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Uimhir 38 de 1937.
ACHT LÉIRIÚCHÁIN, 1937.
CUID I.
Roimhraiteach agus Generalta.
Gearr-theideal.
1.—Féadfar an tAcht Léiriúcháin, 1937, do ghairm den Acht so.
Tosach feidhme.
2.—Tiocfaidh an tAcht so i ngníomh díreach tar éis teacht i ngníomh do Bhunreacht na hÉireann d'achtuigh an Pobal le déanaí.
Mínithe.
3.—San Acht so—
foluíonn an focal “reacht” (i dteanta Achtanna den Oireachtas) Achtanna d'Oireachtas Shaorstáit Éireann, Achtanna de Pháirlimint Ríocht Aontuithe na Breataine Móire agus na hÉireann do bhí ann tráth, agus Achtanna de Pháirlimint do bhí ina suidhe in Éirinn aon uair roimh theacht i bhfeidhm don Union with Ireland Act, 1800;
cialluíonn an focal “ionstruim” ordú, rialachán, riail, fo-dhlí, barántas, ceadúnas, deimhniú, no scríbhinn eile den tsórt san;
cialluíonn an abairt “ionstruim reachtúil” ionstruim ar n-a déanamh, ar n-a tabhairt amach, no ar n-a deonadh fé chomhacht no údarás a bronntar no bronnfar le reacht; léireofar tagairtí d'ionstruimí déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé Acht den Oireachtas mar thagairtí d'ionstruimí déanfar, do bhéarfar amach, no deonfar fé chomhacht no údarás a bronnfar le hAcht den Oireachtas no bronnfar tré chó-oibriú Achta den Oireachtas agus reachta éigin eile.
Feidhm maidir le Achtanna áirithe 'Oireachtas haorstáit Éireann.
4.—Lasmuich de chás dá bhforáltar a mhalairt go soiléir leis an Acht so beidh ag gach foráil den Acht so bhaineann le hAchtanna den Oireachtas feidhm agus éifeacht maidir leis an Acht so agus le gach Acht eile d'Oireachtas Shaorstáit Éireann (pe'ca ritheadh roimh an Acht so no rithfear dá éis sin é) go n-abartar no go ndéarfar ann é theacht i ngníomh díreach tar éis teacht i ngníomh don Bhunreacht agus dá réir sin tuigfear, chun críche na feidhme sin agus chun na críche sin amháin, gur Acht den Oireachtas an tAcht so agus gach Acht eile den tsórt adubhradh agus (lasmuich de chás dá bhforáltar a mhalairt go soiléir leis an Acht so) léireofar an abairt “Acht den Oireachtas” agus beidh éifeacht aici, san Acht so, mar abairt fholuíonn an tAcht so agus gach Acht eile d'Oireachtas Shaorstáit Éireann den tsórt adubhradh.
An tAcht Léiriúcháin, 1923, do bheith gan Feidhm maidir le nithe áirithe.
5.—(1) Ní bhainfidh an tAcht Léiriúcháin, 1923 (Uimh. 46 de 1923), le haon Acht den Oireachtas ná le haon ionstruim a déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé aon Acht den tsórt san.
(2) Ní dhéanfaidh an fo-alt san roimhe seo den alt so an méid den Acht Léiriúcháin, 1923 (Uimh. 46 de 1923), a bhaineann le nithe thárlóidh no le nithe bheidh le déanamh i ndáil le hAcht roimh theacht i ngníomh dó do chosc ar fheidhm do bheith aige, ná ní dhéanfaidh dochar d'fheidhm do bheith aige, maidir leis an Acht so agus le hAchtanna eile d'Oireachtas Shaorstáit Éireann go n-abartar no go ndéarfar ionta iad do theacht i ngníomh díreach tar éis teacht i ngníomh don Bhunreacht.
CUID II.
Fuirm, Luadh, agus Oibriu Achtanna den Oireachtas.
Fuirm Achtanna den Oireachtas.
6.—(1) Beidh gach Acht den Oireachtas ina scríbhinn phuiblí agus bhéarfar áird air i gcúrsaí breithiúntais.
(2) Roinnfear gach Acht den Oireachtas ina ailt fé uimhreacha in ord leanúnach agus féadfar aon alt acu san d'fho-roinnt i pé slí bheidh oiriúnach agus sa mhéid go mbeidh sé oiriúnach.
(3) Féadfar, má bhíonn sé oiriúnach, na hailt d'Acht den Oireachtas do chur le chéile ina gCoda, ina gCaibidlí, no ina ranna de shórt eile fé uimhreacha in ord leanúnach.
Achtanna den Oireachtas do luadh.
7.—(1) Féadfar gach Acht den Oireachtas do luadh in aon Acht eile den Oireachtas no in aon ionstruim no scríbhinn eile tré ghearr-theideal an Achta luadhfar amhlaidh no neachtar acu tríd an mbliain chaileandair ina ritheadh an tAcht a luadhfar amhlaidh agus uimhir leanúnach an Achta san sa bhliain sin.
(2) Féadfar aon achtachán a bheidh in Acht den Oireachtas do luadh in aon Acht eile den Oireachtas no in aon ionstruim no scríbhinn eile tré thagairt do dhéanamh don Chuid, don alt, don fho-alt, no don fho-roinn eile den Acht san a céad-luaidhtear ina mbeidh an t-achtachán a luadhfar amhlaidh.
Dáta rithe Achtanna den Oireachtas.
8.—(1) Isé is dáta rithte gach Achta fé leith den Oireachtas ná dáta an lae shighneoidh an tUachtarán an Bille don Acht san.
(2) Díreach tar éis gach Acht fé leith den Oireachtas do rith, cuirfidh Cléireach Dháil Éireann i gcúl-scríbhinn ar an Acht san, díreach i ndiaidh a theidil, dáta rithte an Achta san, agus tuigfear gur cuid den Acht san an dáta san.
(3) Tuigfear gach achtachán a bheidh in Acht den Oireachtas do bheith i ngníomh o dheireadh an lae roimh dháta rithte an Achta san mara n-abartar a mhalairt san Acht san.
(4) Ní bhainfidh an t-alt so leis an Acht so ná le haon Acht eile d'Oireachtas Shaorstáit Éireann ina n-abartar no ina ndéarfar é theacht i ngníomh díreach tar éis teacht i ngníomh don Bhunreacht, agus dá réir sin ní fholóidh an abairt “Acht den Oireachtas” san alt so aon Acht den tsórt san d'Oireachtas Shaorstáit Éireann.
Tosach feidhme Achtanna agus ionstruimí.
9.—(1) Má deirtear in Acht den Oireachtas, no i bpáirt d'aon Acht den tsórt san, no in ionstruim a déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé aon Acht den tsórt san, no i bpáirt d'aon ionstruim den tsórt san an céanna bheith le teacht i ngníomh lá áirithe (pe'ca roimh dháta rithte an Achta san no dáta déanta na hionstruime sin no dá éis sin don lá san agus pe'ca a hainmnítear an lá san san Acht no san ionstruim sin no bheidh sé le ceapadh no le déanamh amach ar aon tslí áirithe), tiocfaidh na tAcht san, an pháirt sin d'Acht, an ionstruim sin no an pháirt sin d'ionstruim i ngníomh i ndeireadh an lae roimh an lá áirithe sin.
