh a shocrú trí chomhaontú, tar éis a chinneadh Coinbhinsiún a chur i gcrích chun na críche sin agus tar éis comhaontú leis sin mar a leanas:
Airteagal 1
(1) Ní féidir caingean mar gheall ar imbhualadh a tharlaíonn idir soithí farraige, nó idir soithí farraige agus árthaí loingseoireachta intíre, a thabhairt isteach ach amháin:
(a) os comhair na Cúirte mar a bhfuil gnáthchónaí, nó ionad gnó, ag an gcosantóir;
(b) nó os comhair Chúirt na háite ina ndearnadh gabháil ar an long atá á cosaint nó ar aon long eile de chuid an chosantóra is féidir a ghabháil go dleathach, nó i gcás go bhféadfaí gabháil a dhéanamh agus go bhfuil bannaí nó urrús eile tugtha;
(c) nó os comhair Chúirt na háite mar ar tharla an t-imbhualadh nuair a tharla an t-imbhualadh laistigh de theorainneacha calafoirt nó in uiscí intíre.
(2) Is faoin nGearánaí a bheidh sé a chinneadh cé acu Cúirt de na Cúirteanna dá dtagraítear i (1) den airteagal seo a dtionscnófar an chaingean inti.
(3) Ní cheadófar d'éilitheoir caingean bhreise a thabhairt in aghaidh an chosantóra chéanna ar na fíorais chéanna i ndlínse eile, gan scor de chaingean a bheidh tionscanta cheana féin.
Airteagal 2
Ní dhéanfaidh forálacha Airteagal 1 dochar in aon tslí don cheart atá ag na páirtithe caingean maidir le himbhualadh a thionscnamh os comhair Cúirte a roghnaigh siad trí chomhaontú ná an chaingean a tharchur chun eadrána.
Airteagal 3
(1) Féadfar frithéilimh a éiríonn as an imbhualadh céanna a thabhairt os comhair na Cúirte ag a bhfuil dlínse ar an bpríomhchaingean de réir fhorálacha Airteagal 1.
(2) I gcás éilitheoirí leithleacha a bheith i gceist, féadfaidh aon éilitheoir a chaingean a thabhairt os comhair na Cúirte a raibh caingean os a comhair roimhe sin in aghaidh an pháirtí chéanna mar gheall ar an imbhualadh céanna.
(3) I gcás imbhualadh nó imbhuailtí ina raibh dhá shoitheach nó níos mó i gceist ní dhéanfaidh aon ní sa Choinbhinsiún seo aon Chúirt a raibh caingean os a comhair de dheasca fhorálacha an Choinbhinsiúin seo, a chosc ó dhlínse a fheidhmiú faoina dlíthe náisiúnta i gcaingene eile a éiríonn as an teagmhas céanna.
Airteagal 4
Beidh feidhm ag an gCoinbhinsiún seo freisin maidir le caingean mar gheall ar dhamáiste a rinne long amháin do long eile nó don mhaoin nó do na daoine ar bord na long sin trí ionramháil a dhéanamh nó trí fhaillí ionramháil a dhéanamh nó trí neamhchomhlíonadh rialachán fiú nuair nach mbíonn aon imbhualadh iarbhír ann.
Airteagal 5
Ní dhéanfaidh aon ní sa Choinbhinsiún seo modhnú ar na rialacha dlí atá anois agus a bheidh ina dhiaidh seo i bhfeidhm sna Stáit chonarthacha éagsúla i ndáil le himbhuailtí ina mbíonn longa cogaidh nó soithí de chuid Stáit, nó i seirbhís Stáit, i gceist.
Airteagal 6
Ní dhéanann an Coinbhinsiún seo difear d'éilimh a éiríonn as conarthaí iompair nó as aon chonarthaí eile.
Airteagal 7
Ní bheidh feidhm ag an gCoinbhinsiún seo maidir le cásanna a bheidh faoi réim fhorálacha an Rhine Navigation Convention arna athbhreithniú, an 17 Deireadh Fómhair, 1868.
Airteagal 8
Cuirfear forálacha an Choinbhinsiúin seo i bhfeidhm maidir le gach duine leasmhar nuair is le Stáit na nArdpháirtithe Conarthacha na soithí go léir a bheidh i gceist in aon chaingean.
