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Uimhir 42 de 1960.
AN tACHT SRIANTA CÍOSA, 1960.
[An tiontú oifigiúil.]
ACHTAÍTEAR AG AN OIREACHTAS MAR LEANAS:—
CUID I.
Réamhráiteach agus Ginearálta.
Gearrtheideal agus tosach feidhme.
1.—(1) Féadfar an tAcht Srianta Cíosa, 1960, a ghairm den Acht seo.
(2) Tiocfaidh an tAcht seo i ngníomh an 31ú lá de Nollaig, 1960.
Léiriú i gcoitinne.
1946, Uimh.
5 & 6 Geo. 5, c. 97.
1919, c. 7.
1920, c. 17.
1944, R. & O. R. Uimh. 29.
1945, R. & O. R. Uimh. 188.
2.—(1) San Acht seo, mura n-éilíonn an comhthéacs a mhalairt—
ciallaíonn “Acht 1946” an tAcht Srianta Cíosa, 1946;
ciallaíonn “cíos bunúsach” maidir le teaghais rialaithe cíos bunúsach na teaghaise arna chinneadh faoi alt 7, alt 8 nó alt 9 (cibé acu é) den Acht seo;
ciallaíonn “teaghais rialaithe” aon teaghais a mbaineann an tAcht léi de bhua alt 3 den Acht seo;
ciallaíonn “Breitheamh Dúiche” Breitheamh den Chúirt Dúiche;
ciallaíonn “teaghais” teach atá ligthe mar theaghais ar leithligh, nó cuid, arna ligean amhlaidh, d'aon teach, cibé acu atá nó nach bhfuil an tionónta i bpáirt le haon daoine eile in aon chuid di nó in aon chóiríocht, taitneamhacht nó saoráid maidir leis an gcéanna;
ciallaíonn “na sean-achtacháin a bhaineann le srianadh cíosa”—
(a) an Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest (War Restrictions) Act, 1915,
(b) an Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest (Restrictions) Act, 1919,
(c) an Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest (Restrictions) Act, 1920,
(d) na hAchtanna um Méadú Cíosa agus Uis Mhorgáiste (Coscanna), 1923 go 1930,
(e) An tOrdú Cumhachta Práinne (Uimh. 313), 1944, agus an tOrdú um an Ordú Cumhachta Práinne (Uimh. 313), 1944 (Leasú), 1945, agus
(f) na hAchtanna Srianta Cíosa, 1946 go 1959;
folaíonn “tiarna talún”, nuair a úsáidtear é maidir le haon teaghais, aon duine a dhíorthóidh teideal ó am go ham faoi thiarna talún bunaidh na teaghaise, agus folaíonn sé freisin aon duine, seachas an tionónta, atá nó a bheadh mura mbeadh an tAcht seo i dteideal seilbh na teaghaise;
ciallaíonn “breis dleathach”, maidir le cíos bunúsach teaghaise rialaithe, aon suim is breis dleathach ar an gcíos bunúsach de bhua alt 10 den Acht seo;
ciallaíonn “cíos dleathach”, maidir le teaghais rialaithe, an tsuim a ndearbhaítear le halt 11 den Acht seo gurb í cíos dleathach na teaghaise í;
folaíonn “ligean” fo-ligean;
ciallaíonn “an tAire” an tAire Dlí agus Cirt;
ciallaíonn “tionónta neamhreachtúil” tionónta nach tionónta reachtúil;
ciallaíonn “an dáta feidhme” dáta tosach feidhme an Achta seo, is é sin le rá, an 31ú lá de Nollaig, 1960;
ciallaíonn an briathar “forordú” forordú ag an Aire le rialacháin faoin Acht seo;
ciallaíonn “rátaí”, maidir le teaghais rialaithe, na rátaí (lena n-áirítear rátaí uisce) a bheidh leagtha ag údarás áitiúil (is comhairle chontae, bardas contae-bhuirge nó buirge eile, nó comhairle cheantair uirbigh) i leith na teaghaise chun seirbhíse aon bhliana airgeadais áitiúla agus a bheidh, de réir aon Achta, nó a bheadh mura mbeadh aon Acht, inmhuirir ar áititheoir na teaghaise;
ciallaíonn “tionóntacht reachtúil” leas tionónta reachtúil sa teaghais a n-úsáidtear an abairt maidir léi;
ciallaíonn “tionónta reachtúil” duine is—
(a) duine a choinneoidh seilbh ar aon teaghais rialaithe tar éis a thionóntacht chonarthach inti (nach tionóntacht lena mbaineann alt 37 den Acht seo) a bheith foirceannta, nó
(b) duine a choinneoidh seilbh ar aon teaghais rialaithe faoi fho-alt (2), fo-alt (3) nó fo-alt (4) d'alt 31 den Acht seo, nó
(c) duine a choinneoidh seilbh ar aon teaghais rialaithe faoi fhomhír (iii) de mhír (a) nó faoi mhír (b) d'fho-alt (5) d'alt 32 den Acht seo, nó
(d) duine a choinneoidh seilbh ar aon teaghais rialaithe faoi alt 52 den Acht seo;
folaíonn “tionónta”, maidir le haon teaghais, tionónta reachtúil, agus folaíonn sé aon duine a dhíorthóidh teideal ó am go ham faoin tionónta bunaidh, agus folaíonn sé freisin fo-thionónta.
(2) Déanfar tagairtí san alt seo d'ordú chun seilbh a aisghabháil ar theaghais rialaithe a fhorléiriú mar thagairtí a fholaíonn tagairtí d'ordú chun tionónta a eisiachtain aisti.
(3) Déanfar tagairtí san Acht seo d'aon achtachán a fhorléirú mar thagairtí don achtachán sin arna leasú le haon achtachán ina dhiaidh sin.
Teaghais rialaithe.
3.—(1) Faoi réir fho-alt (2) den alt seo, baineann an tAcht seo le gach teaghais.