(2) Tuigfear gach ionstruim a déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé Acht den Oireachtas do bheith i ngníomh o dheireadh an lae roimh lá déanta na hionstruime sin mara n-abartar a mhalairt san ionstruim sin.
Comhachta reachtúla d'fheidhmiú roimh thosach feidhme an Achta.
10.—(1) Má deirtear in Acht den Oireachtas no in aon achtachán áirithe bheidh in aon Acht den tsórt san an céanna bheith le teacht i ngníomh lá áirithe tar éis dáta an Achta san do rith, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) má bhíonn an lá thiocfaidh an tAcht san no an t-achtachán san (do réir mar a bheidh) i ngníomh le ceapadh no le déanamh amach ar aon tslí áirithe, féadfar, fé réir aon tsrianta forchuirfear leis an Acht san, an ionstruim no an gníomh no an ní le n-a gceapfar no le n-a ndéanfar amach an lá san do dhéanamh tráth ar bith tar éis an Achta san do rith;
(b) má bhronnann an tAcht san comhacht chun aon ionstruim no gníomh no ní do dhéanamh, chun crícheanna an Achta san no an achtacháin sin (do réir mar a bheidh), is gá no is oiriúnach do dhéanamh chun lán-fheidhm agus lán-éifeacht do bheith ag an Acht no ag an achtachán san díreach ar theacht i ngníomh dó, féadfar, fé réir aon tsrianta forchuirfear leis an Acht san, an chomhacht san d'fheidhmiú tráth ar bith tar éis an Achta san do rith.
(2) Nuair a bheidh an t-alt so á fheidhmiú maidir le hAcht d'Oireachtas Shaorstáit Éireann go n-abartar no go ndéarfar ann é theacht i ngníomh díreach tar éis teacht i ngníomh don Bhunreacht, ní oibreoidh éinní atá san alt so chun comhacht do thabhairt chun aon ionstruim no gníomh no ní do dhéanamh fé aon Acht den tsórt san no maidir leis roimh theacht i ngníomh don Bhunreacht.
CUID III.
Bri agus Leiriu Focla agus Abairti Airithe.
Rialacha generálta áirithe léiriúcháin.
11.—Beidh feidhm agus éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas maidir le léiriú gach Achta den Oireachtas agus gach ionstruime déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé aon Acht den tsórt san, sé sin le rá:—
(a) Uathadh agus iolradh. Déanfar gach focal go mbrí uathaidh do léiriú amhail is go mbeadh brí iolraidh leis freisin maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe agus déanfar gach focal go mbrí iolraidh do léiriú amhail is go mbeadh brí uathaidh leis freisin maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe;
(b) Firinscneach agus baininscneach. Déanfar gach focal go mbrí firinscneach do léiriú amhail is go mbeadh brí baininscneach leis freisin maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe;
(c) Duine. Maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe léireofar an focal “duine” amhail is go gciallódh cólucht corpruithe (pe'ca corparáid ilphearsan no corparáid éinphearsan é) agus cólucht nea-chorpruithe de dhaoine chó maith le pearsain aonair;
(d) Am. Gach focal no abairt a bhaineann le ham agus gach tagairt do phuinte ama, léireofar iad, maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe, mar nithe bhaineann le meán-am Greenwich no thagrann dó san, ach san fé réir forálacha aon achtacháin fé n-a mbeidh deifríocht idir an t-am in Éirinn agus meán-am Greenwich ar feadh tréimhse áirithe;
(e) Faid slí. Gach focal no abairt a bhaineann leis an bhfaid slí idir dhá phuinte agus gach tagairt don fhaid slí o phuinte no go puinte, léireofar iad, maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe, mar nithe bhaineann leis an bhfaid slí sin no thagrann don fhaid slí sin ar n-a tomhas i líne dhíreach ar phlána chothrománach;
(f) Luaidhte. Maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe déanfar gach tuairisc no luadh, ar aon reacht no ionstruim no scríbhinn eile no as, do léiriú mar ní a fholuíonn an focal, an fo-alt, an t-alt, no an pháirt eile luaidhtear no dá dtagartar mar thosach no mar dheireadh na páirte bheidh sa tuairisc no sa luadh no mar phuinte o n-a síneann no chun a síneann an pháirt sin;
(g) Ciumhais-nótaí. Ní tuigfear gur cuid den Acht no den ionstruim aon chiumhais-nóta bheidh le hais aon ailt no forála chun a innsint cad is abhar no lánas no éifeacht don alt no don fhoráil sin ná aon mhírcheann ná croslíne bheidh os cionn no i dtosach Coda, ailt no forála no grúpa d'ailt no d'fhorálacha chun a innsint cad is abhar no lánas no éifeacht don Chuid, don alt, don fhoráil, no don ghrúpa san, ná ní déanfar an céanna do bhreithniú ná áird do thabhairt air i gcúrsaí breithiúntais maidir leis an Acht no leis an ionstruim no le haon pháirt de cheachtar acu do léiriú;
(h) Tréimhsí aimsire. Má deirtear tréimhse aimsire do thosnú lá áirithe no do bheith le háireamh o lá áirithe tuigfear gur cuid den tréimhse sin an lá san maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe agus má deirtear tréimhse áirithe do chríochnú lá áirithe no do bheith le háireamh go dtí lá áirithe tuigfear gur cuid den tréimhse sin an lá san maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe;
(i) Ciontaí corparáidí. Maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe déanfar tagairtí do dhuine maidir le cionta (pe'ca ar dhíotáil no ar chiontú ann ar an slí achmair a bheidh sé inphionósuithe) do léiriú mar nithe fholuíonn tagairtí do chólucht chorpruithe.
Na habairtí agus na focail sa Sceideal do léiriú.
12.—I ngach Acht den Oireachtas agus i ngach ionstruim a déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé aon Acht den tsórt san isé is brí no is léiriú no is éifeacht do gach focal agus do gach abairt dá gceaptar brí no léiriú no éifeacht áirithe sa Sceideal a ghabhann leis an Acht so ná an brí no an léiriú no an éifeacht a ceaptar dó amhlaidh, maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe.
Ionstruimí reachtúla áirithe do léiriú.
13.—Gach abairt agus gach focal a húsáidfear in ionstruim a déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé Acht den Oireachtas beidh an brí céanna leis san ionstruim sin a bheidh leis san Acht no sna hAchtanna fé n-a ndéanfar an ionstruim sin, maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe.
Ciontaí fé dhá dhlí no níos mó.
14.—Más cionta fé dhá reacht no níos mó no fé reacht agus fén dlí coiteann éinní áirithe, pe'ca tré ghníomh no tré fhaillí déanfar é, ansan, maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe, dlighfear an ciontuitheoir do chúiseamh agus do phionósú fé cheachtar no fé aon cheann de sna reachta san no fén dlí coiteann ach ní dlighfear é phionósú fé dhó san aon chionta amháin.
