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Number 27 of 1976
FAMILY HOME PROTECTION ACT, 1976
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
Acts Referred to | |
1957, No. 6. | |
Conveyancing Act, 1882 | 1882, c. 39. |
1957, No. 5. | |
1964, No. 7. | |
1976, No. 11. | |
Registration of Deeds Act, 1707 | 1707, c. 2. |
1964, No. 16. | |
Number 27 of 1976
FAMILY HOME PROTECTION ACT, 1976
Interpretation.
1.—(1) In this Act, except where the context otherwise requires—
“conduct” includes an act and a default or other omission;
“conveyance” includes a mortgage, lease, assent, transfer, disclaimer, release and any other disposition of property otherwise than by a will or a donatio mortis causa and also includes an enforceable agreement (whether conditional or unconditional) to make any such conveyance, and “convey” shall be construed accordingly;
“the court” means the court having jurisdiction under section 10;
“dependent child of the family”, in relation to a spouse or spouses, means any child—
(a) of both spouses, or adopted by both spouses under the Adoption Acts, 1952 to 1974, or in relation to whom both spouses are in loco parentis, or
(b) of either spouse, or adopted by either spouse under the Adoption Acts, 1952 to 1974, or in relation to whom either spouse is in loco parentis, where the other spouse, being aware that he is not the parent of the child, has treated the child as a member of the family,
who is under the age of sixteen years, or, if he has attained that age—
(i) is receiving full-time education or instruction at any university, college, school or other educational establishment and is under the age of twenty-one years, or
(ii) is suffering from mental or physical disability to such extent that it is not reasonably possible for him to maintain himself fully;
“family home” has the meaning assigned by section 2;
“household chattels” has the meaning assigned by section 9 (7);
“interest” means any estate, right, title or other interest, legal or equitable;
“mortgage” includes an equitable mortgage, a charge on registered land and a chattel mortgage, and cognate words shall be construed accordingly;
“rent” includes a conventional rent, a rentcharge within the meaning of section 2 (1) of the Statute of Limitations, 1957, and a terminable annuity payable in respect of a loan for the purchase of a family home.
(2) References in this Act to any enactment shall be construed as references to that enactment as amended or extended by any subsequent enactment, including this Act.
(3) (a) A reference in this Act to a section is a reference to a section of this Act, unless it is indicated that reference to some other enactment is intended.
(b) A reference in this Act to a subsection is a reference to the subsection of the section in which the reference occurs unless it is indicated that reference to some other section is intended.
Family home.
2.—(1) In this Act “family home” means, primarily, a dwelling in which a married couple ordinarily reside. The expression comprises, in addition, a dwelling in which a spouse whose protection is in issue ordinarily resides or, if that spouse has left the other spouse, ordinarily resided before so leaving.
(2) In subsection (1) “dwelling” means—
(a) any building, or
(b) any structure, vehicle or vessel (whether mobile or not),
or part thereof, occupied as a separate dwelling and includes any garden or portion of ground attached to and usually occupied with the dwelling or otherwise required for the amenity or convenience of the dwelling.
Alienation of interest in family home.
3.—(1) Where a spouse, without the prior consent in writing of the other spouse, purports to convey any interest in the family home to any person except the other spouse, then, subject to subsections (2) and (3) and section 4, the purported conveyance shall be void.
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to a conveyance if it is made by a spouse in pursuance of an enforceable agreement made before the marriage of the spouses.
(3) No conveyance shall be void by reason only of subsection (1)—
(a) if it is made to a purchaser for full value,
(b) if it is made, by a person other than the spouse making the purported conveyance referred to in subsection (1), to a purchaser for value, or
(c) if its validity depends on the validity of a conveyance in respect of which any of the conditions mentioned in subsection (2) or paragraph (a) or (b) is satisfied.
(4) If any question arises in any proceedings as to whether a conveyance is valid by reason of subsection (2) or (3), the burden of proving that validity shall be on the person alleging it.
(5) In subsection (3), “full value” means such value as amounts or approximates to the value of that for which it is given.
(6) In this section, “purchaser” means a grantee, lessee, assignee, mortgagee, chargeant or other person who in good faith acquires an estate or interest in property.
(7) For the purposes of this section, section 3 of the Conveyancing Act, 1882, shall be read as if the words “as such” wherever they appear in paragraph (ii) of subsection (1) of that section were omitted.
Consent of spouse.
4.—(1) Where the spouse whose consent is required under section 3 (1) omits or refuses to consent, the court may, subject to the provisions of this section, dispense with the consent.
(2) The court shall not dispense with the consent of a spouse unless the court considers that it is unreasonable for the spouse to withhold consent, taking into account all the circumstances, including—
(a) the respective needs and resources of the spouses and of the dependent children (if any) of the family, and
(b) in a case where the spouse whose consent is required is offered alternative accommodation, the suitability of that accommodation having regard to the respective degrees of security of tenure in the family home and in the alternative accommodation.
(3) Where the spouse whose consent is required under section 3 (1) has deserted and continues to desert the other spouse, the court shall dispense with the consent. For this purpose, desertion includes conduct on the part of the former spouse that results in the other spouse, with just cause, leaving and living separately and apart from him.