Ar choinníoll i gcónaí:
(1) Maidir le daoine leasmhara as Stáit neamhchonarthacha, go bhféadfaidh gach Stát de na Stáit chonarthacha feidhmiú na bhforálacha thuas a chur faoi réir cómhalartaíochta;
(2) Más as an Stát céanna leis an gcúirt a thriaileann an cás na daoine leasmhara go léir, gurb iad forálacha an dlí náisiúnta seachas forálacha an Choinbhinsiúin a bheidh infheidhme.
Airteagal 9
Gabhann na hArdpháirtithe Conarthacha orthu féin aon díospóidí idir Stáit a éiríonn as léiriú nó feidhmiú an Choinbhinsiúin seo a chur faoi bhráid eadrána ach beidh sin gan dochar d'oibleagáidí na nArdpháirtithe Conarthacha sin a d'aontaigh a gcuid díospóidí a chur faoi bhráid na Cúirte Breithiúnais Idirnáisiúnta.
Airteagal 10
Beidh an Coinbhinsiún seo ar oscailt chun a shínithe ag na Stáit a bheidh i láthair trí ionadaíocht ag an Naoú Comhdháil Taidhleoireachta ar Dhlí Muirí. Déanfar prótacal an tsínithe a tharraingt suas le cuidiú Aireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge.
Airteagal 11
Daingneofar an Coinbhinsiún seo agus taiscfear na hionstraimí daingniúcháin le hAireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge a chuirfidh taisceadh aon ionstraimí den sórt sin in iúl do na Stáit shínitheacha agus aontacha go léir.
Airteagal 12
(a) Tiocfaidh an Coinbhinsiún seo i bhfeidhm idir an dá Stát a dhaingneoidh é i gcéaduair, sé mhí tar éis dháta taiscthe an dara hionstraim dhaingniúcháin.
(b) Tiocfaidh an Coinbhinsiún seo i bhfeidhm maidir le gach Stát sínitheach a dhaingneoidh é tar éis thaisceadh an dara hionstraim dhaingniúcháin, sé mhí tar éis dháta taiscthe ionstraim dhaingniúcháin an Stáit sin.
Airteagal 13
Féadfaidh aon Stát nach mbeidh i láthair trí ionadaíocht ag an Naoú Comhdháil Taidhleoireachta ar Dhlí Muirí aontú don Choinbhinsiún seo.
Tabharfar fógra faoi aontachas aon Stáit d'Aireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge a chuirfidh an fógra sin in iúl trí mhodhanna taidhleoireachta do na Stáit shínitheacha agus aontacha go léir.
Tiocfaidh an Coinbhinsiún i bhfeidhm maidir leis an Stát aontach sé mhí tar éis an dáta a bhfaighfear an fógra sin ach ní thiocfaidh sé i bhfeidhm roimh theacht i bhfeidhm an Choinbhinsiúin de réir fhorálacha Airteagal 12 (a).
Airteagal 14
Féadfaidh aon Ardpháirtí Conarthach trí bliana tar éis don Choinbhinsiún seo a theacht i bhfeidhm maidir leis an Ardpháirtí Conarthach sin nó tráth ar bith dá éis sin iarraidh a dhéanamh go gcomórfar comhdháil chun leasuithe a bhreithniú ar an gCoinbhinsiún.
Déanfaidh aon Ardpháirtí Conarthach a bheartaíonn leas a bhaint as an gceart seo fógra a thabhairt do Rialtas na Beilge a chomórfaidh an chomhdháil laistigh de shé mhí ina dhiaidh sin.
Airteagal 15
Beidh sé de cheart ag aon Ardpháirtí Conarthach an Coinbhinsiún seo a shéanadh tráth ar bith tar éis dó a theacht i bhfeidhm maidir leis an Ardpháirtí Conarthach sin. Tiocfaidh an séanadh sin in éifeacht bliain amháin tar éis an dáta a mbeidh fógra faoi faighte ag Rialtas na Beilge a chuirfidh an fógra sin in iúl trí mhodhanna taidhleoireachta do na hArdpháirtithe Conarthacha eile go léir.