CUID IV.
Comhachta agus Dualgaisi Reachtula.
Comhachta reachtúla do léiriú agus d'fheidhmiú.
15.—(1) Gach comhacht a bronnfar le hAcht den Oireachtas no le hionstruim a déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé aon Acht den tsórt san féadfar feidhmiú o am go ham fé mar is gá, maran léir san Acht no san ionstruim sin a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe.
(2) Gach comhacht a bronnfar le hAcht den Oireachtas, no le hionstruim a déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé aon Acht den tsórt san, ar shealbhóir oifige, mar shealbhóir den tsórt san, tuigfear, maran léir san Acht no san ionstruim sin a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe, go mbronntar í ar an té is sealbhóir de thurus na huaire ar an oifig sin agus dá réir sin féadfaidh seisean í fheidhmiú.
(3) Gach comhacht a bronnfar le hAcht den Oireachtas chun aon rialacháin, rialacha, no fo-dhlithe do dhéanamh, déanfar, maran léir san Acht san a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe, í léiriú mar ní a fholuíonn comhacht, is infheidhmithe sa tslí chéanna agus fé réir an toilithe chéanna agus na gcoinníollacha céanna (más ann dóibh), chun ceiliúradh no leasú do dhéanamh ar aon rialacháin, rialacha, no fo-dhlithe a déanfar fén gcomhacht san agus (más gá é) chun rialacháin, rialacha, no fo-dhlithe eile do dhéanamh in ionad na gceann a ceiliúrfar amhlaidh.
Dualgaisí reachtúla do léiriú agus do chólíonadh.
16.—(1) Gach dualgas a forchuirfear le hAcht den Oireachtas no le hionstruim a déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé aon Acht den tsórt san cólíonfar é o am go ham fé mar is gá, maran léir san Acht no san ionstruim sin a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe.
(2) Gach dualgas a forchuirfear, le hAcht den Oireachtas no le hionstruim a déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé Acht den tsórt san, ar shealbhóir oifige, mar shealbhóir den tsórt san, tuigfear, maran léir san Acht no san ionstruim sin a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe, go bhforchuirtear é ar an té is sealbhóir de thurus na huaire ar an oifig sin agus dá réir sin cólíonfaidh seisean é.
Rialacha Cúirte.
17.—Pé uair a bhronnfaidh Acht den Oireachtas aon dlighinse nua ar chúirt bhreithiúnais no a dhéanfaidh leathnú no atharú ar dhlighinse bheidh ag cúirt bhreithiúnais cheana, ansan, an t-údarás go mbeidh comhacht aige de thurus na huaire chun rialacha no orduithe do dhéanamh chun cleachtadh agus nós imeachta na cúirte sin do rialáil, beidh comhacht aige chun rialacha no orduithe do dhéanamh chun cleachtadh agus nós imeachta na cúirte sin, agus í ag feidhmiú na dlighinse bronntar no leathnuítear no a hatharuítear amhlaidh, do rialáil agus féadfaidh an chomhacht san d'fheidhmiú tráth ar bith.
Seirbheáil tríd an bpost
18.—Má údaruíonn no má cheanglann Acht den Oireachtas, no ionstruim a déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé aon Acht den tsórt san, scríbhinn do sheirbheáil tríd an bpost, pe'ca an focal “seirbheáil” a húsáidfear no an focal “tabhairt” no “seachadadh” no “cur” no aon fhocal eile, ansan, féadfar, maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe, an scríbhinn sin do sheirbheáil tré leitir ina mbeidh an scríbhinn sin do dhíriú sa cheart agus roimh-íoc aisti (más gá é) agus í phostáil mar is ceart agus sa chás san tuigfear, mara gcruthuítear a mhalairt, gur seirbheáladh an scríbhinn sin an uair a seachadfaí an leitir sin i ngáthchúrsa an phuist.
CUID V.
Eifeacht Athghairmeanna agus Ceiliurtha.
An dáta ar a dtiocfaidh athghairmeanna agus ceiliúrtha i ngníomh.
19.—(1) Má athghairmeann Acht den Oireachtas iomlán reachta, no páirt de reacht, do ritheadh roimhe agus go gcuirfidh forálacha eile in ionad an reachta no na páirte de reacht a hathghairmfear amhlaidh leanfaidh an reacht no an pháirt de reacht i bhfeidhm go teacht i ngníomh do sna forálacha eile sin mara bhforáltar a mhalairt go soiléir in Acht na hathghairme.
(2) Má deintear le hionstruim a déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé Acht den Oireachtas iomlán ionstruime reachtúla, no páirt d'ionstruim reachtúil, do rinneadh roimpi (pe'ca fén Acht san do rinneadh i bpáirt no go hiomlán í no fé reacht eile) do cheiliúradh agus forálacha eile do chur in ionad na hionstruime no na páirte d'ionstruim a ceiliúrfar amhlaidh, leanfaidh an ionstruim no an pháirt d'ionstruim a ceiliúrfar amhlaidh i bhfeidhm go teacht i ngníomh do sna forálacha eile sin mara bhforáltar a mhalairt go soiléir in ionstruim an cheiliúrtha.
Tagairtí do reachta athghairmthe agus d'ionstruimí ceiliúrtha do léiriú.
20.—(1) Pé uair a déanfar aon reacht no páirt de reacht d'athghairm agus d'ath-achtú, go n-atharú no gan atharú air, le hAcht den Oireachtas, déanfar, maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe, na tagairtí bheidh in aon reacht eile no in aon ionstruim reachtúil don reacht no don pháirt de reacht a hathghairmfear agus a hath-achtófar amhlaidh do léiriú mar thagairtí don pháirt den Acht san den Oireachtas ina mbeidh an t-ath-achtú san.
(2) Pé uair a déanfar ionstruim reachtúil no páirt d'ionstruim reachtúil do cheiliúradh agus d'ath-achtú, go n-atharú no gan atharú uirthi, le hionstruim a déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé Acht den Oireachtas, déanfar, maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe, na tagairtí bheidh in aon ionstruim reachtúil eile don ionstruim reachtúil no don pháirt d'ionstruim reachtúil a ceiliúrfar agus a hath-achtófar amhlaidh do léiriú mar thagairtí don ionstruim sin ina mbeidh an t-ath-achtú san.
An chuma ina n-oibreoidh athghairm agus scur agus foirceannadh reachtanna.
21.—(1) Má athghairmeann Acht den Oireachtas iomlán reachta, no páirt de reacht, do ritheadh roimhe, ansan, maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe, ní dhéanfaidh an athghairm sin—
(a) aithbheochaint ar éinní ná beidh i bhfeidhm no ná beidh ar bith díreach roimh theacht in éifeacht don athghairm sin, ná
(b) deifir d'oibriú roimhe sin an reachta no na páirte de reacht a hathghairmfear amhlaidh ná d'éinní do rinneadh no do fuilingeadh go cuibhe fén gcéanna, ná
(c) deifir d'aon cheart, príbhléid, oblagáid, no fiachas do fuarthas no d'fhás no fé n-a ndeachthas fén reacht no fén bpáirt de reacht a hathghairmfear amhlaidh, ná
(d) deifir d'aon phionós no geallbhruideadh fé n-a ndeachthas mar gheall ar aon chionta no sárú, do rinneadh roimh an athghairm sin, i gcoinnibh no alos an reachta no na páirte de reacht a hathghairmfear amhlaidh, ná
(e) dochar ná deifir d'aon imeachta dlí, síbhialta no coiriúil, a bheidh ar feitheamh le linn na hathghairme sin mar gheall ar aon cheart, príbhléid, oblagáid, fiachas, cionta no sárú den tsórt san adubhradh.
