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Uimhir 40 de 1936.
ACHT UM AER-LOINGSEOIREACHT AGUS AER-IOMPAR, 1936.
CUID I
Roimhraiteach agus Generalta.
Gearr-theideal.
1.—Féadfar an tAcht um Aer-Loingseoireacht agus Aer-Iompar, 1936, do ghairm den Acht so.
Mínithe.
2.—(1) San Acht so—
cialluíonn an abairt “an tAire” an tAire Tionnscail agus Tráchtála;
cialluíonn an abairt “Convensiún Pharis” an Convensiún Eadarnáisiúnta, i dtaobh aer-loingseoireacht do rialáil, do rinneadh i bParis an 13adh lá de Dheireadh Fómhair, 1919, agus foluíonn sí aon leasú ar an gConvensiún san a déanfar fé Airtiogal 34 de;
cialluíonn an abairt “Convensiún Warsaw” an Convensiún Eadarnáisiúnta, chun ionannú do dhéanamh ar rialacha áirithe maidir le hiompar eadarnáisiúnta d'aer, do sighníodh i Warsaw an 12adh lá de Dheireadh Fómhair, 1929, agus do tháinig i bhfeidhm maidir le Saorstát Éireann an 19adh lá de Mhí na Nodlag, 1935;
cialluíonn an abairt “Convensiún na Róimhe” an Convensiún Eadarnáisiúnta, chun ionannú do dhéanamh ar rialacha áirithe maidir le damáiste dhéanfaidh aer-árthaighe do threas-pháirtithe ar an talamh, do sighníodh sa Róimh an 29adh lá de Bhealtaine, 1933, agus foluíonn sí aon leasú ar an gConvensiún san go bhfuil Saorstát Éireann páirteach ann;
foluíonn an focal “aer-árthach” gach ballún, pe'ca ceangailte no saor dó, eitleog, sceideog, aer-long agus inneall eitill;
cialluíonn an focal “aer-long” aer-árthach úsáideann geas is éadtruime ná an t-aer chun é do choimeád suas, agus ina bhfuil gléas tiomána;
cialluíonn an focal “ballún” aer-árthach úsáideann geas is éadtruime ná an t-aer chun é do choimeád suas, agus ná fuil aon ghléas tiomána ann;
foluíonn an focal “muir-phlána” bád eitill agus aon aer-árthach eile atá ceaptha chun gluaiseacht ar an uisce;
cialluíonn an abairt “aer-árthach Stáit” aer-árthach míleata agus gach aer-árthach ná húsáidtear ach i seirbhísí Stáit, ar a n-áirmhítear seirbhísí puist, custum agus póilíneachta;
cialluíonn an abairt “aer-árthach le Saorstát Éireann” aerárthach atá cláruithe i Saorstát Éireann;
cialluíonn an abairt “aer-árthach coigríche” aer-árthach atá cláruithe i dtír seachas Saorstát Éireann;
foluíonn an focal “earraí” postanna agus ainmhithe;
cialluíonn an focal “aerodróm” aon líomatáiste cinnte teoranta (agus uisce d'áireamh) atá ceaptha chun a úsáidthe, i bpáirt no go hiomlán, chun aer-árthaighe do thúirling ann no d'imeacht as no maidir leis sin;
foluíonn an focal “talamh” talamh atá fé uisce, aon chuan, aon pháirt d'uiscí tíriúla Shaorstáit Éireann, imeall trágha, aon éasáid, ceart uisce, ceart iascaigh no ceart eile de shaghas ar bith i dtalamh no uisce no ar an gcéanna no maidir leis, ach ní fholuíonn talamh is le Saorstát Éireann de bhuadh Airtiogail 11 den Bhunreacht;
foluíonn an abairt “polasaí árachais” nóta díona;
cialluíonn an abairt “an Chuideachta” an Chuideachta atá le bunú agus le clárú fé Chuid VIII den Acht so;
cialluíonn an abairt “fo-chuideachta” cuideachta aer-iompair ina bhfuil breis agus leath a scair-chaipitail eisithe ar seilbh ag an gCuideachtain;
cialluíonn an abairt “údarás áitiúil” cólucht—
(a) is comhairle chontae-bhuirge no bhuirge eile, no
(b) is comhairle chontae, no
(c) is comhairle bhailecheanntair;
tá na bríonna céanna leis na habairtí “údarás coimeádais” agus “údarás cuain” atá leis na habairtí “conservancy authority” agus “harbour authority” fé seach in alt 742 den Merchant Shipping Act, 1894;
i ngach áit ina bhfuil an focal “orduithe” i gCuid II den Acht so cialluíonn sé orduithe le hordú ar n-a dhéanamh ag an Ard-Chomhairle fén gCuid sin II;
cialluíonn an focal “orduithe” (ach amháin i gCuid II den Acht so) orduithe le rialacháin ar n-a ndéanamh ag an Aire fén Acht so.
(2) Mara n-éilíonn an có-théacs a mhalairt déanfar tagairtí san Acht so do thír no do crích ar bith (le n-a n-áirmhítear Saorstát Éireann) do léiriú mar nithe fholuíonn tagairt do sna huiscí tíriúla (más aon cheann é) atá in aice na tíre no na críche sin.
Feidhm an Achta maidir le haerárthaighe Stáit.
3.—(1) Fé réir forálacha an ailt seo, ní bhainfidh an tAcht so (ach amháin Cuid III dhe) le haon aer-árthach Stáit.
(2) Féadfaidh an Ard-Chomhairle a ordú, le hordú, go mbainfidh pé forálacha den Acht so (ach amháin Cuid III dhe), no d'aon ordú no rialacháin a déanfar fé a luadhfar san ordú san, go mbainfid, go n-atharú no gan atharú, le haer-árthaighe Stáit, agus pé uair a déanfar aon ordú den tsórt san agus a bheidh sé i bhfeidhm beidh feidhm dlí i Saorstát Éireann ag pé forálacha acu san a luadhfar san ordú san, ach san fé réir pé atharuithe (más aon cheann é) a luadhfar san ordú san.
Cosaint d'údaráis tighe sholuis.
4.—Ní dhéanfaidh éinní san Acht so, ná in aon ordú ná rialachán a déanfar fé, dochar ná deifir do chearta, do chomhachta ná do phríbhléidí aon údaráis tighe sholuis, generálta ná áitiúil.
Forálacha generálta maidir le hOrduithe dhéanfaidh an Ard-Chomhairle.
5.—(1) Féadfar ordú dhéanfaidh an Ard-Chomhairle fén Acht so do chur i mbaint le haon aer-árthach i Saorstát Éireann no os a chionn no le haer-árthaighe le Saorstát Éireann pé áit ina mbeid.
(2) Féadfar, le hordú dhéanfaidh an Ard-Chomhairle fén Acht so, a údarú don Aire rialacháin do dhéanamh chun crícheanna an orduithe sin do chólíonadh maidir le pé nithe agus rudaí luadhfar san ordú san.
(3) Ordú dhéanfaidh an Ard-Chomhairle fén Acht so féadfaidh pé forálacha, có-ghabhálach agus breise agus iarmartach, a bheith ann a chífear don Ard-Chomhairle is gá no is oiriúnach chun crícheanna an orduithe sin.
(4) Féadfar, le hordú dhéanfaidh an Ard-Chomhairle fén Acht so, a fhoráil gur cionta is intrialta ar an slí achmair aon bhriseadh no sárú déanfar ar an ordú san agus a ordú cadiad na pionóisí fhéadfaidh cúirteanna dlighinse achmaire a chur ar dhaoine chiontóidh na cúirteanna san in aon chionta den tsórt san, ach san i slí nach mó aon phionós den tsórt san ná príosúntacht ar feadh téarma de shé mhí no fíneáil de dhá chéad punt no an phríosúntacht agus an fhíneáil sin le chéile.
(5) Féadfaidh an Ard-Chomhairle, le hordú fén bhfo-alt so, ceiliúradh no leasú do dhéanamh ar aon ordú bheidh déanta ag an Ard-Chomhairle fén Acht so, le n-a n-áirmhítear ordú bheidh déanta fén bhfo-alt so.
(6) Gach ordú dhéanfaidh an Ard-Chomhairle fén Acht so leagfar é fé bhráid Dháil Éireann chó luath agus is féidir é tar éis a dhéanta agus má dheineann Dáil Éireann, laistigh den lá is fiche shuidhfidh Dáil Éireann tar éis an orduithe sin do leagadh amhlaidh fé bhráid Dháil Éireann, rún do rith ag cur an orduithe sin ar nea-mbrí beidh an t-ordú san curtha ar nea-mbrí dá réir sin ach beidh san gan dochar do dhleathacht éinní do rinneadh roimhe sin fén ordú san.
Rialacháin.
6.—Féadfaidh an tAire, le hordú, rialacháin do dhéanamh—
(a) i dtaobh éinní no aon ruda dá dtagartar san Acht so (ach amháin i gCuid II dhe) mar ní no mar rud atá orduithe;
(b) i dtaobh éinní no aon ruda go n-údarófar don Aire ina thaobh, le hordú ar n-a dhéanamh ag an Ard-Chomhairle fén Acht so, rialacháin do dhéanamh chun crícheanna an orduithe sin do chólíonadh;
(c) i dtaobh éinní no aon ruda a húdaruítear don Aire leis an Acht so d'ordú le rialacháin ar n-a ndéanamh fén Acht so.
Táillí.
7.—Beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas maidir leis na táillí uile is iníoctha fén Acht so, sé sin le rá:—
(a) déanfar na táillí sin do bhailiú in airgead agus do thógaint i pé slí ordóidh an tAire Airgid o am go ham, agus déanfar iad d'íoc isteach sa Stát-Chiste no do chur chun tairbhe don Stát-Chiste do réir orduithe an Aire Airgid; agus
(b) ní bheidh feidhm ag an Public Offices (Fees) Act, 1879, maidir leis na táillí sin.
An Air Navigation Act, 1920, d'ath-ghairm.
8.—Athghairmtear leis seo an Air Navigation Act, 1920.
Costaisí.
9.—Déanfar na costaisí uile fé n-a raghaidh an tAire Airgid chun an Achta so d'fheidhmiú agus, sa mhéid go gceadóidh an tAire Airgid é, na costaisí uile fé n-a raghaidh an tAire Dlí agus Cirt, an tAire Rialtais Áitiúla agus Sláinte Puiblí, an tAire Puist agus Telegrafa, agus an tAire amhlaidh, déanfar iad d'íoc, mara ndeintear socrú eile ina dtaobh fén Acht so, amach as airgead a sholáthróidh an tOireachtas.
CUID II.
Foralácha I dTaobh Chonvensiún Pharis.
Comhacht chun éifeacht do thabhairt do Chonvensiún Pharis.
10.—Féadfaidh an Ard-Chomhairle o am go ham pé orduithe do dhéanamh a chífear dóibh is gá no is oiriúnach chun Convensiún Pharis do chólíonadh agus chun éifeacht do thabhairt dó no d'aon cheann dá fhorálacha, agus beidh feidhm dlí ag gach ordú den tsórt san i Saorstát Éireann.
Comhacht chun feidhm do thabhairt do Chonvensiún Pharis maidir le heiteall inmheánach.
11.—Féadfaidh an Ard-Chomhairle o am go ham, le hordú, a ordú i dtaobh na bhforálacha de Chonvensiún Pharis a bheidh i bhfeidhm de thurus na huaire, no i dtaobh aon cheann acu, pe'ca tá na forálacha san ceaptha chun gan baint ach le haer-árthaighe d'aon tsaghas áirithe no le haer-árthaighe dheineann aon tsaghas áirithe loingseoireachta no ná fuilid, go mbeidh feidhm acu maidir no i ndáil le haon aer-árthaighe i Saorstát Éireann no os a chionn agus pé uair a déanfar aon ordú den tsórt san beidh feidhm, maidir no i ndáil le haon aer-árthach i Saorstát Éireann no os a chionn, ag pé forálacha acu san a luadhfar san ordú san.
Forálacha speisialta féadfar a dhéanamh le hOrdú ón Ard-Chomhairaile.
12.—Gan dochar do gheneráltacht na gcomhacht a bronntar leis an dá alt deiridh sin roimhe seo féadfaidh an Ard-Chomhairle, le hordú ar n-a dhéanamh fé cheachtar alt acu san, socrú do dhéanamh—
(a) á ordú cadé an t-údarás fheidhmeoidh i Saorstát Éireann aon chomhacht dá bhfuil infheidhmithe fé Chonvensiún Pharis ag Stát connarthach no ag aon údarás ann;
(b) chun aerodrómanna do cheadúnú, d'iniúchadh, agus do rialáil, chun dul isteach in aerodrómanna agus in áiteanna ina mbeidh aer-árthaighe tar éis túirlinge, chun dul isteach i monarchana aer-árthach chun na hoibre bheidh ar siúl ionta d'iniúchadh, chun úsáid aerodrómanna nea-cheadúnuithe do thoirmeasc no do rialáil, agus chun an phearsanra do cheadúnú bheidh ar fostú in aerodrómanna chun aer-árthaighe d'iniúchadh no do mhaoirsiú;
(c) i dtaobh na slí ina ndéanfar agus na gcoinníollacha ar a ndéanfar aon deimhniú no ceadúnas, is gá do réir an orduithe no do réir Chonvensiún Pharis, do thabhairt amach agus d'athnuachaint, agus leis sin áirmhítear an scrúdú agus na tástála fé n-a raghfar agus fuirm, coinneáil, taisbeáint, cealú, agus tabhairt-suas aon deimhnithe no ceadúnais den tsórt san, agus a chur ar fiunraoi, agus cúl-scríbhinn do chur air;
(d) i dtaobh aer-árthaighe do chlárú i Saorstát Éireann;
(e) i dtaobh na gcoinníollacha fé n-a bhféadfar aer-árthaighe d'úsáid chun paisnéirí agus earraí d'iompar;
(f) i dtaobh na gcoinníollacha fé n-a bhféadfaidh aer-árthaighe gabháil, no fé n-a bhféadfaidh aer-árthaighe paisnéirí no earraí do thabhairt, isteach i Saorstát Éireann no amach as no o pháirt de Shaorstát Éireann go páirt eile dhe;
(g) ag tabhairt saoirse o fhorálacha an orduithe no o fhorálacha Chonvensiún Pharis, no o aon cheann acu, d'aer-árthaighe a heitleofar chun crícheanna tástála no d'aon aer-árthaighe no daoine eile i gcás ina bhfeicfear nár cheart feidhm do bheith ag an gcéanna;
(h) á ordú cadiad na scálaí d'éilithe bheidh i bhfeidhm in aerodrómanna ceadúnaithe;
(i) ag ceapadh aon líomatáiste chun bheith ina líomatáiste thoirmiscthe chun crícheanna an orduithe;
(j) a ordú cadiad an táillí bheidh le n'íoc as aon deimhniú no ceadúnas do dheonadh no ar shlí eile chun crícheanna an orduithe no Chonvensiún Pharis;
(k) ag foirlíonadh Chonvensiún Pharis, i pé slí chífear do bheith riachtanach no caothúil, le rialacháin a bheidh ceaptha chun cabhrú le sábháltacht aer-árthach agus le sábháltacht daoine agus maoine bheidh á n-iompar ionta, agus chun aer-árthaighe do chosc ar dhaoine agus ar mhaoin eile do chur i mbaol;
(l) chun stiúradh agus rialáil do dhéanamh ar thithe soluis aerdha ar shoillse ag aerodrómanna agus tithe soluis aerdha no ina gcomharsanacht, agus ar shoillse d'fhéadfadh aer-árthaighe do chur i mbaol;
(m) ag déanamh rialála maidir le haer-árthaighe agus daoine ar iompar ionta do dhéanamh comharthaí agus conbharsáidí eile no maidir le comharthaí agus conbharsáidí eile do dhéanamh leo, agus ag déanamh rialála maidir le húsáid aon mheirge bheidh bunuithe chun crícheanna bhaineann le haer-loingseoireacht;
(n) ag ordú éinní no aon ruda dá dtagartar sa Chuid seo den Acht so mar ní no mar rud atá orduithe.
Comhacht chun a chur fhiachaint ar aer-árthach géilleadh nuair ná déanfaidh do réir chomharthaí.
13.—Má eitlíonn aer-árthach ar bith no má bheireann fé eiteall os cionn aon líomatáiste bheidh ceaptha mar líomatáiste thoirmiscthe fé réim no de bhuadh ordú ar n-a dhéanamh fén gCuid seo den Acht so no má théigheann no má bheireann fé dhul isteach i Saorstát Éireann contrárdha d'aon ordú den tsórt san, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) beidh sé dleathach d'aon oifigeach a bheidh ceaptha chuige sin leis an ordú san a chur fé ndeár an comhartha san do thabhairt a bheidh orduithe leis an ordú san, agus
(b) más rud é, tar éis an chomhartha san do thabhairt di, go dteipfidh ar an aer-árthach freagra do thabhairt ar an gcomhartha san tré dhéanamh do réir na bhforálacha den ordú san le n-a n-orduítear an gníomh a bheidh le déanamh ar an gcomhartha san do thabhairt, beidh sé dleathach don oifigeach san caitheamh leis an aerárthach san no isteach inti agus éinní agus gach ní eile ar a chumas do dhéanamh chun a chur fhiachaint uirthi déanamh do réir na bhforálacha san;
(c) ní bunófar aon aicsean ná aon imeachta dlí eile ar bith, síbhialta ná coiriúil, in aon chúirt i Saorstát Éireann i dtaobh éinní do dhéanamh a húdaruítear d'aon oifigeach den tsórt san do dhéanamh fén alt so, pe'ca an t-oifigeach san féin a dhéanfaidh an ní sin no duine bheidh ag gníomhú mar chabhair don oifigeach san no fé stiúradh an oifigigh sin.
Costaisí an Choimisiúin Eadarnáisiúnta um Aer-Loingseoireacht, etc.
14.—Íocfaidh an tAire, amach as airgead a sholáthróidh an tOireachtas, aon tsuimeanna is gá chun íoctha an tsíntiúis o Shaorstát Éireann le haghaidh cóghléasadh agus obair an Choimisiúin Eadarnáisiúnta um Aer-Loingseoireacht do bunuíodh fé Chonvensiún Pharis no fé n-a raghfar de dhruim toscaireachtaí do chur amach.
Orduithe agus rialacháin do rinneadh fé Chuid I den Air Navigation Act, 1920, do leanúint i bhfeidhm.
15.—Gach ordú agus rialachán do rinneadh fé Chuid I den Air Navigation Act, 1920, agus atá i bhfeidhm le linn an Achta so do rith, tuigfear chun crícheanna an Achta so gur fén gCuid seo den Acht so do rinneadh iad agus féadfar dá réir sin iad do leasú no do cheiliúradh le hordú ón Ard-Chomhairle agus, go dtí go gceiliúrfar amhlaidh iad agus fé réir aon leasuithe den tsórt san, leanfaid i bhfeidhm.
Deimhnithe agus ceadúnaisí atá ann cheana do leanúint i bhfeidhm.
16.—Gach deimhniú agus ceadúnas do deonadh fén Air Navigation Act, 1920, no fé aon ordú no rialacháin do rinneadh fé, agus atá i bhfeidhm ar dháta an Achta so do rith, leanfaid i bhfeidhm agus tuigfear, chun gach críche, gur fén Acht so no fén ordú no fén rialachán san do deonadh iad.
CUID III.
Iompar d'Aer.
CAIBIDIL I.
Iompar Eadarnáisiúnta d'Aer.
Feidhm dlí do bheith ag Convensiún Warsaw i Saorstát Éireann.
17.—(1) Sa mhéid go mbainid le cearta agus fiachaisí iompróirí, paisnéirí, consighneoirí, consighnithe agus daoine eile, agus fé réir forálacha an ailt seo agus an chéad ailt eile, beidh feidhm dlí ag forálacha Chonvensiún Warsaw, mar atáid leagtha amach sa Chéad Sceideal a ghabhann leis an Acht so, i Saorstát Éireann maidir le haon iompar d'aer le n-a mbaineann Convensiún Warsaw, pé náisiúntacht a bheidh ag an aer-árthach a dhéanfaidh an t-iompar san.
(2) Féadfaidh an Ard-Chomhairle o am go ham a dheimhniú, le hordú, cé hiad is Ard-Pháirtithe Connarthacha i gConvensiún Warsaw, cadiad na críocha dar páirtithe iad fé seach, agus cadé an méid feidhme bhaineadar as an bPrótocol Breise ghabhann le Convensiún Warsaw agus, sa mhéid ná beidh sé curtha i leataoibh le hordú ina dhiaidh sin fén bhfo-alt so, beidh aon ordú den tsórt san ina fhianaise dho-chlaoite ar na nithe deimhneofar amhlaidh.
(3) Aon tagairt sa Chéad Sceideal a ghabhann leis an Acht so do chrích aon Ard-Pháirtí Chonnarthaigh i gConvensiún Warsaw léireofar í mar thagairt do sna críocha, fé n-a fhlaitheas, fé n-a thiarnas, fé n-a mhandáid, no fé n-a údarás, dar páirtí é.
(4) Déanfar, chun crícheanna aicsin i gcoinnibh an iompróra, aon tsuim i bhfrancanna luaidhtear in Airtiogal 22 den Chéad Sceideal a ghabhann leis an Acht so d'atharú in airgead reatha Shaorstáit Éireann do réir an ráta mhalairte bheidh ann ar an dáta ar a ndéanfaidh an chúirt amach méid aon damáiste bheidh le n'íoc ag an iompróir.
(5) Chun crícheanna an ailt seo déanfar tagairtí do ghníomhairí sa Chéad Sceideal a ghabhann leis an Acht so do léiriú mar nithe fholuíonn tagairtí do sheirbhísigh.
Fiachas iompróra i gcás paisnéir d'éagadh.
18.—Aon fhiachas a fhorchuireann Airtiogal 17 den Chéad Sceideal a ghabhann leis an Acht so ar iompróir mar gheall ar bhás paisnéara beidh sé in ionad aon fhiachais do bheadh ar an iompróir fé aon reacht no do réir an ghnáth-dhlí mar gheall ar bhás an phaisnéara san, agus beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas maidir leis na daoine ag á mbeidh agus gur chun tairbhe dhóibh a bheidh an fiachas a forchuirtear amhlaidh ionfhoirfheidhmithe agus maidir leis an slí ina bhféadfar é d'fhoirfheidhmiú, sé sin le rá:—
(a) beidh an fiachas ionfhoirfheidhmithe chun tairbhe do sna baill sin de líntighe an phaisnéara dá ndearnadh damáiste de dheascaibh a bháis;
(b) chun crícheanna míre (a) den alt so:—
(i) cialluíonn an abairt “ball de líntighe” bean chéile no fear céile, athair, máthair, leas-athair, leasmháthair, athair mór, máthair mhór, driotháir, drifiúr, leas-driotháir, leas-drifiúr, leanbh, leasleanbh, gar-leanbh,
(ii) le linn aon ghaol do chóimhreamh, tuigfear go bhfuil no go raibh aon duine mí-dhlisteanach ina leanbh dhlisteanach le n-a mháthair agus le n-a athair toimhdean;
(c) féadfaidh ionadaí pearsanta an phaisnéara, no éinne go mbeidh an fiachas ionfhoirfheidhmithe chun tairbhe dhó fé mhír (a) den alt so, aicsean do bhunú chun an fhiachais d'fhoirfheidhmiú, ach ní bunófar ach aon aicsean amháin i Saorstát Éireann maidir le bás aon phaisnéara áirithe agus, pé duine bhunóidh é, bunófar gach aicsean den tsórt san chun tairbhe do sna daoine sin uile bheidh i dteideal amhlaidh agus a bheidh ina gcomhnaí i Saorstát Éireann no, mara mbeid ina gcomhnaí ansan, a chuirfidh in úil gur mian leo tairbhe an aicsin do ghlacadh;
(d) an méid a féadfar a bhaint amach in aon aicsean den den tsort san ní bheidh sé níos mó ná an chailliúint a bheidh tagtha agus is deallrathach a thiocfaidh as an mbás san do bhaill líntighe an phaisnéara;
(e) fé réir forálacha míre (f) den alt so déanfar an méid a bainfear amach in aon aicsean den tsórt san do roinnt, tar éis aon chostaisí ná bainfear don chosantóir do bhaint as, ar na daoine bheidh ina theideal i pé cionúireachtaí chinnfidh agus ordóidh an breitheamh a thriailfidh an t-aicsean san no gur ina láthair a triailfear é;
(f) an chúirt gur ina láthair a bunófar aon aicsean den tsórt san féadfaidh, le linn aon chéime de sna himeachta, pé ordú do dhéanamh do chífear don chúirt do bheith ceart agus cothrom ag féachaint do sna forálacha, den Chéad Sceideal a ghabhann leis an Acht so, a theorannuíonn fiachas iompróra agus ag féachaint d'aon imeachta do tosnuíodh no is deallrathach a tosnófar lasmuich de Shaorstát Éireann maidir le bás an phaisnéara bheidh i gceist.
Aicsin in aghaidh Ard-Pháirtithe Connarthacha ghlacann do láimh iompar d'aer do dhéanamh.
19.—(1) Gach Ard-Pháirtí Connarthach i gConvensiún Warsaw nár bhain feidhm as forálacha an Phrótocuil Bhreise ghabhann leis an gConvensiún san tuigfear ina thaobh, chun crícheanna aon aicsin a bunófar i gCúirt le Saorstát Éireann do réir forálacha Airtiogail 28 den Chéad Sceideal a ghabhann leis an Acht so chun éileamh maidir le hiompar do ghlac sé do láimh d'fhoirfheidhmiú, gur ghéill sé d'údarás na Cúirte sin, agus dá réir sin féadfar a shocrú le rialacha cúirte cadé an tslí ina dtosnófar aon aicsean den tsórt san agus ina raghfar ar aghaidh leis.
(2) Ní údaróidh éinní san alt so rit fheidhmiúcháin do thabhairt amach in aghaidh maoine aon Ard-Pháirtí Chonnarthaigh.
CAIBIDIL II.
Iompar d'aer nach iompar eadarnáisiúnta.
Feidhm do thabhairt do Chaibidil I den Chuid seo den Acht so maidir le hiompar d'aer nach iompar eadarnáisiúnta.
20.—Féadfaidh an Ard-Chomhairle, le hordú, feidhm do thabhairt d'fhorálacha an Chéad Sceidil a ghabhann leis an Acht so agus d'aon fhoráil (seachas an t-alt deiridh sin roimhe seo) de Chaibidil I den Chuid seo den Acht so maidir le pé iompar d'aer, nach iompar eadarnáisiúnta d'aer mar a mínítear san sa Chéad Sceideal san, agus a luadhfar san ordú san, ach san fé réir pé eisceachtaí, oiriúnuithe agus atharuithe luadhfar san ordú san, agus pé uair a déanfar aon ordú den tsórt san beidh feidhm dlí i Saorstát Éireann ag forálacha an Chéad Sceidil sin, agus ag aon fhoráil den Chaibidil sin I a luadhfar san ordú san, maidir le haon iompar d'aer, nach iompar eadarnáisiúnta d'aer mar a mínítear san amhlaidh, agus a luadhfar san ordú san, ach san fé réir pé eisceachtaí, oiriúnuithe agus atharuithe (más aon cheann é) a luadhfar san ordú san.
CUID IV.
Fiachas mar gheall ar Dhamáiste Dhéanfaidh Aer-Árthaighe do Dhaoine agus do Mhaoin ar Talamh no ar Uisce, Cúiseanna Aicsin Eireoidh as an bhFiachas san do Mharthain tar éis Bháis Daoine Áirithe, an Fiachas san do Theorannú, agus é bheith d'Oblagáid ar Unaerí Aer-Árthach Arachú in aghaidh Fiachais den tSórt san.
CAIBIDIL I.
Fiachas mar gheall ar Dhamáiste Dhéanfaidh Aer-Arthaighe do Dhaoine no do Mhaoin ar Talamh no ar Uisce.
Fiachas mar gheall ar dhamáiste dhéanfaidh aer-árthaighe do dhaoine no do mhaoin ar talamh no ar uisce.
21.—(1) Más rud é, le linn aer-árthach do bheith ag eiteall no ag eirghe no ag túirling, go dtárlóidh damáiste no caillteanas substainteach d'aon daoine no maoin ar talamh no ar uisce tré bhíthin an aer-árthaigh sin no tré bhíthin éinne inti no tré bhíthin aon earra no duine ag tuitim aisti, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) beidh airgead damáiste ionbhainte d'únaer an aerárthaigh sin alos an damáiste no an chaillteanais sin, gan cruthúnas ar fhaillí ná ar intinn ná ar chúis eile aicsin, fé is dá mb' é a ghníomh no a fhaillí thoiliúil ba thrúig leis an gcéanna, ach amháin i gcás in ar thárla an damáiste no an caillteanas de dheascaibh faillí an té dá dtárla an céanna no inar chabhair chuige an fhaillí sin;
(b) más rud é, mar gheall ar chúrsaí an cháis ina dtárlóidh an damáiste no an caillteanas san—
(i) ná beidh airgead damáiste ionbhainte den únaer sin alos an damáiste no an chaillteanais sin ach de bhuadh na bhforálacha san roimhe seo den fho-alt so, agus
(ii) go mbeidh fiachas dlíthiúil ar dhuine éigin, seachas an t-únaer sin, airgead damáiste d'íoc alos an damáiste no an chaillteanais sin,
beidh an t-únaer sin i dteideal an duine eile sin dá shlánú i gcoinnibh aon éilimh mar gheall ar an damáiste no an caillteanas san.
(2) I gcás—
(a) aon aer-árthach do bheith aistrithe no leigthe no curtha ar aimsir bona fide ag á húnaer chun aon duine eile ar feadh tréimhse is sia ná ceithre lá déag, agus
(b) gan aon phíolóid, ceannasaí ná loingseoir don aer-árthach san ná aon bhall oibritheach dá fuirinn do bheith ar fostú ag an únaer sin,
beidh éifeacht ag fo-alt (1) den alt so fé is dá gcuirtí ann, in ionad na dtagairtí atá ann don únaer, tagairtí don duine chun a mbeidh an t-aer-árthach aistrithe no leigthe no curtha ar aimsir amhlaidh.
(3) Ní dhéanfaidh éinní san alt so deifir d'oibriú Coda III den Acht so ná d'aon chonnradh chun paisnéirí no earraí d'iompar d'aer sa mhéid go socrófar leis an gconnradh i dtaobh fiachas an iompróra fé do chinneadh no do theorannú.
CAIBIDIL II.
Cúiseanna Aicsin eireoidh as Fiachas mar gheall ar Dhamáiste Dhéanfaidh Aer-Árthaighe do Dhaoine agus do Mhaoin ar Talamh no ar Uisce do Mharthain tar éis Bháis Daoine áirithe, an Fiachas san do Theorannú, agus é bheith d'Oblagáid ar Unaerí Aer-Árthach Árachú in aghaidh Fiachais den tsórt san.
Tosach feidhme Caibidil II de Chuid IV.
22.—Tiocfaidh an Chaibidil seo den Chuid seo den Acht so i ngníomh pé lá ceapfar chuige sin le hordú ón Aire.
Cúis aicsin, alos caillteanais no damáiste thárlóidh do dhaoine agus do mhaoin ar talamh no ar uisce tré bhíthin aer-árthach, do mharthain tar éis bháis daoine áirithe.
23.—(1) Bainfidh an t-alt so le gach cúis aicsin alos caillteanais no damáiste thárlóidh, tar éis tosach feidhme na Caibidile seo den Chuid seo den Acht so, do dhaoine no do mhaoin ar talamh no ar uisce tré bhíthin aer-árthaigh, no tré bhíthin duine inti, no tré bhíthin earra no duine ag tuitim aisti, agus an t-aer-árthach san ag eiteall no ag eirghe no ag túirling.
(2) Fé réir forálacha an ailt seo, ar fháil bháis do dhuine ar bith tar éis tosach feidhme na Caibidile seo den Chuid seo den Acht so, leanfaidh gach cúis aicsin, le n-a mbainfidh an t-alt so agus a bheidh ann i gcoinnibh an duine sin no dílsithe ann de bheith ar marthain i gcoinnibh a estáit no chun tairbhe dá estát (pe'ca aca é).
(3) I gcás—
(a) cúis aicsin le n-a mbainfidh an t-alt so do mharthain, de bhuadh an fho-ailt deiridh sin roimhe seo, chun tairbhe d'estát duine mhairbh, agus
(b) bás an duine sin do thárlachtaint tré bhíthin na gcúrsaí as ar eirigh an chúis aicsin sin,
déanfar an t-airgead damáiste is ionbhainte amach chun tairbhe dá estát d'áireamh gan áird do thabhairt ar éinní do chaill no do bhuaidh a estát de dhruim a bháis, ach amháin go bhféadfar suim in aghaidh costaisí sochraide do chur san áireamh.
(4) Ní bheidh aon imeachta ionsuidhte mar gheall ar chúis aicsin a mhairfidh, de bhuadh an ailt seo, i gcoinnibh estáit duine mhairbh maran rud é—
(a) go mbeidh imeachta ina choinnibh mar gheall ar an gcúis aicsin sin ar feitheamh ar dháta a bháis, no
(b) go n-eireoidh an chúis aicsin sin ar dháta nach luaithe ná sé mhí roimh a bhás agus go mbunófar imeachta mar gheall uirthi ar dháta nach déanaí ná sé mhí tar éis dá ionadaí pearsanta litreacha riaracháin do thógaint amach.
(5) I gcás damáiste do dhéanamh de bhíthin aon chúrsaí do bhéarfadh go mbeadh cúis aicsin le n-a mbainfeadh an t-alt so ann i gcoinnibh duine ar bith dá mba ná héagfadh an duine sin roimh am déanta an damáiste no le n-a linn sin, tuigfear, chun crícheanna an ailt seo, pé cúis aicsin, de bhíthin na gcúrsaí sin, do bheadh ann dá mba tar éis am déanta an damáiste d'éagfadh sé do bheith ann ina choinnibh roimh a bhás.
(6) I gcás estát go mbeidh imeachta ionsuidhte ina choinnibh de bhuadh an ailt seo do bheith dócmhainneach, tuigfear, maidir le haon fhiachas alos na cúise aicsin gur ina taobh a bheidh na himeachta san ionsuidhte, gur fiacha é is ionchruthuithe in obair riartha an estáit, d'ainneoin gurb éileamh é de shaghas airgead damáiste neamh-íoctha d'eirigh ar shlí seachas tré chonnradh no tré gheallúint.
Fiachas mar gheall ar dhamáiste dhéanfaidh aer-árthaighe do dhaoine agus do mhaoin ar talamh no ar uisce do theorannú.
24.—(1) Fé réir forálacha an ailt seo, ní dhlighfidh duine no a estát (do réir mar a bheidh), mar gheall ar chaillteanas no damáiste thárlóidh tar éis tosach feidhme na Caibidile seo den Chuid seo den Acht so, gan aon fhaillí mhór ná mí-iompar toiliúil ar a thaobh féin agus gan aon fháillí mhór ná mí-iompar toiliúil (ar a raibh eolas aige) ar thaobh a sheirbhíseach no a ghníomhairí, ar aon ócáid áirithe do dhaoine no do mhaoin ar talamh no ar uisce tré bhíthin aon aer-árthaigh áirithe no tré bhíthin duine inti, no tré bhíthin earra no duine ag tuitim aisti, agus an t-aer-árthach san ag eiteall no ag eirghe no ag túirling, ní dhlighfidh suim is mó ar fad ná suim acu so leanas d'íoc mar airgead damáiste:—
(a) i gcás gurb aer-long an t-aer-árthach san, cúig mhíle fichead punt, no
(b) i gcás gur ballún (ceangailte no saor) an t-aer-árthach san, cúig mhíle punt, no
(c) i gcás gur sceideog an t-aer-árthach san, míle punt, no
(d) in aon chás eile—
(i) oiread punt d'airgead reatha Shaorstáit Éireann agus a bheidh de phúint meáchainte i meáchaint an aer-árthaigh sin fé lán-ualach, no
(ii) más lugha ná cúig mhíle punt no más mó ná cúig mhíle fichead punt an tsuim a déanfar amach fé fho-mhír (i) den mhír seo, cúig mhíle punt no cúig mhíle fichead punt, do réir mar a bheidh.
(2) Gan dochar d'oibriú an chéad fho-ailt ina dhiaidh seo, ní bheidh duine no a estát (do réir mar a bheidh) i dteideal tairbhe fo-ailt (1) den alt so maidir le haon chaillteanas no damáiste más rud é, le linn an ní ba thrúig leis an gcaillteanas no leis an damáiste do thárlachtaint, nárbh eisean únaer an aer-árthaigh a bheidh i gceist agus go raibh sé san aer-árthach no go raibh an t-aer-árthach ina sheilbh no fé n-a urláimh gan údarás ná cead a únaera.