Airteagal 16
(a) Féadfaidh aon Ardpháirtí Conarthach, an tráth a dhaingneoidh sé an Coinbhinsiún seo nó an tráth a aontóidh sé dó nó aon tráth dá éis sin, a dhearbhú trí fhógra scríofa chuig Aireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge go mbeidh aon cheann de na críocha a mbeidh sé freagrach as a chaidreamh idirnáisiúnta, faoi réim an Choinbhinsiúin. Sé mhí tar éis an dáta a bhfaighidh Aireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge an fógra sin beidh na críocha a bheidh ainmnithe ann faoi réim an Choinbhinsiúin, ach ní bheidh an réim sin ag an gCoinbhinsiún roimh dháta theacht i bhfeidhm an Choinbhinsiúin maidir leis an Ardpháirtí Conarthach sin.
(b) Aon Ardpháirtí Conarthach a mbeidh dearbhú déanta aige faoi mhír (a) den Airteagal seo ag tabhairt aon chríoch a mbeidh sé freagrach as a chaidreamh idirnáisiúnta faoi réim an Choinbhinsiúin, féadfaidh sé, tráth ar bith dá éis sin, a dhearbhú trí fhógra arna thabhairt d'Aireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge go scoirfidh an Coinbhinsiún de réim a bheith aige maidir leis an gcríoch sin agus bliain amháin tar éis d'Aireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge an fógra a fháil, scoirfidh an Coinbhinsiún de réim a bheith aige maidir leis an gcríoch sin.
(c) Cuirfidh Aireacht Ghnóthaí Eachtracha na Beilge aon fhógra a fuair sí faoin Airteagal seo in iúl trí mhodhanna taidhleoireachta do na Stáit shínitheacha agus aontacha go léir.
Arna dhéanamh sa Bhruiséil, i scríbhinn bhunaidh amháin, sa Fhraincis agus sa Bhéarla, agus comhúdarás ag an dá théacs, an 10 Bealtaine, 1952.
Number 5 of 1989
JURISDICTION OF COURTS (MARITIME CONVENTIONS) ACT, 1989
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
Brussels Convention on the Arrest of Seagoing Ships
Section | |
Brussels Convention on Certain Rules Concerning Civil Jurisdiction in Matters of Collision
Miscellaneous
International Convention Relating to the Arrest of Seagoing Ships, Signed at Brussels, on May 10, 1952
International Convention on Certain Rules Concerning Civil Jurisdiction in Matters of Collision, Signed at Brussels, on May 10, 1952
Acts Referred to | |
1961, No. 39 | |
Mail Ships Act, 1891 | 1891, c. 31 |
Merchant Shipping Act, 1894 | 1894, c. 60 |
Number 5 of 1989
JURISDICTION OF COURTS (MARITIME CONVENTIONS) ACT, 1989
PART I
Brussels Convention on the Arrest of Seagoing Ships
Interpretation of Part I.
1.—In this Part—
“Contracting State” means a state in respect of which the Convention is in force in accordance with the provisions of the Convention;
“the Convention” means the International Convention relating to the arrest of seagoing ships signed at Brussels on the 10th day of May, 1952.
Interpretation of Convention.
2.—(1) The provisions of this section shall apply for the purpose of interpreting the Convention.
(2) (a) Article 1 (1) (o) shall be construed as including disputes as to possession of a ship.
(b) Article 1 (1) (q) shall be construed as including the mortgage or hypothecation of any share in a ship.
(3) (a) For the purpose of determining under Article 3 (1) or 3 (4) whether a right exists to arrest a ship other than the particular ship in respect of which the maritime claim arose the owner of the other ship shall be taken to be its owner at the time of the issue of proceedings against it.
(b) For the purpose of Article 3 (2) ownership shall be construed as including beneficial ownership.
(4) Unless the context otherwise requires—
“master” includes every person (except a pilot) having command or charge of a ship;
“salvage” includes a reference to such claims for services rendered in saving life from a ship or in preserving cargo, apparel or wreck as, under sections 544 to 546 of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1894, are authorised to be made in connection with a ship (including in the case of cargo or wreck salvage claims in respect of cargo or wreck found on land).
Contracting States.
3.—(1) The Minister for Foreign Affairs may by order declare—
(a) that any state specified in the order is a Contracting State, or
(b) that a reservation (the text of which shall be set out in the order) has been made pursuant to Article 10 of the Convention, or a declaration (the text of which shall be set out in the order) has been made pursuant to Article 18 of the Convention to the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
(2) An order in force under this section shall, as the case may be, be evidence—
(a) that any state specified in the order is a Contracting State;
(b) that a reservation or declaration set out in the order was made and of its contents.
(3) The Minister for Foreign Affairs may by order amend or revoke an order under this section including an order under this subsection.