(2) Ní bhaineann an tAcht seo—
(a) le teaghais ar mó a luacháil inrátaithe ná—
(i) i gcás an teaghais a bheith i gcontae-bhuirg Bhaile Atha Cliath nó i mbuirg Dhún Laoghaire, seasca punt,
(ii) in aon chás eile, daichead punt,
(b) le teaghais a tógadh tar éis an 7ú lá de Bhealtaine, 1941, nó a bhí á tógáil ar an dáta sin,
(c) le teaghais ar faoi Achtanna na Sclábhaithe, 1883 go 1958, nó faoi Achtanna Tithe an Lucht Oibre, 1890 go 1958, atá a ligean,
(d) le teaghais arna ligean ar cíos (dá ngairtear an cíos forcoimeádta anseo feasta) a fholaíonn íocaíochtaí i leith bordála, freastail nó úsáid troscáin, nó i leith teas, uisce te, breosla, leictreachas, nó aon earra eile a sholáthar don teaghais nó i leith aon seirbhísí a thabhairt i ndáil leis an teaghais, mura rud é, ar an gCúirt do chionroinnt an chíosa fhorcoimeádta, go mbeidh an chuid den chíos forcoimeádta is dóigh leis an gCúirt is inchurtha i leith na teaghaise amháin comhionann le trí cheathrú nó níos mó ná trí cheathrú den chíos forcoimeádta, agus sa chás sin measfar, chun críocha an Achta seo, gurb é cíos na teaghaise an chuid den chíos forcoimeádta is inchurtha amhlaidh i leith na teaghaise amháin,
(e) le teach a bheidh á áitiú ar dháta thosach feidhme an Achta seo ag a úinéir mar áit chónaithe dó féin, nó a thiocfaidh chun bheith á áitiú amhlaidh ina dhiaidh sin,
(f) le teach a mbeidh an tiarna talún ina sheilbh, ar dháta thosach feidhme an Achta seo, nó a dtiocfaidh sé ina sheilbh ina dhiaidh sin agus ar mó a luacháil inrátaithe ná—
(i) i gcás an teach a bheith i gcontae-bhuirg Bhaile Atha Cliath nó i mbuirg Dhún Laoghaire, tríocha punt,
(ii) in aon chás eile, cúi phunt is fiche,
(g) le teaghais arb éard í árasán glanscartha ar leithligh is cuid d'aon fhoirgnimh a ndearnadh, tar éis tosach feidhme an Achta seo, iad a athdhéanamh trí dhá árasán ghlanscartha ar leithligh nó níos mó a dhéanamh díobh,
(h) le teaghais arna ligean i dteannta talún seachas láithreán na teaghaise, más mó luacháil inrátaithe na talún ná an ceann is lú acu seo a leanas:
(i) leath luacháil inrátaithe an láithreáin agus an foirgneamh nó na foirgnimh air a chur san áireamh, nó
(ii) (I) i gcás an teaghais a bheith i gcontae-bhuirg Bhaile Átha Cliath nó i mbuirg Dhún Laoghaire, deich bpunt,
(II) in aon chás eile, cúig phunt.
(3) Ní bheidh teaghais is cuid de theach (seachas teach a tógadh tar éis an 7ú lá de Bhealtaine, 1941, nó a bhí á thógáil ar an dáta sin, nó teach ar faoi Achtanna na Sclábhaithe, 1883 go 1958, nó faoi Achtanna Tithe an Lucht Oibre, 1890 go 1958, atá a ligean) eisiata ó fheidhm an Achta seo de bhíthin amháin nach bhfuil feidhm ag an Acht seo maidir leis an teach.
(4) Má mhéadaítear luacháil inrátaithe teaghaise agus dá dhroim sin go ndéanfaidh den luacháil luacháil is mó ná—
(a) i gcás an teaghais a bheith i gcontae-bhuirg Bhaile Atha Cliath nó i mbuirg Dhún Laoghaire, seasca punt, nó
(b) in aon chás eile, daichead punt,
ansin, d'ainneoin mír (a) d'fho-alt (2) den alt seo, leanfaidh an tAcht seo d'fheidhm a bheith aige maidir leis an teaghais mura dtiocfaidh agus go dtí go dtiocfaidh an tiarna talún i seilbh na teaghaise.
(5) Más rud é, díreach roimh thosach feidhme an Achta seo—
(a) go raibh teaghais ligthe i dteannta talún seachas láithreán na teaghaise, agus
(b) go raibh feidhm ag Acht 1946 maidir leis an teaghais,
ansin, d'ainneoin mír (h) d'fho-alt (2) den alt seo, beidh feidhm ag an Acht seo maidir leis an teaghais mura dtiocfaidh agus go dtí go dtiocfaidh an tiarna talún i seilbh na teaghaise.
(6) I mír (e) d'fho-alt (2) den alt seo folaíonn “úinéir” duine ag a bhfuil aon eastát nó leas sa teach ach amháin faoi chonradh tionóntachta nach faide téarma ná bliain agus fiche.
(7) I mír (f) d'fho-alt (2) agus i bhfo-ailt (4) agus (5) den alt seo ciallaíonn “seilbh” seilbh iarbhír, agus ní mheasfar gur tháinig tiarna talún i seilbh mar gheall ar athrú tionóntachta a rinneadh lena thoiliú agus mar gheall air sin amháin.
Teaghaisí a úsáidtear go páirteach le haghaidh gnó, etc.
4.—Ní bheidh teaghais eisiata ó fheidhm an Achta seo de bhíthin amháin cuid di a bheith á húsáid chun críocha aon ghnó, trádála nó gairme.
Aisghairm agus oiriúnú ar thagairtí d'Achtanna aisghairthe.
5.—(1) Déantar leis seo na hachtacháin a luaitear sa Chéad Sceideal a ghabhann leis an Acht seo a aisghairm a mhéid a shonraítear sa tríú colún den Sceideal sin.
(2) Déanfar tagairtí in aon Acht a ritheadh roimh dháta an Achta seo a rith do na hAchtanna Srianta Cíosa, 1946 go 1959, nó d'aon cheann de na hAchtanna sin, a fhorléiriú mar thagairtí don Acht seo.
Caiteachas.
6.—Déanfar an caiteachas faoina rachaidh an tAire ag riaradh an Achta seo a íoc, a mhéid a cheadóidh an tAire Airgeadais é, as airgead a sholáthróidh an tOireachtas.
CUID II.
Cíos ar Theaghaisí Rialaithe a Shrianadh.
Caibidil I.
Cíos dleathach Teaghaisí Rialaithe.
Cíos bunúsach teaghaisí rialaithe áirithe.
7.—(1) Baineann an t-alt seo le—
(a) teaghais rialaithe a bhfuil fianaise ar fáil ina leith i dtaobh an dá fhíoras acu seo a leanas—
(i) go raibh sí ar an dáta feidhme (dá ngairtear an dáta iomchuí san alt seo) ar teachtadh ag tionónta a bhí á háitiú faoi chonradh tionóntachta nárbh fhaide ná téarma cúig bliana nó faoi thionóntacht reachtúil (de réir bhrí Acht 1946), agus
(ii) an cíos ar a raibh sí ar teachtadh amhlaidh;
(b) teaghais rialaithe a bhfuil fianaise ar fáil ina leith i dtaobh na bhfíoras seo a leanas go léir—
(i) nach raibh sí ar teachtadh amhlaidh ar an dáta feidhme,
(ii) gur ar dháta (dá ngairtear an dáta iomchuí freisin san alt seo) i rith na tréimhse trí bliana dar chríoch an dáta feidhme a bhí sí ar teachtadh amhlaidh go deiridh, agus
(iii) an cíos ar a raibh sí ar teachtadh amhlaidh.
(2) Is é cíos bunúsach teaghaise rialaithe lena mbaineann an t-alt seo—
(a) i gcás teaghais a shonraítear sa Sceideal a ghabhann leis an gComhaontú a rinneadh an 6ú lá de Dheireadh Fómhair, 1960, idir an Dublin Artisans' Dwellings Company Limited agus an Dublin Artisans' Dwellings Tenants Association agus a taisceadh san Oifig Iris Phoiblí—an cíos a shonraítear sa tríú colún den Sceideal sin maidir leis an teaghais, agus
(b) in aon chás eile—an glanchíos ar a raibh sí ar teachtadh ar an dáta iomchuí.