(3) Ní bheidh duine no a estát (do réir mar a bheidh) i dteideal tairbhe fo-ailt (1) den alt so maidir le haon éileamh a déanfar alos caillteanais no damáiste den tsórt a luaidhtear sa bhfo-alt san (1) mara gcruthuítear—
(a) polasaí árachais do thug árachoir ceaduithe aer-árthach amach agus a dheineann, fé réir aon tsrianta no coinníollacha luaidhtear ann, únaer an aer-árthaigh a bheidh i gceist d'árachú in aghaidh an fhiachais uile fé n-a raghaidh alos an chaillteanais no an damáiste sin, do bheith i bhfeidhm maidir leis an aer-árthach san le linn an ní do thárlachtaint ba thrúig leis an gcaillteanas no leis an damáiste as ar eirigh an t-éileamh, no
(b) más i gcoinnibh an té gur leis an t-aer-árthach an uair sin no i gcoinnibh a estáit a déanfar an t-éileamh, an t-aer-árthach do bheith an uair sin i seilbh no fé urláimh duine éigin eile gan údarás ná cead an únaera, no
(c) únaer an aer-árthaigh do bheith an uair sin ina dhuine eiscithe do réir bhrí na Caibidile seo den Chuid seo den Acht so.
(4) Má deirtear aon duine no estát aon duine do bheith fé fhiachas ar bith alos caillteanais no damáiste den tsórt a luaidhtear i bhfo-alt (1) den alt so, agus go ndéanfar no go measfar go ndéanfar éilithe iomdha alos an fhiachais sin, féadfaidh an duine sin no a ionadaí pearsanta, pe'ca aca é, iarratas do dhéanamh chun na hArd-Chúirte, agus leis sin féadfaidh an chúirt—
(a) méid an fhiachais do chinneadh agus, fé réir forálacha an chéad fho-ailt ina dhiaidh seo, an méid sin do roinnt go rátúil ar na héilitheoirí uile;
(b) aon imeachta bheidh ar feitheamh in aon chúirt eile i dtaobh an ní chéanna do stad; agus
(c) pé orduithe is ceart dar leis an gcúirt do thabhairt chun daoine go mbaint acu leis an gcúrsa do chur le chéile mar pháirtithe sna himeachta, chun éilithe ná tabharfar os cóir na cúirte fé cheann aimsire áirithe do dhúnadh amach, agus chun a cheangal ar an té do rinne an t-iarratas chun na cúirte urrús do thabhairt uaidh.
(5) Más rud é, de bhuadh an ailt seo, gur lugha méid an fhiachais ná méid iomlán an airgid damáiste go mbeadh na héilitheoirí uile, mara mbeadh an t-alt so, i dteideal é bhaint amach, déanfar an méid a céad-luaidhtear, chó fada le n-a leath, do leithreasú ar an gcéad ásc chun aon éilithe mar gheall ar chailliúint anama no díobháil phearsanta d'íoc, agus déanfar aon chuid den mhéid sin ná leithreasófar amhlaidh do roinnt ar na héilitheoirí uile do réir méid a n-éilithe, ar a n-áirmhítear aon éilithe mar gheall ar chailliúint anama no díobháil phearsanta más mó iad agus sa mhéid gur mó iad ná an méid sin a leithreasófar amhlaidh.
(6) Ní léireofar éinní atá san alt so mar ní dheineann deifir do mhéid aon chúitimh is iníoctha fén Acht um Chúiteamh do Lucht Oibre, 1934 (Uimh. 9 de 1934).
(7) Ní dhéanfaidh éinní san alt so deifir d'oibriú Coda III den Acht so ná d'aon chonnradh chun paisnéirí no earraí d'iompar d'aer sa mhéid go socrófar leis an gconnradh i dtaobh fiachas an iompróra fé do chinneadh no do theorannú.
(8) Féadfaidh an tAire rialacháin do dhéanamh á ordú cadé an tslí ina ndéanfar amach meáchaint aer-árthaigh fé lán-ualach chun crícheanna an ailt seo, agus á ordú, i gcás aer-árthaigh d'aon chineál áirithe, go mbeidh pé scríbhinn (eadhon, scríbhinn ina ndéarfar gur meáchaint áirithe is meáchaint don aerárthach fé lán-ualach) a luadhfar sna rialacháin ina fianaise ar an meáchaint sin.
E bheith d'oblagáid ar únaerí aer-árthach bheith árachuithe in aghaidh fionntracha treaspháirtí áirithe.
25.—(1) Tar éis tosach feidhme na Caibidile seo den Chuid seo den Acht so, ní bheidh sé dleathach do dhuine ar bith aerárthach d'eiteall ná a chur fé ndeár ná a leigint d'aon duine eile san do dhéanamh maran rud é—
(a) go mbeidh polasaí árachais i bhfeidhm maidir leis an duine sin no an duine eile sin d'eiteall an aer-árthaigh sin, sé sin, polasaí árachais (dá ngairmtear polasaí árachais ceaduithe sa Chaibidil seo den Chuid seo den Acht so) do thug árachóir ceaduithe aer-árthach amach agus a dheineann, fé réir aon tsrianta no coinníollacha luaidhtear ann, únaer an aer-árthaigh sin d'árachú in aghaidh an fhiachais uile fé n-a raghaidh alos caillteanais no damáiste thárlóidh do dhaoine no do mhaoin ar talamh no ar uisce i Saorstát Éireann tré bhíthin an aer-árthaigh, no tré bhíthin duine inti, no tré bhíthin aon earra no duine ag tuitim aisti, agus an t-aer-árthach san ag eiteall no ag eirghe no ag túirling; no
(b) gur duine eiscithe do réir bhrí na Caibidile seo den Chuid seo den Acht so únaer an aer-árthaigh sin.
(2) Má dheineann duine ar bith éinní contrárdha don alt so beidh sé cointach i gcionta fén alt so agus ar a chiontú ann ar an slí achmair dlighfear fíneáil ná raghaidh thar dhá cheád punt do chur air no, más rogha leis an gcúirt é, príosúntacht ar feadh aon téarma nach sia ná sé mhí no an fhíneáil sin agus an phríosúntacht san le chéile.
Aímsiritheoirí aer-árthach d'áireamh ina n-únaerí i gcásanna áirithe.
26.—I gcás—
(a) aon aer-árthach do bheith aistrithe no leigthe no curtha ar aimsir bona fide ag á húnaer chun aon duine eile ar feadh tréimhse is sia ná ceithre lá déag, agus
(b) gan aon phíolóid, ceannasaí ná loingseoir don aerárthach san ná aon bhall oibritheach dá fuirinn do bheith ar fostú ag an únaer sin,
beidh éifeacht ag an dá alt deiridh sin roimhe seo fé is dá gcuirtí ionta, in ionad na dtagairtí atá ionta don únaer, tagairtí don duine chun a mbeidh an t-aer-árthach aistrithe no leigthe no curtha ar aimsir amhlaidh.
Arachóir ceaduithe aer-árthach.
27.—(1) Féadfaidh an tAire o am go ham, le hordú, a dhearbhú gur árachóir ceaduithe aer-árthach chun crícheanna na Coda so den Acht so duine áirithe, agus pé uair a déanfar aon ordú den tsórt san agus a bheidh sé i bhfeidhm beidh an té go ndearbhuítear leis gur árachóir ceaduithe aer-árthach chun crícheanna na Coda so den Acht so é ina árachóir cheaduithe aer-árthach chun na críche sin.
(2) Féadfaidh an tAire, le hordú, ordú bheidh déanta fén alt so do cheiliúradh.
Deimhniú árachais.
28.—Ní bheidh éifeacht ar bith ag polasaí árachais chun crícheanna na bhforálacha san roimhe seo den Chaibidil seo den Chuid seo den Acht so mara ndeinidh ná go dtí go ndéanfaidh an t-árachóir deimhniú (dá ngairmtear deimhniú árachais sa Chuid seo den Acht so) do thabhairt amach don árachaí i dtaobh an pholasaí sin i pé fuirm agus go pé mion-innste ann éileoidh an tAire.
“Daoine eiscithe”.
29.—(1) Sa Chaibidil seo den Chuid seo den Acht so cialluíonn an abairt “duine eiscithe” duine—
(a) do lóisteáil agus do choimeád ar lóisteáil le Cuntasóir na gCúirteanna Breithiúnais, alos aon aer-árthaigh is leis, an méid oiriúnach údaruíonn an chéad alt ina dhiaidh seo do dhaoine, gur mian leo bheith ina ndaoine eiscithe, a lóisteáil; agus
(b) dar dheon an tAire deimhniú (a bheidh i bhfeidhm de thurus na huaire) fén gcéad fho-alt ina dhiaidh seo alos an aer-árthaigh sin.
(2) Má chuireann duine ár bith is únaer ar aon aer-árthach ina luighe ar an Aire gur lóisteáil sé an méid oiriúnach le Cuntasóir na gCúirteanna Breithiúnais alos an aer-árthaigh sin, bhéarfaidh an tAire amach don duine sin deimhniú (dá ngairmtear deimhniú urrúis sa Chaibidil seo den Chuid seo den Acht so) i pé fuirm agus go pé mion-innste ann is ceart dar leis an Aire.
(3) Más rud é—
(a) go ndéanfaidh an tAire deimhniú urrúis do thabhairt amach do dhuine ar bith fén alt so, agus
(b) (i) ná déanfar an méid, a luadhfar i bhfógra easnaimh do bhéarfaidh Cuntasóir na gCuirteanna Breith iúnais don duine sin do réir na bhforálacha den Chaibidil seo den Chuid seo den Acht so bhaineann le fiacha breithiúntais d'íoc amach as éarlais, do lóisteáil le Cuntasóir na gCúirteanna Breithiúnais fé cheann ceithre lá déag tar éis don duine sin an fógra san d'fháil, no
(ii) go scuirfidh an éarlais do lóisteáil an duine sin am deonta an deimhnithe sin de bheith á coimeád ar lóisteáil,
ceiliúrfaidh an tAire an deimhniú san.
(4) San alt so cialluíonn an abairt “an méid oiriúnach” maidir le haon éarlais a lóisteálfar le Cuntasóir na gCúirteanna Breithiúnais—
(a) más únaer ar dhá aer-árthach ar a mhéid an té lóisteálfaidh an éarlais sin, an tsuim a luaidhtear i bhfo-alt (1) den chéad alt ina dhiaidh seo alos na n-aer-árthach san, agus
(b) más únaer ar thrí aer-árthach no níos mó an duine sin, an tsuim a luaidhtear i bhfo-alt (2) den chéad alt ina dhiaidh seo alos na n-aer-árthach san.
Earlaisí o dhaoine eiscithe.
30.—(1) Einne is únaer ar dhá aer-árthach ar a mhéid agus gur mian leis bheith ina dhuine eiscithe féadfaidh suim is cóionann leis an suim mhaximum a cinntear maidir leis na haerárthaighe sin le fo-alt (1) d'alt 24 den Acht so (alt a bhaineann le fiachas mar gheall ar dhamáiste dhéanfaidh aer-árthaighe do dhaoine agus do mhaoin ar talamh no ar uisce do theorannú) do lóisteáil agus do choimeád ar lóisteáil le Cuntasóir na gCúirteanna Breithiúnais.
(2) Einne is únaer ar thrí aer-árthach no níos mó agus gur mian leis a bheith ina dhuine eiscithe féadfaidh suim is có-ionann le méid iomlán an dá cheann is mó de sna suimeanna maximum uile agus fé seach a cinntear fé fho-alt (1) d'alt 24 den Acht so maidir leis na haer-árthaighe sin fé seach do lóisteáil agus do choimeád ar lóisteáil le Cuntasóir na gCúirteanna Breithiúnais.
(3) Déanfaidh Cuntasóir na gCúirteanna Breithiúnais gach suim a lóisteálfar leis fén alt so do shúncáil i pé cinn, de sna hurrúis go mbeidh údaruithe do réir dlí cistí san Ard-Chúirt do shúncáil ionta, ordóidh an té lóisteálfaidh no chothabhálfaidh an éarlais sin, agus déanfar an t-ioncuim a fhásfaidh ar na hurrúis sin d'íoc leis an duine sin.
(4) Ní ghlacfaidh Cuntasóir na gCúirteanna Breithiúnais le héarlais fén alt so ach amháin ar bharántas ón Aire.
(5) Féadfaidh an tAire, le hordú, rialacha do dhéanamh maidir le hiarrataisí ar bharántaisí chun crícheanna an ailt seo, le héarlaisí d'íoc agus iad do shúncáil no deighleáil leo, le stuic, scáireanna, no urrúis eile do lóisteáil in ionad airgid, leis an ioncum d'íoc a thiocfaidh chun bheith dlite o am go ham ar aon urrúis ina mbeidh éarlaisí súncálta de thurus na huaire, agus le héarlaisí do tharrac amach agus d'aistriú.
Fiacha breithiúntais d'íoc amach as éarlais.
31.—(1) San alt so—
cialluíonn an focal “éarlais” éarlais d'airgead no d'urrúis in ionad airgid a lóisteálfar le Cuntasóir na gCúirteanna Breithiúnais fén gCaibidil seo den Chuid seo den Acht so d'fhonn duine do cháiliú chun bheith ina dhuine eiscithe;
cialluíonn an focal “lóisteálach” duine do lóisteáil éarlais.
(2) I gcás duine (dá ngairmtear creidmheasóir breithiúntais san alt so) do bhaint amach breithiúntais in aon chúirt in aghaidh lóisteálaigh i suim le n-a mbaineann an t-alt so féadfaidh an Ard-Chúirt, ar n-a iarraidh sin i slí achmair don chreidmheasóir bhreithiúntais agus más deimhin léi ná fuil aon earraí ag an lóisteálach is féidir do thógaint i bhfeidhmiúchán chun an bhreithiúntais sin do shásamh, a ordú go ndéanfar méid an bhreithiúntais sin, maraon le costaisí an orduithe sin agus an iarratais air agus na n-imeacht fé, d'íoc leis an gcreidmheasóir breithiúntais amach as an éarlais a bheidh á coimeád ar lóisteáil ag an lóisteálach san.
(3) Pé uair a dhéanfaidh an Ard-Chúirt ordú fén bhfo-alt deiridh sin roimhe seo alos éarlaise déanfaidh Cuntasóir na gCúirteanna Breithiúnais an t-airgead a luadhfar san ordú san d'íoc amach as an éarlais sin leis an gcreidmheasóir breithiúntais a luadhfar san ordú san agus chuige sin díolfaidh oiread, de sna súncála is ionann agus an éarlais sin, agus is gá (tar éis costaisí an díola san do ghlanadh) chun go bhféadfar an t-airgead san d'íoc
(4) Pé uair a dhéanfaidh Cuntasóir na gCúirteanna Breithiúnais do réir orduithe ar n-a dhéanamh ag cúirt fén alt so, aon airgead d'íoc amach as éarlais, no aon chuid do dhíol de sna súncálanna is ionann agus éarlais, a bheidh á coimeád ar lóisteáil leis ag lóisteálach do réir na Coda so den Acht so, áirmheoidh agus déanfaidh amach láithreach luach margaidh an mhéide bheidh gan díol de sna súncála is ionann agus an éarlais sin agus, más lugha ná lán-mhéid ceart na héarlaise sin an luach margaidh sin maraon le haon airgead nea-shúncálta is cuid den éarlais sin, bhéarfaidh fógra i scríbhinn don Aire agus don lóisteálach san i dtaobh an easnaimh sin agus a mhéide.
(5) Más rud é, nuair a bhéarfaidh Cuntasóir na gCúirteanna Breithiúnais fógra i dtaobh easnaimh ar éarlais do lóisteálach do réir an fho-ailt deiridh sin roimhe seo, go lóisteálfaidh an lóisteálach san le Cuntasóir na gCúirteanna Breithiúnais, ceithre lá déag ar a mhéid tar éis an fhógra san d'fháil, suim is có-ionann le méid an easnaimh a luadhfar sa bhfógra san, déanfar an tsuim a lóisteálfar amhlaidh do chur leis an éarlais sin agus d'áireamh mar chuid di agus tuigfear gur choimeád an lóisteálach san an éarlais sin ina lán-mhéid cheart.
(6) Pé uair a thárlóidh maidir le lóisteálacha, más pearsa é, go dtiocfa sé chun bheith ina fhéimhí no chun bheith dócmhainneach no go n-éagfa sé no, más cólucht corpruithe é, go bhforceannófar é no, más páirtnéireacht no comhlachas neamh-ionchorpruithe eile é, go scuirfear é, beidh an éarlais do lóisteáil an lóisteálach san ionchurtha, ar an gcéad ásc, chun na bhfiachaisí sin amháin d'íoc a bheidh ar an lóisteálach maidir le suimeanna le n-a mbaineann an t-alt so agus nuair a bheidh gach fiachas den tsórt san a bheidh ar an lóisteálach san glanta ar fad beidh an éarlais sin ionchurtha mar shócmhainní generálta leis an lóisteálach.
(7) Baineann an t-alt so le haon tsuim ar n-a moladh i gcoinnibh lóisteálaigh mar airgead damáiste alos damáiste no caillteanais do thárla do dhaoine no do mhaoin ar talamh no ar uisce tré bhíthin aer-árthaigh leis an lóisteálach san, no tré bhíthin duine inti, no tré bhíthin earra no duine ag tuitim aisti, agus an t-aer-árthach san ag eiteall no ag eirghe no ag túirling.
Earlaisí do scaoileadh.
32—Pé uair is deimhin leis an Ard-Chúirt, ar iarratas do dhéanamh i slí achmair do lóisteálach no do dhuine bheidh ag éileamh tré lóisteálach no fé agus tar éis fógra do bheith tugtha don Aire agus tar éis fógráin d'fhoillsiú fé mar ordóidh an Ard-Chúirt, go bhfuil sé ceart agus oiriúnach go n-íocfaí le neach déanta an iarratais sin an éarlais no cuid den éarlais do lóisteáil an lóisteálach san, ordóidh an Ard-Chúirt an éarlais sin no pé cuid di luadhfar san ordú san d'íoc leis an duine sin gan coinníoll no fé réir pé coinníollacha is dóich leis an Ard-Chúirt is ceart do luadh san ordú san, agus ordóidh do Chuntasóir na gCúirteanna Breithiúnais na nithe sin uile do dhéanamh (ar a n-áirmhítear na súncála is ionann agus an éarlais sin no cuid de sna súncála san do dhíol) do chífear don Ard-Chúirt do bheith riachtanach no oiriúnach chun éifeacht do thabhairt don ordú san.
Rialacháin chun crícheanna Coda IV.
33.—(1) Féadfaidh an tAire, le hordú, rialacháin do dhéanamh i dtaobh gach ní no éinne acu so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) iarrataisí ar dheimhnithe urrúis;
(b) cóipeanna no deimhnithe nua do thabhairt amach in ionad aon deimhnithe den tsórt san a caillfear no a dítheofar;
(c) scríbhinní d'iompar in aer-árthaighe agus na scríbhinní sin do thaisbeáint, nuair a hiarrfar san, do pé daoine luadhfar sna rialacháin sin
(2) Má dheineann duine ar bith éinní tré ghníomh no tré fhaillí) contrárdha d'aon rialacháin a bheidh deanta fén alt so beidh an duine sin ciontach i gcionta fén alt so agus ar a chiontú ann ar an slí achmair dlighfear fíneáil ná raghaidh thar fiche punt do chur air.
CAIBIDIL III.
Socrú maidir le Convensiún na Róimhe.
Tosach feidhme Caibidile III de Chuid IV.
34.—Tiocfaidh an Chaibidil seo den Chuid seo den Acht so i ngníomh pé lá ceapfar chuige sin le hordú ón Aire.
Socrú chun éifeacht do thabhairt do Chonvensiún na Róimhe.
35.—(1) Má chítear don Ard-Chomhairle é bheith riachtanach no oiriúnach dóibh san do dhéanamh chun éifeacht do thabhairt do Chonvensiún na Róimhe féadfaid ordú do dhéanamh—
(a) á ordú—
(i) i dtaobh na bhforálacha bheidh leagtha amach san ordú san, go mbeidh éifeacht acu, maidir le haerárthaighe bheidh cláruithe in aon tír (seachas Saorstát Éireann) dá luadhfar san ordú, in ionad forálacha Caibidilí I agus II den Chuid seo den Acht so, no
(ii) i dtaobh gach ceann no aon cheann d'fhorálacha na gCaibidilí sin I agus II, go mbeidh éifeacht acu, maidir leis na haer-árthaighe sin, fé réir pé atharuithe, oiriúnuithe agus eisceachtaí luadhfar san ordú; agus
(b) ag déanamh pé socruithe do chífear don Ard-Chomhairle is gá chun a áirithiú ná himeoidh aer-árthach le Saorstát Éireann as Saorstát Éireann ar eiteall chun aon tíre den tsórt san ná os a cionn mara mbeidh deimhniú árachais no deimhniú urrúis maidir leis an aer-árthach ar bord an aer-árthaigh, eadhon, deimhniú i pé fuirm agus ar n-a thabairt amach ag pé duine agus go pé mion-innste ann a ceapfar leis an ordú.
(2) Má deintear ordú fén bhfo-alt deiridh sin roimhe seo roimh thosach feidhme Caibidile II den Chuid seo den Acht so tuigfear, chun crícheanna an fho-ailt sin ach ní níos sia na san ná ar shlí eile, an Chaibidil sin II do bheith i bhfeidhm.
(3) Gach ordú déanfar fén alt so beidh feidhm dlí aige i Saorstát Éireann.
CUID V.
An tAire Tionnscail agus Trachtála agus Údaráis Áitiúla do Bhunú agus do Chothabháil Aerodrómanna agus do Thógaint Tailimh, etc., chun na gCrícheanna san.
Leathnú ar bhrí na habairte “crícheanna na Coda so den Acht so”.
36.—Ar na cinn sin de chrícheanna na Coda so den Acht so chun a bhféadfar talamh do thógaint tré chó-aontú no go héigeanta beidh na crícheanna so leanas, eadhon—
(a) a áirithiú ná déanfar an talamh in aice le haerodróm a bheidh bunuithe no ar tí a bhunuithe ag an Aire no ag údarás áitiúil d'úsáid i slí go gcuirfí isteach ar aerárthaighe bheadh san aerodróm no ag druidim leis no á fhágaint no go gcuirfí i mbaol iad no go ndéanfaí damáiste dhóibh; agus
(b) a áirithiú go ndéanfar crainn agus foirgintí ar an talamh in aice le haerodróm a bheidh bunuithe no ar tí a bhunuithe ag an Aire no ag údarás áitiúil do leagadh d'fhonn sábháltacht aer-árthach, agus iad ag druidim leis an aerodróm no á fhágaint, do chur in áirithe.
Comhacht don Aire agus d'údarás áitiúil chun aerodrómanna do bhunú agus do chothabháil.
37—Féadfaidh an tAire, agus féadfaidh aon údarás áitiúil le toiliú an Aire ar n-a thabhairt tar éis dó dul i gcomhairle leis an Aire Rialtais Áitiúla agus Sláinte Puiblí agus fé réir pé coinníollacha fhorchuirfe sé, aerodrómanna do bhunú agus do chothabháil agus bóithre, droichid, bealaighe isteach, fearaistí, gléasra, agus foirgintí agus cóiríocht eile do chur ar fáil agus do chothabháil maidir leo.
Comhacht d'údaráis áitiúla chun gnóthaí bheith ar siúl acu maidir le haerodrómanna.
38.—(1) Más deimhin leis an Aire, i dtaobh aon aerodróma bheidh á chothabháil ag údarás áitiúil fén alt deiridh sin roimhe seo, é bheith riachtanach no oiriúnach comhacht do thabhairt don údarás áitiúil sin chun aon ghnó áirithe bheith ar siúl acu maidir leis an aerodróm san, eadhon, gnó is dóich leis a ghabhann le haerodróm do choimeád ar siúl ach ná beadh comhacht ag an údarás áitiúil sin chun é bheith ar siúl acu mara mbeadh san, féadfaidh, lé hordú, a údarú don údarás áitiúil sin, fé réir pé coinníollacha (más aon cheann é) a luadhfar san ordú san, an gnó san do bheith ar siúl acu maidir leis an aerodróm san.
(2) Féadfaidh an tAire, le hordú fén bhfo-alt so, ceiliúradh no leasú do dhéanamh ar ordú bheidh déanta fén alt so, le n-a n-áirmhítear an fo-alt so.
(3) Sara ndéanfaidh an tAire ordú fén alt so raghaidh i gcomhairle leis an Aire Rialtais Áitiúla agus Sláinte Puiblí ina thaobh.
Ceart don Aire agus d'údaráis áitiúla chun dul isteach ar thalamh.
39.—(1) Féadfaidh duine ar bith (dá ngairmtear oifigeach údaruithe san alt so) go n-údarás aige chuige sin ón Aire no o údarás áitiúil ceachtar ní acu so leanas no iad araon do dhéanamh, sé sin le rá:—
(a) dul isteach ar thalamh ar bith chun aon fhiosrú, lorgaireacht, no scrúdú do dhéanamh is indéanta roimh an talamh san do thógaint chun crícheanna na Coda so den Acht so no a ghabhann leis sin;
(b) dul isteach, chun suirbhéireachtaí do dhéanamh, ar thalamh ar bith a bheidh teoranta no in aice le talamh do tógadh no go mbeifear ag cuimhneamh ar é thógaint chun crícheanna na Coda san.
(2) Má dheineann duine ar bith oifigeach údaruithe do chosc no do bhac agus an t-oifigeach údaruithe sin ag feidhmiú na gcomhacht a bronntar air leis an alt so beidh an duine sin ciontach i gcionta fén alt so agus ar a chiontú ann ar an slí achmair dlighfear fíneáil ná raghaidh thar deich bpúint do chur air.
An tAire do thógaint tailimh tré chó-aontú.
40.—Féadfaidh an tAire, chun crícheanna na Coda so den Acht so, talamh ar bith do thógaint tré chó-aontú.
An tAire do thógaint tailimh, etc., go héigeanta.
41.—(1) Más dóich leis an Aire agus pé uair is dóich leis gur ceart aon talamh do thógaint go héigeanta no aon cheart loctha, claonta, no eastósctha uisce do thógaint no d'úsáid go héigeanta chun crícheanna na Coda so den Acht so, féadfaidh an tAire, le toiliú an Aire Airgid, a dhearbhú, le hordú, go bhfuil sé ar intinn an talamh san do thógaint amhlaidh no an ceart san do thógaint no d'úsáid amhlaidh, agus oibreoidh gach ordú den tsórt san chun lán-chomhacht do bhronnadh ar an Aire chun an tailimh a luadhfar ann do thógaint go héigeanta no chun an chirt a luadhfar ann do thógaint no d'úsáid go héigeanta fé réim agus do réir an ailt seo.
(2) Ní dhéanfaidh an tAire ordú fén alt so i dtaobh aon tailimh a bheidh fé uisce no is imeall trágha ná i dtaobh aon chirt loctha, claonta, no eastósctha uisce gan dul i gcomhairle leis an Aire Talmhaíochta roimh ré.
(3) Sara ndéanfaidh an tAire ordú fén alt so—
(a) lóisteálfaidh agus coimeádfaidh ar nochtadh chun a n-iniúchta in áit éigin oiriúnach (rud go dtabarfar fógra puiblí ina thaobh) pé pleananna, áireamheachtaí, agus scríbhinní eile thaisbeánfaidh go hiomlán agus go soiléir cadé an talamh no an ceart a beifear ar intinn a thógaint no a úsáid de bhuadh an orduithe;
(b) bhéarfaidh fógra, i pé slí is dóich leis is fearr chun eolas do thabhairt do dhaoine gur deallrathach go ndéanfaidh an t-ordú deifir dóibh, i dtaobh é bheith ar intinn a bhreithniú an ceart an t-ordú do dhéanamh agus i dtaobh na slí ina bhféadfar cúis do phlé agus agóidí do dhéanamh maidir leis an ordú, agus
(c) cuirfidh fé ndeár, más dóich leis san do bheith oiriúnach, fiosrúchán puiblí do dhéanamh i dtaobh an orduithe do dhéanamh.
(4) Féadfar—
(a) an Acquisition of Land (Assessment of Compensation) Act, 1919, agus
(b) Achtanna na gClásanna Talmhan sa mhéid ná fuilid sin buiniscionn leis an Acquisition of Land (Assessment of Compensation) Act, 1919, adubhradh,
d'ionchorprú in ordú déanfar fén alt so.
(5) Ní údaróidh éinní san alt so don Aire aon talamh do thógaint ná d'úsáid, ná cur isteach air ar shlí eile, go héigeanta fén alt so más rud é, ar an dáta ar a gcéad-fhoillseofar fógra i dtaobh an Aire bheith ar intinn a bhreithniú an ceart ordú speisialta do dhéanamh chuige sin, go mbeidh an talamh san dá chuid féin ag aon ghnóthaire bóthair iarainn, leictreachais, geas, no uisce agus go mbeidh sé á úsáid ag an ngnóthaire sin no go mbeidh údaruithe dhó é d'úsáid chun críche a ghnótha.
(6) Beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas maidir le haon fhiosrúchán puiblí déanfar fén alt so:—
(a) ceapfaidh an tAire duine ceart oiriúnach chun an fhiosrúcháin sin do dhéanamh;
(b) údaruítear leis seo don duine sin daoine thiocfaidh i láthair mar fhínnéithe ag an bhfiosrúchán san do chur fé mhionn;
(c) éinne go mbeidh baint aige le habhar an fhiosrúcháin sin beidh sé i dteideal teacht i láthair i bpearsain, no tré abhcóide no atúrnae, agus fianaise do thabhairt ar áird.
An tAire do chur tailimh ná beidh ag teastáil de láimh.
42.—(1) Aon talamh a thógfaidh an tAire fén Acht so agus go bhfeicfear dó gan é bheith ag teastáil uaidh a thuilleadh chun a dhualgaisí do chólíonadh no a fheidhmeanna d'fheidhmiú fén gCuid seo den Acht so féadfaidh an tAire é chur de láimh tráth ar bith ar pé slí is dóich leis is ceart.
(2) Déanfar airgead ar bith do gheobhaidh an tAire as talamh do chur de láimh fén alt so d'íoc isteach sa Stát-Chiste no do chur chun tairbhe don Stát-Chiste ar pé slí ordóidh an tAire Airgid.
Údaráis áitiúla do thógaint tailimh.
43.—(1) Féadfaidh údarás áitiúil, le toiliú an Aire Rialtais Áitiúla agus Sláinte Puiblí ar n-a thabhairt tar éis dul i gcomhairle leis an Aire, talamh do thógaint (laistigh no lasmuich de líomatáiste fheidhmiúcháin an údaráis áitiúla san) chun críche na Coda so den Acht so tré chó-aontú no go héigeanta fén Acht so agus fé sna hAchtanna bheidh ionchorpruithe leis.
(2) Chun údarás áitiúil do thógaint tailimh fén alt so beidh feidhm ag ailt 203, 210, 212, 213, 214, agus 215 den Public Health (Ireland) Act, 1878, mar a leasuítear iad le halt 8 den Public Health (Ireland) Act, 1896, agus ag alt 68 den Acht Rialtais Áitiúla, 1925 (Uimh. 5 de 1925), fé is dá ndeintí na hailt sin, mar a leasuítear amhlaidh iad, d'ath-achtú anso agus feidhm do thabhairt dóibh maidir leis an údarás áitiúil sin gus na hatharuithe agus fén réir na n-atharuithe deintear leis an Acht so ar an nós imeachta fé sna hailt sin.
(3) Féadfaidh údarás áitiúil tráth ar bith, le toiliú an Aire Rialtais Áitiúla agus Sláinte Puiblí ar n-a thabhairt tar éis dul i gcomhairle leis an Aire aon talamh a thógfaidh an t-údaráis san fén alt so do dhíol no do chur ar cíos, tré cheaint phuiblí no tré chonnradh phríobháideach, ina choda oiriúnacha.
Atharú ar an nós imeachta chun talamh do thógaint.
44.—Má bheartuíonn údarás áitiúil talamh do thógaint (ar shlí seachas tré chó-aontú), chun crícheanna na Coda so den Acht so, i bhfeidhmiú comhachta bronntar le reacht seachas an tAcht so no i bhfeidhmiú comhachta bronntar go soiléir leis an Acht so, féadfar na fógráin a luaidhtear i bhfo-alt (2) d'alt 203 den Public Health (Ireland) Act, 1878, d'fhoillsiú mí ar bith agus sa chás san déanfar na fógraí luaidhtear sa bhfo-alt san do sheirbheáil an chéad mhí tar éis mí foillsithe na bhfógrán san.
Cur isteach ar cheart loingseoireachta agus ar chearta eile.
45.—(1) Pé uair a dhéanfaidh an tAire no údarás áitiúil aerodróm do bhunú agus do chothabháil, no a bheid chun aerodróm do bhunú, fén gCuid seo den Acht so agus a bheidh an t-aerodróm san suidhte no le suidheamh cois faraige no cois aon ghóilín mhara intseolta féadfaidh an tAire, tar éis dó dul i gcomhairle leis an Aire Talmhaíochta, ordú do dhéanamh fén alt so, másé a thuairim go raghadh san chun leasa don phuiblíocht, ag cur teorann no toirmisc le feidhmiú aon chirt loingseoireachta agus le feidhmiú aon chirt iascaireachta no chaluithe éisc, puiblí no príobháideach, no aon chirt eile, puiblí no príobháideach, maidir le haon chuid den fharaige no le haon ghóilín mhara no imeall trágha san aerodróm san no comhgarach dó.
(2) Pé uair a dhéanfaidh ordú déanfar fén bhfo-alt deiridh sin roimhe seo den alt so teora no toirmeasc do chur le feidhmiú aon chirt phríobháidigh iascaireachta no chaluithe éisc no le feidhmiú aon chirt phríobháidigh eile maidir le haon chuid den fharaige no le haon ghóilín mara no imeall trágha, íocfaidh an tAire cúiteamh le húnaer an chirt sin no leis an duine eile bheidh i dteideal an chirt sin d'fheidhmiú agus, cheal có-aontuithe, is fé réim agus do réir an Acquisition of Land (Assessment of Compensation) Act, 1919, a ceapfar an cúiteamh san.
(3) Pé uair a bheidh aon ordú a déanfar fén alt so i bhfeidhm de thurus na huaire beidh teora no toirmeasc, do réir an orduithe sin, le haon cheart le n-a mbainfidh an t-ordú san.
Cur isteach ar bhóithre agus ar dhroichid phuiblí.
46.—Féadfaidh an tAire agus féadfaidh aon údarás áitiúil, le toiliú an Aire, aon bhóthar no droichead puiblí do chlaonadh, do dhúnadh no d'aistriú go héigeanta no cur isteach ar shlí eile air go héigeanta.
Bóithre agus droichid phuiblí do chosaint.
47.—Más gá agus pé uair is gá, chun aon oibreacha do dhéanamh, fén gCuid seo den Acht so, aon bhóthar no droichead puiblí do chlaonadh no d'aistriú no aon chur-isteach eile do dhéanamh air, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) i gcás gur gá an bóthar no an droichead do dhúnadh in aghaidh tráchta chun na n-oibreacha do dhéanamh déanfaidh an tAire no an t-údarás áitiúil (pe'ca aca é) sa tsuidheamh chéanna no i suidheamh éigin eile caothúil, agus cothabhálfaid faid a bheidh an bóthar no an droichead san dúnta amhlaidh in aghaidh tráchta, bóthar no droichead sealadach is leor chun an méid agus an saghas tráchta d'iompar a théigheann ar an mbóthar no ar an droichead san de ghnáth;
(b) ar chríochnú na n-oibreacha no roimhe sin cuirfidh an tAire no an t-údarás áitiúil (pe'ca aca é) an bóthar no an droichead sa riocht ina raibh sé no, tar éis dul i gcomhairle leis an Aire Rialtais Áitiúla agus Sláinte Puiblí, déanfaid, sa tsuidheamh chéanna no i suidheamh éigin eile caothúil, buan-bhóthar no buan-droichead nua is leor chun an tráchta chéanna (chó fada le méid agus saghas) d'iompar d'fhéadfadh an seana-bhóthar no an seana-dhroichead d'iompar agus gan é puinn níos nea-chaothúla fána agus cuar ná an seana-bhóthar no an seana-dhroichead; san
(c) má dheineann an tAire no má dheineann údarás puiblí lasmuich dá líomatáiste feidhmiúcháin féin buandroichead nua agus gur mó de chuid mhaith na buntáistí bhéarfaidh an droichead san do phuiblíocht na contae-bhuirge no na buirge eile no na contae no an bhailecheanntair ina ndéanfar é ná an seanadroichead, tré shlí chonbharsáide níos fearr do thabhairt dóibh no tré éinní eile, deimhneoidh an tAire costas an droichid nua san agus deimhneoidh an tAire Rialtais Áitiúla agus Sláinte Puiblí cadé an chuid den chostas san is dóich leis ba chóir do réir réasúin do bheith ar chomhairle na contae-bhuirge no na buirge eile sin no na contae no an bhaile-cheanntair sin, agus leis sin déanfaidh an chomhairle sin suim is có-ionann leis an gcuid a bheidh deimhnithe amhlaidh den chostas san do chruinniú mar chuid de chostaisí cothabhála an bhóthair dar cuid an droichead nua san agus íocfaidh an chomhairle sin í leis an Aire no leis an údarás áitiúil sin (pe'ca aca é);
(d) má eiríonn aon amhrus no aighneas no ceist i dtaobh ce'ca chólíon no nár chólíon an tAire no údarás áitiúil forálacha an fho-ailt seo agus aon bhóthar no droichead, sealadach no buan, á dhéanamh no á chothabháil no á chur ina sheana-riocht acu do réir an fho-ailt seo, no, i gcás buan-droichid nua do rinne an tAire no do rinne údarás áitiúil lasmuich dá líomatáiste feidhmiúcháin féin, i dtaobh ce'ca is mó no nach mó de chuid mhaith na buntáistí bheireann sé do phuiblíocht na contae-bhuirge no na buirge eile no na contae no an bhailecheanntair ina ndearnadh é ná do thugadh an seana-dhroichead, isé an tAire Rialtais Áitiúla agus Sláinte Puiblí do bhéarfaidh breith ar an amhrus no ar an aighneas no ar an gceist sin agus ní bheidh dul thar an mbreith sin.