Convention to have the force of law.
4.—(1) Subject to the provisions of this Part, the Convention shall have the force of law in the State and judicial notice shall be taken of it.
(2) The text of the Convention in the English language is set out for convenience of reference in the First Schedule to this Act.
Jurisdiction of the High Court.
5.—(1) For the purposes of this Act and the Convention the High Court shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine in admiralty proceedings in rem any of the claims mentioned in Article 1 (1) of the Convention.
(2) For the purposes of the application of the Convention to the State—
(a) the expression “the Court or other appropriate judicial authority” where it occurs in the Convention means the High Court, and
(b) “Courts” in Article 7 (1) means the High Court.
(3) Nothing in subsection (1) of this section shall deprive the High Court of any jurisdiction to hear and determine a claim connected with ships exercisable by the High Court otherwise than by virtue of this section.
(4) Where the High Court stays, declines or dismisses proceedings referred to in subsection (1) of this section on the ground that the dispute in question should be submitted to arbitration or be determined by the courts of another country the court may order that the ship arrested or, where bail or other security has been given to obtain release from arrest, the said bail or security, be retained for the purposes of satisfying (in part or in whole) any award or judgment which—
(a) is given in respect of the dispute in the arbitration or in the legal proceedings in the other country, and
(b) is enforceable in the State.
(5) Where the court makes an order under subsection (4) of this section it may attach such conditions to the order as it thinks fit, in particular conditions with respect to the institution or prosecution of the relevant arbitration or legal proceedings.
(6) Subject to any provision made by rules of court and to any necessary modifications, the same law and practice shall apply in relation to a ship, or bail or other security, which has been retained in pursuance of an order made by the court under subsection (4) of this section, as would apply if it were held for the purposes of proceedings in that court.
Arrest of State Ships.
6.—Notwithstanding Articles 2 and 3 of the Convention, nothing in the Convention shall modify the rules of law in force in the State at the commencement of this section in regard to the arrest of warships or ships owned by or in the service of a state.
Savings.
7.—(1) Nothing in this Part—
(a) shall affect section 5 of the Mail Ships Act, 1891 (which protects mail ships from arrest in certain circumstances), or
(b) shall be construed as limiting the jurisdiction of the court to refuse to entertain an action for the possession of a ship or for wages by the master or an officer or member of the crew of a ship that is not an Irish ship.
(2) Nothing in this Part shall affect section 552 of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1894 (which relates to the power of a receiver of wreck to detain a ship in respect of a salvage claim).
PART II
Brussels Convention on Certain Rules Concerning Civil Jurisdiction in Matters of Collision
Interpretation of Part II.
8.—In this Part—
“Contracting State” means a state in respect of which the Convention is in force in accordance with the provisions of the Convention;
“the Convention” means the International Convention on certain rules concerning civil jurisdiction in matters of collision signed at Brussels on the 10th day of May, 1952.
Interpretation of Convention.
9.—For the purpose of interpreting the Convention, unless the context otherwise requires—
“inland waters” includes all sea areas which lie on the landward side of the baseline of the territorial seas of the State;
“port” includes any harbour, dock, pier, quay, wharf, jetty, boat slip, river, estuary or haven intended or used for the accommodation, berthing or anchorage of vessels or for the shipping, unshipping or transhipping of goods.
Contracting States.
10.—(1) The Minister for Foreign Affairs may by order declare—
(a) that any state specified in the order is a Contracting State, or
(b) that a declaration (the text of which shall be set out in the order) has been made pursuant to Article 16 of the Convention to the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
(2) An order in force under this section shall, as the case may be, be evidence—
(a) that any state specified in the order is a Contracting State;
(b) that a declaration set out in the order was made and of its contents.
(3) The Minister for Foreign Affairs may by order amend or revoke an order under this section including an order under this subsection.
Convention to have the force of law.
11.—(1) Subject to the provisions of this Part, the Convention shall have the force of law in the State and judicial notice shall be taken of it.
(2) The text of the Convention in the English language is set out for convenience of reference in the Second Schedule to this Act.
Jurisdiction.
12.—This Part applies in relation to the jurisdiction of any court, not being admiralty jurisdiction, as well as in relation to its admiralty jurisdiction, if any.
PART III
Miscellaneous
Interpretation generally.
13.—(1) In this Part “the Conventions” means the International Convention relating to the arrest of seagoing ships and the International Convention on certain rules concerning civil jurisdiction in matters of collision both signed at Brussels on the 10th day of May, 1952.