(3) Chun críocha an ailt seo, measfar gurb é an glanchíos ar a raibh teaghais rialaithe ar teachtadh ar an dáta iomchuí—
(a) i gcás inar ghnách leis an tiarna talún ar an dáta iomchuí na rátaí nó aon chuid díobh a íoc, nó asbhaint nó fritháireamh a lamháil in aghaidh an chéanna, nó an tionónta a shlánú ina leith, an cíos is iníoctha ar an dáta sin lúide méid na híocaíochta, an lamháltais, na hasbhainte, an fhritháirimh nó na slánaíochta (cibé acu é);
(b) in aon chás eile, an cíos ab iníoctha ar an dáta sin.
Athscrúdú ar chíos bunúsach teaghaisí rialaithe lena mbaineann alt 7.
8.—(1) (a) Más rud é, ar iarratas chun na Cúirte faoin bhfo-alt seo ó thiarna talún teaghaise rialaithe lena mbaineann alt 7 den Acht seo agus nach teaghais dá dtagraítear i mír (a) d'fho-alt (2) den alt sin, gur deimhin leis an gCúirt—
(i) gur lú cíos bunúsach na teaghaise, de mhéid is mó ná an t-ochtú cuid den chíos bunúsach, ná an cíos (dá ngairtear an measchíos san fho-alt seo) a gcinnfeadh an Chúirt, dá mba áitreabh lena mbaineann alt 9 den Acht seo an t-áitreabh, gurb é cíos bunúsach na teaghaise é, agus
(ii) go ndearna imthoscaí speisialta difir do mhéid an chíosa bhunúsaigh,
cinnfidh an Chúirt cíos bunúsach na teaghaise agus is é a bheidh ann méid is ionann, i dtuairim na Cúirte, agus an measchíos, agus as sin amach agus gan dochar d'fheidhm a bheith ag mír (a) d'alt 16 den Acht seo maidir léi roimhe sin, tiocfaidh an teaghais chun bheith ina teaghais lena mbaineann alt 9 den Acht seo amhail is dá mba faoin alt sin a rinneadh an cinneadh sin.
(b) Nuair a bheidh measchíos teaghaise lenar bhain Caibidil I de Chuid II d'Acht 1946 á chinneadh de bhun mhír (a) den fho-alt seo, measfar go bhfuil “(is teaghaisí lenar bhain Caidibil I de Chuid II d'Acht 1946)” i bhfo-alt (2) d'alt 9 den Acht seo i ndiaidh “teaghaisí rialaithe” agus, nuair a bheidh measchíos aon teaghaise eile á chinneadh mar a dúradh, measfar go bhfuil “(is teaghaisí lenar bhain Caibidil 2 de Chuid II d'Acht 1946)” san fho-alt sin amhlaidh.
(2) (a) Más rud é, ar iarratas chun na Cúirte faoin bhfo-alt seo ó thionónta teaghaise rialaithe lena mbaineann alt 7 den Acht seo, nach teaghais dá dtagraítear i mír (a) d'fho-alt (2) den alt sin, gur deimhin leis an gCúirt gur mó cíos bunúsach na teaghaise, de mhéid is mó ná an t-ochtú cuid den chíos bunúsach, ná an cíos (dá ngairtear an measchíos san fho-alt seo) a gcinnfeadh an Chúirt, dá mba theaghais lena mbaineann alt 9 den Acht seo an teaghais, gurb é cíos bunúsach na teaghaise é, cinnfidh an Chúirt cíos bunúsach na teaghaise agus is é a bheidh ann méid is ionann, i dtuairim na Cúirte agus an measchíos, agus, as sin amach agus gan dochar d'fheidhm a bheith ag mír (a) d'alt 16 den Acht seo maidir léi roimhe sin, tiocfaidh an teaghais chun bheith ina teaghais lena mbaineann alt 9 den Acht seo amhail is dá mba faoin alt sin a rinneadh an cinneadh sin.
(b) Nuair a bheidh measchíos teaghaise á chinneadh de bhun mhír (a) den fho-alt seo—
(i) tabharfaidh an Chúirt aird ar aon mhéid a caitheadh ar fheabhsú, athrú déanmhais nó deisiú na teaghaise ar méid é a bhfuarthas breisiú dleathach de réir bhrí Acht 1946 faoina réim, agus
(ii) i gcás teaghais nach mó a luacháil inrátaithe ná deich bpunt agus is teaghais lenar bhain Caibidil I de Chuid II d'Acht 1946, measfar go bhfuil “(is teaghaisí lenar bhain Caibidil I de Chuid II d'Acht 1946)” i bhfo-alt (2) d'alt 9 den Acht seo i ndiaidh “teaghaisí rialaithe” agus, i gcás aon teaghaise eile, measfar go bhfuil “(is teaghaisí lenar bhain Caibidil 2 de Chuid II d'Acht 1946)” san fho-alt sin amhlaidh.
(3) (a) Más rud é, ar iarratas chun na Cúirte faoin bhfo-alt seo ó thionónta teaghaise rialaithe, gur deimhin leis an gCúirt gur teaghais lena mbaineann an fo-alt seo an teaghais agus gur mó cíos bunúsach na teaghaise ná an measchíos, cinnfidh an Chúirt cíos bunúsach na teaghaise agus is é a bheidh ann méid is ionann, i dtuairim na Cúirte, agus an measchíos, agus, as sin amach agus gan dochar d'fheidhm a bheith ag mír (a) d'alt 16 den Acht seo maidir léi roimhe sin, tiocfaidh an teaghais chun bheith ina teaghais lena mbaineann alt 9 den Acht seo amhail is dá mba faoin alt sin a rinneadh an cinneadh sin.
(b) San fho-alt seo—
ciallaíonn “teaghais lena mbaineann an fo-alt seo” teaghais rialaithe—
(i) lena mbaineann alt 7 den Acht seo, nach teaghais dá dtagraítear i mír (a) d'fho-alt (2) den alt sin,
(ii) a ndearnadh an cíos bunúsach (de réir bhrí Acht 1946) a shocrú le halt 8 d'Acht 1946 nó a chinneadh ag an gCúirt faoin Acht sin maidir léi, agus
(iii) a bhí ar teachtadh ag an tionónta ar an dáta iomchuí ar chíos ba mhó ná an cíos dleathach (de réir bhrí Acht 1946);
ciallaíonn “an measchíos”, maidir le teaghais—
(i) i gcás inar ghnách leis an tiarna talún ar an dáta iomchuí na rátaí nó aon chuid díobh a íoc, nó asbhaint nó fritháireamh a lamháil in aghaidh an chéanna, nó an tionónta a shlánú ina leith, an cíos dleathach (de réir bhrí Acht 1946) ar an dáta sin lúide méid na híocaíochta, an lamháltais, na hasbhainte, an fhritháirimh nó na slánaíochta (cibé acu é),
(ii) in aon chás eile, an cíos dleathach (de réir bhrí Acht 1946) ar an dáta iomchuí;
tá le “an dáta iomchuí” an bhrí chéanna atá leis an abairt sin in alt 7 den Acht seo.
Cíos bunúsach teaghaisí rialaithe nach mbaineann alt 7 leo.
9.—(1) Baineann an t-alt seo le gach teaghais rialaithe seachas teaghaisí rialaithe lena mbaineann alt 7 den Acht seo.