Údarás áitiúil no údarás coimeádais no údarás cuain do dhéanamh ranníocanna le húdarás áitiúil a bheidh ag cothabháil aerodróma, agus forálacha i dtaobh có-choiste do bhainistí an aerodróma san.
48—(1) Má dheineann no má bheartuíonn údarás áitiúil (dá ngairmtear údarás forthógálach san alt so) aerodróm do bhunú agus do chothabháil fén gCuid seo den Acht so féadfaidh aon údarás (dá ngairmtear údarás neamh-fhorthógálach san alt so) is údarás áitiúil eile no is údarás coimeádais no údarás cuain a chó-aontú leis an údarás forthógálach san go ndéanfaid rann-íoc leis an údarás forthógálach san, ar pé coinníollacha ar a gcó-aontófar idir an dá údáras agus fé réir forálacha an ailt seo, mar chabhair chun íoctha na gcostaisí fé n-a raghaidh an t-údarás forthógálach san chun an aerodróma san do bhunú agus do chothabháil no maidir leis sin.
(2) Féadfaidh dhá údarás neamh-fhorthógálacha no níos mó có-aontú do dhéanamh fén alt so le húdarás forthógálach i dtaobh aerodróma.
(3) Féadfar scéim d'ionchorprú, i gcó-aontú déanfar fén alt so idir aon údarás neamh-fhorthógálach amháin no níos mó agus údarás forthógálach, chun an aerodróma le n-a mbainfidh an có-aontú do bhainistí tré choiste den údarás fhorthógálach san agus ag an gcoiste sin, agus sa chás san socrófar leis an scéim sin, mara mbeidh ach aon údarás neamh-fhorthógálach amháin páirteach sa chó-aontú san, go n-ainmneoidh an t-údarás neamhfhorthógálach san uimhir áirithe de bhaill an choiste sin no, má bhíonn dhá údarás neamh-fhorthógálacha no níos mó páirteach sa chó-aontú san, socrófar léi go n-ainmneoidh gach údarás neamh-fhorthógálach fé leith uimhir áirithe de sna baill sin a luadhfar in aghaidh an údaráis neamh-fhorthógálaigh sin, agus féadfar leis an scéim sin comhacht a thabhairt don choiste sin chun aon ghníomh do dhéanamh (le n-a n-áirmhítear imeachta dlí do bhunú) i dtaobh bainistí an aerodróma san d'fhéadfadh an t-údarás forthógálach san féin a dhéanamh go dleathach, agus féadfar a shocrú léi go mbainfidh forálacha ailt 58 den Acht Rialtais Áitiúla, 1925 (Uimh. 5 de 1925), leis an gcoiste sin fé is dá mba údarás contae do réir bhrí an ailt sin an coiste sin, agus go dtabharfaidh an t-údarás forthógálach san don choiste sin an t-airgead is gá chun a gcostaisí d'íoc.
(4) Isé rann-íoc is iníoctha ag údarás neamh-fhorthógálach do réir cho-aontuithe ar n-a dhéanamh fén alt so ná suim bhliantúil chinnte no cionúireacht chinnte do chostaisí cothabhála an aerodróma le n-a mbainfidh an có-aontú, no ceann acu san go leathrannach agus an ceann eile go leathrannach, agus beidh an rann-íoc san iníoctha i pé tráthchoda agus pé tráthanna luadhfar sa chó-aontú.
(5) Ní thiocfaidh aon chó-aontú déanfar fén alt so i bhfeidhm mara ndeinidh ná go dtí go ndéanfaidh an tAire Rialtais Áitiúla agus Sláinte Puiblí é cheadú.
(6) Ar theacht i bhfeidhm do chó-aontú déanfar fén alt so idir aon údarás neamh-fhorthógálach amháin no níos mó agus údarás forthógálach beidh sé ina cheangal ar gach páirtí agus ion-fhoirfheidhmithe i gcoinnibh gach páirtí sa chó-aontú san, agus beidh comhacht ag gach páirtí fé leith acu san agus ag an gcoiste bainistí (más ann dó) gach gníomh do dhéanamh agus gach íocaíocht d'íoc go mbeidh socrú ina dtaobh sa chó-aontú san no in aon scéim a bheidh ionchorpruithe leis.
Údaráis áitiúla d'fháil iasachtaí.
49.—(1) Féadfaidh comhairle chontae iasacht d'fháil fé Airtiogal 22 den Sceideal a ghabhann leis an Local Government (Application of Enactments) Order, 1898, chun íoctha aon chostaisí fé n-a raghaidh an chomhairle sin fén gCuid seo den Acht so fé is dá mbeadh an chríoch san luaidhte san Airtiogal san agus ní déanfar airgead do gheobhfar ar iasacht chun aon chríche den tsórt san d'áireamh mar chuid d'fhiacha na comhairle sin chun crícheanna aon teorann a chuireann an tAirtiogal san le hiasachtaí d'fháil.
(2) Féadfaidh aon údarás áitiúil (seachas comhairle chontae) iasacht d'fháil fé sna hAchtanna Sláinte Puiblí, 1878 go 1931, chun íoctha aon chostaisí fé n-a raghaidh an t-údarás áitiúil sin fén gCuid seo den Acht so fé is dá mbeadh an chríoch san ina chrích chun a n-údaruítear don údarás áitiúil sin fé sna hAchtanna san iasacht d'fháil, ach ní déanfar airgead do gheobhfar ar iasacht chun aon chríche den tsórt san d'áireamh mar chuid d'fhiacha an údaráis áitiúla san chun crícheanna aon teorann a chuireann na hAchtanna san le hiasachtaí d'fháil.
(3) Féadfar chun crícheanna an ailt seo iasachtaí do thabhairt d'údarás áitiúil amach as Ciste na nIasachtaí Áitiúla.
Costaisí údarás áitiúil.
50.—Na costaisí uile fé n-a raghaidh údarás áitiúil fén gCuid seo den Acht so íocfar iad—
(a) i gcás comhairle contae, tríd an ráta dealbhais ar n-a chruinniú go cothrom ar fuaid iomláin a gcontae (lasmuich d'aon bhuirg no bailecheanntar inti go mbeidh rann-íocanna déanta no á ndéanamh ag á chomhairle fén gCuid sin alos aerodróma bheidh bunuithe no ar tí a bhunuithe sa chontae sin no i gcontae-bhuirg atá buailte leis an gcontae sin);
(b) i gcás comhairlí contae-bhuirgí Chorcaighe agus Phortláirge, comhairle buirge (seachas contae-bhuirg no buirg Dhún Laoghaire) no comhairle bailecheanntair, as aon ráta no ciste is ionchurtha chun crícheanna na nAchtanna Sláinte Puiblí (Éirinn), 1878 go 1931, fé is dá mba chun crícheanna na nAchtanna san do raghfaí fútha.
Costaisí údarás coimeádais agus cuain.
51.—Na costaisí uile fé n-a raghaidh údarás coimeádais no údarás cuain fén gCuid seo den Acht so íocfaidh an t-údarás san iad sa tslí chéanna ina n-íoctar costaisí eile bhíonn ar an údarás san.
Údaráis áitiúla do cheapadh oifigeach.
52.—Féadfaidh aon údarás áitiúil, fé réir na bhforálacha d'aon achtachán a bhaineann leis an údarás áitiúil sin do cheapadh oifigeach, pé oifigigh agus pé méid oifigeach do cheapadh is dóich leo is gá chun na gcomhacht a bronntar ar an údarás áitiúil sin leis an gCuid seo den Acht so d'fheidhmiú, agus íocfar le gach oifigeach a ceapfar amhlaidh pé luach saothair a chinnfidh an t-údarás áitiúil sin le toiliú an Aire Rialtais Áitiúla agus Sláinte Puiblí.
Forálacha i dtaobh tailimh leis an Stát.
53.—(1) Ní léireofar éinní san Acht so mar ní a thoirmeascann léas no ceadúnas do dheonadh don Aire no d'údarás áitiúil, fé aon Acht do rith an tOireachtas (roimh an Acht so do rith no dá éis sin), alos aon tailimh is talamh Stáit agus le n-a mbaineann an tAcht san, ná mar ní a thoirmeascann ar an Aire no ar údarás áitiúil an léas no an ceadúnas san do ghlacadh.
(2) Chun crícheanna na Coda so den Acht so féadfaidh an tAire, le hordú, aon talamh Stáit d'fhoiriadhadh go mbeidh údaruithe dhó do réir dlí léasanna agus ceadúnaisí do dheonadh ina thaobh, agus féadfaidh an tAire aon talamh Stáit den tsórt san d'úsáid chun aon chríche chun a bhféadfar talamh a thógfaidh fén gCuid seo den Acht so d'úsáid.
(3) San alt so cialluíonn an abairt “talamh Stáit” talamh is le Saorstát Éireann de thurus na huaire de bhuadh Airtiogail 11 den Bhunreacht no de bhíthin ní ar bith eile (láithreach no todhachaí).
Cosaint do chearta, etc., an Aire Puist agus Telegrafa.
54.—Ní bhainfidh éinní san Acht so den Aire Puist agus Telegrafa aon chearta ná leighseanna fé sna hAchtanna Telegrafa, 1863 go 1928, no fé aon oiriúnú ar n-a dhéanamh ortha, no fé éinní ar n-a chur ina n-ionad, go reachtúil ag an Oireachtas no fé údarás an Oireachtais.
CUID VI.
Tairsce agus Cráiteas o Aer-Árthaighe, agus Eiteall Dainséarach.
Srian le haicsin um airgead damáiste alos tairsce no cráitis o aer-árthaighe.
55.—Ní luighfidh aon aicsean, alos tairsce ná alos cráitis, mara mbeidh de chúis leis ach aer-árthach d'eiteall os cionn aon mhaoine ar aoirde os cionn tailimh a bheidh réasúnta ag féachaint do chor na gaoithe agus na haimsire agus do chúrsaí uile an cháis, no mara mbeidh de chúis leis ach gnáth-theagmhaisí an eitill, faid a cólíonfar go cuibhe forálacha Coda II den Acht so agus aon orduithe ar n-a dhéanamh fén gCuid sin II agus aon rialachán ar n-a ndéanamh de bhuadh aon orduithe den tsórt san.
Pionós alos eitill dainséraigh.
56.—(1) Má heitealltar aer-árthach i slí gur trúig le dainséar nea-riachtanach d'aon duine no maoin ar talamh no ar uisce é, beidh píolóid an aer-árthaigh sin no an té bheidh ina feighil agus fós (marab é an píolóid sin no an duine sin i bhfeighil únaer an aer-árthaigh sin) an t-únaer sin, gach duine fé leith acu, ciontach i gcionta fén alt so agus, ar a chiontú ann ar an slí achmair, dlighfear fíneáil ná raghaidh thar dhá chéad punt do chur air no, más rogha leis an gcúirt é, príosúntacht ar feadh aon téarma nach sia ná sé mhí no an fhíneáil sin agus an phríosúntacht san le chéile.
(2) San alt so foluíonn an focal “únaer” maidir le haerárthach aon duine go mbeidh an t-aer-árthach ar cíos aige le linn an chionta.
(3) Má bhíonn duine go gcuirfear cionta ina leith fén alt so ina únaer ar an aer-árthach gur ina taobh adeirtear do rinneadh an cionta san, agus gan é bheith ina phíolóid uirthi ná ina feighil, beidh sé ina chosaint mhaith don duine sin a chruthú gur gan cionta uaidh féin leis ná eolas aige air do bhí an t-aer-árthach san á heiteall an tráth adeirtear do rinneadh an cionta.
(4) Is i dteanta aon orduithe déanfar fé Chuid II den Acht so no i dteanta aon rialachán a déanfar de bhuadh aon orduithe den tsórt san, agus ní mar laigheadú ar an gcéanna bheidh forálacha an ailt seo.
CUID VII.
Foralácha Riaracháin agus Forálacha Ilghnéitheacha.
Raic agus sábháil.
57.—(1) Aon tseirbhísí déanfar chun cabhrú le haer-árthach no chun daoine ar bord uirthi do thárrtháil no chun a last no a feisteas do shábháil, agus an t-aer-árthach san sa bhfaraige no in aon uisce taoide no ortha no os a gcionn no ar chladach na faraige no aon uisce thaoide no os a chionn, tuigfear gur seirbhísí sábhála iad i ngach cás inar sheirbhísí sábhála iad dá mba maidir le hárthach mara déanfaí iad; agus má dheineann aer-árthach seirbhísí sábhála maidir le haon mhaoin no duine beidh únaer an aer-árthaigh i dteideal an luach saothair céanna as ucht na seirbhísí sin chun a mbeadh teideal aige dá mb'árthach mara an t-aer-árthach.
Beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha san roimhe seo den fho-alt so d'ainneoin gurb aer-árthach coigríche an t-aer-árthach a bheidh i gceist agus d'ainneoin na seirbhísí bheidh i gceist do dhéanamh in áit seachas laistigh de theoranta uiscí tíriúla Shaorstáit Éireann.
(2) Féadfaidh an Ard-Chomhairle, le hordú, a ordú, i dtaobh aon fhorálacha, d'Acht ar bith a bheidh i bhfeidhm de thurus na huaire, a bhaineann le raic no le daoine do thárrtháil no le maoin do shábháil no leis an dualgas i dtaobh cabhrú le hárthaighe mara i nguais, go mbeidh feidhm acu, gus na heisceachtaí, na hoiriúnuithe, agus na hatharuithe sin, más aon cheann é, a luadhfar san ordú, maidir le haer-árthaighe fé mar atá ag na forálacha san maidir le hárthaighe mara agus beidh feidhm dlí ag aon ordú den tsórt san i Saorstát Éireann.
(3) Chun crícheanna an ailt seo tuigfear gur forálacha bhaineann le raic forálacha ar bith d'Acht a bhaineann le hárthaighe mara cuirtear i leathaoibh no faillítear mar árthaighe atá neamh-oiriúnach chun seirbhíse mara, agus tuigfear go bhfoluíonn an focal “Acht” aon Acht áitiúil no speisialta agus aon fhorálacha den Harbours, Docks and Piers Clauses Act, 1847, mar do hionchorpruíodh no a hionchorprófar san la haon Acht áitiúil no speisialta, pé uair do ritheadh no a rithfear é.
(4) Aon ordú do rinneadh de bhuadh ailt 11 den Air Navigation Act, 1920, agus do bhí i bhfeidhm i Saorstát Éireann díreach roimh dháta an Achta so do rith tuigfear gur fén alt so do rinneadh é agus féadfar dá réir sin é do leasú no do cheiliúradh le hordú ar n-a dhéanamh fén alt so agus leanfaidh i bhfeidhm go dtí n-a cheiliúradh amhlaidh agus fé réir aon leasuithe den tsórt san.
Forálacha áirithe de sna hAchtanna Loingis Cheannaíochta, i dtaobh iombualadh ar muir agus comharthaí guaise, do chur i mbaint le muir-phlánaí.
58.—(1) An chomhacht a bronntar le fo-alt (1) d'alt 418 den Merchant Shipping Act, 1894, chun rialacháin do dhéanamh chun cosc do chur le hiombualadh ar muir, folóidh comhacht chun rialacháin do dhéanamh chun cosc do chur le hiombualadh ar muir—
(a) idir muir-phlánaí ar uachtar uisce, agus
(b) idir árthaighe mara agus muir-phlánaí ar uachtar uisce;
agus dá réir sin beidh feidhm ag an alt san 418 agus ag ailt 419, 421 agus 424 den Acht san, mar a leasuítear san le haon achtachán ina dhiaidh sin, maidir le muir-phlánaí ar uachtar uisce fé mar atá acu maidir le longa no árthaighe mara, ach san fé réir na n-atharuithe seo leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(i) chun críche fo-alt (2) den alt san 418, agus chun crícheanna an ailt sin 424, tuigfear ná fuil aon fhorálacha de Chuid V den Acht san, ach amháin ailt 418, 419, 421, agus 424 den Acht san, a bhaineann le rialacháin i dtaobh iombualadh no a bhaineann ar shlí eile le hiombualadh, agus
(ii) déanfar aon tagairtí atá san alt san 419 don mháistir no don duine i bhfeighil na leibhinne do léiriú mar thagairtí don phíolóid no don duine eile ar diúité i bhfeighil an mhuir-phlána.
(2) An chomhacht a bronntar le fo-alt (1) d'alt 25 den Acht Loingis Cheannaíochta (Convensiúin um Shábháltacht agus um Ualach-Líne), 1933 (Uimh. 42 de 1933), chun a ordú cadiad na comharthaí bheidh ina gcomharthaí guaise agus práinne, folóidh comhacht chun a ordú cadiad na comharthaí bheidh ina gcomharthaí guaise agus práinne i gcás muir-phlánaí ar uachtar uisce; agus dá réir sin beidh feidhm ag an alt san 25 maidir le muir-phlánaí ar uachtar uisce fé mar atá aige maidir le longa no árthaighe mara, ach san fé réir an atharuithe go ndéanfar an tagairt atá i bhfo-alt (3) den alt san 25 don mháistir do léiriú mar thagairt don phíolóid no don duine eile ar diúité i bhfeighil an mhuir-phlána.
(3) San alt so tá an brí céanna leis an abairt “árthaighe mara” atá leis an bhfocal “vessels” sa Merchant Shipping Act, 1894.
(4) Chun crícheanna an ailt seo agus an chéad ailt ina dhiaidh seo tuigfear muir-phlánaí bheidh ag eirghe den uisce no ag túirling air do bheith ar uachtar uisce faid a bheid i dteangmháil leis.
Comhacht údarás coimeádais agus cuain chun fo-dhlithe do dhéanamh chun muir-phlánaí do rialáil le linn iad a bheith ar uachtar uisce.
59.—(1) Aon achtachán a bhronnann aon chomhacht no a fhorchuireann aon dualgas ar údarás choimeádais no ar údarás chuain fo-dhlithe do dhéanamh chun longa no árthaighe mara do rialáil, léireofar é agus beidh éifeacht aige fé is dá bhfolódh an chomhacht no an dualgas a bronntar no a forchuirtear amhlaidh comhacht no dualgas fo-dhlithe do dhéanamh chun muir-phlánaí do rialáil le linn iad a bheith ar uachtar uisce, agus fós comhacht chun forálacha do chur sna fo-dhlithe á údarú don mháistir chuain no d'oifigeach eile don údarás feidhmiú do dhéanamh, maidir le muir-phlánaí ar uachtar uisce, ar gach feidhm no aon fheidhm dá n-údaruítear dó leis an achtachán san d'fheidhmiú maidir le longa no árthaighe mara, ach san fé réir an tsrianta so, eadhon, ná déanfaidh na fo-dhlithe sin ar aon chúinse a cheangal, ná a údarú do mháistir chuain ná d'oifigeach eile a cheangal, go ndíchoghabhálfaí muir-phlána no aon chuid de no go ndéanfaí atharú ar bith ar dhéanmhas no ar fhearas mhuir-phlána.
(2) Má dheineann aon achtachán, de bhuadh an fho-ailt deiridh sin roimhe seo no ar shlí eile, comhacht do bhronnadh no dualgas d'fhorchur ar údarás choimeádais no ar údarás chuain fo-dhlithe do dhéanamh chun muir-phlánaí do rialáil le linn iad a bheith ar uachtar uisce no aon fhorálacha den tsórt a luaidhtear sa bhfo-alt san do chur sna fo-dhlithe, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) más rud é ná forálfaidh an t-achtachán san ná tiocfaidh na fo-dhlithe i bhfeidhm mara ndeinidh Aire éigin iad do dhaingniú no aontú leo agus ná forálfaidh gur gá go ndéanfadh cúirt no breitheamh iad do cheadú no aontú leo, ní thiocfaidh aon fho-dhlithe den tsórt san a déanfar, tar éis dáta an Achta so do rith, maidir le muir-phlánaí i bhfeidhm mara ndeinidh ná go dtí go ndéanfaidh an tAire iad do dhaingniú;
(b) más rud é go bhforálfaidh an t-achtachán san ná tiocfaidh na fo-dhlithe i bhfeidhm mara ndeinidh cúirt no breitheamh iad do cheadú no aontú leo, cuirfidh an t-údarás coimeádais no an t-údarás cuain cóip de sna fo-dhlithe chun an Aire sara n-iarrfaid ar an gcúirt no ar an mbreitheamh san iad do cheadú, agus déanfaidh an chúirt no an breitheamh, sara gceadóid na fo-dhlithe no sara n-aontóid leo, aon chúis a phléifidh an tAire, no a pléifear thar a cheann ina dtaobh do bhreithniú.
(3) San alt so—
foluíonn an focal “achtachán” aon ordú sealadach a bheidh i bhfeidhm de thurus na huaire (pe'ca daingníodh le hAcht é no nár daingníodh);
foluíonn an focal “fo-dhlithe” rialacha agus rialacháin.
Fiosrú i dtaobh tionóiscí.
60.—(1) Féadfaidh an tAire, le hordú, rialacháin do dhéanamh á shocrú go ndéanfar fiosrú i dtaobh aon tionóisce thiocfaidh de dhruim no le linn aer-loingseoireacht do dhéanamh agus a thárlóidh i Saorstát Éireann no os a chionn no d'aer-árthach le Saorstát Éireann in aon áit eile.
(2) Gan dochar do gheneráltacht forálacha an fho-ailt deiridh sin roimhe seo, féadfaidh forálacha bheith i rialacháin fén alt so—
(a) á cheangal fógra do thabhairt i dtaobh aon tionóisce den tsórt san roimhráithe ar pé slí agus o pé daoine luadhfar sna rialacháin;
(b) ag tabhairt feidhme d'aon cheann d'fhorálacha ailt 3 den Notice of Accidents Act, 1894, go n-atharú no gan atharú air, chun críche fiosruithe déanfar i dtaobh aon tionóiscí den tsórt san;
(c) á thoirmeasc dul in aice no baint le haer-árthach dar bhain tionóisc go dtí go ndéanfar fiosrú agus á údarú d'éinne áirithe, sa mhéid gur gá san chun crícheanna fiosruithe, dul go dtí aon aer-árthach den tsórt san no é scrúdú no d'aistriú no slí do ghlacadh chun é chaomhaint no éinní eile do dhéanamh leis;
(d) á údarú no á cheangal aon cheadúnas no deimhniú ar n-a dheonadh fén Acht so no fé aon ordú ar n-a dhéanamh fé do chealú, do chur ar fiunraoi, do chur fé chúlscríbhinn, no do thabhairt suas má chítear tar éis fiosruithe gur ceart an ceadúnas do chealú, do chur ar fiunraoi, do chur fé chúl-scríbhinn, no do thabhairt suas, agus chun aon cheadúnas den tsórt san do thabhairt i láthair chun go ndéanfar amhlaidh leis.
(3) Ní theorannóidh éinní atá san alt so na comhachta atá ag aon údarás fé ailt 530 go 537, go huile, den Merchant Shipping Act, 1894, no fé aon achtachán (agus an tAcht so d'áireamh) le n-a leasuítear na hailt sin.
(4) Má dheineann duine ar bith éinní (tré fhaillí no tré ghníomh) contrárdha d'aon rialacháin fén alt so, beidh sé ciontach i gcionta fén alt so agus ar a chiontú ann ar an slí achmair dlighfear fíneáil ná raghaidh thar caoga punt do chur air no, más rogha leis an gcúirt é, príosúntacht ar feadh téarma nach sia ná trí mhí.
(5) Aon rialacháin do rinne an tAire fé alt 12 den Air Navigation Act, 1920, agus do bhí i bhfeidhm díreach roimh dháta an Achta so do rith, tuigfear gur fén alt so do rinneadh iad agus féadfar iad do leasú no do cheiliúradh le rialacháin ar n-a ndéanamh fén alt so, agus leanfaid i bhfeidhm go dtí n-a gceiliúradh amhlaidh agus fé réir aon leasuithe den tsórt san.
Paitinní d. shárú.
61.—(1) Má deir éinne le n-a mbainfidh, i dtaobh aer-árthaigh choigríche bheidh ag déanamh turuis tré Shaorstát Éireann no os a chionn, go ndeineann sí inti féin no in aon chuid di sárú ar aon aireag, patrún no fíoghróg atá i dteideal a chosanta i Saorstát Éireann, beidh sé dleathach, fé réim agus do réir Rialacha Cúirte, an t-aer-árthach san do choinneáil go ndéanfaidh a húnaer suim (dá ngairmtear an tsuim lóisteálta san alt so) do lóisteáil no d'urrú alos an tsáruithe adeirtear do rinneadh, agus leis sin, faid a bheidh an t-aer-árthach ag leanúint ar a turus no le linn a dhéanta, ní féadfar aon nasc, gabháil, coinneáil ná toirmeasc do chur no do dhéanamh uirthi, le hordú cúirte ná eile, alos no i dtaobh an tsáruithe adeirtear do rinneadh.
(2) Isé bheidh sa tsuim lóisteálta ná suim de pé méid ar a gcó-aontóidh na páirtithe le n-a mbainfidh no a ceapfar, cheal có-aontuithe, ag an Aire no ag duine éigin go n-údarás cuibhe aige thar a cheann, agus íocfar leis í, no urrófar go n-íocfar leis í, i pé slí cheadóidh, agus deighleálfar leis an suim lóisteálta ag pé bínse agus do réir pé nós imeachta ceapfar le Rialacha Cúirte, agus féadfar leis na rialacha san socrú generálta do dhéanamh chun an ailt seo do chur in éifeacht.
(3) San alt so—
folóidh an focal “únaer” an té gur leis aer-árthach agus éinne bheidh ag éileamh tríd no fé;
folóidh an focal “turus” gach túirling agus stad réasúnta le linn turuis.
Dlighinse.
62.—(1) Aon chionta fén Acht so no fé ordú no rialacháin a bheidh déanta fé, agus cionta ar bith a déanfar ar aer-árthach le Saorstát Éireann, tuigfear ina thaobh, chun dlighinse do bhronnadh, gur in aon áit ina mbeidh an ciontuitheoir de thurus na huaire do rinneadh é.
(2) Féadfaidh an tAire Dlí agus Cirt, le hordú, socrú do dhéanamh i dtaobh na gcúirteanna ina bhféadfar imeachta do bhunú chun aon éileamh fén Acht so, no aon éileamh eile maidir le haer-árthaighe, d'fhoirfheidhmiú, agus féadfaidh go sonnrách socrú do dhéanamh chun dlighinse in aon imeachta den tsórt san do bhronnadh ar aon chúirt fheidhmíonn dlighinse Aimiréalachta agus chun aon rialacha cleachta no nós imeachta bhaineann le himeachta Aimiréalachta do chur i mbaint leis na himeachta san.
(3) Féadfaidh an tAire Dlí agus Cirt, le hordú fén bhfo-alt so, ceiliúradh no leasú do dhéanamh ar ordú bheidh déanta fén alt so, le n-a n-áirmhítear ordú fén bhfo-alt so.
(4) Sara ndéanfaidh an tAire Dlí agus Cirt aon ordú fén alt so raghaidh i gcomhairle leis an bPrímh-Bhreitheamh ina thaobh.
(5) Aon ordú do rinneadh fé fho-alt (2) d'alt 14 den Air Navigation Act, 1920, agus do bhí i bhfeidhm i Saorstát Éireann díreach roimh dháta an Achta so do rith tuigfear gur fén alt so do rinneadh é agus féadfar dá réir sin é do cheiliúradh no do leasú le hordú fén alt so, agus leanfaidh i bhfeidhm go dti n-a cheiliúradh amhlaidh agus fé réir aon leasuithe den tsórt san.
Aer-árthaighe do choinneáil.
63.—Féadfaidh an Ard-Chomhairle, le hordú, socrú do dhéanamh chun aer-árthaighe do choinneáil chun a chur in áirithe go gcólíonfar aon cheann áirithe d'fhorálacha an Achta so no d'aon ordú no rialachán ar n-a dhéanamh fé réim no de bhuadh an Achta so, no chun aer-árthaighe do chosc ar eiteall nuair a bheid neamh-oiriúnach ar eiteall, agus beidh feidhm dlí ag gach ordú den tsórt san i Saorstát Éireann.
Coinneáil aer-árthach d'fhoirfheidhmiú.
64—(1) Má bhíonn aer-árthach le coinneáil, no go bhféadfar í choinneáil, fén Acht so féadfaidh aon duine údaruithe an t-aerárthach san do choinneáil.
(2) Má dheineann aer-árthach, tar éis a coinneála no tar éis aon fhógra no ordú coinneála do sheirbheáil ar an bpíolóid, eirghe no tabhairt fé eirghe sara scaoilfidh údarás inniúil í, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) beidh an píolóid, agus fós an t-únaer agus aon duine chuirfidh fé ndeár don aer-árthach eirghe no tabhairt fé eirghe, ciontach, gach duine fé leith acu, i gcionta fén alt so:
(b) más rud é, le linn don aer-árthach san eirghe amhlaidh, go mbeidh oifigeach údaruithe ar bord uirthi i bhfeidhmiú a dhualgais, beidh únaer agus píolóid an aer-árthaigh sin, gach duine fé leith acu, ciontach i gcionta fén alt so, agus fós, má bhíd ciontach sa chionta san, dlighfid gach costas agus fo-chostas, do bhain leis an oifigeach san do thógaint ar an aerárthach san amhlaidh, d'íoc leis an Aire.
(3) Má bhíonn duine go gcuirfear cionta ina leith fén alt so gan bheith ina phíolóid ar an aer-árthach gur ina taobh adeirtear do rinneadh an cionta san, beidh sé ina chosaint mhaith don duine sin a chruthú go raibh sé, an tráth adeirtear do rinneadh an cionta san, gan baint aige le heirghe an aer-árthaigh sin no le n-a hiarracht ar eirghe ná ná raibh eolas aige air.
(4) Aon chostaisí is iníoctha leis an Aire fé fho-alt (2) féadfaidh an tAire iad a bhaint amach mar fhiacha gnáthchonnartha i gcúirt dlighinse inniúla.
(5) Gach duine bheidh ciontach i gcionta fén alt so dlighfear, ar a chiontú ann ar an slí achmair, fíneáil ná raghaidh thar céad punt do chur air.
(6) Is oifigeach údaruithe chun crícheanna an ailt seo gach duine acu so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) oifigeach coimisiúnta d'Fhórsaí Cosanta Shaorstáit Éireann;
(b) oifigeach don Aire;
(c) oifigeach custum agus máil;
(d) duine ar bith go n-údarás aige chuige sin ón Aire.
Forálacha eile i dtaobh aer-árthaighe coinnithe.
65.—(1) Má bhíonn aer-árthach le coinneáil fén Acht so no fé aon ordú no rialachán ar n-a dhéanamh fé, déanfaidh oifigeach custum agus máil agus, i gcás ina bhféadfar aer-árthach do choinneáil fén Acht so, féadfaidh oifigeach custum agus máil diúltadh don aer-árthach san do réiteach amach no do transire do dheonadh don aer-árthach san.
(2) I gcás ina bhforáltar le haon fhoráil den Acht so no ina bhforálfar le haon ordú no rialachán an n-a dhéanamh fé go bhféadfar aer-árthach do choinneáil go dtaisbeánfar aon scríbhinn áirithe don oifigeach cheart custum agus máil, ciallóidh an t-oifigeach ceart, mara n-éilíonn an có-théacs a mhalairt, an t-oifigeach fhéadfaidh réiteach no transire do dheonadh don aerárthach san.
Eolas i dtaobh gnóthaí aer-iompair agus i dtaobh aerodrómanna custum d'úsáid.
66—(1) Féadfaidh an tAire, le hordú, rialacháin do dhéanamh i dtaobh gach ní no éinní acu so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) fé réir forálacha fo-ailt (1) den alt so, chun a cheangal ar dhuine ar bith—
(i) go mbíonn ar siúl mar ghnó aige paisnéirí no earraí d'iompar in aer-árthaighe ar aimsir no ar luach saothair ar pé turuis no pé saghsanna turus (ag tosnú agus ag críochnú ag an aon phuinte amháin no ag puintí deifriúla) a luadhfar sna rialacháin sin, no
(ii) is sealbhóir ar cheadúnas alos aerodróma chustum,
pé eolas a hordófar leis na rialacháin sin do thabhairt, do pé údaráis a luadhfar sna rialacháin sin, i dtaobh aer-árthaighe d'úsáid chun crícheanna an ghnótha san aige agus i dtaobh na ndaoine bhíonn ar fostú maidir leis an úsáid sin no, do réir mar a bheidh, i dtaobh an aerodróma d'úsáid agus i dtaobh na ndaoine bhíonn ar fostú in aer-árthaighe thagann chun an aerodróma no imíonn uaidh;
(b) chun a cheangal ar únaer aon aer-árthaigh a thiocfaidh chun aon aerodróma chustum no bheidh ag imeacht uaidh no ar a píolóid no ar an duine eile bheidh ina feighil pé eolas do thabhairt, do shealbhóir an cheadúnais alos an aerodróma san, is gá chun a chur ar chumas sealbhóra an cheadúnais sin na forálacha san de sna rialacháin sin a bhaineann leis do chólíonadh;
(c) chun a ordú cadiad na hamannta agus cadé an fhuirm agus an tslí ina dtabharfar aon eolas is gá do thabhairt fé sna rialacháin sin.
(2) Ní déanfar le rialacháin a déanfar fén alt so a cheangal ar dhuine go mbeidh aon ghnó den tsórt a luaidhtear i gclás (i) de mhír (a) den fho-alt deiridh sin roimhe seo ar siúl aige eolas do thabhairt i dtaobh aer-árthaighe d'úsáid ar thuruis a bheidh ar fad lasmuich de Shaorstát Éireann no i dtaobh daoine ná beidh ar fostú ach lasmuich de Shaorstát Éireann mara mbeidh an duine go mbeidh an gnó ar siúl aige—
(i) ina shaoránach de Shaorstát Éireann a bheidh ina chomhnaí i Saorstát Éireann, no
(ii) ina dhuine bheidh saor o Acht na nEachtrannach, 1935 (Uimh. 14 de 1935), do bhaint leis, de bhuadh ordú bheidh déanta fé alt 10 den Acht san, agus a bheidh ina chomhnaí i Saorstát Éireann, no
(iii) ina chólucht chorpruithe bheidh ionchorpruithe fé dhlí Shaorstáit Éireann.
(3) Má sháruíonn duine ar bith (tré fhaillí no tré ghníomh) aon rialachán a déanfar fén alt so, beidh an duine sin ciontach i gcionta fén alt so agus ar a chiontú ann ar an slí achmair dlighfear fíneáil ná raghaidh thar fiche punt do chur air agus, i gcás cionta leanúnaigh, fíneáil bhreise ná raghaidh thar cúig púint in aghaidh gach lae leanfar den chionta.
(4) San alt so cialluíonn an abairt “aerodróm custum” aerodróm a bheidh ceaduithe de thurus na huaire, do réir ordú ar n-a dhéanamh fé Chuid II den Acht so agus a bheidh i bhfeidhm de thurus na huaire, mar áit túirlinge agus imeachta d'aer-arthaighe chun crícheanna na n-achtachán a bhaineann le custuim.
Postanna d'iompar.
67.—Bainfidh alt 2 den Conveyance of Mails Act, 1893, le gach aer-sheirbhís a bheidh ar siúl ag duine ar bith chun paisnéirí agus earraí d'iompar go puiblí, fé réir na n-atharuithe seo leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) léireofar tagairtí do chuideachtain trambhealaigh mar thagairtí d'aon duine den tsórt san,
(b) léireofar tagairtí do thrambhealach mar thagairtí d'aon tseirbhís den tsórt san,
(c) léireofar tagairtí do charáiste mar thagairtí d'aer-árthach,
(d) léireofar na tagairtí atá san alt san 2 do Choimisiún na mBóthar Iarainn agus na gCanálach mar thagairtí don Bhínse Bhóthair Iarainn.
CUID VIII.
An Chuideachta, Fo-Chuideachtana agus Aer Lingus, Teoranta.
An Chuideachta do bhunú agus do chlárú.
68.—Chó luath agus is féidir é tar éis an Achta so do rith déanfaidh an tAire Airgid, tar éis dó dul i gcomhairle leis an Aire, gach ní do chífear dó bheith riachtanach no oiriúnach chun a chur fé ndeár cuideachta theoranta (dá ngairmtear an Chuideachta san Acht so) a bheidh do réir na gcoinníollacha atá leagtha síos sa Dara Sceideal a ghabhann leis an Acht so do bhunú agus do chlárú i Saorstát Éireann fé sna hAchtanna Cuideachtan, 1908 go 1924.
Iasacht don Chuideachtain chun costaisí a mbunuithe d'íoc.