(2) For the purposes of the Conventions and this Act, unless the context otherwise requires—
“ship” includes every description of vessel used in navigation;
“vessel” includes any ship or boat, or any other description of vessel used in navigation.
Repeals.
14.—Section 23 and, in so far as it relates to the Cork Local Admiralty Court, section 27 of the Courts (Supplemental Provisions) Act, 1961, are hereby repealed.
Transitional.
15.—Nothing in any provision of this Act shall affect proceedings instituted before the commencement of that provision.
Short title and commencement.
16.—(1) This Act may be cited as the Jurisdiction of Courts (Maritime Conventions) Act, 1989.
(2) This Act shall come into operation on such day or days as the Minister for Justice shall fix by order or orders either generally or with reference to any particular purpose or provision and different days may be so fixed for different purposes and different provisions.
FIRST SCHEDULE
International Convention Relating to the Arrest of Seagoing Ships, signed at Brussels, on May 10, 1952.
The High Contracting Parties, having recognised the desirability of determining by agreement certain uniform rules of law relating to the arrest of seagoing ships, have decided to conclude a Convention for this purpose and thereto have agreed as follows:
Article 1
In this Convention the following words shall have the meanings hereby assigned to them:
(1) “Maritime Claim” means a claim arising out of one or more of the following:
(a) damage caused by any ship either in collision or otherwise;
(b) loss of life or personal injury caused by any ship or occurring in connection with the operation of any ship;
(c) salvage;
(d) agreement relating to the use or hire of any ship whether by charterparty or otherwise;
(e) agreement relating to the carriage of goods in any ship whether by charterparty or otherwise;
(f) loss of or damage to goods including baggage carried in any ship;
(g) general average;
(h) bottomry;
(i) towage;
(j) pilotage;
(k) goods or materials wherever supplied to a ship for her operation or maintenance;
(l) construction, repair or equipment of any ship or dock charges and dues;
(m) wages of Masters, Officers, or crew;
(n) Master's disbursements, including disbursements made by shippers, charterers or agents on behalf of a ship or her owner;
(o) disputes as to the title to or ownership of any ship;
(p) disputes between co-owners of any ship as to the ownership, possession, employment or earnings of that ship;
(q) the mortgage or hypothecation of any ship.
(2) “Arrest” means the detention of a ship by judicial process to secure a maritime claim, but does not include the seizure of a ship in execution or satisfaction of a judgment.
(3) “Person” includes individuals, partnerships and bodies corporate, Governments, their Departments, and Public Authorities.
(4) “Claimant” means a person who alleges that a maritime claim exists in his favour.
Article 2
A ship flying the flag of one of the Contracting States may be arrested in the jurisdiction of any of the Contracting States in respect of any maritime claim, but in respect of no other claim; but nothing in this Convention shall be deemed to extend or restrict any right or powers vested in any Governments or their Departments, Public Authorities, or Dock or Harbour Authorities under their existing domestic laws or regulations to arrest, detain or otherwise prevent the sailing of vessels within their jurisdiction.
Article 3
(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (4) of this Article and of Article 10, a claimant may arrest either the particular ship in respect of which the maritime claim arose, or any other ship which is owned by the person who was, at the time when the maritime claim arose, the owner of the particular ship, even though the ship arrested be ready to sail; but no ship, other than the particular ship in respect of which the claim arose, may be arrested in respect of any of the maritime claims enumerated in Article 1(1) (o), (p) or (q).
(2) Ships shall be deemed to be in the same ownership when all the shares therein are owned by the same person or persons.
(3) A ship shall not be arrested, nor shall bail or other security be given more than once in any one or more of the jurisdictions of any of the Contracting States in respect of the same maritime claim by the same claimant: and, if a ship has been arrested in any one of such jurisdictions, or bail or other security has been given in such jurisdiction either to release the ship or to avoid a threatened arrest, any subsequent arrest of the ship or of any ship in the same ownership by the same claimant for the same maritime claim shall be set aside, and the ship released by the Court or other appropriate judicial authority of that State, unless the claimant can satisfy the Court or other appropriate judicial authority that the bail or other security had been finally released before the subsequent arrest or that there is other good cause for maintaining that arrest
(4) When in the case of a charter by demise of a ship the charterer and not the registered owner is liable in respect of a maritime claim relating to that ship, the claimant may arrest such ship or any other ship in the ownership of the charterer by demise, subject to the provisions of this Convention, but no other ship in the ownership of the registered owner shall be liable to arrest in respect of such maritime claims.