(4) Where the spouse whose consent is required under section 3 (1) is incapable of consenting by reason of unsoundness of mind or other mental disability or has not after reasonable inquiries been found, the court may give the consent on behalf of that spouse, if it appears to the court to be reasonable to do so.
Conduct leading to loss of family home.
5.—(1) Where it appears to the court, on the application of a spouse, that the other spouse is engaging in such conduct as may lead to the loss of any interest in the family home or may render it unsuitable for habitation as a family home with the intention of depriving the applicant spouse or a dependent child of the family of his residence in the family home, the court may make such order as it considers proper, directed to the other spouse or to any other person, for the protection of the family home in the interest of the applicant spouse or such child.
(2) Where it appears to the court, on the application of a spouse, that the other spouse has deprived the applicant spouse or a dependent child of the family of his residence in the family home by conduct that resulted in the loss of any interest therein or rendered it unsuitable for habitation as a family home, the court may order the other spouse or any other person to pay to the applicant spouse such amount as the court considers proper to compensate the applicant spouse and any such child for their loss or make such other order directed to the other spouse or to any other person as may appear to the court to be just and equitable.
Payment of outgoings on family home.
6.—(1) Any payment or tender made or any other thing done by one spouse in or towards satisfaction of any liability of the other spouse in respect of rent, rates, mortgage payments or other outgoings affecting the family home shall be as good as if made or done by the other spouse, and shall be treated by the person to whom such payment is made or such thing is done as though it were made or done by the other spouse.
(2) Nothing in subsection (1) shall affect any claim by the first-mentioned spouse against the other to an interest in the family home by virtue of such payment or thing made or done by the first-mentioned spouse.
Adjournment of proceedings by mortgagee or lessor for possession or sale of family home.
7.—(1) Where a mortgagee or lessor of the family home brings an action against a spouse in which he claims possession or sale of the home by virtue of the mortgage or lease in relation to the non-payment by that spouse of sums due thereunder, and it appears to the court—
(a) that the other spouse is capable of paying to the mortgagee or lessor the arrears (other than arrears of principal or interest or rent that do not constitute part of the periodical payments due under the mortgage or lease) of money due under the mortgage or lease within a reasonable time, and future periodical payments falling due under the mortgage or lease, and that the other spouse desires to pay such arrears and periodical payments; and
(b) that it would in all the circumstances, having regard to the terms of the mortgage or lease, the interests of the mortgagee or lessor and the respective interests of the spouses, be just and equitable to do so,
the court may adjourn the proceedings for such period and on such terms as appear to the court to be just and equitable.
(2) In considering whether to adjourn the proceedings under this section and, if so, for what period and on what terms they should be adjourned, the court shall have regard in particular to whether the spouse of the mortgagor or lessee has been informed (by or on behalf of the mortgagee or lessor or otherwise) of the non-payment of the sums in question or of any of them.
Modification of terms of mortgage or lease as to payment of capital sum.
8.—(1) Where, on an application by a spouse, after proceedings have been adjourned under section 7, it appears to the court that—
(a) all arrears (other than arrears of principal or interest or rent that do not constitute part of the periodical payments due under the mortgage or lease) of money due under the mortgage or lease, and
(b) all the periodical payments due to date under the mortgage or lease,
have been paid off and that the periodical payments subsequently falling due will continue to be paid, the court may by order declare accordingly.
(2) If the court makes an order under subsection (1), any term in a mortgage or lease whereby the default in payment that gave rise to the proceedings under section 7 has, at any time before or after the initial hearing of such proceedings, resulted or would have resulted in the capital sum advanced thereunder (or part of such sum or interest thereon) or any sum other than the periodical payments, as the case may be, becoming due, shall be of no effect for the purpose of such proceedings or any subsequent proceedings in respect of the sum so becoming due.
Restriction on disposal of household chattels.
9.—(1) Where it appears to the court, on the application of a spouse, that there are reasonable grounds for believing that the other spouse intends to sell, lease, pledge, charge or otherwise dispose of or to remove such a number or proportion of the household chattels in a family home as would be likely to make it difficult for the applicant spouse or a dependent child of the family to reside in the family home without undue hardship, the court may by order prohibit, on such terms as it may see fit, the other spouse from making such intended disposition or removal.
(2) Where matrimonial proceedings have been instituted by either spouse, neither spouse shall sell, lease, pledge, charge or otherwise dispose of or remove any of the household chattels in the family home until the proceedings have been finally determined, unless—
(a) the other spouse has consented to such sale, lease, pledge, charge or other disposition or removal, or
(b) the court before which the proceedings have been instituted, on application to it by the spouse who desires to make such disposition or removal, permits that spouse to do so, which permission may be granted on such terms as the court may see fit.
(3) In subsection (2) “matrimonial proceedings” includes proceedings under section 12 of the Married Women's Status Act, 1957, under the Guardianship of Infants Act, 1964, or under section 21 or 22 of the Family Law (Maintenance of Spouses and Children) Act, 1976.