69.—(1) As airgead a sholáthróidh an tOireachtas féadfaidh an tAire Airgid suim nach mó ná cúig mhíle punt do thabhairt ar iasacht don Chuideachtain ar pé téarmaí agus coinníollacha is ceart dar leis maidir le ham agus modh aisíoctha, ráta úis, urrús agus nithe ar bith eile.
Aon airgead do bhéarfar ar iasacht don Chuideachtain fén alt so cuirfidh an Chuideachta é chun no mar chabhair chun costaisí tionnscanta, bunuithe agus cláruithe na Cuideachtan agus costaisí réamhghabhálacha eile na Cuideachtan d'íoc, agus ní chun aon chrícheanna eile.
(3) Íocfar isteach sa Stát-Chiste na suimeanna uile íocfaidh an Chuideachta leis an Aire Airgid chun no mar chabhair chun aon airgead do bhéarfar ar iasacht don Chuideachtain fén alt so d'aisíoc no chun an úis ar an airgead san d'íoc.
Scair-chaipital na Cuideachtan do thabhairt amach.
70.—Ní tabharfar amach tráth ar bith aon chuid de scairchaipital na Cuideachtan (seachas scair-chaipital do bhéarfar amach do shuibscríobhaithe Mhemorandum Comhlachais na Cuideachtan) mara n-údaruighidh an tAire Airgid an tabhairt-amach san tar éis dó dul i gcomhairle leis an Aire.
An tAire Airgid d'fháil scaireanna tré shuibscríobhadh.
71.—Féadfaidh an tAire Airgid o am go ham aon tsaghas no saghsanna scaireanna leis an gCuideachtain do thógaint tré shuibscríobhadh ach ní mó ná suim milleon punt (do réir ainm-luacha) a bheidh an méid scaireanna ar fad a tógfar amhlaidh.
An tAire Airgid d'fho-scríobhadh scaireanna bhéarfar amach.
72.—Féadfaidh an tAire Airgid, fé réir pé coinníollacha is oiriúnach leis, a chó-aontú leis an gCuideachtain go ndéanfa sé, mara dtógaidh an phuiblíocht fé cheann aimsire áirithe aon scaireanna sa Chuideachtain a beifear ar tí a thairisgint tráth ar bith chun suibscríbhte, na scaireanna san no cionúireacht éigin áirithe dhíobh do thógaint agus íoc asta.
Comhachta an Aire Airgid mar scaireánach.
73.—Faid a bheidh an tAire Airgid i seilbh aon choda de scaireanna na Cuideachtan féadfaidh gach ceann no aon cheann de sna cearta agus de sna comhachta bheidh infheidhmithe o am go ham ag sealbhóir na scaireanna san d'fheidhmiú agus, i gcás na gceart no na gcomhacht san do bheith infheidhmithe tré atúrnae, féadfaidh an tAire sin, más dóich leis san do bheith ceart, na cearta no na comhachta san d'fheidhmiú tré n-a atúrnae.
Comhachta an Aire Airgid maidir le scaireanna bheidh ar seilbh aige.
74.—(1) Féadfaidh an tAire Airgid aon scaireanna leis an gCuideachtain a thógfaidh fén Acht so do choimeád faid is oiriúnach leis é agus féadfaidh gach scair no aon scair acu san do dhíol fé mar agus nuair is oiriúnach leis é.
(2) Gach uair a dhéanfaidh an tAire Airgid scaireanna leis an gCuideachtain a bheidh ar seilbh eige do dhíol déanfar sochar glan an díola san d'íoc isteach sa Stát-Chiste no do chur chun tairbhe don Stát-Chiste ar pé slí ordóidh sé.
An Stát d'urrú bintiúirí na Cuideachtan.
75.—Pé uair a bheartóidh an Chuideachta aon bhintiúirí do thabhairt amach féadfaidh an tAire Airgid, más oiriúnach leis é, a urrú, i pé fuirm agus slí is dóich leis is ceart, go n-íocfaidh an Chuideachta go cuibhe do réir téarmaí na mbintiúirí sin an t-airgead colna agus an t-ús a hurrófar leis na bintiúirí sin.
Airgead do roimh-íoc amach as an bPrímh-Chiste.
76.—(1) Roimh-íocfar as an bPrímh-Chiste no as a thoradh fáis an t-airgead uile theastóidh o am go ham ón Aire Airgid—
(a) chun íocaíochtaí do dhéanamh is gá dhó do dhéanamh leis an gCuideachtain alos aon scaireanna go suibscríobhfaidh le n-a n-aghaidh no thógfaidh fén Acht so, no
(b) chun suimeanna d'íoc a thiocfaidh chun bheith iníoctha fé aon urraíocht do bhéarfaidh fén Acht so maidir le hairgead a hurrófar le bintiúirí do bhéarfaidh an Chuideachta amach.
(2) Chun airgead do sholáthar i gcóir na suimeanna roimhíocfar amach as an bPrímh-Chiste fén alt so féadfaidh an tAire Airgid aon tsuim no suimeanna d'fháil ar iasacht o dhuine ar bith agus chun críche na hiasachta san féadfaidh an tAire sin urrúis do bhunú agus do thabhairt amach ar pé ráta úis agus fé réir pé coinníollacha, i dtaobh aisíoca no fuascailte no eile, is oiriúnach leis.
(3) Is ar an bPrímh-Chiste no ar a thoradh fáis a bheidh muirear colna agus úis aon urrús do bhéarfar amach fén alt so agus muirear na gcostaisí fé n-a raghfar i dtaobh na n-urrús san do thabhairt amach.
(4) Aon airgead a cruinneofar de bharr urrús do bhéarfar amach fén alt so cuirfear é chun creidiúna do chuntas an Stát-Chiste agus beidh sé ina chuid den Phrímh-Chiste agus beidh sé ar fáil in aon tslí ina mbeidh an Ciste sin ar fáil.
(5) Aon airgead a roimh-íocfar as an bPrímh-Chiste no as a thoradh fáis chun na gcrícheanna luaidhtear i mír (b) d'fho-alt (1) den alt so aisíocfaidh an Chuideachta leis an bPrímh-Chiste é (maraon le hús air do réir pé rátaí cheapfaidh an tAire Airgid), i pé méideanna agus pé uaireanta cheapfaidh an tAire sin, agus má bhíonn agus sa mhéid go mbeidh aon airgead den tsórt san gan aisíoc ag an gCuideachtain leis an bPrímh-Chiste aisíocfar na suimeanna san leis an bPrímh-Chiste amach as airgead a sholáthróidh an tOireachtas.
Díbhinní, etc., d'íoc isteach sa Stát-Chiste.
77.—Íocfar isteach sa Stát-Chiste gach díbhinn, bonus, agus airgead eile do gheobhaidh an tAire Airgid alos scaireanna leis an gCuideachtain a bheidh ar seilbh aige.
Memorandum agus Airtiogail Chomlachais na Cuideachtan d'atharú.
78.—D'ainneoin éinní atá sna hAchtanna Cuideachtan, 1908 go 1924, ní bheidh aon atharú déanfar ar Mhemorandum Chomhlachais no ar Airtiogail Chomhlachais na Cuideachtan dleathach ná éifeachtúil, faid a bheidh aon scaireanna leis an gcuideachtain ar seilbh ag an Aire Airgid, gan an tAire Airgid d'aontú leis roimh ré tar éis dó dul i gcomhairle leis an Aire.
Conganta airgid.
79.—(1) Fé réir forálacha an ailt seo féadfaidh an tAire Airgid o am go ham, le hordú, a údarú go n-íocfar conganta airgid leis an gcuideachtain ar pé téarmaí agus coinníollacha luadhfar san ordú san.
(2) Gach ordú déanfar fén alt so leagfar é fé bhráid Dháil Éireann chó luath agus is féidir é tar éis a dhéanta, ach ní thiocfaidh i bhfeidhm maran rud é—
(a) go ndaingneofar an t-ordú san le rún o Dháil Éireann, no
(b) go mbeidh deireadh le tréimhse de lá is fiche shuidhfidh Dáil Éireann tar éis an orduithe sin do leagadh fé n-a mbráid amhlaidh agus ná beidh Dáil Éireann tar éis rún do rith laistigh den tréimhse sin ag cur an orduithe sin ar nea-mbrí.
(3) Ní mó ná cúig céad míle punt an méid iomlán a féadfar, le haon orduithe déanfar fén alt so, a údarú a íoc leis an gCuideachtain, agus ní féadfar aon ordú den tsórt san do dhéanamh tar éis deireadh chúig mblian o dháta an Achta so do rith.
(4) I gcás ordú déanfar fén alt so do theacht i bhfeidhm is as airgead a sholáthróidh an tOireachtas a híocfar aon airgead is gá chun an chonganta airgid a luadhfar san ordú san d'íoc.
An Chuideachta do thabhairt iasachta d'Aer Lingus, Teoranta.
80.—(1) Chó luath agus is féidir é tar éis na Cuideachtan do chlarú féadfaidh an Chuideachta, le toiliú an Aire Airgid, pé suim do thabhairt ar iasacht d'Aer Lingus, Teoranta, a dheimhneoidh an tAire Airgid is leor chun aon fhiachaisí fé n-a ndeachaidh Aer Lingus, Teoranta, agus a bheidh gan glanadh an uair sin, do ghlanadh.
(2) Beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas maidir le haisíoc aon tsuime bhéarfaidh an Chuideachta ar iasacht d'Aer Lingus, Teoranta, fén alt so, sé sin le rá:—
(a) déanfar an tsuim sin d'aisíoc amhlaidh i pé slí acu so leanas ordóidh an tAire Airgid, sé sin le rá:—
(i) tré bhintiúirí de mhéid is có-ionann leis an suim sin do thabhairt amach,
(ii) tré scaireanna d'ainm-mhéid is có-ionann leis an suim sin do thabhairt amach,
(iii) maidir le cuid den tsuim sin, tré bhintiúirí de mhéid is có-ionann leis an gcuid sin do thabhairt amach agus, maidir leis an gcuid eile den tsuim sin, tré scaireanna d'ainm-mhéid is có-ionann leis an gcuid eile sin do thabhairt amach;
(b) i gcás aon bhintiúirí do bheith iontugtha amach amhlaidh beidh pé ráta úis ar na bintiúirí sin ordóidh an tAire sin, agus
(c) i gcás aon scaireanna do bheith iontugtha amach amhlaidh féadfaidh na scaireanna san no aon chuid acu, do réir mar ordóidh an tAire sin, bheith ina scaireanna go dtosach acu ar ghnáth-scaireanna agus sa chás san beidh pé ráta díbhinne ortha ordóidh an tAire sin.
E bheith mar oblagáid cuntaisí cothromaíochta, etc., do thabhairt don Aire Airgid.
81.—(1) Gach cuideachta le n-a mbaineann an t-alt so bhéarfaid don Aire Airgid laistigh de nócha lá tar éis deireadh gach bliana cuntasaíochta cuntas cothromaíochta in aghaidh na bliana cuntasaíochta san agus fós cuntas sochair agus dochair in aghaidh na bliana cuntasaíochta céanna agus an dá chuntas san iniúchta go cuibhe ag iniúchóir na cuideachtan san.
(2) An cuntas cothromaíochta agus an cuntas sochair agus dochair do bhéarfaidh gach cuideachta le n-a mbaineann an t-alt so déanfar amach iad ar pé slí a hordófar le rialacháin ar n-a ndéanamh fén alt so, agus beidh sa chuntas chothromaíochta san (i dteanta éinní is gá do réir na rialachán san) cuimre ar chaipital, ar shócmhainní agus ar fhiachaisí na cuideachtan san, maraon leis na mion-innste sin is gá chun a thaisbeáint cadé an saghas na sócmhainní agus na fiachaisí sin agus conus a rinneadh amach luach na sócmhainní.
(3) Gach cuideachta le n-a mbaineann an t-alt so bhéarfaid don Aire Airgid, ar san d'éileamh, pé mínithe is dóich leis an Aire sin is ceart d'iarraidh maidir le haon chuntas chothromaíochta no cuntas sochair agus dochair do bhéarfar dó do réir an ailt seo.
(4) Déanfaidh an tAire Airgid cóip de gach cuntas cothromaíochta agus de gach cuntas sochair agus dochair do bhéarfar dó do réir an ailt seo do leagadh fé bhráid Dháil Éireann laistigh de mhí tar éis an chuntais chothromaíochta agus an chuntais sochair agus dochair sin do thabhairt dó amhlaidh.
(5) Pé uair agus a mhinicí éileoidh an tAire Airgid ortha é déanfaidh gach cuideachta le n-a mbaineann an t-alt so pé mioninnste éileoidh an tAire sin do thabhairt dó i dtaobh gníomhachtaí na cuideachtan san.
(6) Pé uair agus a mhinicí éileoidh an tAire Airgid é bhéarfaidh an Chuideachta don Aire sin pé mion-innste (eadhon, mion-innste fé n-a gcúram no ar seilbh no ar fáil ag an gCuideachtain) éileoidh sé maidir le haon ghnó (seachas Aer Lingus, Teoranta, no fo-cuideachta) ina mbeidh leas acu.
(7) Má fhaillíonn an Chuideachta, no Aer Lingus, Teoranta, no aon fho-chuideachta na hoblagáidí cuirtear ortha leis an alt so do chólíonadh beidh an Chuideachta, no Aer Lingus, Teoranta, no an fho-chuideachta san (do réir mar a bheidh), agus gach stiúrthóir no bainisteoir no oifigeach eile dhóibh d'údaruigh no do cheaduigh an fhaillí sin go feasach agus go toiliúil, ciontach i gcionta fén alt so agus ar a gciontú ann ar an slí achmair dlighfear fineáil ná raghaidh thar cúig púint do chur ortha in aghaidh gach lae leanfaidh an fhaillí.
(8) Féadfaidh an tAire Airgid, le hordú, rialacháin do dhéanamh ag ordú éinní dá dtagartar san alt so mar ní a hordófar le rialacháin ar n-a ndéanamh fén alt so.
(9) Baineann an t-alt so—
(a) leis an gCuideachtain;
(b) le hAer Lingus, Teoranta;
(c) le gach fo-chuideachtain.
(10) Féadfaidh an tAire Airgid no féadfar ar agra an Aire Airgid mar chúisitheoir cionta fén alt so no fén gcéad alt ina dhiaidh seo do chúiseamh.
Leabhair agus scríbhinní leis an gCuideachtain, le hAer Lingus, Teoranta, agus le fo-chuideachtana d'iniúchadh.
82.—(1) Beidh cigire i dteideal dul isteach in áitreabh aon chuideachtan le n-a mbaineann an t-alt so agus aon leabhair no scríbhinní san aitreabh san d'iniúchadh.
(2) Más rud é—
(a) go ndéanfaidh duine ar bith cigire do bhac no do chosc agus é ag feidhmiú aon chomhachta dá mbronntar ar chigire leis an alt so; no
(b) go dteipfidh ar dhuine ar bith aon leabhair no scríbhinní den tsórt san roimhráite do thaisbeáint,
beidh an duine sin ciontach i gcionta fén alt so agus ar a chiontú ann ar an slí achmair dlighfear fíneáil ná raghaidh thar caoga punt do chur air.
(3) San alt so cialluíonn an focal “cigire” duine go n-údarás i scríbhinn ón Aire Airgid chun na gcomhacht a bronntar ar chigire leis an alt so d'fheidhmiú.
(4) Baineann an t-alt so—
(a) leis an gCuideachtain;
(b) le hAer Lingus, Teoranta;
(c) le gach fo-chuideachtain.
Na hAchtanna chun Déantúisí do Rialú, 1932 agus 1934, do bheith gan feidhm maidir le nithe áirithe.
83.—Ní bheidh feidhm ag na hAchtanna chun Déantúisí do Rialú, 1932 agus 1934, maidir le haon ghníomh no ní a dhéanfaidh an Chuideachta no Aer Lingus, Teoranta, no aon fho-chuideachta.
CUID IX.
Srian le Seirbhísi Aer-Iompar Intíre do Phaisnéirí agus d'Earraí.
Srian le paisnéirí agus earraí d'iompar d'aer idir áiteanna i Saorstát Éireann.
84.—(1) Ní bheidh sé dleathach do dhuine ar bith aer-sheirbhís intíre do bheith ar siúl aige maran rud é—
(a) gurb é an duine sin an Chuideachta no Aer Lingus, Teoranta, no gur fo-chuideachta é, no
(b) go ndeonfaidh an tAire cead don duine sin fén alt so chun na seirbhíse sin do bheith ar siúl aige agus gur fé réim agus do réir an cheada san a bheidh an tseirbhís sin ar siúl.
(2) Má dheineann duine ar bith éinní contrárdha don alt so beidh an duine sin ciontach i gcionta fén alt so agus ar a chiontú ann ar an slí achmair dlighfear fíneáil ná raghaidh thar céad punt do chur air agus, i gcás cionta leanúnaigh, fíneáil bhreise ná raghaidh thar deich bpúint in aghaidh gach lae leanfar den chionta.
(3) Duine go mbeidh údaruithe dhó de thurus na huaire seirbhís eadarnáisiúnta do bhunú, féadfaidh an tAire, más oiriúnach leis é, cead i scríbhinn do dheonadh dhó chun aer-sheirbhís intíre bheith ar siúl aige, fé réir choinníll ná beidh sa tseirbhís intíre sin ach aer-árthaighe bheidh sa tseirbhís eadarnáisiúnta san agus fé réir pé coinníollacha eile is ceart dar leis an Aire.
(4) San alt so cialluíonn an abairt “aer-sheirbhís intíre” aersheirbhís chun paisnéirí agus earraí no aon taobh acu d'iompar go puiblí o áiteanna go háiteanna eile i Saorstát Éireann.
CUID X.
Saghsanna Áirithe Gnótha Eitlíochta do Stiúradh agus do Rialáil.
Mínithe chun crícheanna Coda X.
85.—(1) Sa Chuid seo den Acht so—
cialluíonn an abairt “gnó eitlíochta (aimsiriú príobháideach)” aer-árthaighe do chur ar aimsir ar luach saothair, chun paisnéirí no earraí d'iompar, fé chonnradh tré n-a bhfostuítear an t-aer-árthach go hiomlán chun turus no turusanna áirithe do dhéanamh, fé mar a bheidh luaidhte i leabhar turuis an aer-árthaigh sin, gan féachaint don méid paisnéirí no earraí bhíonn le hiompar;
cialluíonn an abairt “gnó eitlíochta (eitill áineasa)” eitill áineasa do thabhairt do dhaoine, ar luach saothair, in aer-árthaighe, ag tosnú agus ag críochnú, gan túirling i gcúrsa an eitill, san aon aerodróm amháin;
cialluíonn an abairt “gnó eitlíochta (teagasc)” teagasc in eitlíocht do thabhairt do dhaoine ar luach saothair.
(2) Chun crícheanna an Achta so is gnó eitlíochta de shaghas ar leith gach gnó fé leith acu so, eadhon, gnó eitlíochta (aimsiriú príobháideach), gnó eitlíochta (eitill áineasa), agus gnó eitlíochta (teagasc).
An lá ceaptha chun crícheanna Coda X.
86.—(1) Féadfaidh an tAire, le hordú, lá do cheapadh chun bheith ina lá cheaptha chun crícheanna na Coda so den Acht so.
(2) Sa Chuid seo den Acht so cialluíonn an abairt “an lá ceaptha” an lá cheapfaidh an tAire fén alt so chun bheith ina lá cheaptha chun crícheanna na Coda so den Acht so.
Toirmeasc ar dhaoine nea-cheadúnuithe gnó eitlíochta de shaghas le n-a mbaineann Cuid X do bheith ar siúl acu.
87.—(1) Ar an lá ceaptha agus dá éis sin ní bheidh sé dleathach do dhuine ar bith, i gcúrsa gnótha eitlíochta (aimsiriú príobháideach) a bheidh ar siúl aige, aon phaisinéir ná earraí d'iompar in aon aer-árthach i Saorstát Éireann, maran rud é—
(a) gur sealbhóir an duine sin ar cheadúnas (dá ngairmtear ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta sa Chuid seo den Acht so) do deonadh fén gCuid seo den Acht so, á údarú dhó an gnó san do bheith ar siúl aige, no
(b) maidir leis an aer-árthach san—
(i) gur o áit lasmuich de Shaorstát Éireann a thosnuigh sí a turus, agus
(ii) gur fostuíodh go príobháideach í go hiomlán, agus
(iii) ná hiompróidh sí, faid a bheidh sí i Saorstát Éireann, aon phaisnéirí ar luach saothair, seachas cuid de sna paisnéirí no na paisnéirí go léir do bhí á n-iompar aici ar thúirling di i Saorstát Éireann den chéad uair.
(2) Ar an lá ceaptha agus dá éis sin ní bheidh sé dleathach do dhuine ar bith, i gcúrsa gnótha eitlíochta (eitill áineasa) a bheidh ar siúl aige, aon phaisinéir d'iompar d'aer i Saorstát Éireann maran rud é gur sealbhóir an duine sin ar cheadúnas (dá ngairmtear freisin ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta sa Chuid seo den Acht so) do deonadh fén gCuid seo den Acht so á údarú dhó an gnó san do bheith ar siúl aige.
(3) Ar an lá ceaptha agus dá éis sin ní bheidh sé dleathach do dhuine ar bith, i gcúrsa gnótha eitlíochta (teagasc) a bheidh ar siúl aige, aon duine eile d'iompar d'aer i Saorstát Éireann, maran rud é gur sealbhóir an duine sin a céad-luaidhtear ar cheadúnas (dá ngairmtear freisin ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta sa Chuid seo den Acht so) do deonadh fén gCuid seo den Acht so á údarú dhó an gnó san do bheith ar siúl aige.
(4) Gach duine ghníomhóidh contrárdha don alt so beidh sé ciontach i gcionta fén alt so, agus ar a chiontú ann ar an slí achmair dlighfear fíneáil ná raghaidh thar céad punt do chur air agus, i gcás cionta leanúnaigh, fíneáil bhreise ná raghaidh thar deich bpúint in aghaidh gach lae leanfar den chionta.
(5) Deimhniú bhéarfaidh le tuisgint é bheith sighnithe ag oifigeach don Aire agus é bheith á dheimhniú go raibh duine áirithe ar lá no laetheanta áirithe no ar feadh iomláine tréimhse áirithe gan bheith ina shealbhóir ar cheadúnas gnótha eitlíochta alos saghais áirithe gnótha eitlíochta, beidh san, gan cruthúnas ar shighniú an duine bhéarfaidh le tuisgint an deimhniú san do shighniú no gurb oifigeach don Aire é, ina fhianaise go dtí go gcruthófar a mhalairt, ar pé cinn de sna nithe roimhráite bhéarfaidh le tuisgint do bheith deimhnithe sa deimhniú san agus leis.
Ceadúnaisí gnótha eitlíochta d'iarraidh.
88.—(1) Féadfaidh duine ar bith ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta, á udarú dhó saghas áirithe gnótha eitlíochta do bheith ar siúl aige, d'iarraidh ar an Aire.
(2) Beidh gach iarratas ar cheadúnas gnótha eitlíochta sa bhfuirm orduithe agus beidh na mion-innste orduithe ann.
Ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta do dheonadh.
89.—Pé uair a dhéanfaidh duine ar bith, fé réim agus do réir an ailt deiridh sin roimhe seo, ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta alos saghais áirithe gnótha eitlíochta d'iarraidh ar an Aire beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) i gcás an duine sin do chur ina luighe ar an Aire go raibh gnó de shaghas is cosúil leis sin gur leis a bhaineann an t-iarratas san ar siúl aige i Saorstát Éireann an 1adh lá d'Eanar, 1936, deonfaidh an tAire an ceadúnas san don duine sin, agus
(b) i ngach cás eile, féadfaidh an tAire, mar is rogha leis féin é, an ceadúnas san do dheonadh no diúltadh d'é do dheonadh.
Oibriú ceadúnais ghnótha eitlíochta.
90.—Gach ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta alos saghais áirithe ghnótha eitlíochta déarfaidh agus déanfaidh a údarú don duine is ceadúnaí fén gceadúnas san de thurus na huaire an saghas san gnótha eitlíochta do bheith ar siúl aige, ach san fé réir forálacha an Achta so agus aon ordú no rialachán ar n-a ndéanamh fé, agus fé réir na gcoinníoll (más ann dóibh) a bheidh ag gabháil leis an gceadúnas san.
Coinníollacha do chur ag gabháil le ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta.
91.—(1) Pé uair a dheonfaidh an tAire ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta féadfaidh aon choinníollacha is ceart dar leis do chur ag gabháil leis an gceadúnas san, agus go sonnrách, agus gan dochar do gheneráltacht na comhachta san roimhe seo, coinníollacha i dtaobh gach ní no éinní acu so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) teorannú an líomatáiste gur ina thaobh a bheidh an saghas gnótha le n-a mbaineann an ceadúnas san ar siúl,
(b) págh agus coinníollacha fostuíochta na bhfostaithe sa ghnó san, agus
(c) saoránaigh de Shaorstát Éireann do bheith ar fostú agus déantúisí de chuid Shaorstáit Éireann d'úsáid maidir leis an ngnó san.
(2) Pé uair a chuirfidh an tAire aon choinníollacha ag gabháil le ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta luadhfaidh na coinníollacha san sa cheadúnas san.
Coinníollacha ceadúnais ghnótha eitlíochta do leasú.
92.—(1) Féadfaidh an tAire, más oiriúnach leis é, ar iarratas sealbhóra cheadúnais ghnótha eitlíochta, leasú do dhéanamh (pe'ca tré chur-leis, fágaint-ar-lár no atharú é) ar na coinníollacha bheidh ag gabháil leis an gceadúnas san.
(2) Féadfaidh an tAire uaidh féin leasú do dhéanamh (pe'ca tré chur-leis, fágaint-ar-lár no atharú é) i pé slí is oiriúnach leis ar na coinníollacha bheidh ag gabháil le ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta.
(3) Pé uair a bheartóidh an tAire leasú do dhéanamh, i bhfeidhmiú na comhachta bronntar air leis an bhfo-alt deiridh sin roimhe seo, ar na coinníollacha bheidh ag gabháil le ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta, cuirfidh fé ndeár fógra do sheirbheáil tríd an bpost ar an gceadúnaí fén gceadúnas san ag luadh na gcoinníollacha leasuithe atá chun bheith ag gabháil leis an gceadúnas san agus ar an bhfógra san do sheirbheáil beidh na coinníollacha leasuithe sin ag gabháil-leis an gceadúnas san.
Coinníollacha bheidh ag gabháil le ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta do bhriseadh.
93.—Má theipeann ar dhuine ar bith is ceadúnaí fé cheadúnas gnótha eitlíochta no má fhaillíonn no má dhiúltann sé aon cheann áirithe de sna coinníollacha bheidh ag gabháil leis an gceadúnas san d'fhorchoimeád no do chólíonadh, beidh an duine sin ciontach i gcionta fén alt so agus ar a chiontú ann ar an slí achmair dlighfear fíneáil ná raghaidh thar fiche punt do chur air agus, i gcás cionta leanúnaigh, fíneáil bhreise ná raghaidh thar cúig púint in aghaidh gach lae leanfar den chionta.
Tosach feidhme agus ré cheadúnais ghnótha eitlíochta.
94.—(1) Luadhfar i ngach ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta an dáta ar a dtosnóidh sé agus tosnóidh gach ceadúnas den tsórt san an dáta bheidh luaidhte amhlaidh.
(2) Mara dtuitidh ar lár no mara gceiliúrtar é fén gCuid seo den Acht so roimhe sin leanfaidh gach ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta i bhfeidhm ar feadh tréimhse de dhá mhí dhéag o dháta a thosnuithe agus raghaidh in éag ansan mara ndeintear é d'athnuachaint fén gCuid seo den Acht so.
Iarratas ar cheadúnas ghnótha eitlíochta d'athnuachaint.
95.—(1) Féadfaidh gach duine is ceadúnaí fé cheadúnas ghnótha eitlíochta bheidh i bhfeidhm (pe'ca de bhuadh an cheadúnais sin do dheonadh ar dtúis é no de bhuadh athnuachainte air) féadfaidh, laistigh den aimsir orduithe agus le linn an cheadúnais sin do bheith i bhfeidhm amhlaidh, a iarraidh ar an Aire an ceadúnas san d'athnuachaint.
(2) Is sa bhfuirm orduithe déanfar gach iarratas ar cheadúnas ghnótha eitlíochta d'athnuachaint agus beidh na mion-innste orduithe ann.
Athnuachaint ar cheadúnas ghnótha eitlíochta do dheonadh.
96.—(1) Féadfaidh an tAire diúltadh d'iarratas ar cheadúnais ghnótha eitlíochta d'athnuachaint ar scór no ar scóranna acu so leanas ach ní har aon scór eile, sé sin le rá:—
(a) ar an scór gur dóich leis go ndearnadh le linn ré an cheadúnais, no na hathnuachainte deiridh air, coinníoll no coinníollacha dá raibh ag gabháil leis an gceadúnas san do bhriseadh no faillí do thabhairt i gcoinníoll no i gcoinníollacha acu san d'fhorchoimeád no do chólíonadh;
(b) ar an scór gur dóich leis go ndearnadh, le linn na ré sin, forálacha an Achta so no forálacha aon ordú no rialachán ar n-a ndéanamh fé do bhriseadh no faillí do thabhairt in iad d'fhorchoimeád no do chólíonadh;
(c) ar an scór go ndearnadh, le linn na ré sin, an ceadúnaí fén gceadúnas san do chiontú i gcionta (pe'ca fén Acht so no fé aon Acht eile é) maidir leis an ngnó eitlíochta le n-a mbaineann an ceadúnas san no maidir leis na haer-árthaighe a húsáidtear ann.
(2) Pé uair a dhéanfaidh an tAire ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta d'athnuachaint, féadfaidh an tAire leasú do dhéanamh (pe'ca tré chur-leis, fágaint-ar-lár no atharú é) i pé slí is ceart dar leis ar na coinníollacha bheidh ag gabháil leis an gceadúnas san.
Ré athnuachainte ceadúnais ghnótha eitlíochta.
97.—Tosnóidh gach athnuachaint ar cheadúnas gnótha eitlíochta díreach ar dhul in éag don cheadúnas no don athnuachaint ar an gceadúnas (pe'ca aca é) gur athnuachaint air í agus leanfaidh i bhfeidhm (mara dtuitidh ar lár no mara gceiliúrtar í fén Acht so roimhe sin) go ceann tréimhse dhá mhí dhéag o dháta a tosnuithe.
Ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta do cheiliúradh.
98.—(1) Féadfaidh an tAire, tráth ar bith, ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta do cheiliúradh ar iarratas an cheadúnaí fé.
(2) Féadfaidh an tAire tráth ar bith, uaidh féin agus do réir a dhiscréide féin amháin, ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta do cheiliúradh no do chur ar fiunraoi ar feadh pé tréimhse is ceart dar leis ar aon scór ar a n-údaruítear dó leis an gCuid seo den Acht so diúltadh d'iarratas ar an gceadúnas san d'athnuachaint.
(3) Féadfaidh an tAire tráth ar bith, uaidh féin agus do réir a dhiscréide féin amháin, ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta do cheiliúradh más deimhin leis gur tré chalaois no tré cham-thuairisc do fuarthas an ceadúnas san.
Ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta d'aistriú.
99.—(1) Ní bheidh ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta ionaistrithe, ag an té is ceadúnaí fé ná tré oibriú dlí, chun éinne eile.
(2) Pé uair a haistreofar únaeracht ghnótha eitlíochta, pe'ca tré ghníomh na bpáirtithe no tré oibriú dlí é, ón té is ceadúnaí fén gceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta bhaineann leis an ngnó san chun duine eile, féadfaidh an tAire, más ceart san dar leis, ar iarratas an duine sin, an ceadúnas san d'aistriú chun an duine sin.
(3) Is sa bhfuirm orduithe déanfar gach iarratas chun ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta d'aistriú fén alt so agus beidh na mion-innste orduithe ann.
(4) I gcás ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta d'aistriú fén alt so tuigfear an ceadúnas san d'aistriú ar dháta aistrithe an ghnótha le n-a mbaineann an ceadúnas san.
Ceadúnaí fé cheadúnas ghnótha eitlíochta d'éagadh.
100.—Pé uair éagfaidh an té is ceadúnaí fé cheadúnas ghnótha eitlíochta beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(a) féadfar an gnó eitlíochta le n-a mbaineann an ceadúnas san do choimeád ar siúl fén gceadúnas san go dtí go dtárlóidh pé ní acu so leanas is túisce thárlóidh, sé sin le rá, promháid uachta no leitreacha riaracháin estáit phearsanta an cheadúnaí do dheonadh, no an ceadúnas san do dhul in éag, no trí mhí do bheith caithte ón am d'éag an ceadúnaí sin;
(b) féadfaidh ionadaí pearsanta an cheadúnaí sin, le linn an cheadúnais sin do bheith i bhfeidhm, an gnó eitlíochta san do choimeád ar siúl go ceann sé mhí ón am d'éag an ceadúnaí sin no go dtí go raghaidh an ceadúnas san in éag, pé ní acu san is túisce thárlóidh;
(c) féadfaidh ionadaí pearsanta an cheadúnaí sin a iarraidh ar an Aire an ceadúnas san d'athnuachaint no d'aistriú chuige féin (do réir mar is gá sa chás) agus ar an iarratas san do dhéanamh beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha so leanas, sé sin le rá:—
(i) más iarratas ar athnuachaint an t-iarratas san, féadfaidh an tAire diúltadh don iarratas san ach ní fhéadfaidh déanamh amhlaidh ach ar scór ar a n-údaródh an tAcht so dhó diúltadh don iarratas dá mairfeadh an ceadúnaí sin agus dá mb'é féin a dhéanfadh an t-iarratas;
(ii) más iarratas ar aistriú an t-iarratas san, deonfaidh an tAire an t-iarratas san.
Daoine iarrfaidh ceadúnaisí gnótha eitlíochta do dheonadh, d'athnuachaint agus d'aistriú, do thabhairt eolais agus fíoruithe uatha.
101.—(1) Gach duine iarrfaidh, fén gCuid seo den Acht so, ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta do dheonadh no d'athnuachaint no d'aistriú, déanfaidh, ar an Aire á cheangal san air, an t-eolas san uile theastóidh ón Aire chun an iarratais sin do bhreithniú do thabhairt don Aire.
(2) Féadfaidh an tAire a chur mar cheangal, maidir le haon ráiteas réada déanfar in iarratas ar cheadúnas ghnótha eitlíochta do dheonadh no d'athnuachaint no d'aistriú, no déanfar chun an Aire mar fhreagra ar iarratas ag lorg eolais fén bhfo-alt deiridh sin roimhe seo, go bhfíorófaí é le dearbhú reachtúil o dhuine éigin go n-eolas pearsanta ar an réad a luaidhtear amhlaidh.
(3) Má theipeann ar dhuine ar bith aon eolas no aon fhíorú do thabhairt uaidh a cheanglóidh an tAire air fén alt so a thabhairt uaidh, féadfaidh an tAire, ar scór an teipthe sin agus gan dochar d'aon chomhacht eile chun diúltuithe bronntar air leis an gCuid seo den Acht so, diúltadh don iarratas gur ina thaobh a ceangailtear amhlaidh an t-eolas no an fíorú san do thabhairt.
Táillí ar cheadúnas ghnótha eitlíochta do dheonadh, etc.
102.—(1) Íocfar leis an Aire, ar gach iarratas fén gCuid seo den Acht so ar cheadúnas ghnótha eitlíochta do dheonadh no d'athnuachaint no d'aistriú, táille de pé méid a cheapfaidh an tAire o am go ham, le toiliú an Aire Airgid, agus beidh íoc na táille sin (táille a coimeádfar pe'ca deonfar an t-iarratas no ná deonfar) ina choinníoll nach foláir a chólíonadh sara mbreithneofar an t-iarratas san.
(2) Féadfar táillí deifriúla do cheapadh alos ceadúnaisí gnótha eitlíochta do dheonadh, d'athnuachaint agus d'aistriú fé seach agus alos ceadúnaisí gnótha eitlíochta á údarú saghsanna deifriúla gnóthaí eitlíochta do bheith ar siúl.
Cuntaisí agus tuairisceáin o cheadúnaithe fé cheadúnaisí gnótha eitlíochta.
103.—(1) Féadfaidh an tAire, le rialachán ar n-a dhéanamh aige fén Acht so, a ordú cadiad na cuntaisí choimeádfaidh gach duine ag á mbeidh gnó eitlíochta ar siúl fé cheadúnas ghnótha eitlíochta agus fós cadiad na ráitisí ar chuntaisí, na tuairisceáin ar thrácht agus na tuairisceáin eile bheidh le tabhairt go tréimhsiúil ag gach duine den tsórt san don Aire agus cadiad na tráthanna agus na hócáidí ar a mbeidh na tuairisceáin sin le tabhairt amhlaidh.