The provisions of this paragraph shall apply to any case in which a person other than the registered owner of a ship is liable in respect of a maritime claim relating to that ship.
Article 4
A ship may only be arrested under the authority of a Court or of the appropriate judicial authority of the Contracting State in which the arrest is made.
Article 5
The Court or other appropriate judicial authority within whose jurisdiction the ship has been arrested shall permit the release of the ship upon sufficient bail or other security being furnished, save in cases in which a ship has been arrested in respect of any of the maritime claims enumerated in Article 1(1) (o) and (p). In such cases the Court or other appropriate judicial authority may permit the person in possession of the ship to continue trading the ship, upon such person furnishing sufficient bail or other security, or may other-wise deal with the operation of the ship during the period of the arrest.
In default of agreement between the parties as to the sufficiency of the bail or other security, the Court or other appropriate judicial authority shall determine the nature and amount thereof.
The request to release the ship against such security shall not be construed as an acknowledgement of liability or as a waiver of the benefit of the legal limitation of liability of the owner of the ship.
Article 6
All questions whether in any case the claimant is liable in damages for the arrest of a ship or for the costs of the bail or other security furnished to release or prevent the arrest of a ship, shall be determined by the law of the Contracting State in whose jurisdiction the arrest was made or applied for.
The rules of procedure relating to the arrest of a ship, to the application for obtaining the authority referred to in Article 4, and to all matters of procedure which the arrest may entail, shall be governed by the law of the Contracting State in which the arrest was made or applied for.
Article 7
(1) The Courts of the country in which the arrest was made shall have jurisdiction to determine the case upon its merits if the domestic law of the country in which the arrest is made gives jurisdiction to such Courts, or in any of the following cases, namely:
(a) if the claimant has his habitual residence or principal place of business in the country in which the arrest was made;
(b) if the claim arose in the country in which the arrest was made;
(c) if the claim concerns the voyage of the ship during which the arrest was made;
(d) if the claim arose out of a collision or in circumstances covered by Article 13 of the International Convention for the unification of certain rules of law with respect to collisions between vessels, signed at Brussels on 23rd September, 1910;
(e) if the claim is for salvage;
(f) if the claim is upon a mortgage or hypothecation of the ship arrested.
(2) If the Court within whose jurisdiction the ship was arrested has not jurisdiction to decide upon the merits, the bail or other security given in accordance with Article 5 to procure the release of the ship shall specifically provide that it is given as security for the satisfaction of any judgment which may eventually be pronounced by a Court having jurisdiction so to decide; and the Court or other appropriate judicial authority of the country in which the arrest is made shall fix the time within which the claimant shall bring an action before a Court having such jurisdiction.
(3) If the parties have agreed to submit the dispute to the jurisdiction of a particular Court other than that within whose jurisdiction the arrest was made or to arbitration, the Court or other appropriate judicial authority within whose jurisdiction the arrest was made may fix the time within which the claimant shall bring proceedings.
(4) If, in any of the cases mentioned in the two preceding paragraphs, the action or proceedings are not brought within the time so fixed, the defendant may apply for the release of the ship or of the bail or other security.
(5) This article shall not apply in cases covered by the provisions of the revised Rhine Navigation Convention of 17 October, 1868.
Article 8
(1) The provisions of this Convention shall apply to any vessel flying the flag of a Contracting State in the jurisdiction of any Contracting State.
(2) A ship flying the flag of a non-Contracting State may be arrested in the jurisdiction of any Contracting State in respect of any of the maritime claims enumerated in Article 1 or of any other claim for which the law of the Contracting State permits arrest.
(3) Nevertheless any Contracting State shall be entitled wholly or partly to exclude from the benefits of this Convention any Government of a non-Contracting State or any person who has not, at the time of the arrest, his habitual residence or principal place of business in one of the Contracting States.
(4) Nothing in this Convention shall modify or affect the rules of law in force in the respective Contracting States relating to the arrest of any ship within the jurisdiction of the State of her flag by a person who has his habitual residence or principal place of business in that State.
(5) When a maritime claim is asserted by a third party other than the original claimant, whether by subrogation, assignment or otherwise, such third party shall, for the purpose of this Convention, be deemed to have the same habitual residence or principal place of business as the original claimant.