(4) A spouse who contravenes the provisions of subsection (2) shall, without prejudice to any other liability, civil or criminal, be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £100 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both.
(5) Where it appears to the court, on application to it by either spouse, that the other spouse—
(a) has contravened an order under subsection (1) or the provisions of subsection (2), or
(b) has sold, leased, pledged, charged or otherwise disposed of or removed such a number or proportion of the household chattels in the family home as has made or is likely to make it difficult for the applicant spouse or a dependent child of the family to reside in the family home without undue hardship,
the court may order that other spouse to provide household chattels for the applicant spouse, or a sum of money in lieu thereof, so as to place the applicant spouse or the dependent child of the family as nearly as possible in the position that prevailed before such contravention, disposition or removal.
(6) Where a third person, before a sale, lease, pledge, charge or other disposition of any household chattel to him by a spouse, is informed in writing by the other spouse that he intends to take proceedings in respect of such disposition or intended disposition, the court in proceedings under this section may make such order, directed to the former spouse or the third person, in respect of such chattel as appears to it to be proper in the circumstances.
(7) For the purposes of this section “household chattels” means furniture, bedding, linen, china, earthenware, glass, books and other chattels of ordinary household use or ornament and also consumable stores, garden effects and domestic animals, but does not include any chattels used by either spouse for business or professional purposes or money or security for money.
Jurisdiction.
10.—(1) The jurisdiction conferred on a court by this Act may be exercised by the High Court.
(2) Subject to subsections (3) and (4), the Circuit Court shall concurrently with the High Court have all the jurisdiction of the High Court to hear and determine proceedings under this Act.
(3) Where either spouse is a person of unsound mind and there is a committee of the spouse's estate, the jurisdiction conferred by this Act may, subject to subsection (4), be exercised by the court that has appointed the committee.
(4) Where the rateable value of the land to which the proceedings relate exceeds £100 or the value of the personal property to which the proceedings relate exceeds £5,000 and the proceedings are brought in the Circuit Court, that Court shall, if a defendant so requires, transfer the proceedings to the High Court, but any order made or act done in the course of such proceedings before such transfer shall be valid unless discharged or varied by order of the High Court.
(5) The District Court shall, subject to subsection (3), have jurisdiction to deal with a question arising under section 9 where the value of the household chattels intended to be disposed of or removed or actually disposed of or removed, as the case may be, does not exceed £1,000.
(6) Proceedings under or referred to in this Act in which each spouse is a party (whether by joinder or otherwise) shall be conducted in a summary manner and shall be heard otherwise than in public.
(7) Proceedings in the High Court and in the Circuit Court under or referred to in this Act in which each spouse is a party (whether by joinder or otherwise) shall be heard in chambers.
Joinder of parties.
11.—In any proceedings under or referred to in this Act each of the spouses as well as any third person who has or may have an interest in the proceedings may be joined—
(a) by service upon him of a third-party notice by an existing party to the proceedings, or
(b) by direction of the court.
Registration of notice of existence of marriage.
12.—(1) A spouse may register in the Registry of Deeds pursuant to the Registration of Deeds Act, 1707 (in the case of unregistered property) or under the Registration of Title Act, 1964 (in the case of registered land) a notice stating that he is married to any person, being a person having an interest in such property or land.
(2) The fact that notice of a marriage has not been registered under subsection (1) shall not give rise to any inference as to the non-existence of a marriage.
(3) No stamp duty, Registry of Deeds fee or land registration fee shall be payable in respect of any such notice.
Restriction of section 59(2) of Registration of Title Act, 1964.
13.—Section 59 (2) of the Registration of Title Act, 1964 (which refers to noting upon the register provisions of any enactment restricting dealings in land) shall not apply to the provisions of this Act.
Creation of joint tenancy in family home: exemption from stamp duty and fees.
14.—No stamp duty, land registration fee, Registry of Deeds fee or court fee shall be payable on any transaction creating a joint tenancy between spouses in respect of a family home where the home was immediately prior to such transaction owned by either spouse or by both spouses otherwise than as joint tenants.
Offences.
15.—Where any person having an interest in any premises, on being required in writing by or on behalf of any other person proposing to acquire that interest to give any information necessary to establish if the conveyance of that interest requires a consent under section 3 (1), knowingly gives information which is false or misleading in any material particular, he shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable—
(a) on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding £200 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding twelve months or to both, or
(b) on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years,
without prejudice to any other liability, civil or criminal.
Short title.
16.—This Act may be cited as the Family Home Protection Act, 1976.
Uimhir 27 de 1976
AN tACHT UM CHAOMHNÚ ÁRAS AN TEAGHLAIGH, 1976
[An tiontú oifigiúil]
Léiriú.