(2) Féadfaidh an tAire, leis na coinníollacha cuirfear ag gabháil le ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta, a cheangal ar an gceadúnaí fén gceadúnas san cuntaisí do choimeád no tuairisceáin do thabhairt uaidh a bheidh deifriúil (pe'ca tré chur-leis, fágaint-ar-lár, no atharú é) leis na cuntaisí no leis na tuairisceáin a bheidh orduithe le rialacháin ar n-a ndéanamh fén gCuid seo den Acht so, agus i gcás aon choinníoll den tsórt san do chur ag gabháil le ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta beidh feidhm ag na rialacháin sin maidir leis an gceadúnaí fén gceadúnas san fé réir an choinníll sin.
(3) Féadfaidh an tAire, fé mar agus nuair is dóich leis san do bheith ceart, gach tuairisceán no aon tuairisceán do bhéarfar dó fén alt so agus fós staitistíocht a chuirfe sé le chéile o sna tuairisceáin sin d'fhoillsiú.
(4) Gach duine go dteipfidh air na cuntaisí do choimeád no na tuairisceáin do thabhairt uaidh is gá dhó, do réir rialachán ar n-a ndéanamh fén Acht so no do réir choinníll ar n-a ghabháil le ceadúnas gnótha eitlíochta, do choimeád no do thabhairt uaidh, beidh sé cionta i gcionta fén alt so agus ar a chiontú ann ar an slí achmair dlighfear fíneáil ná raghaidh thar fiche punt do chur air agus, i gcás cionta leanúnaigh, fíneáil bhreise ná raghaidh thar punt in aghaidh gach lae leanfaidh an cionta.
CEAD SCEIDEAL.
Convensiún Eadarnáisiúnta chun Ionannú do Dhéanamh ar Rialacha Áirithe maidir le hIompar Eadarnáisiúnta d'Aer.
Caibidil 1.—Scóip—Mínithe.
Airtiogal 1.
(1) Bainfidh an Convensiún so le gach iompar eadarnáisiúnta dhéanfaidh aer-árthaighe ar luach saothair ag iompar daoine, bagáiste no earraí. Bainfe sé mar an gcéanna le hiompar in aisce dhéanfaidh gnó aer-iompair le haer-árthaighe.
(2) Isé bheidh in “iompar eadarnáisiúnta” do réir bhrí an Chonvensiúin seo ná aon iompar go mbeidh, do réir an chonnartha dhéanfaidh na páirtithe, an áit fágála agus an ceann scríbe, pe'ca bheidh briseadh san iompar no ná beidh no bheidh cur o luing go luing ann no ná beidh, suidhte i gcríocha dhá Ard-Pháirtí Chonnarthacha, no i gcrích Ard-Pháirtí Chonnarthaigh amháin, má bhíonn áit stoptha ar a n-aontuítear i gcrích fé fhlaitheas, fé thiarnas, fé mhandáid no fé údarás Chomhachta eile, cé nach páirtí don Chonvensiún so an Chomhacht san. Ní tuigfear gur iompar eadarnáisiúnta chun crícheanna an Chonvensiúin seo iompar gan áit stoptha den tsórt san ar a n-aontuítear idir críocha fé fhlaitheas, fé thiarnas, fé mhandáid no fé údarás an Ard-Pháirtí Chonnarthaigh chéanna.
(3) Iompar a bheidh le déanamh ag aer-iompróirí iomdha i ndiaidh a chéile tuigfear, chun crícheanna an Chonvensiúin seo, gur iompar amháin nea-roinnte é, má áirmhíonn na páirtithe é mar aon oibriúchán amháin, pe'ca a haontuíodh ina thaobh i bhfuirm chonnartha amháin no shreatha de chonnartha no nár haontuíodh, agus ní chaillfe sé a ghné eadarnáisiúnta de bhíthin connradh amháin no sreath de chonnartha do bheith le cólíonadh ar fad i gcrích fé fhlaitheas, fé thiarnas, fé mhandáid no fé údarás an Ard-Pháirtí Chonnarthaigh chéanna agus dá bhíthin sin amháin.
Airtiogal 2.
(1) Bainfidh an Convensiún so le hiompar a dhéanfaidh an Stát no cóluchtaí puiblí bheidh bunuithe go dleathach má bhíonn sé do réir na gcoinníollacha atá leagtha síos in Airtiogal 1.
(2) Ní bhainfidh an Convensiún so le hiompar a déanfar fé théarmaí aon Chonvensiún phuist eadarnáisiúnta.
Caibidil II.—Scríbhinní Iompair.
Alt 1.—Ticéad Paisnéara.
Airtiogal 3.
(1) Chun paisnéirí d'iompar caithfidh an t-iompróir ticéad paisnéara ina mbeidh na mion-innste seo leanas do sheachadadh—
(a) áit agus dáta a thabhartha amach;
(b) an áit fágála agus an ceann scríbe;
(c) na háiteanna stoptha ar a n-aontuítear, ach féadfaidh an t-iompróir, nuair is gá é, na háiteanna stoptha san d'atharú gan a ghné eadarnáisiúnta do bhaint den iompar dá dhruim sin;
(d) ainm agus seoladh an iompróra no na n-iompróirí;
(e) ráiteas á rá go bhfuil an t-iompar fé réir na rialacha i dtaobh fiachais a bunuítear leis an gConvensiún so.
(2) Más rud é ná beidh an ticéad paisnéara ann no má bhíonn sé nea-rialta no má cailltear é ní dhéanfaidh san dochar don chonnradh iompair do bheith ann ná dá dhleathacht, agus ní lugha-de bheidh an connradh san fé réir rialacha an Chonvensiúin seo. Ach ina thaobh san, má ghlacann an t-iompróir paisnéir gan ticéad paisnéara do bheith seachadtha ní bheidh sé i dteideal buntáiste do bhaint as na forálacha san den Chonvensiún so dhúnann amach no theoranuíonn a fhiachas.
Alt 2.—Ticéad Bagaiste.
Airtiogal 4.
(1) Chun bagáiste, seachas mion-rudaí pearsanta bheidh fé chúram an phaisnéara féin, d'iompar caithfidh an t-iompróir ticéad bagáiste do sheachadadh.
(2) Déanfar an ticéad bagáiste amach i ndúbláid, cuid amháin don phaisnéir agus an chuid eile don iompróir.
(3) Beidh na mion-innste seo leanas sa ticéad bagáiste:—
(a) áit agus dáta a thabhartha amach;
(b) an áit fágála agus an ceann scríbe;
(c) ainm agus seoladh an iompróra no na n-iompróirí;
(d) uimhir an ticéid phaisnéara;
(e) ráiteas á rá go seachadfar an bagáiste do shealbhóir an ticéid bhagáiste;
(f) líon agus meáchaint na bpacáistí;
(g) méid an luacha dearbhófar do réir Airtiogail 22, mír (2);
(h) ráiteas á rá go bhfuil an t-iompar fé réir na rialacha i dtaobh fiachais a bunuítear leis an gConvensiún so.
(4) Más rud é ná beidh an ticéad bagáiste ann no má bhíonn sé nea-rialta no má cailltear é ní dhéanfaidh san dochar don chonnradh iompair do bheith ann ná dá dhleathacht, agus ní lugha-de bheidh an connradh san fé réir rialacha an Chonvensiúin seo. Ach ina thaobh san, má ghlacann an t-iompróir bagáiste gan ticéad bagáiste do bheith seachadtha, no mara mbeidh na mioninnste atá leagtha amach ag (d), (f) agus (h) thuas sa ticéad bagáiste, ní bheidh an t-iompróir i dteideal buntáiste do bhaint as na forálacha san den Chonvensiún a dhúnann amach no theoranuíonn a fhiachas.
Alt 3.—Nóta Aer-chonsighneachta.
Airtiogal 5.
(1) Tá sé de cheart ag gach iompróir earraí a cheangal ar an gconsighneoir scríbhinn dá ngairmtear “nóta aer-chonsighneachta” do dhéanamh amach agus do thabhairt dó; tá sé de cheart ag gach consighneoir a cheangal ar an iompróir an scríbhinn seo do ghlacadh.
(2) Ach ina thaobh san, más rud é ná beidh an scríbhinn seo ann no má bhíonn sí nea-rialta no má cailltear í ní dhéanfaidh san dochar don chonnradh iompair do bheith ann ná dá dhleathacht, agus ní lugha-de bheidh an connradh san fé rialú ag rialacha an Chonvensiúin seo fé réir forálacha Airtiogail 9.
Airtiogal 6.
(1) Déanfaidh an consighneoir an nóta aer-chonsighneachta amach i dtrí coda bunaidh agus bhéarfar suas é i dteanta na n-earraí.
(2) Beidh na focail “don iompróir” marcálta ar an gcéad chuid, agus sighneoidh an consighneoir é. Beidh na focail “don chonsighní” marcálta ar an dara cuid; sighneoidh an consighneoir agus an t-iompróir é agus ragha sé i dteanta na n-earraí. Sighneoidh an t-iompróir an tríú cuid agus bhéarfaidh don chonsighneoir é tar eis na n-earraí do ghlacadh.
(3) Déanfar sighniú an iompróra do chur síos ar é do ghlacadh na n-earraí.
(4) Féadfaidh sighniú an iompróra bheith stampálta; féadfaidh sighniú an chonsighneora bheith clóbhuailte no stampálta.
(5) Má dheineann an t-iompróir an nóta aer-chonsighneachta amach ar iarratas an chonsighneora, tuigfear, mara gcruthuítear a mhalairt, gur thar ceann an chonsighneora do rinne sé amhlaidh.
Airtiogal 7.
Tá an t-iompróir earraí i dteideal a cheangal ar an gconsighneoir nótaí consighneachta ar leithligh do dhéanamh amach nuair a bhíonn níos mó ná pacáiste amháin ann.
Airtiogal 8.
Beidh na mion-innste seo leanas sa nóta aer-chonsighneachta:—
(a) áit agus dáta a fheidhmithe;
(b) an áit fágála agus an ceann scríbe;
(c) na háiteanna stoptha ar a n-aontuítear, ach féadfaidh an t-iompróir, nuair is gá é, na háiteanna stoptha san d'atharú gan a ghné eadarnáisiúnta do bhaint den iompar dá dhruim sin;
(d) ainm agus seoladh an chonsighneora;
(e) ainm agus seoladh an chéad iompróra;
(f) ainm agus seoladh an chonsighní, más gá san sa chás;
(g) an saghas earraí;
(h) líon na bpacáistí, an modh pacála agus na marcanna no na huimhreacha áirithe atá ortha;
(i) meáchaint, caindíocht agus toirt no tuisí na n-earraí;
(j) an riocht ina bhféachann na hearraí agus an phacáil do bheith;
(k) an luach fartha, má có-aontuíodh ina thaobh, dáta agus áit a íoctha, agus an duine atá le n-a íoc;
(l) más chun íoc asta ar iad do sheachadadh a seolfar na hearraí, praghas na n-earraí, agus, más gá san sa chás, méid na gcostaisí fé n-a ndeachthas;
(m) méid an luacha dearbhuíodh do réir Airtiogail 22, mír (2);
(n) an méid codanna atá sa nóta aer-chonsighneachta;
(o) na scríbhinní do seachadadh don iompróir chun bheith i dteanta an nóta aer-chonsighneachta;
(p) an t-am do ceapadh chun an iompair do chríochnú agus gearr-thuairisc i dtaobh an chúrsa atá le leanúint (via) má rinneadh socrú i dtaobh na nithe seo;
(q) ráiteas á rá go bhfuil an t-iompar á dhéanamh fé réir na rialacha i dtaobh fiachais a bunuítear leis an gConvensiún so.
Airtiogal 9.
Má ghlacann an t-iompróir earraí gan nóta aer-chonsighneachta do bheith déanta amach, no mara mbeidh na mion-innste uile atá leagtha amach in Airtiogal 8 (a) go (i) go huile agus (q) sa nóta san, ní bheidh an t-iompróir i dteideal buntáiste do bhaint as na forálacha den Chonvensiún so dhúnann amach no theoranuíonn a fhiachas.
Airtiogal 10.
(1) Tá an consighneoir freagarthach i gcruinneas na mioninnste agus na ráitisí i dtaobh na n-earraí a chuirfe sé isteach sa nóta aer-chonsighneachta.
(2) Beidh sé freagarthach sa damáiste uile déanfar don iompróir no do dhuine ar bith eile de dheascaibh na mion-innste agus na ráitisí sin do bheith nea-rialta, nea-chruinn no neadhóthanach.
Airtiogal 11.
(1) Mara gcruthuítear a mhalairt beidh an nóta aer-chonsighneachta ina fhianaise ar an gconnradh do bheith críochnuithe, ar na hearraí do bheith faighte agus ar na coinníollacha iompair.
(2) Mara gcruthuítear a mhalairt beidh na ráitisí sa nóta aerchonsighneachta i dtaobh meáchaint, tuisí agus pacáil na n-earraí, maraon leis na ráitisí i dtaobh líon na bpacáistí, ina bhfianaise ar na nithe sin; ní bheidh na ráitisí i dtaobh caindíocht, toirt agus riocht na n-earraí ina bhfianaise i gcoinnibh an iompróra ach sa mhéid go ndearna sé, agus go ndeirtear sa nóta aer-chonsighneachta go ndearna sé, iad do sheiceáil i láthair an chonsighneora, no i gcás ina mbaineann na ráitisí leis an riocht ina bhféachann na hearraí do bheith.
Airtiogal 12.
(1) Tá sé de cheart ag an gconsighneoir, ar choinníoll go gcólíonfa sé a oblagáidí uile fén gconnradh iompair, deighleáil leis na hearraí tré n-a dtarrac siar ag an aerodróm fágála no ag an aerodróm ceann scríbe, no tré n-a stopadh i gcúrsa an turuis ag ionad túirlinge, no tré n-a cheangal go seachadfar iad ag an gceann scríbe no i gcúrsa an turuis do dhuine seachas an consighní bheidh ainmnithe so nóta aer-chonsighneachta, no tré n-a éileamh go gcuirfear thar n-ais go dtí an t-aerodróm fágála iad, ach san ar choinníoll ná déanfaidh feidhmiú an chirt seo dochar don iompróir ná do chonsighneoirí eile agus go n-aisíocfar aon chostaisí thiocfaidh dá dhruim.
(2) Maran féidir orduithe an chonsighneora do chur i ngníomh caithfidh an t-iompróir san do chur in úil dó láithreach.
(3) Má dheineann an t-iompróir do réir orduithe an chonsighneora maidir le deighleáil leis na hearraí gan a éileamh go dtaisbeánfaí an chuid den nóta aer-chonsighneachta bheidh seachadtha don chonsighneoir, beidh sé freagarthach, gan dochar dá cheart chun íoc do bhaint den chonsighneoir, in aon damáiste déanfar dá dheascaibh sin do dhuine ar bith go mbeidh an nóta aer-chonsighneachta ina sheilbh go dleathach aige.
(4) An ceart a bronntar ar an gconsighneoir scuireann an túisce thosnuíonn ceart an chonsighní do réir Airtiogail 13. Ach ina thaobh san, má dhiúltann an consighní an nóta consighneachta no na hearraí do ghlacadh, no maran féidir scéal do chur chuige, tá a cheart deighleála ag an gconsighneoir athuair.
Airtiogal 13.
(1) Ach amháin sna cásanna atá leagtha amach san Airtiogal san roimhe seo, tá an consighní i dteideal, ar na hearraí do shroichint an ceann scríbe, a cheangal ar an iompróir an nóta aerchonsighneachta do thabhairt suas dó agus na hearraí do sheachadadh dhó, ar íoc na n-éilithe atá dlite agus ar dhéanamh do réir na gcoinníollacha iompair atá leagtha amach sa nóta aerchonsighneachta.
(2) Mara ndeintear a mhalairt de chó-aontú, cuirfidh an t-iompróir scéal chun an chonsighní ar na hearraí do bheith tagtha.
(3) Má admhuíonn an t-iompróir gur cailleadh na hearraí, no mara mbeidh na hearraí tagtha i gcionn tréimhse seacht lá tar éis an dáta ar ar cheart dóibh teacht, beidh an consighní i dteideal na cearta bheidh ann de thoradh an chonnartha iompair d'fhoirfheidhmiú i gcoinnibh an iompróra.
Airtiogal 14.
Féadfaidh an consighneoir agus an consighní foirfheidhmiú do dhéanamh ar na cearta uile bronntar ortha fé seach le hAirtiogail 12 agus 13, gach duine acu ina ainm féin, pe'ca ar mhaithe leis féin no ar mhaithe le duine eile bheidh sé ag gníomhú, ar choinníoll go gcólíonfa sé na hoblagáidí forchuirtear leis an gconnradh.
Airtiogal 15.
(1) Ní dhéanfaidh na hAirtiogail sin 12, 13 agus 14 dochar don bhaint a bheidh ag an gconsighneoir agus ag an gconsighní le n-a chéile ná don bhaint le n-a chéile bheidh ag treas-pháirtithe gur ón gconsighneoir no ón gconsighní bheidh a gcearta ag teacht.
(2) Ba cheart aon choinníoll ná beidh do réir forálacha Airtiogal 12, 13 agus 14 do chur sa nóta aer-chonsighneachta.
Airtiogal 16.
(1) Beidh sé d'fhiachaint ar an gconsighneoir pé eolas do thabhairt uaidh agus pé scríbhinní do chur ag gabháil leis an nóta aer-chonsighneachta is gá chun fuirmeáltachtaí custum, octroi no póilíneachta do chríochnú sara bhféadfar na hearraí do sheachadadh don chonsighní. Tá an consighneoir freagarthach don iompróir in aon damáiste thiocfaidh toisc gan aon eolas no scríbhinní den tsórt san do bheith ann no toisc iad do bheith nea-dhóthanach no nearialta, marab é an t-iompróir no a ghníomhairí fé ndeár an damáiste.
(2) Ní bheidh sé d'fhiachaint ar an iompróir féachaint an bhfuil an t-eolas no na scríbhinní sin cruinn no dóthanach no ná fuil.
Caibidil III.—Fiachas an Iompróra.
Airtiogal 17.
Tá an t-iompróir freagarthach i ndamáiste deintear i gcás paisnéir d'éag no do chréachtnú no aon díobháil eile chuirp do bhaint dó, más ar bord an aer-árthaigh no i gcúrsa aon choda d'obair an luchtuithe no an dí-luchtuithe do thárla an tionóisc ba chúis leis an damáiste do rinneadh amhlaidh.
Airtiogal 18.
(1) Tá an t-iompróir freagarthach i ndamáiste deintear i gcás aon bhagáiste cláruithe no aon earraí do mhilleadh no do chailliúint no do dhamáistiú, más le linn an iompair d'aer do thárla an ní ba chúis leis an damáiste do rinneadh amhlaidh.
(2) Isé is ré don iompar d'aer do réir bhrí na míre sin roimhe seo ná an tréimhse gur ar a feadh atá an bagáiste no na hearraí i gcúram an iompróra, pe'ca in aerodróm no ar bord aer-árthaigh é, no, i gcás túirlinge lasmuich d'aerodróm, in aon áit ar bith.
(3) Ní fholuíonn an tréimhse iompair d'aer aon iompar de thír, de mhuir ná d'abhainn a deintear lasmuich d'aerodróm. Más rud é, ámh, go ndeintear iompar den tsórt san i bhfeidhmiú connartha iompair d'aer, chun luchtú, seachadadh no cur o luing go luing do dhéanamh, tuigtear, mara gcruthuítear a mhalairt, gur teagmhas do thárla le linn an iompair d'aer ba chúis le haon damáiste deintear.
Airtiogal 19.
Tá an t-iompróir freagarthach i ndamáiste thagann de dheascaibh aon mhoill do dhéanamh i bpaisnéirí, bagáiste no earraí d'iompar d'aer.
Airtiogal 20.
(1) Níl an t-iompróir freagarthach má chruthuíonn sé go ndearna seisean agus a ghníomhairí na nithe uile ba ghá chun an damáiste do sheachaint no nárbh fhéidir dó-san ná dá ghníomhairí na nithe sin do dhéanamh.
(2) In iompar earraí agus bagáiste níl an t-iompróir freagarthach má chruthuíonn sé gurbh é ba chúis leis an damáiste ná píolóideacht fhaillítheach no faillí i láimhseáil an aer-árthaigh no i loingseoireacht agus, ar gach slí eile, go ndearna seisean agus a ghníomhairí na nithe uile ba ghá chun an damáiste do sheachaint.
Airtiogal 21.
Má chruthuíonn an t-iompróir gurbh í faillí an té dá ndearnadh damáiste ba chúis leis an damáiste no gur chabhruigh sí leis an damáiste do dhéanamh féadfaidh an Chúirt, do réir forálacha a dlí féin, an t-iompróir do shaoradh no a fhiachas do laigheadú.
Airtiogal 22.
(1) In iompar paisnéirí ní théigheann fiachas an iompróra in aghaidh gach paisnéara fé leith thar suim 125,000 franc. Más rud é gur féidir, do réir dlí na Cúirte gur os a cóir atá an cás, airgead damáiste do mholadh i bhfuirm íocaíochtaí tréimhsiúla, ní raghaidh an luach caipitail is có-ionann leis na híocaíochtaí sin thar an maximum roimhráite. Ach ina thaobh san, féadfaidh an paisnéir, tré chó-aontú speisialta do dhéanamh leis an iompróir, teora fiachais níos aoirde do shocrú.
(2) In iompar bagáiste chláruithe agus earraí ní théigheann fiachas an iompróra thar suim 250 franc an cílogram, mara ndeineann an consighneoir, agus é ag tabhairt an phacáiste don iompróir, dearbhú speisialta i dtaobh an luacha le linn an tseachadtha agus go n-íocann suim bhreise más gá san. Sa chás san beidh an t-iompróir freagarthach suas go dtí méid na suime dearbhuithe, mara gcruthuighe sé gur mó an tsuim sin ná an méid do b'fhiú an pacáiste don chonsighneoir le linn an tseachadtha.
(3) Maidir le rudaí bhionn i gcúram an phaisnéara féin ní théigheann fiachas an iompróra thar 5,000 franc in aghaidh gach paisnéara.
(4) Tuigfear na suimeanna luaidhtear thuas do bhaint leis an bhfranc Francach ina bhfuil 65½ míliúgram d'ór go bhfuil 900 cuid as an míle d'fhíneáltacht ann. Is féidir na suimeanna so d'atharú go dtí aon airgead reatha náisiúnta ina bhfigiúirí is iolraithe ar dheich.
Airtiogal 23.
Foráil ar bith a raghadh chun an iompróra do shaoradh o fhiachas no chun teora is ísle ná í sin atá leagtha síos sa Chonvensiún so do cheapadh beidh sí gan bhrí gan éifeacht, ach ní nea-mbríochaint ar an gconnradh ar fad aon fhoráil den tsórt san do bheith gan bhrí agus leanfaidh an connradh de bheith ann fé réir forálacha an Chonvensiúin seo.
Airtiogal 24.
(1) Sna cásanna le n-a mbaineann Airtiogail 18 agus 19 ní féidir aon aicsean chun airgead damáiste do bhaint amach, pe cúis a bheidh leis, do bhunú ach fé réir na gcoinníollacha agus na dteoranta atá leagtha amach sa Chonvensiún so.
(2) Sna cásanna le n-a mbaineann Airtiogal 17 tá feidhm ag forálacha na míre sin roimhe seo freisin, gan dochar do sna ceisteanna i dtaobh cé hiad na daoine ag á bhfuil an ceart aicsin agus cadiad na cearta atá acu fé seach.
Airtiogal 25.
(1) Ní bheidh sé de cheart ag an iompróir buntáiste do bhaint as na forálacha den Chonvensiún so a dhúnann amach no theoranuíonn a fhiachas, másé is cúis leis an damáiste ná máilís no a leithéid sin d'fhaillí ar a thaobh-san go meastar, do réir dlí na Cúirte gur os a cóir a bheidh an cás, í bheith mailíseach.
(2) Séanfar an ceart so chó maith céanna air más duine dá ghníomhairí do rinne, i scóip a fhostaíochta, an damáiste i gcúrsaí den tsamhail chéanna.
Airtiogal 26.
(1) Má ghlacann an consighní an bagáiste no na hearraí gan gearán do dhéanamh beidh san, mara gcruthuítear a mhalairt, ina fhianaise go ndearnadh an chonsighneacht do sheachadadh i riocht mhaith agus do réir na scríbhinne iompair.
(2) I gcás damáiste, caithfidh an consighní gearán do dhéanamh leis an iompróir láithreach tar éis an damáiste d'fhionnachtain, agus, ar a dhéanaí, laistigh de thrí lá o dháta a fhálta i gcás bagáiste agus laistigh de sheacht lá o dháta a bhfálta i gcás earraí. I gcás moille caithfear an gearán do dhéanamh laistigh de cheithre lá dhéag ar a dhéanaí ón dáta ar ar tugadh an bagáiste no na hearraí ar láimh dó.
(3) Caithfear gach gearán do dhéanamh i scríbhinn ar an scríbhinn iompair no tré fhógra ar leithligh i scríbhinn a cuirfear amach laistigh den tréimhse orduithe alos an ghearáin sin.
(4) Mara ndeintear gearán laistigh de sna tréimhsí orduithe, ní luighfidh aon aicsean i gcoinnibh an iompróra, ach amháin i gcás calaoise ar a thaobh-san.
Airtiogal 27.
I gcás an duine atá freagarthach d'fháil bháis, luigheann aicsean alos damáiste do réir téarmaí an Chonvensiúin seo i gcoinnibh a ionadaithe pearsanta.
Airtiogal 28.
(1) Caithfear aicsean, chun airgead damáiste do bhaint amach, do bhunú, fé mar is rogha leis an ngearánaí, i gcrích Páirtí de sna hArd-Pháirtithe Connarthacha, os cóir na Cúirte ag á bhfuil dlighinse san áit ina gcomhnuíonn an t-iompróir no ina bhfuil a phríomh-áit ghnótha aige no ina bhfuil tigh gnótha aige do rinne an connradh no os cóir na Cúirte ag á bhfuil dlighinse ag an gceann scríbe.
(2) Isé dlí na Cúirte gur os a cóir a bheidh an cás a rialóidh ceisteanna i dtaobh nós imeachta.
Airtiogal 29.
(1) Beidh cosc leis an gceart chun airgid damáiste mara mbunuítear aicsean laistigh de dhá bhliain, ar n-a áireamh ón dáta ar ar sroicheadh an ceann scríbe no ón dáta ar ar cheart don aerárthach é shroichint no ón dáta ar ar stad an t-iompar.
(2) Is do réir dlí na Cúirte gur os a cóir a bheidh an cás a cinnfear an modh ina ndéanfar amach an tréimhse roimhráite.
Airtiogal 30.
(1) I gcás iompair atá le déanamh ag iompróirí iomdha i ndiaidh a chéile agus le n-a mbaineann an míniú atá leagtha amach sa tríú mír d'Airtiogal 1, tá ar gach iompróir a ghlacann bagáiste paisnéirí no earraí déanamh do réir na rialacha atá leagtha amach sa Chonvensiún so agus tuigtear gur páirtí é de sna páirtithe connarthacha sa chonnradh iompair sa mhéid go mbaineann an connradh san leis an gcuid sin den iompar a deintear fé n-a mhaoirseacht.
(2) I gcás iompair den chineál so, ní féidir don phaisnéir ná dá ionadaí aicsean do bhunú ach amháin i gcoinnibh an iompróra do rinne an t-iompar gur le n-a linn do thárla an tionóisc no an mhoill, ach amháin i gcás ina ndearna an chéad iompróir, le có-aontú soiléir, a ghlacadh air féin a bheith freagarthach in aghaidh an turuis ar fad.
(3) I gcás bagáiste no earraí, beidh ceart aicsin ag an gconsighneoir i gcoinnibh an chéad iompróra, agus beidh ceart aicsin ag an gconsighní atá i dteideal an tseachadtha i gcoinnibh an iompróra dheiridh, agus fós, féadfaidh an bheirt acu aicsean do bhunú i gcoinnibh an iompróra do rinne an t-iompar gur le n-a linn do thárla an milleadh, an chailliúint, an damáiste no an mhoill. Beidh na hiompróirí seo freagarthach i dteanta a chéile don chonsighneoir no don chonsighní.
Caibidil IV.—Forálacha i dtaobh Iompair Aontuithe.
Airtiogal 31.
(1) I gcás iompair aontuithe deintear go leathrannach d'aer agus go leathrannach tré aon mhodh eile iompair, ní bhaineann forálacha an Chonvensiúin seo ach leis an iompar d'aer, má bhíonn an t-iompar san do réir téarmaí Airtiogail I.
(2) Ní dhéanfaidh éinní atá sa Chonvensiún so na páirtithe, i gcás iompair aontuithe, do chosc ar choinníollacha i dtaobh modhanna eile iompair do chur sa scríbhinn aer-iompair, má forchoimeádtar forálacha an Chonvensiúin seo maidir leis an iompar d'aer.
Caibidil V.—Forálacha Generálta agus Forálacha Deiridh.
Airtiogal 32.
Ní bheidh brí na éifeacht ag aon chlás a bheidh sa chonnradh ná ag aon chó-aontuithe speisialta, ar n-a ndéanamh roimh an damáiste do thárlachtaint, tré n-a dtugann na páirtithe le tuisgint go dtréigid na rialacha a leagtar síos leis an gConvensiún so, pe'ca tré n-a chinneadh cadé an dlí ag á mbeidh feidhm no tré sna rialacha i dtaobh dlighinse d'atharú. Ach ina thaobh san, lomháltar, fé réir an Chonvensiúin seo, clásanna eadrascáin, maidir le hearraí d'iompar, má bhíonn an t-eadrascán le déanamh laistigh de cheann de sna dlighinsí dá dtagartar sa chéad mhír d'Airtiogal 28.
Airtiogal 33.
Ní choiscfidh éinní atá sa Chonvensiún so an t-iompróir ar dhiúltadh d'aon chonnradh iompair do dhéanamh ná ar rialacháin do dhéanamh ná beidh contrárdha d'fhorálacha an Chonvensiúin seo.
Airtiogal 34.
Ní bhainfidh an Convensiún so le hiompar eadarnáisiúnta d'aer a dhéanfaidh gnóthaí aer-loingseoireachta i bhfuirm trialach tosaigh d'fhonn rian rialta aer-loingseoireachta do bhunú, ná ní bhainfe sé le hiompar a déanfar i gcásanna neaghnáthacha lasmuich de ghnáth-scóip ghnótha aer-iompróra.
Airtiogal 35.
Nuair a húsáidtear an focal “laetheanta” sa Chonvensiún so, is laetheanta reatha agus ní laetheanta oibre chialluíonn sé.
Airtiogal 36.
Is i bhFraincis agus in aon chóip amháin atá an Convensiún so curtha le chéile agus fanfaidh an chóip sin ar lóisteáil in annálacha Aireacht Ghnóthaí Coigríche na Polainne agus cuir fidh Rialtas na Polainne cóip chuibhe-dheimhnithe amháin di go dtí Rialtas gach Páirtí de sna Páirtithe Ard-Chonnarthacha.
Airtiogal 37.
(1) Daingneofar an Convensiún so. Déanfar ionstruimí an daingnithe do lóisteáil in annálacha Aireacht Ghnóthaí Coigríche na Polainne, agus cuirfidh an Aireacht san in úil do Rialtas gach Páirtí de sna Páirtithe Ard-Chonnarthacha go ndearnadh an lóisteáil.
(2) Chó luath agus a bheidh an Convensiún so daingnithe ag cuíg Páirtí de sna Páirtithe Ard-Chonnarthacha tiocfa sé i bhfeidhm eatortha ar an nóchadú lá tar éis an cúigiú daingniú do lóisteáil. Ina dhiaidh sin tiocfa sé i bhfeidhm, idir na Páirtithe Ard-Chonnarthacha ag á mbeidh sé daingnithe agus an Páirtí Ard-Chonnarthach a lóisteálfaidh a ionstruimí daingnithe, ar an nóchadú lá tar éis na lóisteála san do dhéanamh.
(3) Beidh sé de dhualgas ar Rialtas Phoblacht na Polainne dáta an Chonvensiúin seo do theacht i bhfeidhm agus fós dáta lóisteálta gach daingnithe fé leith a chur in úil do Rialtas gach Páirtí de sna Páirtithe Ard-Chonnarthacha.
Airtiogal 38.
(1) Tar éis é theacht i bhfeidhm, fanfaidh an Convensiún so ar oscailt chun Stát ar bith d'aontú leis.
(2) Isé slí ina ndéanfar an t-aontú ná tré fhógra díreofar chun Rialtas Phoblacht na Polainne, agus cuirfidh an Rialtas san an méid sin in úil do Rialtas gach Páirtí de sna Páirtithe Ard-Chonnarthachta.
(3) Raghaidh an t-aontú in éifeacht ón nóchadú lá tar éis an fhógra do thabhairt do Rialtas Phoblacht na Polainne.
Airtiogal 39.
(1) Féadfaidh aon Pháirtí de sna Páirtithe Ard-Chonnarthacha eirghe as an gConvensiún so tré fhógra díreofar chun Rialtas Phoblacht na Polainne, agus cuirfidh an Rialtas san an méid sin in úil láithreach do Rialtas gach Páirtí de sna Páirtithe Ard-Chonnarthacha.
(2) Raghaidh eirghe as in éifeacht sé mhí tar éis an fhógra ina thaobh do thabhairt, ach ní bheidh éifeacht aige ach amháin alos an pháirtí bheidh tar éis fógra maidir le heirghe as do thabhairt uaidh.
Airtiogal 40.
(1) Féadfaidh aon Pháirtí Ard-Chonnarthach, le linn an Chonvensiúin do shighniú no le linn a dhaingniú do lóisteáil no a aontú do dhéanamh, a dhearbhú i dtaobh é do ghlacadh leis an gConvensiún so ná baineann san le gach ceann no le haon cheann áirithe dá gcóilíneachtaí, dá choimircisí, no dá chríocha fé mhandáid, no le haon chrích eile fé n-a fhlaitheas no fé n-a údarás, no le haon chrích fé n-a thiarnas.
(2) Dá réir sin féadfaidh aon Pháirtí Ard-Chonnarthach aontú ar leithligh do dhéanamh ina dhiaidh sin in ainm gach ceann no aon cheann dá chóilíneachtaí, dá choimircisí, no dá chríocha fé mhandáid no aon chríche eile fé n-a fhlaitheas no fé n-a údarás no aon chríche eile fé n-a thiarnas do dúnadh amach amhlaidh le n-a bhun-dearbhú.
(3) Féadfaidh aon Pháirtí Ard-Chonnarthach fógra do thabhairt, do réir forálacha an Chonvensiúin seo, á rá go bhfuil sé féin no gach ceann no aon cheann dá chóilíneachtaí, dá choimircisí, dá chríocha fé mhandáid no aon chríoch eile fé n-a fhlaitheas no fé n-a údarás, no aon chríoch eile fé n-a thiarnas ag eirghe as an gConvensiún so.
Airtiogal 41.
Beidh Páirtí Ard-Chonarthach ar bith i dteideal, tráth nach luaithe ná dhá bhliain tar éis don Chonvensiún so teacht i bhfeidhm, a iarraidh go dtabharfaí Códháil nua eadarnáisiúnta le chéile chun aon fheabhsuithe d'fhéadfaí dhéanamh ar an gConvensiún so do bhreithniú. Chuige seo cuirfe sé scéala go dtí Rialtas Phoblacht na Fraince agus déanfaid san na nithe is gá chun ullamhuithe i gcóir na Codhála san.
Fanfaidh an Convensiún so, ar n-a dhéanamh i Warsaw an 12adh Deireadh Fómhair, 1929, ar oscailt chun a shighnithe go dtí an 31adh Eanar, 1930.
(Tá na sighnithe anso do cuireadh leis thar ceann na dtíortha so leanas:—
An Ghearmáin, An Ostair, An Bheilg, An Bhreasail. An Danmharg, An Spáinn, An Fhrainc, An Bhreatain Mhór agus Tuaisceart Éireann, Có-chiníochas na hAstráile, Aondacht na hAifrice Theas, An Ghréig, An Iodáil, An tSeapáin, An Laitbhe, Luxembourg, An Norbhuaidh, An Isiltír, An Pholainn, An Rúmáin, An Eilbhéis, An tSecshlóbhaic, Aondacht na bPoblacht Soibhéideach Sóisialta, agus An Iúgshlaibh.)
Protocol Breise.
(I dtaobh Airtiogail 2.)
Coimeádann na Páirtithe Ard-Chonnarthacha acu féin an ceart chun a dhearbhú tráth an daingnithe no an aontuithe ná bainfidh mír (1) d'Airtiogal 2 den Chonvensiún so le hiompar eadarnáisiúnta d'aer a déanfar go díreach ag an Stát, ag á chóilíneachtaí, ag á choimircisí no ag á chríocha fé mhandáid no ag aon chrích eile fé n-a fhlaitheas, fé n-a thiarnas no fé n-a údarás.
[Na sighnithe céanna san atá leis an gConvensiún agus a taisbeántar thuas.]
DARA SCEIDEAL.
Coinníollacha ata le Cólíonadh ag an gCuideachtain.
1. Beidh Memorandum agus Airtiogail Chomhlachais na Cuideachtan fé réir an Aire Airgid d'aontú leo tar éis dó dul i gcomhairle leis an Aire Tionnscail agus Tráchtála.