(2) Má athghairmeann Acht den Oireachtas iomlán reachta, no páirt de reacht, a ritheadh roimhe, ansan, maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe, féadfar aon imeachta dlí, síbhialta no coiriúil, mar gheall ar aon cheart, príbhléid, oblagáid, no fiachas do fuarthas no d'fhás no fé n-a ndeachthas fén reacht no fén bpáirt de reacht a hathghairmfear amhlaidh, no mar gheall ar aon chionta no sárú i gcoinnibh no alos an chéanna, do bhunú no do choimeád ar siúl no d'fhoirfheidhmiú, agus féadfar aon phionós no geallbhruideadh mar gheall ar aon chionta no sárú den tsórt san d'fhorchur agus do chur in éifeacht amhail is ná hathghairmfí an reacht san no an pháirt sin de reacht.
(3) Má scuireann Acht den Oireachtas no páirt d'aon Acht den tsórt san, de bhíthin éinní no toisc aon chúise (seachas a athghairm le hAcht den Oireachtas a rithfí ina dhiaidh), do bheith i bhfeidhm, beidh feidhm agus éifeacht ag na fo-ailt sin roimhe seo den alt so maidir leis an Acht san no leis an bpáirt sin d'Acht amhail is gurbh athghairm a déanfaí le hAcht den Oireachtas fé ndeár an scur san agus dá réir sin déanfar, chun crícheanna na feidhme sin, gach tagairt atá i gceachtar fo-alt acu san roimhe seo do ní d'athghairm do léiriú mar thagairt don ní sin do scur, de bhíthin éinní no toisc aon chúise (seachas an athghairm sin), do bheith i bhfeidhm.
An chuma ina n-oibreoidh ceiliúradh agus scur agus foirceannadh ionstruimí reachtúla.
22.—(1) Má dheineann ionstruim a déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé Acht den Oireachtas iomlán ionstruime reachtúla, no páirt d'ionstruim reachtúil, do rinneadh roimpi do cheiliúradh, ansan, maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe, ní dhéanfaidh an ceiliúradh san—
(a) aithbheochaint ar éinní ná beidh i bhfeidhm no ná beidh ar bith díreach roimh theacht in éifeacht don cheiliúradh san, ná
(b) deifir d'oibriú roimhe sin na hionstruime reachtúla no na páirte d'ionstruim reachtúil a ceiliúrfar amhlaidh ná d'éinní do rinneadh no do fuilingeadh go cuibhe fén gcéanna, ná
(c) deifir d'aon cheart, príbhléid, oblagáid, no fiachas do fuarthas no d'fhás no fé n-a ndeachthas fén ionstruim reachtúil no fén bpáirt d'ionstruim reachtúil a ceiliúrfar amhlaidh, ná
(d) deifir d'aon phionós no geallbhruideadh fé n-a ndeachthas mar gheall ar aon chionta no sárú, do rinneadh roimh an gceiliúradh san, i gcoinnibh no alos na hionstruime reachtúla no na páirte d'ionstruim reachtúil a ceiliúrfar amhlaidh, ná
(e) dochar ná deifir d'aon imeachta dlí, síbhialta no coiriúil, a bheidh ar feitheamh le linn an cheiliúrtha san mar gheall ar aon cheart, príbhléid, oblagáid, fiachas, cionta no sárú den tsórt san adubhradh.
(2) Má dheineann ionstruim a déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé Acht den Oireachtas iomlán ionstruime reachtúla, no páirt d'ionstruim reachtúil, do rinneadh roimpi do cheilliúradh, ansan, maran léir a mhalairt do bheith beartuithe, féadfar aon imeachta dlí, síbhialta no coiriúil, mar gheall ar aon cheart, príbhléid, oblagáid, no fiachas do fuarthas no d'fhás no fé n-a ndeachthas fén ionstruim reachtúil no fén bpáirt d'ionstruim reachtúil a ceiliúrfar amhlaidh, no mar gheall ar aon chionta no sárú i gcoinnibh no alos an chéanna, do bhunú no do choimeád ar siúl no d'fhoirfheidhmiú, agus féadfar aon phionós no geallbhruideadh mar gheall ar aon chionta no sárú den tsórt san d'fhorchur agus do chur in éifeacht amhail is ná ceiliúrfaí an ionstruim reachtúil sin no an pháirt sin d'ionstruim reachtúil.
(3) I gcás ionstruim a déanfar i bpáirt no go hiomlán fé Acht den Oireachtas no páirt d'ionstruim a déanfar amhlaidh do scur, de bhíthin éinní no toisc aon chúise (seachas a ceiliúradh le hionstruim den tsórt san a déanfaí ina diaidh), de bheith i bhfeidhm beidh feidhm agus éifeacht ag na fo-ailt sin roimhe seo den alt so maidir leis an ionstruim sin no an pháirt sin d'ionstruim amhail is gur cheiliúradh déanfaí le hionstruim den tsórt san a déanfaí ina diaidh fé ndeár an scur san, agus dá réir sin déanfar, chun crícheanna na feidhme sin, gach tagairt atá i gceachtar fo-alt acu san roimhe seo do ní do cheiliúradh do léiriú mar thagairt don ní sin do scur, de bhíthin éinní no toisc aon chúise (seachas an ceiliúradh san), de bheith i bhfeidhm.
SCEIDEAL.
Abairti agus Focail Airithe do Mhiniu.
1.—I gcás daoine dar ceaduithe do réir dlí de thurus na huaire dearbhú do dhéanamh in ionad mionn do thabhairt, foluíonn an focal “dearbhóid” dearbhú.
2.—Cialluíonn an abairt “Banc na hÉireann” Gobharnóir agus Cuideachta Bhanc na hÉireann no Banc an Ghobharnóra agus na Cuideachtan san, do réir mar éileoidh an có-théacs.
3.—Cialluíonn an abairt “Reacht Briotáineach” Acht de Pháirlimint Ríocht Aontuithe na Breataine Móire agus na hÉireann do bhí ann le déanaí.
4.—Cialluíonn an abairt “an Chúirt Chuarda” an Chúirt Bhreithiúnais Chuarda mar a bheidh sí bunuithe agus, de thurus na huaire, á cothabháil do réir dlí.
5.—Nuair a húsáidtear an abairt “tosach feidhme” maidir le reacht no le hionstruim reachtúil no le páirt de reacht no d'ionstruim reachtúil, cialluíonn sí an t-am a thiocfaidh an reacht no an ionstruim reachtúil sin no an pháirt sin de reacht no d'ionstruim reachtúil i bhfeidhm.