1.—(1) San Acht seo, ach amháin mar a n-éilíonn an comhthéacs a mhalairt—
folaíonn “iompar” gníomh agus mainneachtain nó neamhghníomh eile;
folaíonn “tíolacas” morgáiste, léas, aontú, aistriú, séanadh, scaoileadh agus aon diúscairt eile maoine ar dhóigh seachas le huacht nó le donatio mortis causa agus folaíonn sé freisin comhaontú infhorfheidhmithe (coinníollach nó neamhchoinníollach) chun aon tíolacas den sórt sin a dhéanamh, agus forléireofar “tíolacadh” dá réir sin;
ciallaíonn “an chúirt” an chúirt ag a bhfuil dlínse faoi alt 10;
ciallaíonn “leanbh cleithiúnach den teaghlach”, maidir le céile nó céilí, aon leanbh—
(a) leis an dá chéile, nó a d'uchtaigh an dá chéile faoi na hAchtanna Uchtála, 1952 go 1974, nó a bhfuil an dá chéile in loco parentis maidir leis, nó
(b) le ceachtar céile, nó a d'uchtaigh ceachtar céile faoi na hAchtanna Uchtála, 1952 go 1974, nó a bhfuil ceachtar céile in loco parentis maidir leis, i gcás ina bhfuil déileáilte ag an gcéile eile, agus a fhios aige nach é tuismitheoir an linbh é, leis an leanbh mar dhuine den teaghlach,
agus atá faoi bhun sé bliana déag d'aois, nó, má tá an aois sin slán aige—
(i) atá ag fáil oideachas nó teagasc lánaimsire in aon ollscoil, coláiste, scoil nó foras eile oideachais agus atá faoi bhun bliain is fiche d'aois, nó
(ii) a bhfuil an oiread sin de mhíchumas meabhrach nó coirp air nach féidir leis le réasún é féin a chothabháil go hiomlán;
tá le “áras teaghlaigh” an bhrí a thugtar dó le halt 2;
tá le “airnéisí tí” an bhrí a thugtar dó le halt 9 (7);
ciallaíonn “leas” aon eastát, ceart, teideal nó leas eile, dlíthiúil nó cothromasach;
folaíonn “morgáiste” morgáiste cothromais, muirear ar thalamh cláraithe agus morgáiste airnéise, agus forléireofar focail ghaolmhara dá réir sin;
folaíonn “cíos” cíos coinbhinsiúnach, cíosmhuirear de réir brí alt 2 (1) de Reacht na dTréimhsí, 1957, agus blianacht infhoirceanta is iníoctha i leith iasacht chun áras teaghlaigh a cheannach.
(2) Déanfar tagairtí san Acht seo d'aon achtachán a fhorléiriú mar thagairtí don achtachán sin arna leasú nó arna leathnú le haon achtachán ina dhiaidh sin, lena n-áirítear an tAcht seo.
(3) (a) Aon tagairt san Acht seo d'alt is tagairt í d'alt den Acht seo mura gcuirtear in iúl gur tagairt d'achtachán éigin eile atá beartaithe.
(b) Aon tagairt san Acht seo d'fho-alt is tagairt í don fho-alt den alt ina bhfuil an tagairt mura gcuirtear in iúl gur tagairt d'alt éigin eile atá beartaithe.
Aras an teaghlaigh.
2.—(1) San Acht seo ciallaíonn “áras teaghlaigh”, go príomhúil, teaghais ina bhfuil gnáthchónaí ar lánúin phósta. Folaíonn an abairt, ina theannta sin, teaghais ina bhfuil gnáthchónaí ar chéile a bhfuil cosaint ina leith ina saincheist nó, má tá an céile sin imithe ón gcéile eile, a raibh gnáthchónaí ann ar an gcéile sin sular imigh sé nó sí amhlaidh.
(2) I bhfo-alt (1) ciallaíonn “teaghais”—
(a) aon fhoirgneamh, nó
(b) aon struchtúr, feithicil nó soitheach (inghluaiste nó doghluaiste),
nó cuid den chéanna, a áitítear mar theaghais ar leithligh agus folaíonn sé aon ghairdín nó geadán talún i dtadhall, agus á áitiú de ghnáth, leis an teaghais nó atá riachtanach ar dhóigh eile mar thaitneamhacht nó áis don teaghais.
Coimhthiú leasa in áras an teaghlaigh.
1882. c. 39.
3.—(1) Má airbheartaíonn céile, gan toiliú a fháil roimh ré i scríbhinn ón gcéile eile, aon leas in áras an teaghlaigh a thíolacadh chuig duine ar bith seachas an céile eile, ansin, faoi réir fho-ailt (2) agus (3) agus alt 4, beidh an tíolacas airbheartaithe ar neamhní.
(2) Ní bhaineann fo-alt (1) le tíolacas i gcás a dhéanta ag céile de bhun comhaontú infhorfheidmithe a rinneadh roimh phósadh na gcéilí.
(3) Ní bheidh aon tíolacas ar neamhní de bhíthin fho-alt (1) amháin—
(a) más tíolacas chuig ceannaitheoir ar luach-chomaoin iomlán é,
(b) más tíolacas é, ó dhuine seachas an céile a bheidh ag déanamh an tíolacais airbheartaithe dá dtagraítear i bhfo-alt (1), chuig ceannaitheoir ar luach-chomaoin, nó
(c) má bhraitheann a bhailíocht ar bhailíocht tíolacais a gcomhlíontar ina leith aon choinníoll dá luaitear i bhfo-alt (2) nó i mír (a) nó (b).