2. Isé méid scair-chaipitail na Cuideachtan ná pé suim ná raghaidh thar milleon punt agus a cheadóidh an tAire Airgid.
3. Forálfar le Memorandum Comhlachais na Cuideachtan—
(a) gur i mBaile Atha Cliath a bheidh oifig chláruithe na Cuideachtan;
(b) go mbeidh ar phríomh-chuspóirí na Cuideachtan—
(i) rianta aer-iompair do bhunú, do chothabháil agus d'oibriú idir áiteanna i Saorstát Éireann agus idir Saorstát Éireann agus tíortha eile iad féin no tré Aer Lingus Teoranta agus gnóthaí aer-iompair eile ina mbeidh leas stiúrtha ag an gCuideachtain;
(ii) scaireanna in Aer Lingus Teoranta d'fháil agus do shealbhú;
(iii) na gnóthaí aer-iompair eile sin do bhunú agus scaireanna ionta do shealbhú;
(iv) scaireanna i ngnóthaí aer-iompair, seachas iad san a luaidhtear sa chlás deiridh sin roimhe seo, do shealbhú agus socrú oibre do dhéanamh le gnóthaí aer-iompair den tsórt san;
(v) congnamh airgid no congnamh eile do thabhairt, le toiliú an Aire Airgid, do sna gnóthaí aer-iompair sin;
(c) go mbeidh teora le fiachas ball na Cuideachtan;
(d) go mbeidh scair-chaipital na Cuideachtan roinnte ina scaireanna de phunt an ceann, agus go mbeidh comhacht ag an gCuideachtain, le toiliú an Aire Airgid, chun na scaireanna i gcaipital na Cuideachtan do roinnt i saghsanna iomdha agus chun aon chearta, no príbhléidí no coinníollacha, tosaíochta no moillithe no coinníollta no speisialta, do chur ar gabháil leis na saghsanna san fé seach.
4. Forálfar le hAirtiogail Chomhlachais na Cuideachtan—
(a) gur cúigear líon stiúrthóirí na Cuideachtan;
(b) faid a bheidh an tAire Airgid i seilbh na deichiú coda (in ainm-luach) ar a laighead de scaireanna eisithe na Cuideachtan no faid a bheidh aon bhintiúirí leis an gCuideachtain a bheidh urruithe ag an Aire sin fén Acht so gan íoc, gurb é an tAire sin ainmneoidh triúr de stiúrthóirí na Cuideachtan tar éis dó dul i gcomhairle leis an Aire Tionnscail agus Tráchtála;
(c) go mbeidh comhacht ag an gCuideachtain chun airgead do chruinniú chun crícheanna na Cuideachtan tré bhintiúirí, ach san fé réir na nithe seo leanas:—
(i) nach mó tráth ar bith an méid a cruinneofar amhlaidh ná scair-chaipital íoctha na Cuideachtan,
(ii) ná feidhmeofar an chomhacht san gan toiliú an Aire Airgid faid a bheidh an tAire sin i seilbh na deichiú coda ar a laighead de scair-chaipital na Cuideachtan no faid a bheidh aon bhintiúirí leis an gCuideachtain a bheidh urruithe ag an Aire sin fén Acht so gan íoc;
(d) nach féidir, faid a bheidh an tAire Airgid i seilbh aon scaireanna sa Chuideachtain, duine ar bith do cheapadh ina iniúchóir don Chuideachtain mara mbeidh an tAire sin tar éis aontú le hainmniú an duine sin chun bheith ina iniúchóir don Chuideachtain.
Number 40 of 1936.
AIR NAVIGATION AND TRANSPORT ACT, 1936.
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
Preliminary and General
Section | |
General provisions in relation to Orders made by the Executive Council. | |
Provisions in relation to the Paris Convention
Carriage by Air
International Carriage by Air
Warsaw Convention to have the force of law in Saorstát Eireann. | |
Liability of carrier in the event of the death of a passenger. | |
Actions against High Contracting Parties who undertake carriage by air. |
Carriage by air which is not international.
Application of Chapter I of this Part of this Act to carriage by air which is not international. |
Liability in Respect of Damage Caused by Aircraft to Persons and Property on Land or Water, Survival of Causes of Action Arising out of such Liability, Limitation of such Liability, and Compulsory Insurance by Owners of Aircraft Against such Liability
Liability in Respect of Damage Caused by Aircraft to Persons or Property on Land or Water
Survival of Causes of Action arising out of Liability in Respect of Damage Caused by Aircraft to Persons and Property on Land or Water, Limitation of such Liability and Compulsory Insurance by Owners of Aircraft against such Liability
Provision in relation to the Rome Convention
Establishment and Maintenance of Aerodromes by the Minister for Industry and Commerce and Local Authorities, and Acquisition of Land, etc., for those purposes
Trespass and Nuisance by Aircraft, and Dangerous Flying
Restrictions on actions for damages in respect of trespass or nuisance by aircraft. | |
Administrative and Miscellaneous Provisions
Information as to air transport undertakings and use of customs aerodromes. | |
The Company, Subsidiary Companies and Aer Lingus, Teoranta
Restriction on Services for Internal Carriage by Air of Passengers and Goods
Restriction on carriage by air of passengers and goods between places within Saorstát Eireann. |
Control and Regulation of Certain Classes of Aviation Business
86. | The appointed day for the purposes of Part X. |
Accounts and returns by licensees under aviation business licences. |
International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage by Air
Conditions to which the Company is to Conform
Acts Referred to | |
No. 9 of 1934 | |
No. 5 of 1925 | |
Merchant Shipping (Safety and Load Lines Conventions) Act, 1933 | No. 42 of 1933 |
No. 14 of 1935 | |
Number 40 of 1936.
AIR NAVIGATION AND TRANSPORT ACT, 1936.
PART I.
Preliminary and General.
Short title.
1.—This Act may be cited as the Air Navigation and Transport Act, 1936.
Definitions.
2.—(1) In this Act—
the expression “the Minister” means the Minister for Industry and Commerce;
the expression “the Paris Convention” means the International Convention relating to the regulation of aerial navigation done at Paris on the 13th day of October, 1919, and includes any amendment to the said Convention which may be made under Article 34 thereof;
the expression “the Warsaw Convention” means the International Convention for the unification of certain rules relating to international carriage by air which was signed at Warsaw on the 12th day of October, 1929, and came into force in respect of Saorstát Eireann on the 19th day of December, 1935;
the expression “the Rome Convention” means the International Convention for the unification of certain rules relating to damage caused by aircraft to third parties on the surface which was signed at Rome on the 29th day of May, 1933, and includes any amendment to the said Convention to which Saorstát Eireann is a party;
the word “aircraft” includes all balloons, whether fixed or free, kites, gliders, airships and flying machines;
the word “airship” means an aircraft using gas lighter than air as a means of support, and having means of propulsion;
the word “balloon” means an aircraft using gas lighter than air as a means of support and having no means of propulsion;
the word “seaplane” includes a flying boat and any other aircraft designed to manœuvre on the waters;
the expression “State aircraft” means military aircraft and every aircraft exclusively employed in State services, including postal, customs, and police services;
the expression “Saorstát Eireann aircraft” means aircraft registered in Saorstát Eireann;
the expression “foreign aircraft” means aircraft which is registered in a country other than Saorstát Eireann;
the word “goods” includes mails and animals;
the word “aerodrome” means any definite and limited area (including water) intended to be used, either wholly or in part, for or in connection with the landing or departure of aircraft;
the word “land” includes land covered with water, any harbour, any part of the territorial waters of Saorstát Eireann, foreshore, any easement, water-right, fishing right or other of whatsoever kind right in over or in respect of land or water, but does not include land which belongs to Saorstát Eireann by virtue of Article 11 of the Constitution; the expression “policy of insurance” includes a covering note;
the expression “the Company” means the Company to be formed and registered under Part VIII of this Act;
the expression “subsidiary company” means an air transport company in which more than one half of the issued share capital thereof is held by the Company;
the expression “local authority” means a body which is—
(a) the council of a county or other borough, or
(b) the council of a county, or
(c) the council of an urban district;
the expressions “conservancy authority” and “harbour authority” have the same meanings respectively as in section 742 of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1894;
the word “prescribed” where it occurs in Part II of this Act means prescribed by order made by the Executive Council under the said Part II;
the word “prescribed” (except in Part II of this Act) means prescribed by regulations made by the Minister under this Act.
(2) References in this Act to any country or territory (including Saorstát Eireann) shall, unless the context otherwise requires be construed as including reference to the territorial waters (if any) adjacent to such country or territory.
Application of Act to State aircraft.
3.—(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, this Act (except Part III thereof) shall not apply to any State aircraft.
(2) The Executive Council may by order direct that such provisions of this Act (except Part III thereof) or any order or regulations made thereunder as may be specified in such order shall, with or without modifications, apply to State aircraft, and whenever any such order is made and is in force, such of the said provisions as may be specified in such order shall, subject to such modifications (if any) as may be specified therein, have the force of law in Saorstát Eireann.
Saving for lighthouse authorities.
4.—Nothing in this Act or any order or regulation made thereunder shall prejudice or affect the rights, powers or privileges of any general or local lighthouse authority.
General provisions in relation to Orders made by the Executive Council.
5.—(1) An order made by the Executive Council under this Act may be made applicable to any aircraft in or over Saorstát Eireann or to Saorstát Eireann aircraft wherever they may be.
(2) An order made by the Executive Council under this Act may authorise the Minister to make regulations for carrying out the purposes of such order in respect of such matters and things as may be specified in such order.
(3) An order made by the Executive Council under this Act may contain such incidental, supplementary and consequential provisions as appear to the Executive Council to be necessary or expedient for the purposes of such order.
(4) An order made by the Executive Council under this Act may provide that any breach or contravention of such order shall be an offence triable summarily and prescribe the punishments which may be inflicted by courts of summary jurisdiction on persons convicted by such courts of any such offence, but so that no such punishment shall exceed imprisonment for a term of six months or a fine of two hundred pounds or both such imprisonment and fine.
(5) The Executive Council may by order under this sub-section revoke or amend any order made by the Executive Council under this Act including an order made under this sub-section.
(6) Every order made by the Executive Council under this Act shall be laid before Dáil Eireann as soon as may be after it is made, and if a resolution annulling such order is passed by Dáil Eireann within the next subsequent twenty-one days on which Dáil Eireann has sat after such order is so laid before Dáil Eireann, such order shall be annulled accordingly but without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under such order.
Regulations.
6.—The Minister may by order make regulations in relation to—
(a) any matter or thing referred to in this Act (except Part II thereof) as prescribed;
(b) any matter or thing in respect of which the Minister is authorised, by an order made by the Executive Council under this Act, to make regulations for carrying out the purposes of such order;
(c) any matter or thing which the Minister is by this Act authorised to prescribe by regulations made under this Act.
Fees.
7.—The following provisions shall have effect in relation to all fees payable under this Act, that is to say:—
(a) such fees shall be collected in money and taken in such manner as the Minister for Finance may from time to time direct, and shall be paid into or disposed of for the benefit of the Exchequer in accordance with the directions of the Minister for Finance; and
(b) the Public Offices (Fees) Act, 1879, shall not apply in respect of such fees.
Repeal of Air Navigation Act, 1920.
8.—The Air Navigation Act, 1920, is hereby repealed.
Expenses.
9.—All expenses incurred by the Minister for Finance in the execution of this Act and all expenses so incurred by the Minister for Justice, the Minister for Local Government and Public Health, the Minister for Posts and Telegraphs, and the Minister, to such extent as may be sanctioned by the Minister for Finance, shall, if not otherwise provided for under this Act, be paid out of moneys provided by the Oireachtas.
PART II.
Provisions in relation to the Paris Convention.
Power to give effect to the Paris Convention.
10.—The Executive Council may from time to time make such orders as appear to them necessary or expedient for carrying out the Paris Convention and for giving effect thereto or to any of the provisions thereof, and every such order shall have the force of law in Saorstát Eireann.
Power to apply Paris Convention to internal flying.
11.—The Executive Council may from time to time by order direct that the provisions of the Paris Convention for the time being in force, or any of them, and whether or not those provisions are limited to aircraft of any special description or engaged in any special kind of navigation, shall apply to or in relation to any aircraft in or over Saorstát Eireann and whenever any such order is made such of the said provisions as are specified in such order shall apply to or in relation to any aircraft in or over Saorstát Eireann.
Special provisions which may be made by Order of the Executive Council.
12.—Without prejudice to the generality of the powers conferred by the two immediately preceding sections, the Executive Council may by order made under either of the said sections make provision—
(a) prescribing the authority by which any of the powers exercisable under the Paris Convention by a contracting State or by any authority therein are to be exercised in Saorstát Eireann;
(b) for the licensing, inspection, and regulation of aerodromes, for access to aerodromes and places where aircraft have landed, for access to aircraft factories for the purpose of inspecting the work therein carried on, for prohibiting or regulating the use of unlicensed aerodromes, and for the licensing of personnel employed at aerodromes in the inspection or supervision of aircraft;
(c) as to the manner and conditions of the issue and renewal of any certificate or licence required by the order or by the Paris Convention, including the examination and tests to be undergone, and the form, custody, production, cancellation, suspension, endorsement and surrender of any such certificate or licence;
(d) as to the registration of aircraft in Saorstát Eireann;
(e) as to the conditions under which aircraft may be used for carrying passengers and goods;
(f) as to the conditions under which aircraft may pass, or passengers or goods may be conveyed by aircraft, into or from Saorstát Eireann or from one part of Saorstát Eireann to another;
(g) exempting from the provisions of the order or of the Paris Convention, or any of them, aircraft flown for experimental purposes, or any other aircraft or persons where it appears that the same should not apply;
(h) prescribing the scales of charges at licensed aerodromes;
(i) appointing any area to be a prohibited area for the purposes of the order;
(j) prescribing the fees to be paid in respect of the grant of any certificate or licence or otherwise for the purposes of the order or the Paris Convention;
(k) supplementing the Paris Convention, in such manner as appears necessary or convenient by regulations designed to promote the safety of aircraft and of persons and property carried therein, and to prevent aircraft endangering other persons and property;
(l) for the control and regulation of aerial lighthouses, lights at or in the neighbourhood of aerodromes and aerial lighthouses and lights which are liable to endanger aircraft;
(m) regulating the making of signals and other communications by or to aircraft and persons carried therein, and regulating the use of any ensign established for purposes connected with air navigation;
(n) prescribing any matter or thing referred to in this Part of this Act as prescribed.
Power to compel compliance when aircraft disobeys signals.
13.—If any aircraft flies or attempts to fly over any area appointed as a prohibited area under or by virtue of an order made under this Part of this Act or enters or attempts to enter Saorstát Eireann in contravention of any such order, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) it shall be lawful for any officer designated for the purpose by such order to cause such signal as may be prescribed by such order to be given, and
(b) if, after such signal has been given, the aircraft fails to respond to such signal by complying with the provisions of such order prescribing the action to be taken on such signal being given, it shall be lawful for such officer to fire at or into such aircraft and to use any and every other means at his disposal to compel compliance;
(c) no action or other legal proceedings whatsoever, whether civil or criminal, shall be instituted in any court in Saorstát Eireann in respect of the doing of anything authorised to be done by any such officer under this section, whether such thing is done personally or by a person acting in aid; of or under the direction of such officer.
Expenses of International Commission for Air Navigation, etc.
14.—Any sums required for the contribution from Saorstát Eireann for the organisation and operations of the International Commission for Air Navigation set up under the Paris Convention, or occasioned by the sending of delegations, shall be paid by the Minister out of moneys provided by the Oireachtas.
Continuance of orders and regulations made under Part I of the Air Navigation Act, 1920.
15.—Every order and regulation made under Part I of the Air Navigation Act, 1920, and in force at the passing of this Act shall be deemed for the purposes of this Act to be made under this Part of this Act and may accordingly be amended or revoked by an order of the Executive Council, and, until so revoked and subject to any such amendment, shall continue in force.
Continuance of existing certificates and licences.
16.—Every certificate and licence granted under the Air Navigation Act, 1920, or under any order or regulations made thereunder and in force at the date of the passing of this Act shall continue in force and shall be deemed, for all purposes, to have been granted under this Act or such order or regulation.
PART III.
Carriage by Air.
CHAPTER I.
International Carriage by Air.
Warsaw Convention to have the force of law in Saorstát Eireann.
17.—(1) The provisions of the Warsaw Convention as set out in the First Schedule to this Act shall, so far as they relate to the rights and liabilities of carriers, passengers, consignors, consignees and other persons, and subject to the provisions of this section and the next following section, have the force of law in Saorstát Eireann in relation to any carriage by air to which the Warsaw Convention applies, irrespective of the nationality of the aircraft performing that carriage.
(2) The Executive Council may by order from time to time certify who are the High Contracting Parties to the Warsaw Convention, in respect of what territories they are respectively parties, and to what extent they have availed themselves of the Additional Protocol to the Warsaw Convention, and any such order shall, except in so far as it has been superseded by a subsequent order under this sub-section, be conclusive evidence of the matters so certified.
(3) Any reference in the First Schedule to this Act to the territory of any High Contracting Party to the Warsaw Convention shall be construed as a reference to the territories subject to his sovereignty, suzerainty, mandate or authority, in respect of which he is a party.
(4) Any sum in francs mentioned in Article 22 of the First Schedule to this Act shall, for the purposes of an action against the carrier, be converted into the currency of Saorstát Eireann at the rate of exchange prevailing on the date on which the amount of any damages to be paid by the carrier is ascertained by the court.
(5) For the purposes of this section references to agents in the First Schedule to this Act shall be construed as including references to servants.
Liability of carrier in the event of the death of a passenger.
18.—Any liability imposed by Article 17 of the First Schedule to this Act on a carrier in respect of the death of a passenger shall be in substitution for any liability of the carrier in respect of the death of that passenger under any statute or at common law, and the following provisions shall have effect with respect to the persons by and for whose benefit the liability so imposed is enforceable and with respect to the manner in which it may be enforced, that is to say:—
(a) the liability shall be enforceable for the benefit of such members of the passenger's family as sustained damages by reason of his death;
(b) for the purposes of paragraph (a) of this section—
(i) the expression “member of a family” means wife or husband, parent, stepparent, grandparent, brother, sister, half-brother, half-sister, child, stepchild, grandchild,
(ii) in deducing any relationship any illegitimate person shall be treated as being, or as having been the legitimate child of his mother and reputed father;
(c) an action to enforce the liability may be brought by the personal representative of the passenger or by any person for whose benefit the liability is under paragraph (a) of this section, enforceable, but only one action shall be brought in Saorstát Eireann in respect of the death of any one passenger and every such action by whomsoever brought shall be for the benefit of all such persons so entitled as either are resident in Saorstát Eireann or, not being resident there, express a desire to take the benefit of the action;
(d) the amount which may be recovered in any such action shall not exceed the actual and the prospective loss resulting from such death to the members of the passenger's family;
(e) subject to the provisions of paragraph (f) of this section, the amount recovered in any such action, after deducting any costs not recovered from the defendant, shall be divided between the persons entitled in such proportions as the judge before or by whom such action is tried shall determine and direct;
(f) the court before whom any such action is brought may at any stage of the proceedings make such order as appears to the court to be just and equitable in view of the provisions of the First Schedule to this Act limiting the liability of a carrier and of any proceedings which have been, or are likely to be, commenced outside Saorstát Eireann in respect of the death of the passenger in question.
Actions against High Contracting Parties who undertake carriage by air.
19.—(1) Every High Contracting Party to the Warsaw Convention who has not availed himself of the provisions of the Additional Protocol thereto shall, for the purposes of any action brought in a Court of Saorstát Eireann in accordance with the provisions of Article 28 of the First Schedule to this Act to enforce a claim in respect of carriage undertaken by him, be deemed to have submitted to the jurisdiction of that Court, and accordingly rules of court may provide for the manner in which any such action is to be commenced and carried on.
(2) Nothing in this section shall authorise the issue of execution against the property of any High Contracting Party.
CHAPTER II.
Carriage by air which is not international.
Application of Chapter I of this Part of this Act to carriage by air which is not international.
20.—The Executive Council may by order apply the provisions of the First Schedule to this Act and any provision (other than the immediately preceding section) of Chapter I of this Part of this Act to such carriage by air, not being international carriage by air as defined in the said First Schedule, as may be specified in such order, subject however to such exceptions, adaptations and modifications as may be specified in such order, and·wherever any such order is made the provisions of the said First Schedule and any provision of the said Chapter I specified in such order shall, subject however to such exceptions, adaptations and modifications (if any) as may be specified in such order, have the force of law in Saorstát Eireann in relation to any carriage by air, not being international carriage by air as so defined, specified in such order.
PART IV.
Liability in Respect of Damage Caused by Aircraft to Persons and Property on Land or Water, Survival of Causes of Action Arising out of such Liability, Limitation of such Liability, and Compulsory Insurance by Owners of Aircraft Against such Liability.
CHAPTER I.
Liability in Respect of Damage Caused by Aircraft to Persons or Property on Land or Water.
Liability for damage caused by aircraft to persons or property on land or water.
21.—(1) Where material damage or loss is caused to any persons or property on land or water by, or by any person in, or any article or person falling from, an aircraft while in flight, taking off or landing, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) damages shall be recoverable from the owner of such aircraft in respect of such damage or loss, without proof of negligence or intention or other cause of action, as though the same had been caused by his wilful act, neglect, or default, except where the damage or loss was caused by or contributed to by the negligence of the person by whom the same was suffered;
(b) where such damage or loss is caused in circumstances in which—
(i) damages are recoverable from such owner in respect of such damage or loss by virtue only of the preceding provisions of this sub-section, and
(ii) a legal liability is created in some person, other than such owner, to pay damages in respect of such damage or loss,
such owner shall be entitled to be indemnified by that other person against any claim in respect of such damage or loss.
(2) Where—
(a) any aircraft has been bona-fide demised, let or hired out for a period exceeding fourteen days to any other person by the owner thereof, and
(b) no pilot, commander, navigator, or operative member of the crew of such aircraft is in the employment of such owner,
sub-section (1) of this section shall have effect as if for references therein to the owner there were substituted references to the person to whom the aircraft has been so demised, let or hired out.
(3) Nothing in this section shall affect the operation of Part III of this Act or any contract for the carriage of passengers or goods by air in so far as the contract provides for determining or limiting the liability of the carrier thereunder.
CHAPTER II
Survival of Causes of Action arising out of Liability in Respect of Damage Caused by Aircraft to Persons and Property on Land or Water, Limitation of such Liability and Compulsory Insurance by Owners of Aircraft against such Liability.
Commencement of Chapter II of Part IV.
22.—This Chapter of this Part of this Act shall come into operation on such day as may be fixed therefor by order of the Minister.
Survival of cause of action in respect of loss or damage caused by aircraft to persons and property on land or water.
23.—(1) This section applies to every cause of action in respect of loss or damage which, after the commencement of this Chapter of this Part of this Act, is caused to persons or property on land or water, by, or by a person in, or an article or person falling from, an aircraft while in flight, taking off, or landing.
(2) Subject to the provisions of this section, on the death of any person after the commencement of this Chapter of this Part of this Act, every cause of action to which this section applies subsisting against, or vested in him, shall survive (as the case may be) against, or for the benefit of his estate.
(3) Where—
(a) a cause of action to which this section applies survives, by virtue of the immediately preceding sub-section, for the benefit of the estate of a deceased person, and
(b) the death of such person has been caused by the circumstances which gave rise to such cause of action,
the damage recoverable for the benefit of his estate shall be calculated without reference to any loss or gain to his estate consequent on his death, except that a sum in respect of funeral expenses may be included.
(4) No proceedings shall be maintainable in respect of a cause of action which, by virtue of this section, has survived against the estate of a deceased person unless either—
(a) proceedings against him in respect of such cause of action were pending at the date of his death, or
(b) such cause of action arises not earlier than six months before his death and proceedings are taken in respect thereof not later than six months after his personal representative took out administration.
(5) Where damage has been suffered by reason of any circumstances by reason of which a cause of action to which this section applies would have subsisted against any person if that person had not died before or at the same time as the damage was suffered, there shall be deemed, for the purposes of this section, to have been subsisting against him before his death such cause of action by reason of those circumstances as would have subsisted if he had died after the damage was suffered.
(6) In the event of the insolvency of an estate against which proceedings are maintainable by virtue of this section, any liability in respect of the cause of the action in respect of which such proceedings are maintainable, shall be deemed to be a debt provable in the administration of the estate, notwithstanding that it is a demand in the nature of unliquidated damages arising otherwise than by contract or promise.
Limitation of liability for damage caused by aircraft to persons and property on land or water.
24.—(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, a person or, as the case may be, his estate shall not, in respect of loss or damage which, after the commencement of this Chapter of this Part of this Act, is without any gross negligence or wilful misconduct on his part and without any gross negligence or wilful misconduct (to which he was privy) on the part of his servants or agents, caused on any one occasion to persons or property on land or water by, or by a person in, or an article or person falling from, any one aircraft while in flight, taking off, or landing, be liable to pay by way of damages an amount exceeding in the aggregate—
(a) in case such aircraft is an airship, twenty-five thousand pounds, or
(b) in case such aircraft is a balloon (whether fixed or free), five thousand pounds, or
(c) in case such aircraft is a glider, one thousand pounds, or
(d) in any other case—
(i) a number of pounds of the currency of Saorstát Eireann equal to the number of pounds avoirdupois constituting the weight of such aircraft fully loaded, or
(ii) if the sum ascertained under sub-paragraph (i) of this paragraph is less than five thousand pounds or more than twenty-five thousand pounds, five thousand pounds or twenty-five thousand pounds, as the case may be.
(2) Without prejudice to the operation of the next following sub-section, a person or, as the case may be, his estate shall not be entitled to the benefit of sub-section (1) of this section in relation to any loss or damage, if, at the time of the happening of the event which was the cause of the loss or damage, he was not the owner of the aircraft concerned and was in, or in possession or control of, the aircraft without the authority or permission of the owner thereof.
(3) A person or, as the case may be, his estate shall not be entitled to the benefit of sub-section (1) of this section in relation to any claim made in respect of such loss or damage as is mentioned in the said sub-section (1) unless it is proved—
(a) that a policy of insurance, issued by an approved aircraft insurer, which, subject to any restrictions or conditions specified therein, insures the owner of the aircraft concerned against all liability which he may incur in respect of such loss or damage, was in force in relation to such, aircraft at the time of the happening of the event which was the cause of the loss or damage giving rise to the claim, or
(b) if the claim is made against the person who at that time was the owner of the aircraft or against his estate, that the aircraft was then in the possession or control of some other person without the authority or permission of the owner, or
(c) that the owner of the aircraft was at the said time an exempted person within the meaning of this Chapter of this Part of this Act.
(4) Where any person or the estate of any person is alleged to be under any liability in respect of such loss or damage as is mentioned in sub-section (1) of this section, and several claims are made or apprehended in respect of that liability, the said person or his personal representative, as the case may be, may make application to the High Court, and thereupon the court—
(a) may determine the amount of the liability and, subject to the provisions of the next following sub-section, distribute that amount rateably among the several claimants;
(b) may stay any proceedings pending in any other court in relation to the same matter; and
(c) may give such directions as the court thinks proper for the joining of persons interested as parties to the proceedings, for the exclusion of claims which are not brought before the court within a certain time, and for requiring security from the person by whom the application to the court was made.
(5) If, by virtue of this section, the amount of the liability is less than the total amount of the damages which the several claimants would, but for this section, be entitled to recover, the first-mentioned amount shall, as to one-half thereof, be appropriated in the first instance to meeting any claims in respect of loss of life or personal injury, and any part of that amount not so appropriated shall be distributed among the several claimants in proportion to their claims, including any claims in respect of loss of life or personal injury if and so far as they exceed the said appropriation.
(6) Nothing in this section shall be construed as affecting the amount of any compensation payable under the Workmen's Compensation Act, 1934 (No. 9 of 1934).
(7) Nothing in this section shall affect the operation of Part III of this Act or any contract for the carriage of passengers or goods by air in so far as the contract provides for determining or limiting the liability of the carrier thereunder.
(8) The Minister may make regulations prescribing the manner in which the weight of an aircraft fully loaded is to be ascertained for the purposes of this section, and directing that, in the case of an aircraft of any particular class, such document (being a document which purports to show the weight of the aircraft fully loaded) as may be specified in the regulations shall be evidence of that weight.
Obligation of owners of aircraft to be insured against certain third party risks.
25.—(1) After the commencement of this Chapter of this Part of this Act, it shall not be lawful for any person to fly, or cause or permit any other person to fly, an aircraft unless—
(a) there is in force in relation to the flying of such aircraft by such person or such other person, a policy of insurance (in this Chapter of this Part of this Act referred to as an approved policy of insurance) issued by an approved aircraft insurer, which subject to any restrictions or conditions specified therein, insures the owner of such aircraft against all liability which he may incur in respect of loss or damage caused to persons or property on land or water in Saorstát Eireann by, or by any person in, or any article or person falling from, the aircraft while in flight, taking off, or landing; or
(b) the owner of such aircraft is an exempted person within the meaning of this Chapter of this Part of this Act.
(2) If any person acts in contravention of this section he shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding two hundred pounds or, at the discretion of the court, imprisonment for any term not exceeding six months or to both such fine and imprisonment.
Hirers of aircraft to be treated as owners in certain circumstances.
26.—Where—
(a) any aircraft has been bona-fide demised, let or hired out for a period exceeding fourteen days to any other person by the owner thereof, and
(b) no pilot, commander, navigator or operative member of the crew of the aircraft is in the employment of such owner,
the two immediately preceding sections shall have effect as if for references therein to the owner there were substituted references to the person to whom the aircraft has been so demised, let or hired out.
Approved aircraft insurer.
27.—(1) The Minister may from time to time by order declare that a specified person is an approved aircraft insurer for the purposes of this Part of this Act, and whenever any such order is made and in force the person declared thereby to be an approved aircraft insurer for the purposes of this Part of this Act shall be an approved aircraft insurer for that purpose.
(2) The Minister may by order revoke an order made under this section.
Certificate of insurance.
28.—A policy of insurance shall be of no effect for the purposes of the preceding provisions of this Chapter of this Part of this Act unless and until there has been issued by the insurer to the insured a certificate (in this Part of this Act referred to as a certificate of insurance) in relation to such policy in such form and containing such particulars as the Minister may require.
“Exempted persons”.
29.—(1) In this Chapter of this Part of this Act, the expression “exempted person” means a person
(a) who has made and maintained, in respect of any aircraft of which he is the owner, the deposit of the appropriate amount with the Accountant of the Courts of Justice authorised by the next following section to be made by persons who desire to become exempted persons; and
(b) to whom a certificate (which is for the time being in force) has been granted by the Minister under the next following sub-section in respect of such aircraft.
(2) Where any person who is the owner of any aircraft satisfies the Minister that he has made in respect of such aircraft with the Accountant of the Courts of Justice a deposit of the appropriate amount, the Minister shall issue to such person a certificate (in this Chapter of this Part of this Act referred to as a certificate of security) in such form and containing such particulars as the Minister thinks proper.
(3) Where—
(a) a certificate of security has been issued to any person by the Minister under this section, and
(b) either—
(i) the amount, stated in a notice of deficiency given to such person by the Accountant of the Courts of Justice in pursuance of the provisions of this Chapter of this Part of this Act relating to payment of judgment debts out of deposit, has not, within fourteen days after such person has received such notice, been deposited with the Accountant of the Courts of Justice, or
(ii) the deposit made by such person at the time such certificate was granted has ceased to be maintained,
the Minister shall revoke such certificate.
(4) In this section the expression “the appropriate amount” means in relation to any deposit made with the Accountant of the Courts of Justice—
(a) in case the person making such deposit is the owner of not more than two aircraft, the sum mentioned in sub-section (1) of the next following section in respect of such aircraft, and
(b) in case such person is the owner of three or more aircraft, the sum mentioned in sub-section (2) of the next following section in respect of such aircraft.
Deposits by exempted persons.
30.—(1) Any person who is the owner of not more than two aircraft and who desires to become an exempted person may deposit and keep deposited with the Accountant of the Courts of Justice a sum equal to the maximum sum determined in relation to such aircraft by sub-section (1) of section 24 (which relates to limitation of liability for damage caused by aircraft to persons and property on land or water) of this Act.
(2) Any person who is the owner of three or more aircraft and who desires to become an exempted person may deposit and keep deposited with the Accountant of the Courts of Justice a sum equal to the aggregate of the two greatest of the several maximum sums determined under sub-section (1) of section 24 of this Act in relation to those aircraft respectively.
(3) The Accountant of the Courts of Justice shall invest every sum deposited with him under this section in such of the securities authorised by law for the investment of funds in the High Court as the person making or maintaining such deposit shall direct, and the income accruing on such securities shall be paid to the said person.
(4) The Accountant of the Courts of Justice shall not accept a deposit under this section save on a warrant of the Minister.
(5) The Minister may by order make rules with respect to applications for warrants for the purposes of this section, the payment of deposits and the investment thereof or dealing therewith, the deposit of stocks, shares, or other securities in lieu of money, the payment of the income from time to time accruing due on any securities in which deposits are for the time being invested, and the withdrawal and transfer of deposits.
Payment of judgment debts out of deposit.
31.—(1) In this section—
the word “deposit” means a deposit of money or securities in lieu of money made with the Accountant of the Courts of Justice under this Chapter of this Part of this Act by way of qualification for being an exempted person;
the word “depositor” means a person who has made a deposit.
(2) Where a person (in this section referred to as a judgment creditor) has recovered judgment in any court against a depositor for a sum to which this section applies the High Court may, on the application in a summary manner of the judgment creditor and if satisfied that the depositor has no goods which can be taken in execution to satisfy such judgment, order the amount of such judgment together with the costs of such order, the application therefor and the proceedings thereunder to be paid to the judgment creditor out of the deposit maintained by such depositor.
(3) Whenever the High Court makes an order under the immediately preceding sub-section in respect of a deposit the Accountant of the Courts of Justice shall pay the money stated in such order to the judgment creditor specified in such order out of such deposit and shall for that purpose sell so much of the investments representing such deposit as is necessary (after defraying the costs of such sale) to enable such money to be paid.
(4) Whenever the Accountant of the Courts of Justice, in pursuance of an order made by a court under this section, pays any money out of or sells any of the investments representing a deposit maintained with him by a depositor in pursuance of this Part of this Act, he shall forthwith calculate and ascertain the market value of so much of the investments representing such deposit as remains unsold and, if such market value together with any uninvested money included in such deposit falls short of the full proper amount of such deposit, he shall give to the Minister and such depositor notice in writing of such deficiency and of the amount thereof.
(5) If, when a notice of deficiency of deposit is given to a depositor by the Accountant of the Courts of Justice in pursuance of the immediately preceding sub-section such depositor, not more than fourteen days after receiving such notice, deposits with the Accountant of the Courts of Justice a sum equal to the amount of the deficiency stated in such notice, the sum so deposited shall be added to and treated as part of the said deposit and such depositor shall be deemed to have maintained such deposit at its full proper amount.
(6) Whenever a depositor, if an individual, becomes bankrupt or insolvent or dies or, if a corporate body, is wound up or, if a partnership or other unincorporated association, is dissolved, the deposit made by such depositor shall be applicable in the first instance to payment only of the liabilities of the depositor for sums to which this section applies and when all such liabilities of such depositor have been discharged in full shall be applicable as general assets of the depositor.
(7) This section applies to any sum awarded against a depositor as damages in respect of damage or loss caused to persons or property on land or water by, or by a person in, or an article or person falling from, an aircraft, owned by such depositor, while in flight, taking off or landing.
Release of deposits.
32.—Whenever the High Court is satisfied, on the application made in a summary manner by a depositor or by a person claiming through or under a depositor and after notice to the Minister and after such publication of advertisements as the High Court shall direct, that it is just and expedient that the deposit or part of the deposit made by such depositor should be paid out to the person making such application, the High Court shall order such deposit or such part thereof as may be specified in such order to be paid out to such person either unconditionally or subject to such conditions as the High Court shall think proper to specify in such order, and shall direct the Accountant of the Courts of Justice to do all such things (including the sale of the investments representing such deposit or part of such investments) as appear to the High Court to be necessary or expedient for giving effect to such order.
Regulations for purposes of Part IV.
33.—(1) The Minister may by order make regulations in relation to all or any of the following matters, that is to say:—
(a) applications for certificates of security;
(b) the issue of copies or of new certificates in lieu of any such certificates which are lost or destroyed;
(c) the carrying of documents in aircraft and the production of such documents on demand to such, persons as may be specified in such regulations.
(2) If any person acts in contravention (whether by commission or by omission) of any regulations made under this section, such person shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding twenty pounds.
CHAPTER III.
Provision in relation to the Rome Convention.
Commencement of Chapter III of Part IV.
34.—This Chapter of this Part of this Act shall come into operation on such day as may be fixed therefor by order of the Minister.
Provision for giving effect to the Rome Convention.
35.—(1) The Executive Council may, if it appears to them to be necessary or expedient for them so to do for the purposes of giving effect to the Rome Convention, make an order—
(a) directing either—
(i) that the provisions set out in such order shall, in relation to aircraft registered in any such country (other than Saorstát Eireann) as may be specified in the order, have effect in lieu of the provisions of Chapters I and II of this Part of this Act, or
(ii) that all or any of the provisions of the said Chapters I and II shall, in relation to such aircraft, have effect subject to such modifications, adaptations and exceptions as may be specified in the order; and
(b) making such provisions as appear to the Executive Council to be required for securing that a Saorstát Eireann aircraft shall not leave Saorstát Eireann on a flight to or over any such country, unless there is on board the aircraft a certificate of insurance or a certificate of security in respect of the aircraft, being a certificate in such form and issued by such person and containing such particulars as may be appointed by the order.