Article 9
Nothing in this Convention shall be construed as creating a right of action, which, apart from the provisions of this Convention, would not arise under the law applied by the Court which had seisin of the case, nor as creating any maritime liens which do not exist under such law or under the Convention on Maritime Mortgages and Liens, if the latter is applicable.
Article 10
The High Contracting Parties may at the time of signature, deposit of ratification or accession, reserve
(a) the right not to apply this Convention to the arrest of a ship for any of the claims enumerated in paragraphs (o) and (p) of Article 1, but to apply their domestic laws to such claims;
(b) the right not to apply the first paragraph of Article 3 to the arrest of a ship, within their jurisdiction, for claims set out in Article 1, paragraph (q).
Article 11
The High Contracting Parties undertake to submit to arbitration any disputes between States arising out of the interpretation or application of this Convention, but this shall be without prejudice to the obligations of those High Contracting Parties who have agreed to submit their disputes to the International Court of Justice.
Article 12
This Convention shall be open for signature by the States represented at the Ninth Diplomatic Conference on Maritime Law. The protocol of signature shall be drawn up through the good offices of the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Article 13
This Convention shall be ratified and the instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs which shall notify all signatory and acceding States of the deposit of any such instruments.
Article 14
(a) This Convention shall come into force between the two States which first ratify it, six months after the date of the deposit of the second instrument of ratification.
(b) This Convention shall come into force in respect of each signatory State which ratifies it after the deposit of the second instrument of ratification six months after the date of the deposit of the instrument of ratification of that State.
Article 15
Any State not represented at the Ninth Diplomatic Conference on Maritime Law may accede to this Convention.
The accession of any State shall be notified to the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs which shall inform through diplomatic channels all signatory and acceding States of such notification.
The Convention shall come into force in respect of the acceding State six months after the date of the receipt of such notification but not before the Convention has come into force in accordance with the provisions of Article 14 (a).
Article 16
Any High Contracting Party may three years after the coming into force of this Convention in respect of such High Contracting Party or at any time thereafter request that a conference be convened in order to consider amendments to the Convention.
Any High Contracting Party proposing to avail itself of this right shall notify the Belgian Government which shall convene the conference within six months thereafter.
Article 17
Any High Contracting Party shall have the right to denounce this Convention at any time after the coming into force thereof in respect of such High Contracting Party. This denunciation shall take effect one year after the date on which notification thereof has been received by the Belgian Government which shall inform through diplomatic channels all the other High Contracting Parties of such notification.
Article 18
(a) Any High Contracting Party may at the time of its ratification of or accession to this Convention or at any time thereafter declare by written notification to the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs that the Convention shall extend to any of the territories for whose international relations it is responsible. The Convention shall six months after the date of the receipt of such notification by the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs extend to the territories named therein, but not before the date of the coming into force of the Convention in respect of such High Contracting Party.
(b) A High Contracting Party which has made a declaration under paragraph (a) of this Article extending the Convention to any territory for whose international relations it is responsible may at any time thereafter declare by notification given to the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs that the Convention shall cease to extend to such territory and the Convention shall one year after the receipt of the notification by the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs cease to extend thereto.
(c) The Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall inform through diplomatic channels all signatory and acceding States of any notification received by it under this Article.
Done in Brussels, on May 10, 1952, in the French and English languages, the two texts being equally authentic.
SECOND SCHEDULE
International Convention on Certain Rules Concerning Civil Jurisdiction in Matters of Collision, Signed at Brussels, on May 10, 1952.
The High Contracting Parties,
Having recognised the advisability of establishing by agreement certain uniform rules relating to civil jurisdiction in matters of collision, have decided to conclude a Convention for this purpose and thereto have agreed as follows:
Article 1
(1) An action for collision occurring between seagoing vessels, or between seagoing vessels and inland navigation craft, can only be introduced:
(a) either before the Court where the defendant has his habitual residence or a place of business;
(b) or before the Court of the place where arrest has been effected of the defendant ship or of any other ship belonging to the defendant which can be lawfully arrested, or where arrest could have been effected and bail or other security has been furnished;
(c) or before the Court of the place of collision when the collision has occurred within the limits of a port or in inland waters.
(2) It shall be for the Plaintiff to decide in which of the Courts referred to in (1) of this article the action shall be instituted.