(4) Má éiríonn aon cheist in imeachtaí ar bith i dtaobh tíolacas a bheith bailí de bhíthin fho-alt (2) nó (3), is ar an duine a líomhnóidh go bhfuil sé bailí a bheidh dualgas na bailíochta sin a chruthú.
(5) I bhfo-alt (3), ciallaíonn “luach-chomaoin iomlán” luach atá comhionann, nó i bhfogas do bheith comhionann, le luach an ruda ar a dtugtar é.
(6) San alt seo, ciallaíonn “ceannaitheoir” deontaí, léasaí, sannaí, morgáistí, muirearóir nó duine eile a gheobhaidh eastát nó leas i maoin de mheon macánta.
(7) Chun críocha an ailt seo, léifear alt 3 den Conveyancing Act, 1882, amhail is dá mbeadh na focail “as such” ligthe ar lár aon áit a bhfuil siad i mír (ii) d'fho-alt (1) den alt sin.
Toiliú ó chéile.
4.—(1) Mura ndéanfaidh an céile ónar gá toiliú a fháil faoi alt 3 (1), nó má dhiúltaíonn sé, toiliú a thabhairt, féadfaidh an chúirt, faoi réir forálacha an ailt seo, an toiliú a ligean thar ceal.
(2) Ní ligfidh an chúirt toiliú céile thar ceal mura rud é go measann an chúirt é a bheith míréasúnach ag an gcéile gan toiliú a thabhairt, ag féachaint do na himthosca go léir, lena n-áirítear—
(a) riachtanais agus acmhainní, faoi seach, na gcéilí agus leanaí cleithiúnacha (más ann dóibh) an teaghlaigh, agus
(b) i gcás ina dtairgfear cóiríocht ionadúil don chéile ónar gá toiliú a fháil, oiriúnacht na cóiríochta sin ag féachaint do chéimeanna faoi seach an urrúis ar thionacht i gcás áras an teaghlaigh agus na cóiríochta ionadúla,
(3) Má bhíonn an céile ónar gá toiliú a fháil faoi alt 3 (1) tar éis an céile eile a thréigean agus go leanann sé nó sí den tréigean, ligfidh an chúirt an toiliú thar ceal. Chun na críche sin, folaíonn tréigean iompar ar thaobh an chéile chéadluaite a thugann ar an gcéile eile, ar chúis maith, imeacht agus cónaí ar leithligh agus ar deighilt uaidh.
(4) Más rud é go bhfuil an céile ónar gá toiliú a fháil faoi alt 3 (1) éagumasach ar thoiliú a thabhairt mar gheall ar easláine meabhrach nó míchumas eile aigne nó nach mbeidh sé faighte tar éis fiosruithe réasúnacha a dhéanamh, féadfaidh an chúirt an toiliú a thabhairt thar ceann an chéile sin, más réasúnach leis an gcúirt é sin a dhéanamh.
Iompar a tharraingeodh cailleadh áras an teaghlaigh.
5.—(1) Má fheictear don chúirt, ar iarratas ó chéile, go bhfuil an céile eile ag gabháil d'iompar de shaghas a d'fhéadfadh a thabhairt go gcaillfí aon leas in áras an teaghlaigh, nó a d'fhéadfadh é a fhágáil neamhoiriúnach chun a áitithe mar áras teaghlaigh, le hintinn an céile iarrthach nó leanbh cleithiúnach den teaghlach a chur ó chónaí a bheith aige in áras an teaghlaigh, féadfaidh an chúirt cibé ordú a dhéanamh is cuí léi, agus é dírithe chuig an gcéile eile nó chuig duine ar bith eile, d'fhonn áras an teaghlaigh a chaomhnú ar mhaithe leis an gcéile iarrthach nó leis an leanbh sin.
(2) Má fheictear don chúirt, ar iarratas ó chéile, gur chuir an céile eile an céile iarrthach nó leanbh cleithiúnach den teaghlach ó chónaí a bheith aige in áras an teaghlaigh trí bhíthin iompar a thug cailleadh aon leasa in áras an teaghlaigh nó a d'fhág neamhoiriúnach é chun a áitithe mar áras teaghlaigh, féadfaidh an chúirt a ordú don chéile eile nó d'aon duine eile cibé suim a íoc leis an gcéile iarrthach a mheasfaidh an chúirt is cuí mar chúiteamh don chéile iarrthach agus d'aon leanbh den sórt sin ina gcaillteanas nó cibé ordú eile a dhéanamh agus é dírithe chuig an gcéile eile nó chuig aon duine eile a fheicfear don chúirt a bheith cóir cothromasach.
Ioc eisíocaíochtaí ar áras an teaghlaigh.