6.—Cialluíonn an abairt “oifigeach consalta” duine i Stát-Sheirbhís na hÉireann is árd-chonsal no consal no leas-chonsal.
7.—Cialluíonn an abairt “an Bunreacht” Bunreacht na hÉireann d'achtuigh an pobal an 1adh lá d'Iúl, 1937.
8.—Cialluíonn an abairt “Dáil Éireann” an Tigh den Oireachtas ar a dtugtar an ainm sin le halt 1 d'Airteagal 15 den Bhunreacht.
9.—Cialluíonn an abairt “an Chúirt Dúithche” an Chúirt Bhreithiúnais Dúithche mar a bheidh sí bunuithe agus, de thurus na huaire, á cothabháil do réir dlí.
10.—Cialluíonn an abairt “bliain airgeadais” tréimhse de dhá mhí dhéag dar críoch an 31adh lá de mhí na Márta in aon bhliain áirithe.
11.—Cialluíonn an abairt “an Riaghaltas” an Riaghaltas a luaidhtear in Airteagal 28 den Bhunreacht.
12.—Ní fholuíonn an abairt “an Bhreatain Mhór” Inse Mara nIocht ná Oileán Mhanainn.
13.—Cialluíonn an abairt “an Ard-Chúirt” an Ard-Chúirt Bhreithiúnais a bheidh bunuithe agus, de thurus na huaire, á cothabháil do réir dlí do réir Airteagail 34 den Bhunreacht.
14.—Foluíonn an focal “talamh” measáistí, tionóntacháin, agus ionoighreachtaí, tithe agus foirgintí, d'aon tsórt sealbhaíochta.
15.—Cialluíonn an abairt “Achtanna na gClásanna Talmhan” an Lands Clauses Consolidation Act, 1845, an Lands Clauses Consolidation Acts Amendment Act, 1860, an Railways Act (Ireland), 1851, an Railways Act (Ireland), 1860, an Railways Act (Ireland), 1864, an Railways Traverse Act, an Acquisition of Land (Assessment of Compensation) Act, 1919, agus gach reacht le n-a leasuítear na hAchtanna san no aon cheann acu agus a bheidh i bhfeidhm de thurus na huaire.
16.—Cialluíonn an abairt “bliain airgeadais áitiúil” tréimhse de dhá mhí dhéag dar críoch an 31adh lá de mhí na Márta in aon bhliain áirithe.
17.—Cialluíonn an abairt “meán oíche” maidir le haon lá áirithe an ponc ama is críoch don lá san.
18.—Cialluíonn an abairt “Aire Stáit” comhalta den Riaghaltas go gcúram Roinne Stáit air.
19.—Cialluíonn an focal “mí” mí caileandair.
20. I gcás daoine dar ceaduithe do réir dlí de thurus na huaire dearbhú do dhéanamh in ionad mionn do thabhairt, foluíonn an focal “mionn” dearbhú.
21.—Cialluíonn an abairt “an tOireachtas” an Pháirlimint Náisiúnta dá bhforáltar le hAirteagal 15 den Bhunreacht.
22.—Cialluíonn an abairt “mapa ordonáis” mapa ar n-a dhéanamh fé sna comhachta bronntar leis na Survey (Ireland) Acts, 1825 to 1870, agus leis na reachta le n-a leasuítear na hAchtanna san no aon cheann acu agus a bheidh i bhfeidhm de thurus na huaire.
23.—Cialluíonn an abairt “an tUachtarán” Uachtarán na hÉireann agus foluíonn aon choimisiún no cólucht no údarás eile bheidh de thurus na huaire ag oibriú comhacht agus ag cólíonadh dualgas an Uachtaráin go dleathach.
24.—Cialluíonn an abairt “reacht Éireannach roimh-aondachta” Acht do ritheadh ag Páirlimint do bhí ina suidhe in Éirinn aon uair roimh an Union with Ireland Act, 1800, do theacht i bhfeidhm.
25.—Cialluíonn an abairt “luacháil ionrátuithe” an luacháil a bheidh, fé sna hAchtanna Luachála, ar an maoin gur ina taobh a húsáidfear an abairt.
26.—Cialluíonn an abairt “rialacha cúirte” rialacha ar n-a ndéanamh ag an údarás ag á mbeidh comhacht de thurus na huaire chun rialacha do dhéanamh chun cleachtadh agus nós imeachta na cúirte gur ina taobh a húsáidfear an abairt do rialáil.
27.—Cialluíonn an abairt “reacht de chuid Shaorstáit Éireann” Acht d'Oireachtas Shaorstáit Éireann.
28.—Cialluíonn an abairt “Seanad Éireann” an Tigh den Oireachtas ar a dtugtar an ainm sin le halt 1 d'Airteagal 15 den Bhunreacht.
29. Cialluíonn an abairt “dearbhú reachtúil” dearbhú ar n-a dhéanamh de bhuadh an Statutory Declarations Act, 1835.
30.—Cialluíonn an abairt “an Chúirt Uachtarach” an Chúirt Bhreithiúnais Uachtarach mar a bheidh sí bunuithe agus, de thurus na huaire, á cothabháil do réir dlí do réir Airteagail 34 den Bhunreacht.
31.—I gcás daoine dar ceaduithe do réir dlí de thurus na huaire dearbhú do dhéanamh in ionad mionn do thabhairt, foluíonn an focal “mionnú” dearbhú.
32.—Cialluíonn an focal “baile” líomatáiste baile (nach bailecheanntar) ina bhfuil an Towns Improvement (Ireland) Act, 1854, i ngníomh.
33.—Cialluíonn an abairt “Achtanna Luachála” na hAchtanna bheidh i bhfeidhm de thurus na huaire i dtaobh maoine ionrátuithe do luacháil.
34.—Nuair a húsáidtear an focal “seachtain” gan coinníoll, cialluíonn sé an tréimhse idir meán oíche aon tSathairn agus meán oíche an chéad Shathairn ina dhiaidh sin.
35.—Cialluíonn an abairt “lá seachtaine” lá nach Domhnach.
36.—Foluíonn an focal “scríobhadh” clóbhualadh, clóscríobhadh, liaghrafacht, grianghrafacht agus slite eile chun focail do chur síos no do mhacsamhlú i riocht so-fheicse agus déanfar focail ghaolmhara do léiriú dá réir sin.
37.—Nuair a húsáidtear an focal “bliain” gan coinníoll. cialluíonn sé tréimhse de dhá mhí dhéag dar tosach an 1adh lá de mhí Eanair in aon bhliain áirithe.
Number 38 of 1937.
INTERPRETATION ACT, 1937.
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
Preliminary and General
Section | |
Application to certain Acts of the Oireachtas of Saorstát Eireann. | |
Form, Citation, and Operation of Acts of the Oireachtas
Exercise of statutory powers before commencement of the Act. |
Meaning and Construction of Particular Words and Expressions
Interpretation of the expressions and words in the Schedule. | |
Statutory Powers and Duties
Effect of Repeals and Revocations
Act Referred to | |
No. 46 of 1923 | |
Number 38 of 1937.