(2) Cinnfidh an Chúirt cíos bunúsach teaghaise rialaithe lena mbaineann an t-alt seo agus is é a bheidh ann cíos de cibé méid is réasúnach dar leis an gCúirt ag féachaint, a mhéid is féidir é, do chíosanna bunúsacha teaghaisí rialaithe atá inchomórtais léi maidir le suíomh, cóiríocht, taitneamhachtaí, deisriocht agus luacháil inrátaithe.
(3) Chun go gcinnfidh an Chúirt an cíos bunúsach faoin alt seo, measfar an tionónta a bheith freagrach sna rátaí.
Breiseanna dleathacha ar an gcíos bunúsach.
10.—(1) San alt seo ciallaíonn “an dáta cinnteach”—
(a) i gcás teaghais rialaithe lena mbaineann alt 7 den Acht seo, an dáta feidhme,
(b) i gcás teaghais rialaithe lena mbaineann alt 9 den Acht seo—
(i) i gcás í a theacht, de bhua alt 8 den Acht seo, chun bheith ina teaghais den sórt sin, an dáta feidhme, agus
(ii) in aon chás eile, dáta tionscnaimh na n-imeachtaí ina gcinnfear cíos bunúsach na teaghaise.
(2) Chun críocha an Achta seo agus faoi réir na bhforálacha ina dhiaidh seo den alt seo, is breis dleathach ar chíos bunúsach teaghaise rialaithe an tsuim a luaitear in aon mhír den fho-alt seo, sa chás atá leagtha amach sa mhír sin:
(a) i gcás ina ndéanann tiarna talún na teaghaise na rátaí nó aon chuid díobh a íoc nó asbhaint nó fritháireamh a lamháil in aghaidh an chéanna, nó an tionónta a shlánú ina leith, suim is comhionann leis an méid a bheidh, de thuras na huaire, san íocaíocht, san asbhaint san fhritháireamh, nó sa tslánaíocht (cibé acu é);
(b) i gcás an tiarna talún a bheith faoi dhliteanas i leith iomlán na ndeisithe ar an teaghais nó i leith cuid díobh, suim is comhionann le dó dhéag go leith faoin gcéad den chíos bunúsach:
(c) i gcás ina ndéanfaidh an tiarna talún, ar an dáta cinnteach nó dá éis, aon mhéid (gan aon mhéid a áireamh a chaithfear ar mhaisiú nó ar dheisiú) a chaitheamh ar fheabhsú nó ar athrú déanmhais na teaghaise, suim is comhionann le ocht faoin gcéad sa bhliain den mhéid sin;
(d) i gcás ina ndéanfaidh an tiarna talún, ar an dáta cinnteach nó dá éis, aon mhéid a chaitheamh ar an teaghais ar dheisiú a bheidh riachtanach ar fad nó go formhór de dheasca an tionónta nó aon duine in aontíos leis nó aon duine dá lóistéirí nó dá fho-thionóntaithe do dhéanamh bearta diomailte nó do dhéanamh faillí nó mainneachtana, suim is comhionann le ocht faoin gcéad sa bhliain den mhéid sin;
(e) i gcás ina ndéanfaidh an tiarna talún, i rith aon tréimhse dhá bhliain dar críoch an 31ú lá de Nollaig (arb é an 31ú lá de Nollaig, 1960, é, an 31ú lá de Nollaig, 1961, an 31ú lá de Nollaig, 1962, nó aon 31ú lá de Nollaig ina dhiaidh sin), méid is mó ná dhá thrian cíos bunúsach na teaghaise a chaitheamh ar an teaghais á cur i ndeisriocht réasúnach, suim arna ríomh de réir an scála atá leagtha amach sa Dara Sceideal a ghabhann leis an Acht seo.
(3) Más rud é—
(a) go gcaithfear méid ar fheabhsú, athrú déanmhais nó deisiú teaghaise, is feabhsú, athrú nó deisiú a thosóidh an 1ú lá d'Aibreán, 1961, nó dá éis, agus
(b) go mbeadh, ar leith ón bhfo-alt seo, breis dleathach le cur, ag féachaint do mhír (c), (d) nó (e) (de réir mar a bheidh) d'fho-alt (2) den alt seo, le cíos bunúsach na teaghaise faoi réim na méide,
ní chuirfear aon bhreis dleathach le cíos bunúsach na teaghaise faoi réim na méide mura mbeidh an tiarna talún tar éis fógra san fhoirm fhorordaithe, nó i bhfoirm sa chéill chéanna go substainteach, ina mbeidh sonraí i dtaobh na hoibre a bheartófar a dhéanamh agus an costas a mheasfar a bhainfidh leis a sheirbheáil ar an tionónta ceithre lá dhéag ar a laghad sula dtosófar ar an bhfeabhsú, ar an athrú nó ar an deisiú.
(4) Más rud é—
(a) gurb é atá i dteach dhá theaghais rialaithe nó níos mó agus go gcaithfidh tiarna talún na dteaghaisí—
(i) méid (gan aon mhéid a caitheadh ar mhaisiú nó ar dheisiú a áireamh) ar fheabhsú nó ar athrú déanmhais an tí, nó
(ii) méid ar dheisiú an tí a bheidh riachtanach ar fad nó go formhór de dheasca aon duine de na tionóntaí nó aon duine in aontíos le haon duine de na tionóntaí nó aon duine de lóistéirí nó d'fho-thionóntaithe aon duine de na tionóntaí do dhéanamh bearta diomailte nó do dhéanamh faillí nó mainneachtana, agus
(b) go dtairbheoidh na teaghaisí rialaithe uile go díreach nó go neamhdhíreach den fheabhsú, den athrú nó den deisiú,
measfar, chun críocha fho-alt (2) den alt seo, an méid a bheith cionroinnte idir na teaghaisí i gcomhréir lena luachálacha inrátaithe faoi seach.
(5) Más rud é—
(a) gurb é atá i dteach dhá theaghais rialaithe nó níos mó agus go gcaithfidh tiarna talún na dteaghaisí méid is mó ná dhá thrian de chomhshuim cíosanna bunúsacha na dteaghaisí ag cur an tí i ndeisriocht réasúnach, agus
(b) go dtairbheoidh na teaghaisí rialaithe uile go díreach nó go neamhdhíreach den deisiú,
beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha seo a leanas chun críocha fho-alt (2) den alt seo:
(i) ríomhfar de réir fhorálacha mhír (e) den fho-alt sin an tsuim ba bhreis dleathach dá mba é a bheadh sa teach teaghais faoi chíos bunúsach ba chomhionann le comhshuim cíosanna bunúsacha na dteaghaisí,
(ii) cionroinnfear an tsuim sin idir na teaghaisí i gcomhréir lena luachálacha inrátaithe faoi seach,
(iii) measfar foráil a bheith sa mhír sin á fhoráil, maidir le gach teaghais, gur breis dleathach ar chíos bunúsach na teaghaise an tsuim a chionroinnfear uirthi sa chionroinnt (agus nach ea aon suim eile).