6.—(1) Aon íocaíocht nó tairiscint a thabharfaidh nó aon ní eile a dhéanfaidh céile amháin do shásamh nó mar chabhair do shásamh aon dliteanas a bheidh ar an gcéile eile i dtaobh cíosa, rátaí, íocaíochtaí morgáiste nó eisíocaíochtaí eile a bhaineann le háras an teaghlaigh, beidh sé chomh bailí is dá mba é an céile eile a thug nó a rinne é, agus déileálfaidh an duine dá dtabharfar an íocaíocht sin nó dá ndéanfar an ní sin déileálfaidh sé leis ionann is dá mba é an céile eile a thug nó a rinne é.
(2) Ní bheidh éifeacht ag aon ní i bhfo-alt (1) ar aon éileamh ón gcéile céadluaite ar an gcéile eile i dtaobh leas in áras an teaghlaigh de bhua na híocaíochta sin a bheith tugtha nó an ní sin a bheith déanta ag an gcéile céadluaite.
Atráthú imeachtaí ag morgáistí nó ag léasóir chun seilbh a fháil ar áras an teaghlaigh nó chun é a dhíol.
7.—(1) Má thugann morgáistí nó léasóir ar áras an teaghlaigh caingean i gcoinne céile ina n-éileoidh sé seilbh an árais, nó a dhíol, de bhua an mhorgáiste nó an léasa i ndáil le suimeanna a dhlitear faoi a bheith gan íoc ag an gcéile sin, agus go bhfeicfear don chúirt—
(a) go bhfuil an céile eile in ann na riaráistí airgid (seachas riaráistí príomhshuime nó úis nó cíosa nach cuid de na híocaíochtaí tréimhsiúla a dhlitear faoin morgáiste nó faoin léas) atá dlite faoin morgáiste nó faoin léas a íoc laistigh de thréimhse réasúnach leis an morgáistí nó leis an léasóir, mar aon le híocaíochtaí tréimhsiúla a thiocfaidh chun bheith dlite faoin morgáiste nó faoin léas, agus gur mian leis an gcéile eile na riaráistí sin agus na híocaíochtaí tréimhsiúla sin a íoc; agus
(b) sna himthosca uile, ag féachaint do théarmaí an mhorgáiste nó an léasa, do leasanna an mhorgáistí nó an léasóra agus do leasanna faoi seach na gcéilí, go mbeadh sé cóir cothromasach é sin a dhéanamh,
féadfaidh an chúirt na himeachtaí a atráthú go ceann cibé tréimhse agus ar cibé téarmaí is cóir agus is cothromasach leis an gcúirt.
(2) Nuair a bheidh an chúirt á bhreithniú an ndéanfaí atráthú ar na himeachtaí faoin alt seo agus, má dhéantar, cad é an tréimhse agus cad iad na téarmaí ba cheart a cheapadh don atráthú, tabharfaidh an chúirt dá haire go háirithe an bhfuil sé curtha i iúl do chéile an mhorgáisteora nó an léasaí (ag an morgáistí nó an léasóir nó thar a cheann nó ar dhóigh eile) nár íocadh na suimeanna atá i gceist nó aon suim díobh.
Modhnú ar théarmaí morgáiste nó léasa maidir le híoc suime caipitiúla.
8.—(1) Más rud é, ar iarratas ó chéile, tar éis imeachtaí a atráthú faoi alt 7, go bhfeicfear don chúirt go ndearnadh—
(a) na riaráistí airgid uile (seachas riaráistí príomhshuime nó úis nó cíosa nach cuid de na híocaíochtaí tréimhsiúla a dhlitear faoin morgáiste nó faoin léas) a dhlitear faoin morgáiste nó faoin léas, agus
(b) na híocaíochtaí tréimhsiúla uile a dhlitear go nuige sin faoin morgáiste nó faoin léas,
a íoc agus go leanfar d'íoc na n-íocaíochtaí tréimhsiúla a thiocfaidh chun bheith dlite ina dhiaidh sin, féadfaidh an chúirt dearbhú dá réir sin a dhéanamh le hordú.
(2) Má dhéanann an chúirt ordú faoi fho-alt (1), ansin, aon téarma i morgáiste nó i léas ar tharla dá bhíthin go raibh, nó go mbeadh, an neamhíoc as ar éirigh na himeachtaí faoi alt 7 ina chúis, tráth ar bith roimh éisteacht tosaigh na n-imeachtaí sin nó ina dhiaidh sin, leis an tsuim chaipitiúil a airleacadh faoin morgáiste nó faoin léas sin (nó cuid den tsuim sin nó ús uirthi) nó suim ar bith seachas na híocaíochtaí tréimhsiúla, de réir mar a bheidh, a theacht chun bheith dlite, beidh sé gan bhrí chun críocha na n-imeachtaí sin nó aon imeachtaí ina dhiaidh sin i leith na suime a thiocfaidh amhlaidh chun bheith dlite.
Srian le hairnéisí tí a dhiúscairt.