(2) Where an order is made under the immediately preceding sub-section before the commencement of Chapter II of this Part of this Act, the said Chapter II shall, for the purposes of the said sub-section but not further or otherwise, be deemed to be in force.
(3) Every order made under this section shall have the force of law in Saorstát Eireann.
PART V.
Establishment and Maintenance of Aerodromes by the Minister for Industry and Commerce and Local Authorities, and Acquisition of Land, etc., for those purposes.
Extension of meaning of “the purposes of this Part of this Act”.
36.—The purposes of this Part of this Act for which land may be acquired by agreement or compulsorily shall include—
(a) the purpose of securing that the land adjacent to an aerodrome which the Minister or a local authority has established or is about to establish shall not be used in such manner as to cause interference with, or danger or damage to, aircraft at, approaching, or leaving the aerodrome; and
(b) the purposes of securing that trees; and buildings on the land adjacent to an aerodrome, which the Minister or a local authority has established or is about to establish, are, with the object of ensuring the safety of aircraft approaching or leaving the aerodrome, demolished.
Power of Minister and local authority to establish and maintain aerodromes.
37.—The Minister may and any local authority may, with the consent of the Minister given after consultation with the Minister for Local Government and Public Health and subject to such conditions as he may impose, establish and maintain aerodromes and provide and maintain in connection therewith roads, bridges, approaches, apparatus, equipment, and buildings and other accommodation.
Power of local authorities to carry on businesses in connection with aerodromes.
38.—(1) If the Minister is satisfied, with respect to any aerodrome maintained by a local authority under the immediately preceding section, that it is necessary or expedient that such local authority should be empowered to carry on in connection with such aerodrome any particular business, being a business which appears to him to be ancillary to the carrying on of an aerodrome, but which such local authority would not otherwise have power to carry on, he may by order authorise such local authority, subject to such conditions (if any) as may be specified in such order, to carry on that business in connection with such aerodrome.
(2) The Minister may by order under this sub-section revoke or amend an order made under this section, including this sub-section.
(3) The Minister shall before making an order under this section consult the Minister for Local Government and Public Health in regard thereto.
Right of entry on land by the Minister and local authorities.
39.—(1) Any person (in this section referred to as an authorised officer) authorised in that behalf by the Minister or a local authority may do either or both of the following things, that is to say:—
(a) enter on any land for the purpose of making thereon any inquiry, investigation, or examination preliminary or incidental to the acquisition of such land for the purposes of this Part of this Act;
(b) enter, for the purposes of making thereon surveys, on any land, which adjoins or is in the neighbourhood of land acquired or the acquisition of which is contemplated for the purposes of the said Part.
(2) If any person impedes or obstructs an authorised officer in the exercise of the powers conferred on such authorised officer by this section, such person shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding ten pounds.
Acquisition by the Minister of land by agreement.
40.—The Minister may for the purposes of this Part of this Act acquire by agreement any land.
Compulsory acquisition of land, etc., by the Minister.
41.—(1) If and whenever the Minister thinks proper to acquire compulsorily any land or to acquire or use compulsorily any right of impounding, diverting, or abstracting water for the purposes of this Part of this Act, the Minister may, with the consent of the Minister for Finance, by order declare his intention so to acquire such land or so to acquire or use such right, and every such order shall operate to confer on the Minister full power to acquire compulsorily the land or to acquire or use compulsorily the right mentioned therein under and in accordance with this section.
(2) The Minister shall not make an order under this section in relation to any land covered by water, or which is foreshore, or in relation to any right of impounding, diverting, or abstracting water without previous consultation with the Minister for Agriculture.
(3) Before making an order under this section, the Minister—
(a) shall deposit and keep open for inspection at some suitable place (public notice of which shall be given) such plans, specifications, and other documents as will show fully and clearly the land or right intended to be acquired or used by virtue of the order;
(b) shall give notice, in such manner as he may consider best adapted for informing persons likely to be affected by the order, of his intention to consider the making thereof and of the manner in which representations and objections in respect of the order may be made, and
(c) shall, if he considers it expedient so to do, cause a public inquiry to be held in regard to the making of the order.
(4) An order made under this section may incorporate—
(a) the Acquisition of Land (Assessment of Compensation) Act, 1919, and
(b) the Land Clauses Acts so far as the same are not inconsistent with the said Acquisition of Land (Assessment of Compensation) Act, 1919.
(5) Nothing in this section shall authorise the Minister to acquire, use, or otherwise interfere with compulsorily under this section any land which at the date of the first publication of notice of the intention of the Minister to consider the making of a special order in that behalf belongs to any railway, electricity, gas, or water undertaker and is used or authorised to be used by such undertaker for the purpose of his undertaking.
(6) The following provisions shall have effect in relation to any public inquiry held under this section:—
(a) the Minister shall appoint a fit and proper person to hold such inquiry;
(b) such person is hereby authorised to administer oaths to persons appearing as witnesses at such inquiry;
(c) any person interested in the subject matter of such inquiry shall be entitled to appear personally or by counsel or solicitor and to adduce evidence.
Disposal of surplus land by the Minister.
42.—(1) The Minister may at any time dispose in such manner as he thinks proper of any land acquired by him under this Act which appears to him to be no longer required by him for the performance of his duties or the exercise of his functions under this Part of this Act.
(2) Any moneys received by the Minister in respect of the disposal of land under this section shall be paid into or disposed of for the benefit of the Exchequer in such manner as the Minister for Finance may direct.
Acquisition of land by local authorities.
43.—(1) A local authority may, with the consent of the Minister for Local Government and Public Health given after consultation with the Minister, acquire land (either inside or outside the functional area of such local authority) for the purpose of this Part of this Act either by agreement or compulsorily under this Act and the Acts incorporated therewith.
(2) For the purpose of the acquisition of land by a local authority under this section, sections 203, 210, 212, 213, 214 and 215 of the Public Health (Ireland) Act, 1878, as amended by section 8 of the Public Health (Ireland) Act, 1896, and section 68 of the Local Government Act, 1925 (No. 5 of 1925), shall apply as if those sections as so amended were herein re-enacted and made applicable to such local authority with and subject to the modifications made by this Act in the procedure under the said sections.
(3) A local authority may at any time, with the consent of the Minister for Local Government and Public Health given after consultation with the Minister, sell or let by public auction or private treaty in suitable lots any land acquired by such authority
Modification of procedure for acquisition of land.
44.—Where a local authority proposes to acquire (otherwise than by agreement) land for the purposes of this Part of this Act, whether in exercise of a power conferred by a statute other than this Act or of a power expressly conferred by this Act, the advertisements mentioned in sub-section (2) of section 203 of the Public Health (Ireland) Act, 1878, may be published in any month and, in such case, the notices mentioned in the said sub-section shall be served in the month next succeeding the month in which the said advertisements are published.
Interference with right of navigation and other rights.
45.—(1) Whenever the Minister or a local authority establishes and maintains or is about to establish an aerodrome under this Part of this Act, and such aerodrome is or will be situated by the sea or any navigable inlet thereof, the Minister, after consultation with the Minister for Agriculture may, if it is in his opinion in the public interest so to do, make an order under this section limiting or prohibiting the exercise of any right of navigation and any public or private right of fishing or landing fish or any other public or private right in respect of any part of the sea or any inlet thereof or foreshore in or adjacent to such aerodrome.
(2) Whenever an order made under the next preceding sub-section of this section limits or prohibits the exercise of any private right of fishing or landing fish or any other private right in respect of any part of the sea or any inlet thereof or foreshore, the Minister shall pay compensation to the owner of or other person entitled to exercise such right and such compensation shall, in default of agreement, be fixed under and in accordance with the Acquisition of Land (Assessment of Compensation) Act, 1919.
(3) Whenever any order made under this section is for the time being in force any right to which such order relates shall be limited or prohibited in accordance with such order.
Interference with public roads and bridges.
46.—The Minister may and any local authority may, with the consent of the Minister, compulsorily divert, close, remove or otherwise interfere with any public road or bridge.
Protection of public roads and bridges.
47.—If and whenever the execution of any works under this Part of this Act involves the diversion, removal, or other interference with any public road or bridge, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) where the execution of the works involves the closing of the road or bridge to traffic the Minister or the local authority (as the case may be) shall construct and shall maintain while such road or bridge is so closed to traffic a temporary road or bridge in the same or some other convenient situation sufficient to carry traffic of such quantity and character as normally uses such road or bridge;
(b) the Minister or the local authority (as the case may be) shall at or before the completion of the works either restore the road or bridge to its former condition or construct, after consultation with the Minister for Local Government and Public Health, a new permanent road or bridge in the same or some other convenient situation sufficient to carry the like amount (in quantity and character) of traffic as the original road or bridge was able to carry and not substantially less convenient in gradient and curve than such original road or bridge;
(c) where a permanent new bridge is constructed by the Minister or by a local authority outside its own functional area, and such bridge confers substantially greater advantages on the public of the county or other borough, county, or urban district in which it is constructed, than the original bridge, by affording an improved means of communication or otherwise, the Minister shall certify the cost of such new bridge and the Minister for Local Government and Public Health shall certify what part of such cost in his opinion ought reasonably to be borne by the council of such county or other borough, county, or urban district, and thereupon a sum equal to the part so certified of such cost shall be raised by such council as part of the expenses of the maintenance of the road of which such new bridge is part and shall be paid by such council to the Minister or such local authority (as the case may be);
(d) if any doubt, dispute or question shall arise as to whether the Minister or a local authority in the construction, maintenance or restoration of any temporary or permanent road or bridge pursuant to this section has complied with the provisions of this section, or as to whether a permanent new bridge constructed by the Minister or by a local authority outside its own functional area confers substantially greater advantages on the public of the county or other borough, county, or urban district in which it is constructed than the original bridge, such doubt, dispute or question shall be decided by the Minister for Local Government and Public Health whose decision shall be conclusive and final.
Contributions by a local authority or conservancy or harbour authority to local authority maintaining an aerodrome and provisions in relation to management of such aerodrome by a joint committee.
48.—(1) Where a local authority (in this section referred to as an undertaking authority) has established and maintains or proposes to establish and maintain an aerodrome under this Part of this Act, any authority (in this section referred to as a non-undertaking authority) which is another local authority, a conservancy authority, or a harbour authority, may agree with such undertaking authority to make to such undertaking authority, on such conditions as may be agreed upon between the two authorities and subject to the provisions of this section, a contribution towards the expenses incurred by such undertaking authority in or in relation to the establishment and maintenance of such aerodrome.
(2) An agreement under this section in relation to an aerodrome may be made by two or more non-undertaking authorities with an undertaking authority.
(3) An agreement under this section made between one or more non-undertaking authorities and an undertaking authority may incorporate a scheme for the management of the aerodrome to which the agreement relates through and by a committee of such undertaking authority, and in that case such scheme shall, where there is only one non-undertaking authority party to such agreement, provide that a specified number of the members of such committee shall be nominated by that non-undertaking authority or, where there are two or more non-undertaking authorities party to such agreement, provide that a number of such members specified in respect of each non-undertaking authority shall be nominated by such non-undertaking authority, and such scheme may empower such committee to do any act (including the institution of legal proceedings) in relation to the management of such aerodrome which such undertaking authority itself could lawfully do, and may provide for the application of the provisions of section 58 of the Local Government Act, 1925 (No. 5 of 1925) to such committee as if such committee were a county authority within the meaning of that section, and for the furnishing by such undertaking authority to such committee of the moneys necessary to meet their expenses.
(4) The contribution payable by a non-undertaking authority in pursuance of an agreement made under this section shall be either a fixed annual sum or a fixed proportion of the expenses of maintaining the aerodrome to which the agreement relates or partly one and partly the other and shall be payable in such instalments and at such times as shall be set out in the agreement.
(5) No agreement made under this section shall come into force unless and until it has been sanctioned by the Minister for Local Government and Public Health.
(6) When an agreement made under this section between one or more non-undertaking authorities and an undertaking authority comes into force it shall be binding on and enforceable against each party to such agreement, and each such party and the committee of management (if any) shall have power to do all acts and to make all payments which are provided for in such agreement or in any scheme incorporated therewith.
Borrowing by local authorities.
49.—(1) The council of a county may borrow under Article 22 of the Schedule to the Local Government (Application of Enactments) Order, 1898, for the purpose of defraying any expenses incurred by such council under this Part of this Act in like manner as if such purpose were mentioned in that Article and money borrowed for any such purpose shall not be reckoned as part of the debt of such council for the purposes of any limitation on borrowing imposed by the said Article.
(2) Any local authority (other than the council of a county) may borrow under the Public Health Acts, 1878 to 1931, for the purpose of defraying any expenses incurred by such local authority under this Part of this Act as if such purpose were a purpose for which such local authority is authorised to borrow under those Acts, but money borrowed for any such purpose shall not be reckoned as part of the debt of such local authority for the purposes of any limitation on borrowing imposed by those Acts.
(3) Loans may, for the purposes of this section, be made out of the Local Loans Fund to a local authority.
Expenses of local authorities.
50.—All expenses incurred by a local authority under this Part of this Act shall be defrayed—
(a) in the case of the council of a county, by means of the poor rate raised equally over the whole of their county (exclusive of any borough or urban district included therein the council of which has made or is making contributions under the said Part in respect of an aerodrome established or about to be established in such county or in a county borough contiguous to such county);
(b) in the case of the councils of the county boroughs of Cork and Waterford, the council of a borough (other than a county borough or the borough of Dun Laoghaire) or the council of an urban district, out of any rate or fund applicable for the purposes of the Public Health (Ireland) Acts, 1878 to 1931, in like manner as if they had been incurred for the purposes of those Acts.
Expenses of conservancy and harbour authorities.
51.—All expenses incurred by a conservancy authority or a harbour authority under this Part of this Act shall be defrayed by such authority in the like manner in which other expenses of such authority are defrayed.
Appointment of officers by local authorities.
52.—Any local authority may, subject to the provisions of any enactment relating to the appointment of officers by such local authority, appoint such and so many officers as it shall think requisite for the execution of the powers conferred on it by this Part of this Act, and every officer so appointed shall be paid such remuneration as such local authority shall, with the consent of the Minister for Local Government and Public Health, determine.
Provisions in relation to land belonging to the State.
53.—(1) Nothing in this Act shall be construed as prohibiting the granting, under any Act passed (whether before or after the passing of this Act) by the Oireachtas, of a lease or licence, in respect of any land which is State land and to which such Act applies, to the Minister or a local authority or the acceptance of such lease or licence by the Minister or a local authority.
(2) The Minister may for the purposes of this Part of this Act by order enclose any State land in respect of which he is authorised by law to grant leases and licences and any such State land may be used by the Minister for any purpose for which land acquired by him under this Part of this Act may be used.
(3) In this section the expression “State land” means land which for the time being belongs to Saorstát Eireann either by virtue of Article 11 of the Constitution or by any other means (present or future) whatsoever.
Saving of rights, etc., of Minister for Posts and Telegraphs.
54.—Nothing in this Act shall deprive the Minister for Posts and Telegraphs of any rights and remedies under the Telegraph Acts, 1863 to 1928, or any statutory adaptation thereof or substitution therefor made by or under the authority of the Oireachtas.
PART VI.
Trespass and Nuisance by Aircraft, and Dangerous Flying.
Restrictions on actions for damages in respect of trespass or nuisance by aircraft.
55.—No action shall lie in respect of trespass or in respect of nuisance, by reason only of the flight of aircraft over any property at a height above the ground, which, having regard to wind, weather and all the circumstances of the case is reasonable, or the ordinary incidents of the flight, so long as the provisions of Part II of this Act and any order made under the said Part II and any regulations made by virtue of any such order are duly complied with.
Penalty for dangerous flying.
56.—(1) Where an aircraft is flown in such a manner as to be the cause of unnecessary danger to any person or property on land or water, the pilot or the person in charge of such aircraft and also (if such pilot or person in charge is not the owner of such aircraft) such owner shall each be severally guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding two hundred pounds or, at the discretion of the Court, either to imprisonment for any term not exceeding six months or to both such fine and imprisonment.
(2) In this section the word “owner” in relation to an aircraft includes any person to whom the aircraft is hired at the time of the offence.
(3) Where a person charged with an offence under this section is the owner and is not the pilot or in charge of the aircraft in respect of which such offence is alleged to have been committed, it shall be a good defence for such person to prove that on the occasion on which such offence is alleged to have been committed such aircraft was being flown without his actual fault or privity.
(4) The provisions of this section shall be in addition to and not in derogation of any order made under Part II of this Act or any regulations made by virtue of any such order.
PART VII.
Administrative and Miscellaneous Provisions
Wreck and salvage.
57.—(1) Any services rendered in assisting, or in saving life from, or in saving the cargo or apparel of, an aircraft in, on, or over the sea or any tidal water, or on or over the shores of the sea or any tidal water, shall be deemed to be salvage services in all cases in which they would have been salvage services if they had been rendered in relation to a vessel; and where salvage services are rendered by an aircraft to any property or person, the owner of the aircraft shall be entitled to the same reward for those services as he would have been entitled to if the aircraft had been a vessel.
The preceding provisions of this sub-section shall have effect notwithstanding that the aircraft concerned is a foreign aircraft, and notwithstanding that the services in question are rendered elsewhere than within the limits of the territorial waters of Saorstát Eireann.
(2) The Executive Council may by order direct that any provisions of any Act for the time being in force which relate to wreck, to salvage of life of property, or to the duty of rendering assistance to vessels in distress shall, with such exceptions, adaptations, and modifications, if any, as may be specified in the order, apply in relation to aircraft as those provisions apply in relation to vessels and any such order shall have the force of law in Saorstát Eireann.
(3) For the purposes of this section, any provisions of an Act which relate to vessels laid by or neglected as unfit for sea service shall be deemed to be provisions relating to wreck, and the expression “Act” shall be deemed to include any local or special Act and any provisions of the Harbours, Docks, and Piers Clauses Act, 1847, as incorporated with any local or special Act, whenever passed.
(4) Any order, made by virtue of section 11 of the Air Navigation Act, 1920, and in force in Saorstát Eireann immediately before the date of the passing of this Act shall be deemed to be made under this section and may accordingly be amended or revoked by an order made under this section and until so revoked and subject to any such amendment shall continue in force.
Application to seaplanes of certain provisions of the Merchant Shipping Acts, relating to collisions at sea and signals of distress.
58.—(1) The power conferred by sub-section (1) of section 418 of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1894, to make regulations for the prevention of collisions at sea shall include power to make regulations for the prevention of collisions at sea—
(a) between seaplanes on the surface of the water, and
(b) between vessels and seaplanes on the surface of the water;
and accordingly the said section 418, and sections 419, 421 and 424 of the said Act, as amended by any subsequent enactment, shall apply in relation to seaplanes on the surface of the water as they apply in relation to ships or vessels, subject however to the following modifications, that is to say:—
(i) for the purpose of sub-section (2) of the said section 418, and for the purposes of the said section 424, sections 418, 419, 421, and 424 of the said Act shall be deemed to be the only provisions of Part V of the said Act relating to collision regulations or otherwise relating to collisions, and
(ii) any references in the said section 419 to the master or to the person in charge of the deck shall be construed as references to the pilot or other person on duty in charge of the seaplane.
(2) The power conferred by sub-section (1) of section 25 of the Merchant Shipping (Safety and Load Lines Conventions) Act, 1933 (No. 42 of 1933), to prescribe what signals shall be signals, of distress and urgency shall include power to prescribe what signals shall be signals of distress and urgency in the case of seaplanes on the surface of the water; and accordingly the said section 25 shall apply in relation to seaplanes on the surface of the water as it applies in relation to ships or vessels, subject however to the modification that the reference in sub-section (3) of the said section 25 to the master shall be construed as a reference to the pilot or other person on duty in charge of the seaplane.
(3) In this section the word “vessels” has the same meaning as in the Merchant Shipping Act, 1894.
(4) For the purposes of this and the next following section seaplanes taking off from, or alighting on, the water shall be deemed to be on the surface of the water while in contact therewith.
Power of conservancy and harbour authorities to make bye-laws for regulation of seaplanes when on the surface of the water.
59.—(1) Any enactment which confers or imposes on a conservancy authority or a harbour authority any power or duty to make bye-laws for the regulation of ships or vessels shall be construed and have effect as if the power or duty so conferred or imposed included a power or duty to make bye-laws for the regulation of seaplanes when on the surface of the water, and also a power to include in the bye-laws provisions authorising the harbour master or other officer of the authority to exercise, as respects seaplanes on the surface of the water, all or any of the functions which he is authorised by such enactment to exercise as respects ships or vessels, subject however to this restriction, namely, that such bye-laws shall not in any circumstances require, or authorise a harbour master or other officer to require, the dismantling of a seaplane or any part thereof or the making of any alteration whatever of the structure or equipment of a seaplane.
(2) Where any enactment, whether by virtue of the immediately preceding sub-section or otherwise, confers or imposes on a conservancy authority or a harbour authority a power or duty to make bye-laws for the regulation of seaplanes when on the surface of the water, or to include in the bye-laws any such provisions as are mentioned in the said sub-section, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) in case such enactment does not provide that the bye-laws shall not come into force unless they have been confirmed or approved by some Minister and does not provide that the bye-laws shall be allowed or approved by a court or judge, any such bye-laws made after the date of the passing of this Act in relation to seaplanes shall not come into force unless and until they have been confirmed by the Minister;
(b) in case such enactment provides that the bye-laws shall not come into force unless they have been allowed or approved by a court or judge, the conservancy authority or harbour authority shall, before making application to that court or judge for the allowance of the bye-laws, forward a copy thereof to the Minister, and the court or judge shall, before allowing or approving the bye-laws, take into consideration any representations made with respect thereto by or on behalf of the Minister;
(3) In this section—
the expression “enactment” includes any provisional order for the time being in force (whether or not it has been confirmed by an Act);
the word “bye-laws” includes rules and regulations.
Investigation of accidents.
60.—(1) The Minister may by order make regulations providing for the investigation of any accident arising out of or in the course of air navigation and occurring in or over Saorstát Eireann or to Saorstát Eireann aircraft elsewhere.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the provisions of the immediately preceding sub-section, regulations under this section may contain provisions—
(a) requiring notice to be given of any such accident as aforesaid in such manner and by such persons as may be specified in the regulations;
(b) applying, with or without modification, for the purpose of investigations held with respect to any such accidents any of the provisions of section 3 of the Notice of Accidents Act, 1894;
(c) prohibiting, pending investigation, access to or interference with aircraft to which an accident has occurred, and authorising any person, so far as may be necessary for the purposes of an investigation, to have access to, examine, remove, take measures for the preservation of, or otherwise deal with any such aircraft;
(d) authorising or requiring the cancellation, suspension, endorsement, or surrender of any licence or certificate granted under this Act or any order made thereunder, where it appears on an investigation that the licence ought to be cancelled, suspended, endorsed, or surrendered, and for the production of any such licence for the purpose of being so dealt with.
(3) Nothing in this section shall limit the powers of any authority under sections 530 to 537, inclusive, of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1894, or any enactment (including this Act) amending those sections.
(4) If any person acts in contravention (whether by omission or commission) of any regulations under this section, he shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding fifty pounds or, at the discretion of the court, imprisonment for a term not exceeding three months.
(5) Any regulations made by the Minister under section 12 of the Air Navigation Act, 1920, and in force immediately before the date of the passing of this Act, shall be deemed to be made under this section and may be amended or revoked by regulations made under this section, and until so revoked and subject to any such amendment shall continue in force.
Infringement of patents.
61.—(1) Where it is alleged by any person interested that a foreign aircraft making a passage through or over Saorstát Eireann infringes in itself or in any part of it any invention, design or model which is entitled to protection in Saorstát Eireann, it shall be lawful, subject to and in accordance with Rules of Court, to detain such aircraft until the owner thereof deposits or secures in respect of the alleged infringement a sum (in this section called the deposited sum), and thereupon the aircraft shall not, during the continuance or in the course of the passage, be subject to any lien, arrest, detention or prohibition, whether by order of a court or otherwise, in respect or on account of the alleged infringement.
(2) The deposited sum shall be such a sum as may be agreed between the parties interested, or in default of agreement shall be fixed by the Minister or some person duly authorised on his behalf, and payment thereof shall be made or secured to him in such manner as he shall approve, and the deposited sum shall be dealt with by such tribunal and in accordance with such procedure as may be appointed by Rules of Court, and such rules may provide generally for carrying this section into effect.
(3) In this section—
the word “owner” shall include the actual owner of an aircraft, and any person claiming through or under him;
the word “passage” shall include all reasonable landings and stoppages in the course of a passage.
Jurisdiction.
62.—(1) Any offence under this Act or under an order or regulations made thereunder, and any offence whatever committed on a Saorstát Eireann aircraft, shall, for the purpose of conferring jurisdiction, be deemed to have been committed in any place where the offender may for the time being be.
(2) The Minister for Justice may by order make provision as to the courts in which proceedings may be taken for enforcing any claim under this Act, or any other claim in respect of aircraft, and in particular may provide for conferring jurisdiction in any such proceedings on any court exercising Admiralty jurisdiction and applying to such proceedings any rules of practice or procedure applicable to proceedings in Admiralty.
(3) The Minister for Justice may by order under this sub-section revoke or amend any order made by him under this section including an order under this sub-section.
(4) The Minister for Justice shall before making any order under this section consult with the Chief Justice in regard thereto.
(5) Any order made under sub-section (2) of section 14 of the Air Navigation Act, 1920, and in force in Saorstát Eireann immediately before the date of the passing of this Act shall be deemed to be made under this section and may accordingly be revoked or amended by an order under this section, and until so revoked and subject to any such amendment shall continue in force.
Detention of aircraft.
63.—The Executive Council may by order provide for the detention of aircraft to secure compliance with any of the provisions of this Act or any order or regulation made under or by virtue of this Act, or to prevent aircraft from flying when unfit to fly and every such order shall have the force of law in Saorstát Eireann.
Enforcing detention of aircraft.
64.—(1) Where under this Act an aircraft is to be or may be detained, any authorised person may detain such aircraft.
(2) If an aircraft, after detention or after service on the pilot of any notice or order for detention, takes off or attempts to take off before it is released by competent authority, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) the pilot and also the owner and any person who causes the aircraft to take off, or to attempt to take off shall each severally be guilty of an offence under this section;
(b) if such aircraft when so taking off has on board in the execution of his duty an authorised officer, the owner and pilot of such aircraft shall each severally be guilty of an offence under this section, and shall, if guilty of such offence, also be liable to pay to the Minister all expenses of and incidental to such officer being so taken on such aircraft.
(3) Where a person charged with an offence under this section is not the pilot of the aircraft in respect of which such offence is alleged to have been committed, it shall be a good defence for such person to prove that on the occasion on which such offence is alleged to have been committed he was not a party nor privy to the taking off or attempted taking off of such aircraft.
(4) Any expenses payable to the Minister under sub-section (2) may be recovered by the Minister as a simple contract debt in a court of competent jurisdiction.
(5) Every person guilty of an offence under this section shall be liable on summary (conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding one hundred pounds.
(6) Each of the following shall be an authorised officer for the purposes of this section, that is to say:—
(a) a commissioned officer of the Defence Forces of Saorstát Eireann;
(b) an officer of the Minister;
(c) an officer of customs and excise;
(d) any person authorised by the Minister in that behalf.
Other provisions in relation to detained aircraft.
65.—(1) Where under this Act or any order or regulation made thereunder an aircraft is to be detained, an officer of customs and excise shall, and where under this Act an aircraft may be detained, an officer of customs and excise may refuse to clear that aircraft outwards or to grant a transire to such aircraft.
(2) Where any provision of this Act or any order or regulation made thereunder provides that an aircraft may be detained until any document is produced to the proper officer of customs and excise, the proper officer shall mean, unless the context otherwise requires, the officer able to grant a clearance or transire to such aircraft.
Information as to air transport undertakings and use of customs aerodromes.
66.—(1) The Minister may by order make regulations in relation to all or any of the following matters, that is to say:—
(a) subject to the provisions of sub-section (1) of this section, for requiring any person—
(i) who carries on the business of carrying passengers or goods in aircraft for hire or reward on such journeys or classes of journeys (whether beginning and ending at the same point or at different points) as may be specified in such regulations, or
(ii) who is the holder of a licence in respect of a customs aerodrome,
to furnish to such authorities as may be specified in such regulations such information relating to the use of aircraft for the purposes of his said business and to the persons employed in connection with that use or, as the case may be, relating to the use of the aerodrome and to the persons employed in aircraft arriving thereat or departing therefrom as may be prescribed by such regulations;
(b) for requiring the owner, or the pilot or other person in charge, of any aircraft arriving at, or departing from, any customs aerodrome to furnish to the holder of the licence in respect of that aerodrome such information as may be necessary to enable the holder of the said licence to comply with such provisions of such regulations as relate to him;
(c) for prescribing the times at which, and the form and manner in which any information required under such regulations is to be furnished.
(2) A person carrying on any such business as is mentioned in clause (i) of paragraph (a) of the immediately preceding sub-section shall not be required by regulations made under this section to furnish information relating to the use of aircraft on journeys wholly outside Saorstát Eireann or relating to persons exclusively employed outside Saorstát Eireann unless the person carrying on the business is—
(i) a citizen of Saorstát Eireann resident in Saorstát Eireann, or
(ii) a person who is exempted from the application of the Aliens Act, 1935 (No. 14 of 1935), by virtue of an order made under section 10 of the said Act, and is resident in Saorstát Eireann, or
(iii) a body corporate incorporated under the law of Saorstát Eireann.
(3) If any person contravenes (whether by omission or commission) any regulation made under this section, such person shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding twenty pounds and in the case of a continuing offence a further fine not exceeding five pounds for each day during which the offence is continued.
(4) In this section the expression “customs aerodrome” means an aerodrome for the time being approved, in pursuance of an order made under Part II of this Act and for the time being in force, as a place of landing and departure of aircraft for the purposes of the enactments relating to customs.
Conveyance of mails.
67.—Section 2 of the Conveyance of Mails Act, 1893, shall apply to every service by air for the public carriage of passengers and goods carried on by any person, subject to the following modifications, that is to say:—
(a) references to a tramway company shall be construed as references to any such person,
(b) references to a tramway shall be construed as references to any such service,
(c) references to carriage shall be construed as references to aircraft,
(d) the references in the said section 2 to the Railway and Canal Commission shall be construed as references to the Railway Tribunal.
PART VIII.
The Company, Subsidiary Companies and Aer Lingus, Teoranta.
Formation and registration of the Company.
68.—As soon as may be after the passing of this Act the Minister for Finance shall, after consultation with the Minister, take all such steps as appear to him to be necessary or desirable to procure that a limited company (in this Act referred to as the Company) conforming to the conditions laid down in the Second Schedule to this Act shall be formed and registered in Saorstát Eireann under the Companies Acts, 1908 to 1924.
Loan to Company to pay expenses of formation.
69.—(1) The Minister for Finance may out of moneys provided by the Oireachtas lend to the Company upon such terms and conditions as to time and manner of repayment, rate of interest, security and other matters whatsoever as he shall think proper, a sum not exceeding five thousand pounds.
(2) Any moneys lent to the Company under this section shall be applied by the Company in or towards paying the expenses of the promotion, formation and registration of the Company and the other preliminary expenses of the Company, and for no other purposes.
(3) All sums paid to the Minister for Finance by the Company in or towards repayment of any moneys lent to the Company under this section or in payment of the interest on such moneys shall be paid into the Exchequer.
Issue of share capital of the Company.
70.—No issue of the share capital of the Company (other than share capital issued to subscribers of the Memorandum of Association of the Company) shall be made at any time, unless the Minister for Finance, after consultation with the Minister, has authorised such issue.
Acquisition of shares by Minister for Finance by subscription.
71.—The Minister for Finance may from time to time take up by subscription any class or classes of shares of the Company, but the total amount of shares so taken up shall not exceed (in nominal value) the sum of one million pounds.
Underwriting by the Minister for Finance of issue of shares.
72.—The Minister for Finance may, subject to such conditions as he may think fit, agree with the Company that, if any shares in the Company about to be offered at any time for subscription are not within a specified time taken up by the public, he will take up and pay for such shares or some specified proportion thereof.
Powers of the Minister for Finance as shareholder.
73.—The Minister for Finance may, so long as he holds any of the shares of the Company, exercise all or any of the rights and powers from time to time exercisable by the holder of such shares, and where such rights or powers are exercisable by attorney the said Minister may, if he so thinks proper, exercise such rights or powers by his attorney.
Powers of Minister for Finance in respect of shares held by him.
74.—(1) The Minister for Finance may hold for as long as he thinks fit any shares of the Company acquired by him under this Act and may as and when he thinks fit sell all or any of such shares.
(2) The net proceeds of every sale by the Minister for Finance of shares of the Company held by him shall be paid into or disposed of for the benefit of the Exchequer in such manner as he may direct.
State guarantee of debentures of the Company.
75.—Whenever the Company proposes to issue any debentures the Minister for Finance may, if he thinks fit, guarantee, in such form and manner as he may think proper, the due payment by the Company in accordance with the terms of such debentures of the principal moneys and interest secured by such debentures.
Advance of moneys out of the Central Fund.
76.—(1) All moneys from time to time required by the Minister for Finance—
(a) to meet payments required to be made by him to the Company in respect of any shares subscribed for or taken up by him under this Act, or
(b) to meet sums which become payable under any guarantee given by him under this Act in respect of moneys secured by debentures issued by the Company,
shall be advanced out of the Central Fund or the growing produce thereof.
(2) For the purpose of providing money for the sums advanced out of the Central Fund under this section, the Minister for Finance may borrow from any person any sum or sums, and for the purpose of such borrowing the said Minister may create and issue securities bearing such rate of interest, and subject to such conditions as to repayment, redemption or otherwise as he shall think fit.
(3) The principal and interest of any securities issued under this section and the expenses incurred in connection with the issue of such securities shall be charged on the Central Fund or the growing produce thereof.
(4) Any money raised by securities issued under this section shall be placed to the credit of the account of the Exchequer and shall form part of the Central Fund and be available in any manner in which such Fund is available.
(5) Any moneys advanced out of the Central Fund or the growing produce thereof for the purposes mentioned in paragraph (b) of sub-section (1) of this section shall be repaid to the Central Fund (with interest thereon at such rates as the Minister for Finance shall appoint) by the Company in such amounts and at such times as the said Minister shall appoint, and if and so far as any such moneys are not repaid by the Company to the Central Fund, such sums shall be repaid to the Central Fund out of moneys provided by the Oireachtas.
Payments of dividends, etc., into the Exchequer.
77.—All dividends, bonus and other moneys received by the Minister for Finance in respect of shares of the company held by him shall be paid into the Exchequer.
Alteration of Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Company.
78.—Notwithstanding anything contained in the Companies Acts, 1908 to 1924, no alteration in the Memorandum of Association or Articles of Association of the Company shall, so long as the Minister for Finance holds any shares of the Company, be valid or effectual unless made with the previous approval of the Minister for Finance given after consultation with the Minister.
Subsidies.
79.—(1) The Minister for Finance may, subject to the provisions of this section, from time to time by order authorise the payment of subsidies to the company on such terms and conditions as may be specified in such order.
(2) Every order made under this section shall be laid before Dáil Eireann as soon as may be after it is made, but shall not come into force unless—
(a) such order is confirmed by resolution of Dáil Eireann, or
(b) a period of twenty-one days on which Dáil Eireann has sat after such order was so laid before it has elapsed and a resolution annulling such order has not been passed by Dáil Eireann within the said period.
(3) The aggregate amount which may be authorised to be paid to the Company by any orders made under this section shall not exceed five hundred thousand pounds, and no such order may be made after the expiration of five years from the date of the passing of this Act.
(4) Where an order made under this section has come into force any moneys required for payment of the subsidy specified in such order shall be paid out of moneys provided by the Oireachtas.
Loan by the Company to Aer Lingus, Teoranta.
80.—(1) As soon as may be after the registration of the Company, the Company may, with the consent of the Minister for Finance, lend to Aer Lingus, Teoranta, such sum as the Minister for Finance shall certify to be sufficient to discharge any liabilities which Aer Lingus, Teoranta, may have incurred and are then unsatisfied.
(2) The following provisions shall have effect in relation to the repayment of any sum lent by the Company to Aer Lingus, Teoranta, under this section, that is to say:—
(a) such sum shall be so repaid in such one of the following ways as the Minister for Finance may direct, that is to say:—
(i) by the issue of debentures of an amount equal to such sum,
(ii) by the issue of shares of a nominal amount equal to such sum,
(iii) as to part of such sum, by the issue of debentures of an amount equal to such part and, as to the remainder of such sum, by the issue of shares of a nominal amount equal to such remainder;
(b) where any debentures are so issuable such debentures shall carry such rate of interest as the said Minister shall direct, and
(c) where any shares are so issuable such shares or any part thereof may as the said Minister directs be shares having priority over ordinary shares and in such case shall carry such rate of dividend as the said Minister shall direct.