(6) (a) I gcás teaghais a ndearnadh, i rith tréimhse iomchuí, barrachas a chaitheamh uirthi mar luaitear i mír (g) d'fho-alt (2) d'alt 11 nó i mír (e) d'fho-alt (2) d'alt 17 d'Acht 1946 (ar caitheamh barrachais é ba chúis le breis dleathach faoina réim de réir bhrí an Achta sin) ní bheidh feidhm ag mír (b) d'fho-alt (2) den alt seo maidir leis an teaghais ach amháin i gcás inar tugadh deontas iomchuí i leith deisiú ar faoina réim a caitheadh an barrachas, agus, in aon chás den sórt sin, nuair a bheidh an bhreis dleathach á ríomh faoin mír sin (b), laghdófar an cíos bunúsach den chuid de is inchurtha i leith na breise faoin mír sin (g) nó faoin mír sin (e) (de réir mar a bheidh).
(b) I gcás teaghais a ndearnadh, i rith tréimhse iomchuí, barrachas a chaitheamh uirthi mar luaitear i mír (e) d'fho-alt (2) den alt seo (ar caitheamh barrachais é ba chúis le breis dleathach faoina réim), scoirfidh mír (b) den fho-alt sin d'fheidhm a bheith aici maidir leis an teaghais ach amháin i gcás inar tugadh deontas iomchuí i leith deisithe ar faoina réim a caitheadh an barrachas.
(c) San fho-alt seo—
ciallaíonn “tréimhse iomchuí”—
(i) i mír (a)—aon tréimhse dhá bhliain dar críoch an 31ú lá de Nollaig, arbh é an 31ú lá de Nollaig, 1945, é nó aon 31ú lá de Nollaig dá éis nach déanaí ná an 31ú lá de Nollaig, 1960, agus
(ii) i mír (b)—aon tréimhse dhá bhliain dar críoch an 31ú lá de Nollaig, arb é an 31ú lá de Nollaig, 1960, é nó aon 31ú lá de Nollaig ina dhiaidh sin;
ciallaíonn “deontas iomchuí” deontas faoi alt 5 d'Acht na dTithe agus na Sclábhaithe, 1937, faoin alt sin arna leathnú le halt 33 d'Acht na dTithe (Leasú), 1952, nó faoi alt 12 d'Acht na dTithe (Leasú), 1954.
(7) I gcás cuid de chíos bunúsach teaghaise a bheith inchurtha i leith breise faoi mhír (g) d'fho-alt (2) d'alt 11 nó mír (e) d'fho-alt (2) d'alt 17 d'Acht 1946 in aghaidh caiteachais i rith na tréimhse dhá bhliain dar críoch an 31ú lá de Nollaig, 1960, beidh éifeacht ag mír (e) d'fho-alt (2) den alt seo maidir leis an teaghais amhail is dá bhfágtaí ar lár na tagairtí atá inti don 31ú lá de Nollaig, 1960, agus don 31ú lá de Nollaig, 1961.
(8) Chun críocha fho-alt (2) den alt seo, ní dhéanfar méid aon deontais faoi Achtanna na dTithe (Forálacha Airgeadais agus Forálacha Ilghnéitheacha), 1932 go 1958, arna leasú nó arna leathnú le haon achtachán ina dhiaidh sin, a áireamh mar chuid d'aon mhéid a caitheadh ar aon fheabhsú, athrú déanmhais nó deisiú lena mbaineann an fo-alt sin.
(9) Nuair a bheidh feidhm á thabhairt don Chaibidil seo maidir le teaghais bheag, de réir bhrí an Acht Rialtais Áitiúla (Rátaí ar Thithe Cónaithe Beaga), 1928, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha seo a leanas:
(a) ní fholóidh an focal “rátaí” i mír (a) d'fho-alt (2) den alt seo ráta arna ghearradh de bhua an Achta sin is déanaí a luaitear ar úinéir na teaghaise bige, agus
(b) cuirfear an méid a bheidh cíos na teaghaise bige arna mhéadú de bhua alt 6 den Acht sin is déanaí a luaitear san áireamh mar bhreis dleathach nuair a bheidh cíos dleathach na teaghaise bige á ríomh.
Cíos dleathach.
11.—Is é cíos dleathach teaghaise rialaithe—
(a) i gcás nach bhfuil aon bhreis dleathach curtha le cíos bunúsach na teaghaise, cíos bunúsach na teaghaise,
(b) in aon chás eile, suim chíos bunúsach na teaghaise agus na mbreiseanna dleathacha ar an gcéanna.
Caibidil 2.
Cíos a Chinneadh agus Ró-Íocaíochtaí a Aisghabháil.
Eolas maidir le cíos bunúsach nó cíos dleathach.
12.—(1) Tabharfaidh tiarna talún nó tionónta teaghaise rialaithe don Chúirt, ar an gCúirt dá iarraidh sin air, ráiteas i scríbhinn ag tabhairt aon eolais a bheidh ar seilbh nó ar fáil aige agus is gá chun a chumasú don Chúirt cíos bunúsach nó cíos dleathach na teaghaise a chinneadh.
(2) Tabharfaidh tiarna talún teaghaise rialaithe don tionónta, ar an tionónta dá iarraidh sin air i scríbhinn, ráiteas ag tabhairt aon eolais a bheidh ar seilbh nó ar fáil ag an tiarna talún agus is gá chun a chumasú don tionónta cíos bunúsach nó cíos dleathach na teaghaise a chinneadh nó cinneadh a fháil air ón gCúirt.
(3) Tabharfaidh tionónta teaghaise rialaithe don tiarna talún, ar an tiarna talún dá iarraidh sin air i scríbhinn, ráiteas i scríbhinn ag tabhairt aon eolais a bheidh ar seilbh nó ar fáil ag an tionónta agus is gá chun a chumasú don tiarna talún cíos bunúsach nó cíos dleathach na teaghaise a chinneadh nó cinneadh a fháil air ón gCúirt.
(4) Gach conradh, arna dhéanamh an 12ú lá de Mhárta, 1946, agus roimh an dáta feidhme nó arna dhéanamh an dáta feidhme nó dá éis, chun aon leas i dteaghais rialaithe a dhíol is intuigthe foráil a bheith ann (mura bhfuil sé ann go sainráite cheana féin) á cheangal ar an díoltóir aon eolas a thabhairt don cheannaitheoir atá ar seilbh nó ar fáil ag an díoltóir agus is gá chun a chumasú don cheannaitheoir cíos bunúsach nó cíos dleathach na teaghaise nó aon chuid den teaghais a chinneadh.
(5) Gach coinníoll atá i gconradh chun teaghais a dhíol, trína gcoisctear an ceannaitheoir ó fhoréilimh a dhéanamh i dtaobh na nithe a luaitear i bhfo-alt (4) den alt seo, beidh sé ar neamhní.
(6) Más rud é, i gcás aon duine a n-iarrfar air faoi fho-alt (1), (2), nó (3) den alt seo ráiteas a thabhairt agus go mainneoidh sé é sin a dhéanamh laistigh d'ocht lá is fiche nó go dtabharfaidh sé ráiteas uaidh a bheidh bréagach nó míthreorach in aon phonc ábhartha agus nach gcruthófar gur go neamhurchóideach agus gan rún meabhlaíochta a tugadh é, beidh sé ciontach i gcion agus, ar a chiontú ann go hachomair, dlífear fíneáil nach mó ná caoga punt a chur air.
An cíos a íocfaidh tionóntaí a chinneadh.