9.—(1) Má fheictear don chúirt, ar iarratas ó chéile, go bhfuil cúiseanna réasúnacha ann chun a chreidiúint go bhfuil d'intinn ag an gcéile eile an oiread sin nó an cion sin a dhíol, a léasú, a chur i ngeall, a mhuirearú nó a dhiúscairt ar dhóigh eile, nó a aistriú, de na hairnéisí tí in áras teaghlaigh a d'fhágfadh gur dócha go mbeadh sé deacair ag an gcéile iarrthach nó ag leanbh cleithiúnach den teaghlach cónaí in áras an teaghlaigh gan cruatan míchuí, féadfaidh an chúirt, le hordú, a thoirmeasc ar an gcéile eile, ar cibé téarmaí is cuí léi, an diúscairt sin nó an t-aistriú sin a dhéanamh.
(2) Má bhíonn imeachtaí maidir le pósadh tionscanta ag ceachtar céile, ní dhéanfaidh ceachtar céile aon airnéis tí dá bhfuil in áras an teaghlaigh a dhíol, a léasú, a chur i ngeall, a mhuirearú ná a dhiúscairt ar dhóigh eile, ná a aistriú, go dtí go mbeidh cinneadh críochnaitheach tugtha sna himeachtaí, mura rud é—
(a) gur thoiligh an céile eile leis an díol, an léasú, an cur i ngeall, an muirearú nó an diúscairt eile sin nó leis an aistriú sin, nó
(b) go ndéanfaidh an chúirt ar tionscnaíodh na himeachtaí os a comhair, ar iarratas chuici ón gcéile ar mian leis an diúscairt nó an t-aistriú sin a dhéanamh, cead chuige sin a thabhairt don chéile sin, agus féadfar an cead sin a thabhairt ar cibé coinníollacha is cuí leis an gcúirt.
(3) I bhfo-alt (2) folaíonn “imeachtaí maidir le pósadh” imeachtaí faoi alt 12 den Acht um Stádas Ban Pósta, 1957, faoin Acht um Chaomhnóireacht Naíon, 1964, nó faoi alt 21 nó 22 den Acht um an Dlí Teaghlaigh (Cothabháil Céilí agus Leanaí), 1976.
(4) Beidh céile a sháróidh forálacha fho-alt (2), gan dochar d'aon dliteanas eile, sibhialta nó coiriúil, ciontach i gcion agus ar é a chiontú go hachomair dlífear fíneáil nach mó ná £100 nó príosúnacht ar feadh téarma nach faide ná sé mhí nó iad araon a chur air.
(5) Má fheictear don chúirt, ar iarratas chuici ó cheachtar céile, go ndearna an céile eile—
(a) sárú ar ordú faoi fho-alt (1) nó ar fhorálacha fho-alt (2), nó
(b) an oiread sin nó an cion sin a dhíol, a léasú, a chur i ngeall, a mhuirearú nó a dhiúscairt ar dhóigh eile nó a aistriú de na hairnéisí tí in áras an teaghlaigh a d'fhág gur deacair nó gur dócha go mbeidh sé deacair ag an gcéile iarrthach nó ag leanbh cleithiúnach den teaghlach cónaí in áras an teaghlaigh gan cruatan míchuí,
féadfaidh an chúirt a ordú don chéile eile sin airnéisí tí, nó suim airgid ina n-ionad, a sholáthar don chéile iarrthach d'fhonn an céile iarrthach nó an leanbh cleithiúnach den teaghlach a chur chomh cóngarach agus is féidir do bheith sa staid a bhí ann roimh an sárú, an dtiúscairt nó an aistriú sin.
(6) Más rud é, sula ndéanfaidh céile aon airnéis tí a dhíol le tríú duine nó a léasú, a chur i ngeall, a mhuirearú nó a dhiúscairt ar dhóigh eile chuige, go gcuirfidh an céile eile in iúl don tríú duine i scríbhinn go bhfuil d'intinn aige imeachtaí a thionscnamh i leith na diúscartha nó na diúscartha beartaithe sin, féadfaidh an chúirt in imeachtaí faoin alt seo cibé ordú is cuí leis an gcúirt sna himthosca a dhéanamh, agus é dírithe chuig an gcéile céadluaite nó chuig an tríú duine, i dtaobh na hairnéise sin.
(7) Chun críocha an ailt seo, ciallaíonn “airnéisí tí” troscán, leapachas, línéadach, soithí poircealláin, cré-earraí, gloiní, leabhair agus airnéisí eile gnáthúsáide tís nó ornáide tís agus ina dteannta sin lóin tomhaltais, earraí gairdín agus ainmhithe tí, ach ní fholaíonn sé aon airnéisí a úsáideann ceachtar céile chun críocha gnó nó gairme ná airgead ná urrús ar airgead.
Dlínse.
10.—(1) Féadfaidh an Ard-Chúirt an dlínse a thugtar do chúirt leis an Acht seo a fheidhmiú.
(2) Faoi réir fho-ailt (3) agus (4), beidh ag an gCúirt Chuarda i gcomhréim leis an Ard-Chúirt dlínse uile na hArd-Chúirte chun imeachtaí a éisteacht agus a chinneadh faoin Acht seo.
(3) Más duine mímheabhrach ceachtar céile agus go bhfuil cúramaí ar eastát an chéile, féadfaidh an chúirt a cheap an cúramaí, faoi réir fho-alt (4), an dlínse a thugtar leis an Acht seo a fheidhmiú.