(3) A claimant shall not be allowed to bring a further action against the same defendant on the same facts in another jurisdiction, without discontinuing an action already instituted.
Article 2
The provisions of Article 1 shall not in any way prejudice the right of the parties to bring an action in respect of a collision before a Court they have chosen by agreement or to refer it to arbitration.
Article 3
(1) Counterclaims arising out of the same collision can be brought before the Court having jurisdiction over the principal action in accordance with the provisions of Article 1.
(2) In the event of there being several claimants, any claimant may bring his action before the Court previously seized of an action against the same party arising out of the same collision.
(3) In the case of a collision or collisions in which two or more vessels are involved nothing in this Convention shall prevent any Court seized of an action by reason of the provisions of this Convention from exercising jurisdiction under its national laws in further actions arising out of the same incident.
Article 4
This Convention shall also apply to an action for damage caused by one ship to another or to the property or persons on board such ships through the carrying out of or the omission to carry out a manoeuvre or through non-compliance with regulations even when there has been no actual collision.
Article 5
Nothing contained in this Convention shall modify the rules of law now or hereafter in force in the various contracting States in regard to collisions involving warships or vessels owned by or in the service of a State.
Article 6
This Convention does not affect claims arising from contracts of carriage or from any other contracts.
Article 7
This Convention shall not apply in cases covered by the provisions of the revised Rhine Navigation Convention of 17 October, 1868.
Article 8
The provisions of this Convention shall be applied as regards all persons interested when all the vessels concerned in any action belong to States of the High Contracting Parties.
Provided always that:
(1) As regards persons interested who belong to a non-contracting State, the application of the above provisions may be made by each of the contracting States conditional upon reciprocity;
(2) Where all the persons interested belong to the same State as the court trying the case, the provisions of the national law and not of the Convention are applicable.
Article 9
The High Contracting Parties undertake to submit to arbitration any disputes between States arising out of the interpretation or application of this Convention, but this shall be without prejudice to the obligations of those High Contracting Parties who have agreed to submit their disputes to the International Court of Justice.
Article 10
This Convention shall be open for signature by the States represented at the Ninth Diplomatic Conference on Maritime Law. The protocol of signature shall be drawn up through the good offices of the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Article 11
This Convention shall be ratified and the instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs which shall notify all signatory and acceding States of the deposit of any such instruments.
Article 12
(a) This Convention shall come into force between the two States which first ratify it, six months after the date of the deposit of the second instrument of ratification.
(b) This Convention shall come into force in respect of each signatory State which ratifies it after the deposit of the second instrument of ratification six months after the date of the deposit of the instrument of ratification of that State.
Article 13
Any State not represented at the Ninth Diplomatic Conference on Maritime Law may accede to this Convention.
The accession of any State shall be notified to the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs which shall inform through diplomatic channels all signatory and acceding States of such notification.
The Convention shall come into force in respect of the acceding State six months after the date of the receipt of such notification but not before the Convention has come into force in accordance with the provisions of Article 12 (a).
Article 14
Any High Contracting Party may three years after the coming into force of this Convention in respect of such High Contracting Party or at any time thereafter request that a conference be convened in order to consider amendments to the Convention.
Any High Contracting Party proposing to avail itself of this right shall notify the Belgian Government which shall convene the conference within six months thereafter.
Article 15
Any High Contracting Party shall have the right to denounce this Convention at any time after the coming into force thereof in respect of such High Contracting Party. This denunciation shall take effect one year after the date on which notification thereof has been received by the Belgian Government which shall inform through diplomatic channels all the other High Contracting Parties of such notification.
Article 16
(a) Any High Contracting Party may at the time of its ratification of or accession to this Convention or at any time thereafter declare by written notification to the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs that the Convention shall extend to any of the territories for whose international relations it is responsible. The Convention shall six months after the date of the receipt of such notification by the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs extend to the territories named therein, but not before the date of the coming into force of the Convention in respect of such High Contracting Party.
(b) A High Contracting Party which has made a declaration under paragraph (a) of this Article extending the convention to any territory for whose international relations it is responsible may at any time thereafter declare by notification given to the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs that the Convention shall cease to extend to such territory and the Convention shall one year after the receipt of the notification by the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs cease to extend thereto.
(c) The Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall inform through diplomatic channels all signatory and acceding States of any notification received by it under this Article.
Done in Brussels, in a single original in the French and English languages, the two texts being equally authentic, on May 10, 1952.