13.—(1) Déanfar, faoi réir an Achta seo, an cíos a bheidh le n-íoc ag tionónta i leith teaghaise rialaithe a chinneadh de réir na bhforálacha seo a leanas:
(a) i gcás an tiarna talún agus an tionónta a bheith tar éis comhaontú ar an gcíos a bheidh le n-íoc ag an tionónta agus nach mó an cíos ar a mbeifear tar éis comhaontú amhlaidh ná an tsuim arb é cíos dleathach na teaghaise é an tráth sin, is é an cíos ar a mbeifear tar éis comhaontú amhlaidh an cíos a bheidh le n-íoc agus a leanfaidh de bheith le n-íoc, go dtí go n-athrófar é trí chomhaontú nó trí fhógra faoin alt seo, ag an tionónta i leith na teaghaise;
(b) i gcás inar lú an cíos is iníoctha de thuras na huaire ag an tionónta ná an cíos is cíos dleathach de thuras na huaire agus go seirbheálfaidh an tiarna talún fógra faoin alt seo ar an tionónta ag méadú an chíosa go dtí suim nach mó ná an cíos is cíos dleathach de thuras na huaire, ansin, amhail ón dáta ar a dtiocfaidh an fógra in éifeacht is é an cíos arna mhéadú amhlaidh an cíos a bheidh le n-íoc agus a leanfaidh de bheith le n-íoc, go dtí go n-athrófar é trí chomhaontú nó trí fhógra faoin alt seo, ag an tionónta i leith na teaghaise;
(c) i gcás inar mó an cíos is iníoctha de thuras na huaire ag an tionónta ná an cíos is cíos dleathach de thuras na huaire agus go seirbheálfaidh an tionónta fógra faoin alt seo ar an tiarna talún ag laghdú an chíosa go dtí suim is comhionann leis an gcíos is cíos dleathach de thuras na huaire, ansin, amhail ón dáta ar a dtiocfaidh an fógra in éifeacht, is é an cíos arna laghdú amhlaidh an cíos a bheidh le n-íoc agus a leanfaidh de bheith le n-íoc, go dtí go n-athrófar é trí chomhaontú nó trí fhógra faoin alt seo, ag an tionónta i leith na teaghaise;
(d) i gcás ina mbeidh an cíos a bheidh le n-íoc ag tionónta reachtúil gan chinneadh faoi aon mhír acu sin roimhe seo den fho-alt seo, ansin, faoi réir an ailt seo, is é cíos a bheidh le n-íoc agus a leanfaidh de bheith le n-íoc i leith na teaghaise an cíos is iníoctha ag an tionónta de thuras na huaire i leith na teaghaise ar an dáta feidhme, nó an cíos arb é an cíos dleathach é an tráth sin (cibé acu sin is lú) nó, má bhíonn an teaghais ar teachtadh ag an tionónta reachtúil ón dáta feidhme faoi aon chonradh tionóntachta, an cíos is déanaí ab iníoctha aige faoin gconradh sin nó an cíos dleathach an tráth sin (cibé acu is lú);
(e) i gcás ina mbeidh an cíos a bheidh le n-íoc ag tionónta neamhreachtúil gan chinneadh faoi aon mhír acu sin roimhe seo den fho-alt seo, ansin, faoi réir an ailt seo, is é cíos a bheidh le n-íoc agus a leanfaidh de bheith le n-íoc i leith na teaghaise an cíos ab iníoctha ag an tionónta de thuras na huaire i leith na teaghaise ar an dáta feidhme, nó an cíos arbh é an cíos dleathach é an tráth sin (cibé acu sin is lú) nó, má bhíonn an teaghais ar teachtadh ag an tionónta faoi aon chonradh tionóntachta, ar tar éis an dáta feidhme a thosaigh an tionóntacht faoi, an cíos ab iníoctha aige i dtosach na tionóntachta nó an cíos arbh é an cíos dleathach é an tráth sin (cibé acu sin is lú).
(2) I gcás teaghais rialaithe lena mbaineann alt 9 den Acht seo agus nár cinneadh a chíos bunúsach faoin alt sin, má sheirbheálann an tiarna talún ar an tionónta fógra faoin alt seo ag méadú an chíosa go dtí cíos arb é a bheidh ann a gcomhshuim seo a leanas—
(a) an cíos (a bheidh le sonrú san fhógra) a mheasfaidh an tiarna talún a chinnfeadh an Chúirt mar chíos bunúsach, agus
(b) na breiseanna dleathacha (a bheidh le sonrú san fhógra) a mheasfaidh sé a fhéadfaí a chur go cuí leis an gcíos bunúsach sin,
is é an cíos méadaithe sin, an cíos a bheidh le n-íoc agus a leanfaidh de bheith le n-íoc ag an tionónta i leith na teaghaise, go dtí go n-athrófar é trí chomhaontú nó ag an gCúirt.
(3) Gach fógra a sheirbheálfar faoin alt seo is san fhoirm fhorordaithe, nó i bhfoirm sa chéill chéanna go substainteach, a bheidh sé agus beidh na sonraí iomchuí ann a iarrfar san fhoirm.
(4) Beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha seo a leanas maidir le fógraí faoi fho-alt (1) nó fo-alt (2) den alt seo:
(a) i gcás—
(i) ina n-airbheartóidh an fógra an cíos is iníoctha ag tionónta neamhreachtúil a mhéadú go dtí suim is mó ná an tsuim ab iníoctha, faoi théarmaí a chonradh tionóntachta agus gan aird ar aon achtachán (lena n-áirítear an t-Acht seo) trína modhnaítear aon téarma ann a bhaineann le cíos, an tráth a déarfar san fhógra a thiocfaidh an fógra in éifeacht, agus
(ii) nach é bheidh sa mhéadú méadú a bheidh bunaithe amháin ar mhéadú ar na rátaí is iníoctha ar theaghais ar bhain aon tionónta ann leas as an Acht seo nó as aon cheann de na hachtacháin roimhe seo a bhaineann le srianadh cíosa chun laghdú ar chíos na teaghaise a fháil,
tiocfaidh an fógra in éifeacht an dáta a luaitear i cibé fomhír acu seo a leanas is infheidhmithe:
(I) dá bhféadfaí an tionóntacht a fhoirceannadh go dlíthiúil lá ar bith tar éis an fógra a sheirbheáil ach nach déanaí ná an dáta adéarfar san fhógra a thiocfaidh an fógra in éifeacht, an dáta sin,
(II) mura bhféadfaí an tionóntacht a fhoirceannadh amhlaidh, an dáta is luaithe ar a mbeadh éifeacht ag an bhfógra, dá mba fhógra fágála é, chun an tionóntacht a fhoirceannadh;
(b) in aon chás eile, tiocfaidh an fógra in éifeacht ar sheacht lá glan a bheith caite ó dháta a sheirbheála.
(5) Má bhíonn i bhfógra a sheirbheálfar faoin alt seo aon ráiteas nó uiríoll a bheidh bréagach nó míthreorach in aon phonc ábhartha, beidh an duine a rinne an ráiteas nó an t-uiríoll sin nó a chuir faoi deara é a dhéanamh ciontach i gcion agus, ar a chiontú ann go hachomair, dlífear fíneáil nach mó ná deich bpunt a chur air mura gcruthóidh sé gur go neamhurchóideach agus gan rún meabhlaíochta a rinneadh an ráiteas nó an t-uiríoll.