Obligation to furnish balance sheets etc., to the Minister for Finance.
81.—(1) Each company to which this section applies shall within ninety days after the end of every accounting year furnish to the Minister for Finance a balance sheet for such accounting year duly audited by the auditor of such company, and also a profit and loss account for the same accounting year similarly audited.
(2) The balance sheet and profit and loss account to be furnished by each company to which this section applies shall be drawn up in such manner as shall be prescribed by regulations made under this section, and such balance sheet shall contain (in addition to any matter required by such regulations) a summary of the capital, assets and liabilities of such company, together with such particulars as will disclose the nature of such assets and liabilities and the manner in which the value of the assets was arrived at.
(3) Each company to which this section applies shall on demand furnish to the Minister for Finance such explanations as the said Minister shall think proper to require in respect of any balance sheet or profit and loss account furnished pursuant to this section.
(4) A copy of every balance sheet and profit and loss account furnished to the Minister for Finance pursuant to this section shall be laid by him before Dáil Eireann within one month after such balance sheet and profit and loss account are so furnished to him.
(5) Each company to which this section applies shall whenever and so often as the Minister for Finance may require furnish to the said Minister such particulars as he may require in respect of the activities of such company.
(6) The Company shall whenever and so often as the Minister for Finance may require, furnish to the said Minister such particulars (being particulars within the power, possession or procurement of the Company) as he may require in relation to any undertaking (other than Aer Lingus, Teoranta, or a subsidiary company) in which it may hold an interest.
(7) If the Company, or Aer Lingus, Teoranta, or any subsidiary company makes default in complying with the obligations imposed on it by this section, the Company, or Aer Lingus, Teoranta, or such subsidiary company (as the case may be), and every director, manager or other officer thereof who knowingly and wilfully authorised or permitted such default, shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding five pounds for every day during which the default continues.
(8) The Minister for Finance may by order make regulations prescribing any matter referred to in this section as prescribed by regulations made under this section.
(9) This section applies to—
(a) the Company;
(b) Aer Lingus, Teoranta;
(c) every subsidiary company.
(10) An offence under this or the next following section may be prosecuted by or at the suit of the Minister for Finance as prosecutor.
Inspection of books and documents of the Company, Aer Lingus, Teoranta, and subsidiary companies.
82.—(1) An inspector shall be entitled to enter the premises of any company to which this section applies and inspect any books or documents in such premises.
(2) If any person—
(a) impedes or obstructs an inspector in the exercise of any of the powers conferred on an inspector by this section; or
(b) fails to produce any such books or documents as aforesaid; such person shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding fifty pounds.
(3) In this section the word “inspector” means a person authorised in writing by the Minister for Finance to exercise the powers conferred on an inspector by this section.
(4) This section applies to—
(a) the Company;
(b) Aer Lingus, Teoranta;
(c) every subsidiary company.
Non-application of Control of Manufactures Acts, 1932 and 1934.
83.—The Control of Manufactures Acts, 1932 and 1934, shall not apply in respect of any act or thing done by the Company, Aer Lingus, Teoranta, or any subsidiary company.
PART IX.
Restriction on Services for Internal Carriage by Air of Passengers and Goods.
Restriction on carriage by air of passengers and goods between places within Saorstát Eireann.
84.—(1) It shall not be lawful for any person to carry on an internal air service unless—
(a) such person is the Company, or Aer Lingus, Teoranta, or a, subsidiary company, or
(b) such person is granted by the Minister under this section permission to carry on such service, and such service is carried on under and in accordance with such permission.
(2) If any person acts in contravention of this section such person shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding one hundred pounds and in the case of a continuing offence a further fine not exceeding ten pounds for each day during which the offence is continued.
(3) The Minister may, if he thinks fit, grant to a person who is for the time being authorised to establish an international service permission in writing to carry on an internal air service, subject to a condition that such internal service shall be carried on only by means of aircraft operating such international service and such other conditions as the Minister thinks proper.
(4) In this section the expression “internal air service” means a service by air for the public carriage of passengers, and goods or any of them originating at and destined for places within Saorstát Eireann.
PART X.
Control and Regulation of Certain Classes of Aviation Business.
Definitions for purposes of Part X.
85.—(1) In this Part of this Act—
the expression “aviation (private hire) business” means the business of hiring out for reward aircraft, for the purpose of the carriage of passengers or goods, under a contract whereby the aircraft is chartered as a whole for a particular journey or journeys, as specified in the journey log book of such aircraft, irrespective of the number of passengers or the quantity of goods to be carried;
the expression “aviation (pleasure flights) business” means the business of giving for reward pleasure flights in aircraft beginning and ending, without landing in the course of the flight, at the same aerodrome;
the expression “aviation (instruction) business” means the business of giving for reward instruction in aviation.
(2) For the purposes of this Act an aviation (private hire) business, an aviation (pleasure flights) business, and an aviation (instruction) business shall each constitute a separate class of aviation business.
The appointed day for the purposes of Part X.
86.—(1) The Minister may by order appoint a day to be the appointed day for the purposes of this Part of this Act.
(2) In this Part of this Act the expression “the appointed day” means the day appointed by the Minister under this section to be the appointed day for the purposes of this Part of this Act.
Prohibition of carrying on aviation business of a class to which Part X applies by unlicensed persons.
87.—(1) On and after the appointed day it shall not be lawful for any person, in the course of an aviation (private hire) business carried on by him, to carry by any aircraft in Saorstát Eireann any passenger or goods, unless—
(a) such person is the holder of a licence (in this Part of this Act referred to as an aviation business licence) granted under this Part of this Act, authorising him to carry on such business, or
(b) such aircraft—
(i) started its journey from a place outside Saorstát Eireann, and
(ii) was privately chartered as a whole, and
(iii) does not, while in Saorstát Eireann, carry for reward any passengers, other than some or all of the passengers it carried on its first landing in Saorstát Eireann.
(2) On and after the appointed day it shall not be lawful for any person, in the course of an aviation (pleasure flights) business carried on by him, to carry by air in Saorstát Eireann any passenger unless such person is the holder of a licence (in this Part of this Act also referred to as an aviation business licence) granted under this Part of this Act authorising him to carry on such business.
(3) On and after the appointed day it shall not be lawful for any person, in the course of an aviation (instruction) business carried on by him, to carry by air in Saorstát Eireann any other person, unless such first-mentioned person is the holder of a licence (in this Part of this Act also referred to as an aviation business licence) granted under this Part of this Act authorising him to carry on such business.
(4) Every person who acts in contravention of this section shall be guilty of an offence under this section, and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding one hundred pounds, and in the case of a continuing offence, a further fine not exceeding ten pounds for every day during which the offence is continued.
(5) A certificate purporting to be signed by an officer of the Minister and to certify that on a specified day or days or during the whole of a specified period a specified person was not the holder of an aviation business licence in respect of a specified class of aviation business shall, without proof of the signature of the person purporting to sign such certificate or that he was an officer of the Minister, be evidence until the contrary is proved of such of the matters aforesaid as are purported to be certified in and by such certificate.
Application for aviation business licences.
88.—(1) Any person may apply to the Minister for an aviation business licence authorising him to carry on a specified class of aviation business.
(2) Every application for an aviation business licence shall be in the prescribed form and contain the prescribed particulars.
Grant of aviation business licence.
89.—Whenever any person applies to the Minister under and in accordance with the immediately preceding section for an aviation business licence in respect of a particular class of aviation business the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) in case such person satisfies the Minister that he was on the 1st day of January, 1936, carrying on in Saorstát Eireann a business of a class similar to that in respect of which such application relates, the Minister shall grant such licence to such person, and
(b) in every other case, the Minister may, in his absolute discretion either grant or refuse to grant such licence.
Operation of aviation business licence.
90.—Every aviation business licence in respect of a particular class of aviation business shall be expressed and operate to authorise the person who is for the time being the licensee under such licence to carry on the aviation business of that class, but subject to the provisions of this Act and any orders or regulations made thereunder, and to the conditions (if any) attached to such licence.
Attachment of conditions to aviation business licence.
91.—(1) Whenever the Minister grants an aviation business licence, he may attach to such licence any conditions that he may think proper, and in particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, conditions as to all or any of the following matters, that is to say:—
(a) the limitation of the area in relation to which the class of business to which such licence relates is to be carried on,
(b) wages and conditions of employment of the employees of such business, and
(c) the employment of citizens of Saorstát Eireann and the use of Saorstát Eireann manufactures in connection with such business.
(2) Whenever the Minister attaches any conditions to an aviation business licence he shall specify such conditions in such licence.
Amendment of conditions of aviation business licence.
92.—(1) The Minister may, if he so thinks fit, on the application of the holder of an aviation business licence, amend (whether by addition, omission or variation) the conditions attached to such licence.
(2) The Minister may on his own motion amend (whether by addition, omission or variation) in such manner as he thinks fit the conditions attached to an aviation business licence.
(3) Whenever the Minister proposes to amend, in exercise of the power conferred on him by the immediately preceding sub-section, the conditions attached to an aviation business licence, he shall cause a notice to be served by post on the licensee under such licence specifying the amended conditions which are to attach to such licence and upon service of such notice the said amended conditions shall attach to such licence.
Breach of conditions attached to aviation business licence.
93.—If any person who is the licensee under an aviation business licence fails, neglects, or refuses to observe or comply with any of the conditions attached to such licence, such person shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding twenty pounds and in the case of a continuing offence a further fine not exceeding five pounds for every day during which the offence is continued.
Commencement and duration of aviation business licence.
94.—(1) Every aviation business licence shall specify the date on which it commences and every such licence shall commence on the date so specified.
(2) Every aviation business licence shall (unless it previously lapses or is revoked under this Part of this Act) continue in force for a period of twelve months from the date on which it commenced and shall then expire unless it is renewed under this Part of this Act.
Application for renewal of aviation business licence.
95.—(1) Every person who is the licensee under an aviation business licence which is in force (whether by virtue of the original grant or of a renewal of such licence) may, within the prescribed time and while such licence continues so in force, apply to the Minister for a renewal of such licence.
(2) Every application for the renewal of an aviation business licence shall be made in the prescribed form and shall contain the prescribed particulars.
Grant of renewal of aviation business licence.
96.—(1) The Minister may refuse an application for a renewal of an aviation business licence on one or more of the following grounds, but on no other ground, that is to say:—
(a) on the ground that in his opinion there was, during the currency of the licence or of the last renewal thereof, a breach of or a failure to observe or comply with one or more of the conditions attached to such licence;
(b) on the ground that in his opinion there was, during such currency, a breach of or a failure to observe or comply with the provisions of this Act or of any orders or regulations made thereunder;
(c) on the ground that the licensee under such licence has, during such currency, been convicted of an offence (whether under this or any other Act) in relation to the aviation business to which such licence relates or to the aircraft used therein.
(2) Whenever the Minister grants a renewal of an aviation business licence, the Minister may amend (whether by addition, omission or variation) in such manner as he thinks proper the conditions attached to such licence.
Duration of renewal of aviation business licence.
97.—Every renewal of an aviation business licence shall commence immediately upon the expiration of the licence or of the renewal of the licence (as the case may be) of which it is a renewal and shall (unless it previously lapses or is revoked under this Act) continue in force for a period of twelve months from the date on which it commenced.
Revocation of aviation business licence.
98.—(1) The Minister may at any time revoke an aviation business licence upon the application of the licensee thereunder.
(2) The Minister may at any time on his own motion and at his absolute discretion revoke or suspend for such time as he shall think proper an aviation business licence on any ground on which he is authorised by this Part of this Act to refuse an application for the renewal of such licence.
(3) The Minister may at any time on his own motion and at his absolute discretion revoke an aviation business licence if he is satisfied that such licence was obtained by fraud or misrepresentation.
Transfer of aviation business licence.
99.—(1) An aviation business licence shall not be transferable by the licensee thereunder or by operation of law to any other person.
(2) Whenever the ownership of an aviation business has been transferred, whether by act of the parties or operation of law, from the licensee under the aviation business licence relating to such business to another person, the Minister, if he so thinks proper, may, on the application of such person, transfer such licence to such person.
(3) Every application for the transfer of an aviation business licence under this section shall be made in the prescribed form and contain the prescribed particulars.
(4) Where an aviation business licence is transferred under this section such licence shall be deemed to have been transferred as on the date on which the business to which such licence relates was transferred.
Death of licensee under aviation business licence.
100.—Whenever the licensee under an aviation business licence dies, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(a) the aviation business to which such licence relates may be carried on under such licence until the happening of whichever of the following events first happens, that is to say, the grant of probate of the will or letters of administration of the personal estate of the licensee, or the expiration of such licence, or the expiration of three months from the death of such licensee;
(b) the said aviation business may, while such licence is in force, be carried on by the personal representative of such licensee until the expiration of six months from the death of such licensee or the expiration of such licence, whichever first happens;
(c) the personal representative of such licensee may apply to the Minister for a renewal or a transfer (as the circumstances may require) of such licence to himself and upon such application being made the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—
(i) if such application is for a renewal, the Minister may refuse such application but only on a ground upon which he would be authorised by this Act to refuse the application if such licensee had survived and had himself made the application;
(ii) if such application is for a transfer, the Minister shall grant such application.
Furnishing of information and verification by applicants for grant, renewal and transfer of aviation business licences.
101.—(1) Every person who applies under this Part of this Act for a grant, renewal or transfer of an aviation business licence shall, when required by the Minister so to do, furnish to the Minister all such information as the Minister may require for the consideration of such application.
(2) The Minister may require any statement of fact made in an application for the grant, renewal or transfer of an aviation business licence or made to the Minister in response to a request for information under the next preceding sub-section to be verified by the statutory declaration of some person having personal knowledge of the fact so stated.
(3) If any person fails to furnish any information or any verification which he is required by the Minister under this section to furnish, the Minister may, on the ground of such failure and without prejudice to any other power of refusal conferred on him by this Part of this Act, refuse the application in relation to which such information or verification is so required.
Fees on grant, etc., of aviation business licence.
102.—(1) There shall be paid to the Minister on every application under this Part of this Act for the grant, renewal, or transfer of an aviation business licence a fee of such amount as may be from time to time fixed by the Minister, with the consent of the Minister for Finance, and the payment of such fee (which shall be retained whether the application is or is not granted) shall be a condition precedent to the consideration of such application.
(2) Different fees may be fixed in respect of grants, renewals and transfers respectively of aviation business licences and in respect of aviation business licences authorising the carrying on of different classes of aviation businesses.
Accounts and returns by licensees under aviation business licences.
103.—(1) The Minister may, by regulation made by him under this Act, prescribe the accounts to be kept by every person carrying on an aviation business under an aviation business licence and also the statements of accounts, returns of traffic, and other returns to be furnished periodically by every such person to the Minister and the times and occasions at which such returns are to be so furnished.
(2) The Minister may, by the conditions attached to an aviation business licence, require the licensee under such licence to keep accounts or make returns differing (whether by addition, omission, or variation) from the accounts or returns prescribed by regulations made under this Part of this Act, and where any such condition is attached to an aviation business licence, the said regulations shall have effect in respect of the licensee under such licence subject to such condition.
(3) The Minister may publish, as and when he thinks proper, all or any returns made to him under this section and also statistics compiled by him from such returns.
(4) Every person who shall fail to keep the accounts or make the returns which he is required by regulations made under this Act or by a condition attached to an aviation business licence to keep or make shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding twenty pounds and, in the case of a continuing offence, a further fine not exceeding one pound for every day during which the offence continues.
FIRST SCHEDULE.
International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage by Air.
Chapter 1.—Scope—Definitions.
Article 1.
(1) The present Convention shall apply to all international carriage of persons, luggage or goods performed by aircraft for reward. It shall apply equally to gratuitous carriage by aircraft performed by an air transport undertaking.
(2) The expression “international carriage” within the meaning of the present Convention shall be any carriage in which, according to the contract made by the parties, the place of departure and the place of destination, whether or not there be a break in the carriage or a transhipment, are situated either within the territories of two High Contracting Parties, or within the territory of a single High Contracting Party, if there is an agreed stopping place within a territory subject to the sovereignty, suzerainty, mandate or authority of another Power, even though that Power is not a party to this Convention. A carriage without such an agreed stopping place between territories subject to the sovereignty, suzerainty, mandate or authority of the same High Contracting Party shall not be deemed to be international for the purposes of the present Convention.
(3) A carriage to be performed by several successive air carriers shall be deemed, for the purposes of this Convention, to be one undivided carriage, if it has been regarded by the parties as a single operation, whether it had been agreed upon under the form of a single contract or of a series of contracts, and it shall not lose its international character merely because one contract or a series of contracts is to be performed entirely within a territory subject to the sovereignty, suzerainty, mandate or authority of the same High Contracting Party.
Article 2.
(1) This Convention shall apply to carriage performed by the State or by legally constituted public bodies provided it falls within the conditions laid down in Article 1.
(2) The present Convention shall not apply to carriage performed under the terms of any international postal Convention.
Chapter II.—Documents of Carriage.
Section 1.—Passenger Ticket.
Article 3.
(1) For the carriage of passengers the carrier must deliver a passenger ticket which shall contain the following particulars:—
(a) the place and date of issue;
(b) the place of departure and of destination;
(c) the agreed stopping places, provided that the carrier may, in case of necessity, alter the said stopping places without thereby depriving the carriage of its international character;
(d) the name and address of the carrier or carriers;
(e) a statement that the carriage is subject to the rules relating to liability established by the present Convention.
(2) The absence, irregularity or loss of the passenger ticket shall not affect the existence or the validity of the contract of carriage, which shall none the less be subject to the rules of the present Convention. Nevertheless, if the carrier accepts a passenger without a passenger ticket having been delivered he shall not be entitled to avail himself of those provisions of this Convention which exclude or limit his liability.
Section 2.—Luggage Ticket.
Article 4.
(1) For the carriage of luggage, other than small personal objects of which the passenger takes charge himself, the carrier must deliver a luggage ticket.
(2) The luggage ticket shall be made out in duplicate, one part for the passenger and the other part for the carrier.
(3) The luggage ticket shall contain the following particulars:—
(a) the place and date of issue;
(b) the place of departure and of destination;
(c) the name and address of the carrier or carriers;
(d) the number of the passenger ticket;
(e) a statement that delivery of the luggage will be made to the bearer of the luggage ticket;
(f) the number and weight of the packages;
(g) the amount of the value declared in accordance with Article 22, paragraph (2);
(h) a statement that the carriage is subject to the rules relating to liability established by the present Convention.
(4) The absence, irregularity or loss of the luggage ticket shall not affect the existence or the validity of the contract of carriage, which shall none the less be subject to the rules of the present Convention. Nevertheless, if the carrier accepts luggage without a luggage ticket having been delivered, or if the luggage ticket does not contain the particulars set out at (d), (f) and (h) above, the carrier shall not be entitled to avail himself of those provisions of the Convention which exclude or limit his liability.
Section 3.—Air Consignment Note.
Article 5.
(1) Every carrier of goods has the right to require the consignor to make out and hand over to him a document called an “air consignment note”; every consignor has the right to require the carrier to accept this document.
(2) Nevertheless, the absence, irregularity or loss of this document shall not affect the existence or the validity of the contract of carriage which shall none the less be governed by the rules of the present Convention subject to the provisions of Article 9.
Article 6.
(1) The air consignment note shall be made out by the consignor in three original parts and be handed over with the goods.
(2) The first part shall be marked “for the carrier,” and shall be signed by the consignor. The second part shall be marked “for the consignee”; it shall be signed by the consignor and by the carrier and shall accompany the goods. The third part shall be signed by the carrier and handed by him to the consignor after the goods have been accepted.
(3) The signature of the carrier shall be affixed on his acceptance of the goods.
(4) The signature of the carrier may be stamped; that of the consignor may be printed or stamped.
(5) If, at the request of the consignor, the carrier makes out the air consignment note, he shall be deemed, subject to proof to the contrary, to have done so on behalf of the consignor.
Article 7.
The carrier of goods is entitled to require the consignor to make out separate consignment notes when there is more than one package.
Article 8.
The air consignment note shall contain the following particulars:—
(a) the place and date of its execution;
(b) the place of departure and of destination;
(c) the agreed stopping places, provided that the carrier may, in case of necessity, alter the said stopping places without thereby depriving the carriage of its international character;
(d) the name and address of the consignor;
(e) the name and address of the first carrier;
(f) the name and address of the consignee, if the case so requires;
(g) the nature of the goods;
(h) the number of the packages, the method of packing and the particular marks or numbers upon them;
(i) the weight, the quantity and the volume or dimensions of the goods;
(j) the apparent condition of the goods and of the packing;
(k) the freight, if it has been agreed upon, the date and place of payment, and the person who is to pay it;
(l) if the goods are sent for payment on delivery, the price of the goods, and, if the case so requires, the amount of the expenses incurred;
(m) the amount of the value declared in accordance with Article 22, paragraph (2);
(n) the number of parts of the air consignment note;
(o) the documents delivered to the carrier to accompany the air consignment note;
(p) the time fixed for the completion of the carriage and a brief indication of the route to be followed (via), if these maters have been arranged;
(q) a statement that the carriage is subject to the rules relating to liability established by the present Convention.
Article 9.
If the carrier accepts goods without an air consignment note having been made out, or if such note does not contain all the particulars set out in Article 8 (a) to (i) inclusive and (q), the carrier shall not be entitled to avail himself of the provisions of this Convention which exclude or limit his liability.
Article 10.
(1) The consignor is responsible for the correctness of the particulars and statements relating to the goods which he inserts in the air consignment note.
(2) He shall be liable for all damage caused to the carrier or to any other person by the irregularity, inexactitude or insufficiency of the said particulars and statements.
Article 11.
(1) In the absence of proof to the contrary the air consignment note shall be evidence of the conclusion of the contract, of the receipt of the goods and of the conditions of carriage.
(2) In the absence of proof to the contrary the statements in the air consignment note relating to the weight, dimensions and packing of the goods, as well as those relating to the number of packages, shall be evidence thereof; those relating to the quantity, volume and condition of the goods shall only constitute evidence against the carrier in so far as they have been, and are stated in the air consignment note to have been, checked by him in the presence of the consignor, or where the statements relate to the apparent condition of the goods.
Article 12.
(1) On condition that he carries out all his obligations under the contract of carriage, the consignor has the right to deal with the goods either by withdrawing them at the aerodrome of departure or destination, or by stopping them in the course of the journey at a landing place, or by requiring them to be delivered at the place of destination or in the course of the journey to a person other than the consignee named in the air consignment note, or by demanding their return to the aerodrome of departure, provided that the exercise of this right shall not prejudice either the carrier or other consignors and that any expenses which result therefrom will be refunded.
(2) If it is impossible to carry out the orders of the consignor the carrier must so inform him forthwith.
(3) If the carrier obeys the orders of the consignor for the disposition of the goods without requiring the production of the part of the air consignment note delivered to the latter, he will be liable, without prejudice to his right of recovery from the consignor, for any damage which may be caused thereby to any person who is lawfully in possession of the air consignment note.
(4) The right conferred on the consignor ceases at the moment when that of the consignee begins in accordance with Article 13. Nevertheless, if the consignee declines to accept the consignment note or the goods, or if he cannot be communicated with, the consignor resumes his right of disposition.
Article 13.
(1) Except in the circumstances set out in the preceding article, the consignee is entitled, on the arrival of the goods at the place of destination, to require the carrier to hand over to him the air consignment note and to deliver the goods to him, on payment of the charges due and on complying with the conditions of carriage set out in the air consignment note.
(2) Unless it is otherwise agreed, the carrier shall notify the consignee on the arrival of the goods.
(3) If the carrier admits the loss of the goods, or if the goods have not arrived on the expiration of a period of seven days after the date on which they ought to have arrived, the consignee shall be entitled to enforce against the carrier the rights which result from the contract of carriage.
Article 14.
The consignor and the consignee can enforce all the rights conferred on them respectively by Articles 12 and 13, each in his own name, whether he is acting in his own interest or in the interest of another, provided that he carries out the obligations imposed by the contract.
Article 15.
(1) Articles 12, 13, and 14 shall not prejudice either the relations of the consignor or the consignee with each other or the relations of third parties whose rights are derived either from the consignor or from the consignee.
(2) Any condition which departs from the provisions of Articles 12, 13 and 14 should be embodied in the air consignment note.
Article 16.
(1) The consignor shall be obliged to furnish such information and attach to the air consignment note such documents as are necessary for the completion of the formalities of customs, octroi or police before the goods can be delivered to the consignee. The consignor is liable to the carrier for any damage which may result from the absence, insufficiency or irregularity of any such information or documents, unless the damage is due to the fault of the carrier or his agents.
(2) The carrier shall not be obliged to inquire into the correctness or sufficiency of such information or documents.
Chapter III.—Liability of the Carrier.
Article 17.
The carrier is liable for damage sustained in the event of the death or wounding of a passenger or any other bodily injury suffered by a passenger, if the accident which caused the damage so sustained took place on board the aircraft or in the course of any of the operations of embarking or disembarking.
Article 18.
(1) The carrier is liable for damage sustained in the event of the destruction or loss of, or of damage to, any registered luggage or any goods, if the occurrence which caused the damage so sustained took place during the carriage by air.
(2) The carriage by air within the meaning of the preceding paragraph comprises the period during which the luggage or goods are in charge of the carrier, whether in an aerodrome or on board an aircraft, or, in the case of a landing outside an aerodrome, in any place whatsoever.
(3) The period of the carriage by air does not include any carriage by land, by sea or by river performed outside an aerodrome. If, however, such a carriage takes place in the performance of a contract for carriage by air, for the purpose of loading, delivery or trans-shipment, any damage is presumed, subject to proof to the contrary, to have been the result of an event which occurred during the carriage by air.
Article 19.
The carrier is liable for damage resulting from any delay in the carriage by air of passengers, luggage or goods.
Article 20.
(1) The carrier is not liable if he proves that he and his agents have taken all necessary measures to avoid the damage or that it was impossible for him or them to take such measures.
(2) In the carriage of goods and luggage the carrier is not liable if he proves that the damage was occasioned by negligent pilotage or negligence in the handling of the aircraft or in navigation and that, in all other respects, he and his agents have taken all necessary measures to avoid the damage.
Article 21.
Where the carrier proves that the negligence of the person suffering damage has caused or contributed to the damage the Court may, in accordance with the provisions of its own law, exonerate the carrier or mitigate his liability.
Article 22.
(1) In the carriage of passengers the liability of the carrier for each passenger is limited to the sum of 125,000 francs. Where, in accordance with the law of the Court seised of the case, damages may be awarded in the form of periodical payments, the equivalent capital value of the said payments shall not exceed the aforesaid maximum. Nevertheless, by special agreement with the carrier, the passenger may arrange a higher limit of liability.
(2) In the carriage of registered luggage and of goods, the liability of the carrier is limited to a sum of 250 francs per kilogram, unless the consignor makes, when handing over the package to the carrier, a special declaration of the value at delivery and pays a supplementary sum if so required. In that case the carrier will be liable up to the amount of the declared sum, unless he proves that that sum is greater than the actual value to the consignor at delivery.
(3) As regards objects of which the passenger takes charge himself the liability of the carrier is limited to 5,000 francs per passenger.
(4) The sums mentioned above shall be deemed to refer to the French franc consisting of 651/2 milligrams gold of millesimal fineness 900. These sums may be converted into any national currency in round figures.
Article 23.
Any provision tending to relieve the carrier of liability or to fix a lower limit than that which is laid down in the present Convention shall be null and void, but the nullity of any such provision does not involve the nullity of the whole contract, which shall remain subject to the provisions of the present Convention.
Article 24.
(1) In the cases covered by Articles 18 and 19 any action for damages, however founded, can only be brought subject to the conditions and limits set out in the present Convention.
(2) In the cases covered by Article 17 the provisions of the preceding paragraph also apply, without prejudice to the questions as to who are the persons who have the right of action and what are their respective rights.
Article 25.
(1) The carrier shall not have the right to avail himself of the provisions of the present Convention which exclude or limit his liability, if the damage is due to malice or to such default on his part as, in accordance with the law of the Court seised of the case is considered to involve malice.
(2) This right will be equally denied to him if the damage has been caused in similar conditions by one of his agents in the scope of his employment.
Article 26.
(1) Acceptance of the luggage or goods without complaint by the consignee shall, in the absence of proof to the contrary, constitute evidence that the consignment has been delivered in good condition and in accordance with the document of carriage.
(2) In case of damage, the consignee must complain to the carrier forthwith after the discovery of the damage, and, at the latest, within three days from the date of receipt in the case of luggage and seven days from the date of receipt in the case of goods. In case of delay the complaint must be made at the latest within fourteen days from the date on which the luggage or goods have been placed at his disposal.
(3) Every complaint must be made in writing upon the document of carriage or by separate notice in writing despatched within the period prescribed for such complaint.
(4) Failing complaint within the prescribed periods, no action shall lie against the carrier, save in the case of fraud on his part.
Article 27.
In the case of the death of the person liable, an action for damages lies in accordance with the terms of the present Convention against his personal representatives.
Article 28.
(1) An action for damages must be brought, at the option of the plaintiff, in the territory of one of the High Contracting Parties, either before the Court having jurisdiction where the carrier is domiciled, or has his principal place of business, or has an establishment by which the contract has been made or before the Court having jurisdiction at the place of destination.
(2) Questions of procedure shall be governed by the law of the Court seised of the case.
Article 29.
(1) The right to damages shall be barred if an action is not brought within two years, reckoned from the date of arrival at the destination, or from the date on which the aircraft should have arrived, or from the date on which the carriage stopped.
(2) The method of calculating the aforesaid period shall be determined by the law of the Court seised of the case.
Article 30.
(1) In the case of carriage to be performed by various successive carriers and falling within the definition set out in the third paragraph of Article 1, each carrier accepting passengers' luggage or goods is subject to the rules set out in this Convention and is deemed to be one of the contracting parties to the contract of carriage in so far as that contract deals with such part of the carriage as is performed under his supervision.
(2) In the case of carriage of this nature, the passenger or his representative can take action only against the carrier who performed the carriage during which the accident or the delay occurred, save in the case where, by express agreement, the first carrier has assumed liability for the whole journey.
(3) In the case of luggage or goods, the consignor will have a right of action against the first carrier, and the consignee who is entitled to delivery will have a right of action against the last carrier, and further, each may take action against the carrier who performed the carriage during which the destruction, loss, damage or delay took place. These carriers will be jointly liable to the consignor or consignee.
Chapter IV.—Provisions relating to Combined Carriage.
Article 31.
(1) In the case of combined carriage performed partly by air and partly by any other mode of carriage, the provisions of the present Convention apply only to the carriage by air, if such carriage falls within the terms of Article 1.
(2) Nothing in the present Convention shall prevent the parties in the case of combined carriage from inserting in the document of air carriage conditions relating to other modes of carriage, provided that the provisions of the present Convention are observed as regards the carriage by air.
Chapter V.—General and Final Provisions.
Article 32.
Any clause contained in the contract and all special agreements entered into before the damage by which the parties purport to depart from the rules laid down by the present Convention, whether by deciding the law to be applied, or by altering the rules as to jurisdiction, shall be null and void. Nevertheless, for the carriage of goods arbitration clauses are allowed, subject to the present Convention, if the arbitration is to take place within one of the jurisdictions referred to in the first paragraph of Article 28.
Article 33.
Nothing contained in the present Convention shall prevent the carrier either from refusing to enter into any contract of carriage, or from making regulations which do not conflict with the provisions of the present Convention.
Article 34.
The present Convention shall not apply to international carriage by air performed by way of experimental trial by air navigation undertakings with the view to the establishment of a regular line of air navigation, nor shall it apply to carriage performed in extraordinary circumstances outside the normal scope of an air carrier's business.
article 35.
The expression “days” when used in the present Convention means current days not working days.
Article 36.
The present Convention is drawn up in French in a single copy which shall remain deposited in the archives of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Poland and of which one duly certified copy shall be sent by the Polish Government to the Government of each of the High Contracting Parties.
article 37.
(1) The present Convention shall be ratified. The instruments of ratification shall be deposited in the archives of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Poland, which will notify the deposit to the Government of each of the High Contracting Parties.
(2) As soon as the present Convention shall have been ratified by five of the High Contracting Parties it shall come into force as between them on the ninetieth day after the deposit of the fifth ratification. Thereafter it shall come into force between the High Contracting Parties who shall have ratified and the High Contracting Party who deposits his instruments of ratification on the ninetieth day after such deposit.
(3) It shall be the duty of the Government of the Republic of Poland to notify to the Government of each of the High Contracting Parties the date on which the present Convention comes into force as well as the date of the deposit of each ratification.
article 38.
(1) The present Convention shall, after it has come into force, remain open for accession by any State.
(2) The accession shall be effected by a notification addressed to the Government of the Republic of Poland, which will inform the Government of each of the High Contracting Parties thereof.
(3) The accession shall take effect as from the ninetieth day after the notification made to the Government of the Republic of Poland.
article 39.
(1) Any one of the High Contracting Parties may denounce the present Convention by a notification addressed to the Government of the Republic of Poland which will at once inform the Government of each of the High Contracting Parties.
(2) Denunciation shall take effect six months after the notification of denunciation, and in respect only of the party who shall have proceeded to denunciation.
article 40.
(1) Any High Contracting Party may, at the time of signature or of deposit of ratification or of accession, declare that the acceptance which he gives to the present Convention does not apply to all or any of his colonies, protectorates, territories under mandate, or any other territory subject to his sovereignty or his authority, or any territory under his suzerainty.
(2) Accordingly any High Contracting Party may subsequently accede separately in the name of all or any of his colonies, protectorates, territories under mandate or any other territory subject to his sovereignty or to his authority or any territory under his suzerainty which have been thus excluded by his original declaration.
(3) Any High Contracting Party may denounce the present Convention, in accordance with its provisions, separately or for all or any of his colonies, protectorates, territories under mandate or any other territory subject to his sovereignty or to his authority, or any other territory under his suzerainty.
article 41.
Any High Contracting Party shall be entitled not earlier than two years after the coming into force of the present Convention to call for the assembling of a new international Conference in order to consider any improvements which might be made in the present Convention. To this end he will communicate with the Government of the French Republic which will take the necessary measures to make preparations for such Conference.
The present Convention, done at Warsaw on the 12th October, 1929, shall remain open for signature until the 31st January, 1930.
(Here follow the signatures on behalf of the following countries:—
Germany, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, Spain, France, Great Britain, and Northern Ireland, the Commonwealth of Australia, the Union of South Africa, Greece, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Luxembourg, Norway, the Netherlands, Poland, Roumania, Switzerland, Czecho-Slovakia, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and Yugoslavia.)
Additional Protocol.
(With reference to Article 2.)
The High Contracting Parties reserve to themselves the right to declare at the time of ratification or of accession that paragraph (1) of Article 2 of the present Convention shall not apply to international carriage by air performed directly by the State, its colonies, protectorates or mandated territories or by any other territory under its sovereignty, suzerainty or authority.
[Same signatures as those to the Convention shown above.]
SECOND SCHEDULE.
Conditions to which the Company is to Conform.
1. The Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Company shall be subject to the approval of the Minister for Finance after consultation by him with the Minister for Industry and Commerce.
2. The amount of the share capital of the company shall be such sum not exceeding one million pounds as the Minister for Finance shall approve.
3. The Memorandum of Association of the Company shall provide—
(a) that the registered office of the Company shall be situate in Dublin;
(b) that the principal objects of the Company shall include—
(i) the establishment, maintenance and working of lines of aerial conveyances between places in Saorstát Eireann and between Saorstát Eireann and other countries either directly or by means of Aer Lingus Teoranta and other air transport undertakings in which the Company has a controlling interest;
(ii) the acquisition and holding of shares in Aer Lingus Teoranta;
(iii) the promotion of and the holding of shares in such other air transport undertakings;
(iv) the holding of shares in and making of working arrangements with air transport undertakings, other than those mentioned in the immediately preceding clause;
(v) the giving, with the consent of the Minister for Finance, of financial or other assistance to such air transport undertakings;
(c) that the liability of the members of the Company shall be limited;
(d) that the share capital of the Company shall be divided into shares of one pound each, and that the Company shall, with the consent of the Minister for Finance, have power to divide the shares in the capital of the Company into several classes and to attach thereto respectively any preferential, deferred, qualified or special rights, privileges or conditions.
4. The Articles of Association of the Company shall provide—
(a) that the number of directors of the Company shall be five;
(b) that so long as the Minister for Finance holds not less than one-tenth (in nominal value) of the issued shares of the Company or so long as any debentures of the Company guaranteed by the said Minister under this Act are outstanding, three of the Directors of the Company shall be nominated by the said Minister after consultation with the Minister for Industry and Commerce;
(c) that the Company shall for the purposes of the Company have power to raise money by means of debentures, subject however as follows:—
(i) the amount so raised shall not exceed at any time the paid up share capital of the company,
(ii) the said power shall not, so long as the Minister for Finance holds not less than one-tenth of the share capital of the Company or so long as any debentures of the Company guaranteed by the said Minister under this Act are outstanding, be exercised without the consent of the said Minister;
(d) that so long as the Minister for Finance holds any shares of the Company, no person shall be capable of being appointed auditor of the Company unless the approval of the said Minister to the nomination of such person to the office of auditor has been given.