INTERPRETATION ACT, 1937.
PART I.
Preliminary and General.
Short title.
1.—This Act may be cited as the Interpretation Act, 1937.
Commencement.
2.—This Act shall come into operation immediately after the coming into operation of the Constitution of Ireland lately enacted by the People.
Definitions.
3.—In this Act—
the word “statute” includes (in addition to Acts of the Oireachtas) Acts of the Oireachtas of Saorstát Eireann, Acts of the Parliament of the former United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and Acts of a Parliament sitting in Ireland at any time before the coming into force of the Union with Ireland Act, 1800;
the word “instrument” means an order, regulation, rule, bye-law, warrant, licence, certificate, or other like document;
the expression “statutory instrument” means an instrument made, issued, or granted under a power or authority conferred by statute;
references to instruments made wholly or partly under an Act of the Oireachtas shall be construed as referring to instruments made, issued, or granted under a power or authority conferred by an Act of the Oireachtas or conferred by the joint operation of an Act of the Oireachtas and some other statute.
Application to certain Acts of the Oireachtas of Saorstát Eireann.
4.—Save as is otherwise expressly provided by this Act, every provision of this Act which relates to Acts of the Oireachtas shall apply and have effect in relation to this Act and every other Act of the Oireachtas of Saorstát Eireann (whether passed before or after this Act) which is expressed to come into operation immediately after the coming into operation of the Constitution, and accordingly this Act and every such other Act shall, for the purpose of such application but no further or otherwise, be deemed to be an Act of the Oireachtas and (save as is otherwise expressly provided by this Act) the expression “Act of the Oireachtas” shall in this Act be construed and have effect as including this Act and every such other Act of the Oireachtas of Saorstát Eireann.
Non-application of the Interpretation Act, 1923.
5.—(1) The Interpretation Act, 1923 (No. 46 of 1923), shall not apply to any Act of the Oireachtas or to any instrument made wholly or partly under any such Act.
(2) The foregoing sub-section of this section shall not preclude or prejudice the application to this Act and to other Acts of the Oireachtas of Saorstát Eireann which are expressed to come into operation immediately after the coming into operation of the Constitution of so much of the Interpretation Act, 1923 (No. 46 of 1923), as concerns events happening or things to be done in relation to an Act before it comes into operation.
PART II.
Form, Citation, and Operation of Acts of the Oireachtas.
Form of Acts of the Oireachtas.
6.—(1) Every Act of the Oireachtas shall be a public document and shall be judicially noticed.
(2) Every Act of the Oireachtas shall be divided into sections numbered consecutively and any such section may be sub-divided in such manner and to such extent as is convenient.
(3) The sections of an Act of the Oireachtas may, where convenient, be grouped in Parts, Chapters, or other divisions numbered consecutively.
Citation of Acts of the Oireachtas.
7.—(1) Every Act of the Oireachtas may be cited in any other Act of the Oireachtas or in any instrument or other document either by the short title of the Act so cited or by the calendar year in which the Act so cited was passed and the consecutive number of such Act in such year.
(2) Any enactment contained in an Act of the Oireachtas may be cited in any other Act of the Oireachtas or in any instrument or other document by reference to the Part, section, sub-section, or other sub-division of the first-mentioned Act which contains the enactment so cited.
Date of passing of Acts of the Oireachtas.
8.—(1) The date of the passing of every Act of the Oireachtas shall be the date of the day on which the Bill for such Act is signed by the President.
(2) Immediately after the passing of every Act of the Oireachtas, the Clerk of Dáil Eireann shall endorse on such Act, immediately after the title thereof, the date of the passing of such Act, and such date shall be taken to be part of such Act.
(3) Every enactment contained in an Act of the Oireachtas shall, unless the contrary intention is expressed in such Act, be deemed to be in operation as from the end of the day before the date of the passing of such Act.
(4) This section shall not apply to this Act or to any other Act of the Oireachtas of Saorstát Eireann which is expressed to come into operation immediately after the coming into operation of the Constitution, and accordingly the expression “Act of the Oireachtas” shall not in this section include any such Act of the Oireachtas of Saorstát Eireann.
Commencement of Acts and instruments.
9.—(1) Where an Act of the Oireachtas, or a portion of any such Act, or an instrument made wholly or partly under any such Act, or a portion of any such instrument is expressed to come into operation on a particular day (whether such day is before or after the date of the passing of such Act or the making of such instrument and whether such day is named in such Act or instrument or is to be fixed or ascertained in any particular manner), such Act, portion of an Act, instrument, or portion of an instrument shall come into operation at the end of the day before such particular day.
(2) Every instrument made wholly or partly under an Act of the Oireachtas shall, unless the contrary intention is expressed in such instrument, be deemed to be in operation as from the end of the day before the day on which such instrument is made.
Exercise of statutory powers before commencement of the Act.
10.—(1) Where an Act of the Oireachtas or any particular enactment contained in any such Act is expressed to come into operation on a day subsequent to the date of the passing of such Act, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) if the day on which such Act or such enactment (as the case may be) comes into operation is to be fixed or ascertained in any particular manner, the instrument, act, or thing whereby such day is fixed or ascertained may, subject to any restrictions imposed by such Act, be made or done at any time after the passing of such Act;
(b) if such Act confers a power to make or do, for the purposes of such Act or such enactment (as the case may be), any instrument, act, or thing the making or doing of which is necessary or expedient to enable such Act or enactment to have full force and effect immediately upon its coming into operation, such power may, subject to any restrictions imposed by such Act, be exercised at any time after the passing of such Act.
(2) In the application of this section to an Act of the Oireachtas of Saorstát Eireann which is expressed to come into operation immediately after the coming into operation of the Constitution, nothing in this section shall operate to enable any instrument, act, or thing to be made or done under or in relation to any such Act before the coming into operation of the Constitution.
PART III.
Meaning and Construction of Particular Words and Expressions.
Certain general rules of construction.
11.—The following provisions shall apply and have effect in relation to the construction of every Act of the Oireachtas and of every instrument made wholly or partly under any such Act, that is to say:—
(a) Singular and plural. Every word importing the singular shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be construed as if it also imported the plural, and every word importing the plural shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be construed as if it also imported the singular;
(b) Masculine and feminine. Every word importing the masculine gender shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be construed as if it also imported the feminine gender;
(c) Person. The word “person” shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be construed as importing a body corporate (whether a corporation aggregate or a corporation sole) and an unincorporated body of persons as well as an individual;
(d) Time. Every word or expression relating to time and every reference to a point of time shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be construed as relating or referring to Greenwich mean time, but subject to the provisions of any enactment whereunder the time in Ireland differs from Greenwich mean time during a specified period;
(e) Distance. Every word or expression relating to the distance between two points and every reference to the distance from or to a point shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be construed as relating or referring to such distance measured in a straight line on a horizontal plane;
(f) Citations. Every description of or citation from any statute, instrument, or other document shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be construed as including the word, sub-section, section, or other portion mentioned or referred to as forming the beginning or as forming the end of the portion comprised in the description or citation or as being the point from which or to which such portion extends;
(g) Marginal notes. No marginal note placed at the side of any section or provision to indicate the subject, contents, or effect of such section or provision and no heading or cross-line placed at the head or beginning of a Part, section or provision or a group of sections or provisions to indicate the subject, contents, or effect of such Part, section, provision, or group shall be taken to be part of the Act or instrument or be considered or judicially noticed in relation to the construction or interpretation of the Act or instrument or any portion thereof;
(h) Periods of time. Where a period of time is expressed to begin on or be reckoned from a particular day, that day shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be deemed to be included in such period, and, where a period of time is expressed to end on or be reckoned to a particular day, that day shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be deemed to be included in such period;
(i) Offences by corporations. References to a person in relation to an offence (whether punishable on indictment or on summary conviction) shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be construed as including references to a body corporate.