(6) Tráth ar bith tar éis dul in éag d'fhógra faoi mhír (b) d'fho-alt (1) nó faoi fho-alt (2) den alt seo ag méadú cíosa aon teaghaise rialaithe de mhéid is ionann agus aon suim, nó a fholaíonn aon suim, i leith na nithe a luaitear i mír (c), (d) nó (e) d'fho-alt (2) d'alt 10 den Acht seo, féadfaidh an Chúirt ar an tionónta dá iarraidh sin agus más deimhin léi—
(i) maidir leis an gcaiteachas (a mhéid is féidir é a chur maidir le haon ní acu sin) ar seirbheáladh an fógra ina leith, nach ndeachthas faoi nó go raibh sé neamhriachtanach ar fad nó i bpáirt, nó
(ii) nach ndearnadh na feabhsuithe, na hathruithe déanmhais nó an deisiú go sásúil,
an méadú a dhícheadú nó a laghdú dá réir, amhail ó cibé dáta (cibé acu dáta roimh dháta an iarratais é nó nach ea) is oiriúnach leis an gCúirt.
An éifeacht a bheidh ag aistriú a dhéanfar chun tionónta ar ualaigh a bhí roimhe sin ar an tiarna talún.
14.—(1) Aon aistriú a dhéanfar chun tionónta ar aon ualach nó dliteanas a bhí roimhe sin ar an tiarna talún déanfar chun críocha an Achta seo é a áireamh mar athrú cíosa, agus más rud é, de dhroim aistrithe den saghas sin, nach mbeidh na téarmaí ar a mbeidh aon teaghais rialaithe ar teachtadh chomh fabhrach don tionónta, tríd is tríd, leis na téarmaí a bhí ann roimhe sin, measfar an cíos a bheith arna mhéadú, cibé acu a méadaíodh nó nár méadaíodh an tsuim ab iníoctha go tréimhsiúil mar chíos, agus aon mhéadú cíosa i leith aon aistrithe a dhéanfar chun tiarna talún ar aon ualach nó dliteanas a bhí roimhe sin ar an tionónta agus ina dtarlóidh, de dhroim an aistrithe, go mbeidh na téarmaí ar a mbeidh aon teaghais rialaithe ar teachtadh chomh fabhrach ar a laghad don tionónta, tríd is tríd, leis na téarmaí a bhí ann roimhe sin, measfar nach méadú cíosa é chun críocha an Achta seo.
(2) Chun críche an ailt seo, ní mheasfar an cíos a bheith arna mhéadú i gcás ina ndéanfar an dliteanas i leith rátaí a aistriú ón tiarna talún chun an tionónta má dhéantar a chothrom sin de laghdú ar an gcíos.
Laghdú ar chíos toisc an tiarna talún á mhainniú teaghais rialaithe a choimeád i ndeisriocht.
15.—(1) Féadfaidh an tionónta nó an t-údarás sláintíochta, ar fhógra a thabhairt don tiarna talún, iarratas a dhéanamh tráth ar bith chun na Cúirte ag lorg ordú ag laghdú cíosa aon teaghaise rialaithe lenar bhain Caibidil I de Chuid II d'Acht 1946 ar an bhforas nach bhfuil an teaghais i ndeis mhaith intionóntaithe ar gach slí.
(2) I gcás ina ndéanfar aon iarratas faoin alt seo, féadfaidh an Chúirt ar bheith deimhnitheach di nach bhfuil an teaghais i ndeis mhaith intionóntaithe ar gach slí agus ar é a chruthú di freisin gurb é is cúis ar fad nó go formhór leis an mbail atá ar an teaghais an tiarna talún á mhainniú cibé deisiúchán a dhéanamh a cheanglaítear air a dhéanamh de bhua aon chúnaint nó chomhaontaithe, nó ar shlí eile trí oibriú an dlí (lena n-áirítear an tAcht seo), a ordú an cíos a bheidh le n-íoc ar an teaghais a laghdú cibé méid, nach mó ná fiche faoin gcéad den chíos dleathach, is cuí leis an gCúirt.
(3) Chun críocha an ailt seo, beidh deimhniú ón údarás sláintíochta á dheimhniú nach bhfuil an teaghais rialaithe lena mbaineann an t-iarratas i ndeis mhaith intionóntaithe ar gach slí ina fhianaise prima facie ar na fíorais a bheidh deimhnithe amhlaidh.
(4) I gcás ina ndéanfar ordú faoi fho-alt (2) den alt seo, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha seo a leanas:
(a) fanfaidh an t-ordú i bhfeidhm mura ndéanfaidh agus go dtí go ndéanfaidh an Chúirt, ar an tiarna talún á iarraidh sin, agus ar bheith deimhnitheach di go ndearnadh an deisiúchán go léir arb é an mhainneachtain ann ab fhoras leis an ordú a dhéanamh, ordú ag foirceannadh an laghdaithe;
(b) más rud é, ar an tiarna talún do dhéanamh aon iarratais den sórt sin, go ndiúltóidh an Chúirt ordú a dhéanamh ag foirceannadh an laghdaithe agus gur deimhin léi gurb é is cúis ar fad nó go formhór leis an deisiúchán sin a bheith riachtanach an tiarna talún do leanúint de bheith ag déanamh mainneachtana nó faillí, féadfaidh an Chúirt, d'ainneoin aon ní dá bhfuil san Acht seo, a ordú gurb é cíos a bheidh le n-íoc i leith na teaghaise go ceann cibé tréimhse is cuí leis an gCúirt an cíos sin nó cibé suim eile, nach lú ná ochtó faoin gcéad den chíos dleathach, a chinnfidh an Chúirt.
(5) Ar aon iarratas a dhéanamh chun údaráis sláintíochta ag lorg deimhnithe chun críocha an ailt seo, beidh táille chúig scilling iníoctha, ach, i gcás ina mbeidh an táille sin íoctha ag an tionónta, féadfaidh an Chúirt a ordú go mbeidh sé i dteideal an táille a bhaint as aon íocaíocht chíosa ina dhiaidh sin.
(6) San alt seo ciallaíonn an abairt “údarás sláintíochta” an t-údarás sláintíochta faoi na hAchtanna Rialtais Áitiúil (Seirbhísí Sláintíochta), 1878 go 1952.
Suimeanna a dhearbhaítear a bheith do-aisghabhála.
16.—Más rud é—
(a) go mbeidh cíos teaghaise rialaithe (is teaghais lena mbaineann alt 7 den Acht seo) in aghaidh aon tréimhse dar tosach an dáta feidhme nó dáta dá éis sin níos mó ná an cíos a bheidh le n-íoc (de réir an Achta seo) ar an teaghais sin in aghaidh na tréimhse sin, nó
(b) go mbeidh cíos teaghaise rialaithe (is teaghais lena mbaineann alt 9 den Acht seo) in aghaidh aon tréimhse dar tosach dáta tionscnamh na n-imeachtaí ina gcinnfidh an Chúirt an cíos bunúsach nó dáta dá éis sin níos mó ná an cíos a bheidh le n-íoc (de réir an Achta seo) ar an teaghais sin in aghaidh na tréimhse sin,
ansin, d'ainneoin aon chomhaontú contrártha dó sin, beidh méid an bharrachais do-aisghabhála ó thionónta na teaghaise.