(4) Más mó ná £100 luach inrátaithe na talún lena mbaineann na himeachtaí nó más mó ná £5,000 luach na maoine pearsanta lena mbaineann na himeachtaí agus gur sa Chúirt Chuarda a thabharfar na himeachtaí, déanfaidh an Chúirt sin, má theastaíonn sin ó chosantóir, na himeachtaí a aistriú chuig an Ard-Chúirt, ach is bailí d'aon ordú nó ní a rinneadh i gcúrsa na n-imeachtaí sin roimh an aistriú sin mura ndéantar urscaoileadh nó athrú air le hordú ón Ard-Chúirt.
(5) Beidh ag an gCúirt Dúiche, faoi réir fho-alt (3), dlínse chun déileáil le ceist a éireoidh faoi alt 9 i gcás nach mó ná £1,000 luach na n-airnéisí tí a bheartaítear a dhiúscairt nó a aistriú nó a ndearnadh iarbhír iad a dhiúscairt nó a aistriú, cibé acu é.
(6) Déanfar imeachtaí faoin Acht seo, nó a dtagraítear dóibh san Acht seo, ar páirtí iontu gach duine den bheirt chéile (cibé acu trí uamadh nó eile é), a sheoladh ar mhodh achomair agus a éisteacht ar dhóigh seachas go poiblí.
(7) Déanfar imeachtaí san Ard-Chúirt agus sa Chúirt Chuarda faoin Acht seo, nó a dtagraítear dóibh san Acht seo, ar páirtí iontu gach duine den bheirt chéile (cibé acu trí uamadh nó eile é), a éisteacht i ndlísheomraí.
Uamadh páirtithe.
11.—In aon imeachtaí faoin Acht seo, nó a dtagraítear dóibh san Acht seo, féadfar gach duine den bheirt chéile chomh maith le haon tríú duine a bhfuil, nó a bhféadfadh sé go mbeadh, leas aige sna himeachtaí a uamadh—
(a) trí fhógra tríú páirtí a sheirbheáil air ó pháirtí atá páirteach cheana féin sna himeachtaí, nó
(b) le hordú ón gcúirt.
Clárú fógra faoi phósadh a bheith ann.
1707, c. 2.
12.—(1) Féadfaidh céile fógra a chlárú i gClárlann na nGníomhas, de bhun an Registration of Deeds Act, 1707 (i gcás maoine neamhchláraithe) nó faoin Acht um Chlárú Teidil, 1964 (i gcás talún claraithe), á rá go bhfuil sé pósta le haon duine, is duine ag a bhfuil leas sa mhaoin nó sa talamh sin.
(2) Más rud é nach ndearnadh fógra faoi phósadh a chlárú faoi fho-alt (1), ní bhainfear de thátal as sin nach raibh pósadh ann.
(3) Ní bheidh aon dleacht stampa ná táille Chlárlann na nGníomhas ná táille chláraithe talún le híoc i leith aon fhógra den sórt sin.
Srian le halt 59 (2) den Acht um Chlárú Teidil, 1964.
13.—Ní bheidh feidhm ar fhorálacha an Achta seo ag alt 59 (2) den Acht um Chlárú Teidil, 1964 (a thagraíonn d'fhorálacha aon achtacháin lena sriantar déileálacha i dtalamh a nótáil ar an gclár).
Cruthú nascthionóntachta in áras an teaghlaigh: díolúine ó dhleacht stampa agus ó tháillí.
14.—Ní bheidh aon dleacht stampa ná táille Chlárlann na nGníomhas ná táille chúirte iníoctha ar aon idirbheart a chruthóidh nasc-thionóntacht idir céilí i leith áras teaghlaigh má bhí an t-áras ar úinéireacht díreach roimh an idirbheart sin ag ceachtar céile nó ag an mbeirt chéile ar dhóigh seachas mar nasc-thionóntaí.
Cionta.
15.—Duine ar bith a mbeidh leas aige in aon áitreabh agus a n-éileofar air i scríbhinn ó aon duine eile nó thar ceann aon duine eile a bheartóidh an leas sin a fháil aon eolas a thabhairt a bheidh riachtanach chun a dheimhniú an bhfuil gá le toiliú faoi alt 3 (1) chun an leas sin a thíolacadh, má thugann sé go feasach eolas atá bréagach nó míthreorach in aon sonra ábhartha, beidh sé ciontach i gcion agus dlífear—
(a) ar é a chiontú go hachomair, fineáil nach mó ná £200 nó príosúnacht ar feadh téarma nach faide ná dhá mhí dhéag nó iad araon a chur air, nó
(b) ar é a chiontú ar díotáil, príosúnacht ar feadh téarma nach faide ná cúig bliana a chur air,
gan dochar d'aon dliteanas eile, sibhialta nó coiriúil.
Gearrtheideal.
16.—Féadfar an tAcht um Chaomhnú Áras an Teaghlaigh, 1976, a ghairm den Acht seo.