Interpretation of the expressions and words in the Schedule.
12.—In every Act of the Oireachtas and every instrument made wholly or partly under any such Act, every word and every expression to which a particular meaning, construction, or effect is assigned in the Schedule to this Act shall, unless the contrary intention appears, have the meaning, construction, or effect so assigned to it.
Construction of certain statutory instruments.
13.—Every expression and every word used in an instrument made wholly or partly under an Act of the Oireachtas shall, unless the contrary intention appears, have in such instrument the same meaning as it has in the Act or Acts under which such instrument is made.
Offences under two or more laws.
14.—Where any act, whether of commission or omission, constitutes an offence under two or more statutes or under a statute and at common law, the offender shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be liable to be prosecuted and punished under either or any of those statutes or at common law, but shall not be liable to be punished twice for the same offence.
PART IV.
Statutory Powers and Duties.
Construction and exercise of statutory powers.
15.—(1) Every power conferred by an Act of the Oireachtas or by an instrument made wholly or partly under any such Act may, unless the contrary intention appears in such Act or instrument, be exercised from time to time as occasion requires.
(2) Every power conferred by an Act of the Oireachtas or by an instrument made wholly or partly under any such Act on the holder of an office as such shall, unless the contrary intention appears in such Act or instrument, be deemed to be conferred on and may accordingly be exercised by the holder for the time being of such office.
(3) Every power conferred by an Act of the Oireachtas to make any regulations, rules, or bye-laws shall, unless the contrary intention appears in such Act, be construed as including a power, exercisable in the like manner and subject to the like consent and conditions (if any), to revoke or amend any regulations, rules, or bye-laws made under such power and (where requisite) to make other regulations, rules, or bye-laws in lieu of those so revoked.
Construction and performance of statutory duties.
16.—(1) Every duty imposed by an Act of the Oireachtas or by an instrument made wholly or partly under any such Act shall, unless the contrary intention appears in such Act or instrument, be performed from time to time as occasion requires.
(2) Every duty imposed by an Act of the Oireachtas or by an instrument made wholly or partly under any such Act on the holder of an office as such shall, unless the contrary intention appears in such Act or instrument, be deemed to be imposed on and shall accordingly be performed by the holder for the time being of such office.
Rules of Court.
17.—Whenever an Act of the Oireachtas confers any new jurisdiction on a court of justice or extends or varies an existing jurisdiction of a court of justice, the authority having for the time being power to make rules or orders regulating the practice and procedure of such court shall have, and may at any time exercise, power to make rules or orders for regulating the practice and procedure of such court in the exercise of the jurisdiction so conferred, extended, or varied.
Service by post.
18.—Where an Act of the Oireachtas or an instrument made wholly or partly under any such Act authorises or requires a document to be served by post, whether the word “serve” or any of the words “give”, “deliver”, or “send”, or any other word is used, then, unless the contrary intention appears, the service of such document may be effected by properly addressing, prepaying (where requisite), and posting a letter containing such document, and in such case the service of such document shall, unless the contrary is proved, be deemed to have been effected at the time at which such letter would be delivered in the ordinary course of post.
PART V.
Effect of Repeals and Revocations.
Date of operation of repeals and revocations.
19.—(1) Where an Act of the Oireachtas repeals the whole or a portion of a previous statute and substitutes other provisions for the statute or portion of a statute so repealed, the statute or portion of a statute so repealed shall, unless the contrary is expressly provided in the repealing Act, continue in force until the said substituted provisions come into operation.
(2) Where an instrument made wholly or partly under an Act of the Oireachtas revokes the whole or a portion of a previous statutory instrument (whether made wholly or partly under such Act or under another statute) and substitutes other provisions for the instrument or portion of an instrument so revoked, the instrument or portion of an instrument so revoked shall, unless the contrary is expressly provided in the revoking instrument, continue in force until the said substituted provisions come into operation.
Construction of references to repealed statutes and revoked instruments.
20.—(1) Whenever any statute or portion of a statute is repealed and re-enacted, with or without modification, by an Act of the Oireachtas, references in any other statute or in any statutory instrument to the statute or portion of a statute so repealed and re-enacted shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be construed as references to the portion of such Act of the Oireachtas containing such re-enactment.
(2) Whenever a statutory instrument or a portion of a statutory instrument is revoked and re-enacted, with or without modification, by an instrument made wholly or partly under an Act of the Oireachtas, references in any other statutory instrument to the statutory instrument or portion of a statutory instrument so revoked and re-enacted shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be construed as references to the said instrument containing such re-enactment.
Operation of repeals, cessers, and terminations of statutes.
21.—(1) Where an Act of the Oireachtas repeals the whole or a portion of a previous statute, then, unless the contrary intention appears, such repeal shall not—
(a) revive anything not in force or not existing immediately before such repeal takes effect, or
(b) affect the previous operation of the statute or portion of a statute so repealed or anything duly done or suffered thereunder, or
(c) affect any right, privilege, obligation, or liability acquired, accrued, or incurred under the statute or portion of a statute so repealed, or
(d) affect any penalty, forfeiture, or punishment incurred in respect of any offence against or contravention of the statute or portion of a statute so repealed which was committed before such repeal, or
(e) prejudice or affect any legal proceedings, civil or criminal, pending at the time of such repeal in respect of any such right, privilege, obligation, liability, offence, or contravention as aforesaid.
(2) Where an Act of the Oireachtas repeals the whole or a portion of a previous statute, then, unless the contrary intention appears, any legal proceedings, civil or criminal, in respect of any right, privilege, obligation, or liability acquired, accrued, or incurred under or any offence against or contravention of the statute or portion of a statute so repealed may be instituted, continued or enforced, and any penalty, forfeiture, or punishment in respect of any such offence or contravention may be imposed and carried out as if such statute or portion of a statute had not been repealed.
(3) Where an Act of the Oireachtas or a portion of any such Act ceases by any means or for any reason (other than repeal by a subsequent Act of the Oireachtas) to be in force, the preceding sub-sections of this section shall apply and have effect in relation to such Act or portion of an Act as if such cesser were caused by a repeal effected by an Act of the Oireachtas, and accordingly, for the purposes of such application, every reference in either of the said preceding sub-sections to a repeal shall be construed as a reference to a cesser by any means or for any reason (other than such repeal) to be in force.
Operation of revocations, cessers and terminations of statutory instruments.
22.—(1) Where an instrument made wholly or partly under an Act of the Oireachtas revokes the whole or a portion of a previous statutory instrument, then, unless the contrary intention appears, such revocation shall not—
(a) revive anything not in force or not existing immediately before such revocation takes effect, or
(b) affect the previous operation of the statutory instrument or portion of a statutory instrument so revoked or anything duly done or suffered thereunder, or
(c) affect any right, privilege, obligation, or liability acquired, accrued, or incurred under the statutory instrument or portion of a statutory instrument so revoked, or
(d) affect any penalty, forfeiture, or punishment incurred in respect of any offence against or contravention of the statutory instrument or portion of a statutory instrument so revoked which was committed before such revocation, or
(e) prejudice or affect any legal proceedings, civil or criminal, pending at the time of such revocation in respect of any such right, privilege, obligation, liability, offence, or contravention as aforesaid.
(2) Where an instrument made wholly or partly under an Act of the Oireachtas revokes the whole or a portion of a previous statutory instrument, then, unless the contrary intention appears, any legal proceedings, civil or criminal, in respect of any right, privilege, obligation, or liability acquired, accrued, or incurred under or any offence against or contravention of the statutory instrument or portion of the statutory instrument so revoked may be instituted, continued, or enforced and any penalty, forfeiture, or punishment in respect of any such offence or contravention may be imposed and carried out as if such statutory instrument or portion of a statutory instrument had not been revoked.
(3) Where an instrument made wholly or partly under an Act of the Oireachtas or a portion of an instrument so made ceases by any means or for any reason (other than revocation by a subsequent such instrument) to be in force, the preceding sub-sections of this section shall apply and have effect in relation to such instrument or portion of an instrument as if such cesser were caused by a revocation effected by a subsequent such instrument, and accordingly, for the purposes of such application, every reference in either of the said preceding sub-sections to a revocation shall be construed as a reference to a cesser by any means or for any reason (other than such revocation) to be in force.
SCHEDULE.
Interpretation of Particular Expressions and Words.
Affidavit.
1.—The word “affidavit”, in the case of persons for the time being allowed by law to declare instead of swearing, includes declaration.
Bank of Ireland.
2.—The expression “the Bank of Ireland” means either, as the context requires, the Governor and Company of the Bank of Ireland or the bank of the said Governor and Company.
British statute.
3.—The expression “British statute” means an Act of the Parliament of the late United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
Circuit Court.
4.—The expression “the Circuit Court” means the Circuit Court of Justice as established and for the time being maintained by law.
Commencement.
5.—The word “commencement”, when used in relation to a statute or a statutory instrument or a portion of a statute or statutory instrument, means the time at which such statute, statutory instrument, or portion of a statute or statutory instrument comes into operation.
Consular officer.
6.—The expression “consular officer” means a person in the Civil Service of Ireland who is a consul-general, a consul, or a vice-consul.
Constitution.
7.—The expression “the Constitution” means the Constitution of Ireland enacted by the people on the 1st day of July, 1937.
Dáil Eireann.
8.—The expression “Dáil Eireann” means the House of the Oireachtas to which that name is given by section 1 of Article 15 of the Constitution.
District Court.
9.—The expression “the District Court” means the District Court of Justice as established and for the time being maintained by law.
Financial year.
10.—The expression “financial year” means a period of twelve months ending on the 31st day of the month of March in any year.
Government.
11.—The expression “the Government” means the Government mentioned in Article 28 of the Constitution.
Great Britain.
12.—The expression “Great Britain” does not include the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.
High Court.
13.—The expression “the High Court” means the High Court of Justice established and for the time being maintained by law in pursuance of Article 34 of the Constitution.
Land.
14.—The word “land” includes messuages, tenements, and hereditaments, houses and buildings, of any tenure.
Lands Clauses Acts.
15.—The expression “the Lands Clauses Acts” means the Lands Clauses Consolidation Act, 1845, the Lands Clauses Consolidation Acts Amendment Act, 1860, the Railways Act (Ireland), 1851, the Railways Act (Ireland), 1860, the Railways Act (Ireland), 1864, the Railways Traverse Act, the Acquisition of Land (Assessment of Compensation) Act, 1919, and every statute for the time being in force amending those Acts or any of them.
Local financial year.
16.—The expression “local financial year” means a period of twelve months ending on the 31st day of the month of March in any year.
Midnight.
17.—The word “midnight” means, in relation to any particular day, the point of time at which such day ends.
Minister of State.
18.—The expression “Minister of State” means a member of the Government having charge of a Department of State.
Month.
19.—The word “month” means a calendar month.
Oath.
20.—The word “oath”, in the case of persons for the time being allowed by law to affirm instead of swearing, includes affirmation.
Oireachtas.
21.—The expression “the Oireachtas” means the National Parliament provided for by Article 15 of the Constitution.
Ordnance Map.
22.—The expression “ordnance map” means a map made under the powers conferred by the Survey (Ireland) Acts, 1825 to 1870, and the statutes for the time being in force amending those Acts or any of them.
President.
23.—The expression “the President” means the President of Ireland and includes any commission or other body or authority for the time being lawfully exercising the powers and performing the duties of the President.
Pre-union Irish Statute.
24.—The expression “pre-union Irish statute” means an Act passed by a Parliament sitting in Ireland at any time before the coming into force of the Union with Ireland Act, 1800.
Rateable valuation.
25.—The expression “rateable valuation” means the valuation under the Valuation Acts of the property in relation to which the expression is used.
Rules of court.
26.—The expression “rules of court” means rules made by the authority for the time being having power to make rules regulating the practice and procedure of the court in relation to which the expression is used.
Saorstát Eireann statute.
27.—The expression “Saorstát Eireann statute” means an Act of the Oireachtas of Saorstát Eireann.
Seanad Eireann.
28.—The expression “Seanad Eireann” means the House of the Oireachtas to which that name is given by section 1 of Article 15 of the Constitution.
Statutory declaration.
29.—The expression “statutory declaration” means a declaration made by virtue of the Statutory Declarations Act, 1835.
Supreme Court.
30.—The expression “the Supreme Court” means the Supreme Court of Justice as established and for the time being maintained by law in pursuance of Article 34 of the Constitution.
Swear.
31.—The word “swear”, in the case of persons for the time being allowed by law to affirm or declare instead of swearing, includes affirm and declare.
Town.
32.—The word “town” means the area comprised in a town (not being an urban district) in which the Towns Improvement (Ireland) Act, 1854, is in operation.
Valuation Acts.
33.—The expression “Valuation Acts” means the Acts for the time being in force relating to the valuation of rateable property.
Week.
34.—The word “week”, when used without qualification, means the period between midnight on any Saturday and midnight on the next following Saturday.
Week-day.
35.—The word “week-day” means a day which is not a Sunday.
Writing.
36.—The word “writing” includes printing, type-writing, lithograpy, photography, and other modes of representing or reproducing words in visible form, and cognate words shall be construed accordingly.
Year.
37.—The word “year”, when used without qualification, means a period of twelve months beginning on the 1st day of the month of January in any year.