Ró-íocaíochtaí a aisghabháil.
17.—(1) I gcás aon suim—
(a) a bheith arna híoc i leith aon chíosa a bheidh faibhrithe chun bheith dlite tar éis an dáta feidhme, agus
(b) ar suim í a ndearbhaítear le halt 16 den Acht seo í a bheith do-aisghabhála ón tionónta,
beidh an tsuim sin, faoi réir alt 18 den Acht seo, inaisghabhála ón tiarna talún a fuair an íocaíocht nó óna ionadaí pearsanta dlíthiúil ag an tionónta a d'íoc í nó ag a ionadaí pearsanta dlíthiúil.
(2) Má chuireann aon duine in aon chíosleabhar nó doiciméad dá shamhail taifead a thaispeánfaidh nó a airbheartóidh a thaispeáint go bhfuil aon tionónta i riaráiste maidir le haon suim a dhearbhaítear leis an Acht seo a bheith do-aisghabhála, beidh an duine sin ciontach i gcion agus, ar a chiontú ann go hachomair, dlífear fíneáil nach mó ná deich bpunt a chur air mura gcruthóidh sé gur go neamhurchóideach agus gan rún meabhlaíochta a ghníomhaigh sé agus go ndearnadh an taifead i leith tréimhse a raibh imeachtaí i leith na teaghaise rialaithe ar feitheaml.
Teorainn le ró-íocaíochtaí aisghabháil.
18.—(1) Ní bheidh duine ar bith i dteideal aisghabháil a dhéanamh in aon slí ar aon suim a bheidh íoctha i leith cíos a dhearbhaítear le halt 16 den Acht seo a bheith do-aisghabhála ón tionónta ach amháin laistigh den dá bhliain díreach tar éis an tsuim sin a íoc.
(2) Gan dochar d'aon imeachtaí a tionscnaíodh roimh dháta an Achta seo a rith, ní bheidh teideal ag duine ar bith aon suim a aisghabháil in aon slí a íocadh i leith cíos a dhearbhaítear le halt 23 d'Acht 1946 a bheith do-aisghabhála ón tionónta.
CUID III.
Forálacha Speisialta chun Faoiseamh a Thabhairt do Thionóntaí Teaghaisí Rialaithe Beaga.
Léiriú Chuid III.
19.—(1) Sa Chuid seo—
ciallaíonn “limistéar ceaptha” aon limistéar arb é atá ann—
(a) an limistéar arb éard é—
(i) contae-bhuirg Bhaile Átha Cliath,
(ii) buirg Dhún Laoghaire, agus
(iii) na codanna de Cheantar Ardchathrach Bhaile Átha Cliath lasmuigh den limistéar arb éard atá ann contae-bhuirg Bhaile Átha Cliath agus buirg Dhún Laoghaire,
(b) contae-bhuirg Chorcaí,
(c) contae-bhuirg Luimnigh,
(d) contae-bhuirg Phort Láirge, nó
(e) aon limistéar a bhforordaítear le rialacháin atá i bhfeidhm de thuras na huaire gur limistéar ceaptha é chun críocha na Coda seo;
ciallaíonn “ceantar cúirte”—
(a) i gcás inar i gCeantar Ardchathrach Bhaile Átha Cliath atá an teaghais iomchuí—an Ceantar sin, agus
(b) in aon chás eile—an ceantar cúirte dúiche ina bhfuil an teaghais iomchuí;
ciallaíonn “cíos láithreach” an cíos is iníoctha ag tionónta ar theaghais rialaithe bheag díreach roimh é do dhéanamh iarratais ag lorg ordú sealadach i leith na teaghaise;
ciallaíonn “ordú sealadach” ordú faoi alt 21 den Acht seo;
ciallaíonn “teaghais rialaithe bheag” teaghais rialaithe i limistéar ceaptha, is teaghais lenar bhain Caibidil I de Chuid II d'Acht 1948 agus arb éard í—
(a) i gcás an limistéar sin a bheith forordaithe le rialacháin, teaghais nach mó a luacháil inrátaithe ná cibé méid (nach mó ná deich bpunt) a bheidh forordaithe, nó
(b) in aon chás eile, teaghais nach mó ná deich bpunt a luacháil inrátaithe.
(2) Aon tagairt atá sa Chuid seo don Chléireach Cúirte Dúiche déanfar, má bhíonn beirt Chléireach Cúirte Dúiche nó níos mó ann don cheantar cúirte a bheidh i gceist, í a fhorléiriú mar thagairt d'aon Chléireach acu sin.
(3) I gcás ina bhforáiltear sa Chuid seo go gcuirfidh Breitheamh Dúiche faoi deara doiciméad a sheirbheáil, féadfar é a sheirbheáil mar a sheirbheálfaí gairm faoi rialacha na Cúirte Dúiche a bheidh i bhfeidhm de thuras na huaire.
Iarrntais ar orduithe sealadacha.
20.—(1) Féadfaidh tionónta teaghaise is teaghais a mbeidh sé á éileamh gur teaghais rialaithe bheag í iarratas a dhéanamh chun an Bhreithimh Dúiche a bheidh sannta don dúiche ina mbeidh an teaghais ag lorg ordú sealadach ag cinneadh cíos dleathach na teaghaise.
(2) Gach iarratas a dhéanfar faoin alt seo déanfar é tríd an tionónta a theacht, i bpearsain nó trí ghníomhaire, i láthair an Chléirigh Chúirte Dúiche don cheantar cúirte ina mbeidh an teaghais a bheidh i gceist agus do thabhairt sonraí mar thacaíocht lena éileamh don Chléireach Cúirte Dúiche sin agus déanfaidh seisean na sonraí sin a thaifeadadh agus an t-iarratas a tharchur, a luaithe is féidir, chun an Bhreithimh Dúiche iomchuí.
(3) Duine ar bith a thabharfaidh nó a chuirfidh faoi deara go dtabharfar don Chléireach Cúirte Dúiche, i dtacaíocht le hiarratas faoin alt seo, sonraí a bheidh bréagach nó míthreorach in aon phone ábhartha, beidh sé, mura gcruthóidh sé gur go neamhurchóideach agus gan rún meabhlaíochta a ghníomhaigh sé, ciontach i gcion agus, ar a chiontú ann go hachomair, dlífear fineáil nach mó ná deich bpunt a chur air.
(4) Má ghníomhaíonn duine, nach aturnae, mar ghníomhaire do dhuine ar bith i gcás iarratais faoin alt seo go díreach nó go neamhdhíreach le haghaidh nó de shúil luaíochta, nó má fhaigheann sé luach saothair go díreach nó go neamhdhíreach as cistí aon chomhlachta chorpraithe nó neamhchorpraithe daoine a mbeidh nó a raibh an tionónta ina chomhalta de nó ar thug sé síntiús dá chiste, beidh sé ciontach i gcion agus, gan dochar d'é a bheith inchiontaithe in aon chion eile a mbeidh sé ciontach ann, dlífear, ar é a chiontú ann go hachomair, fíneáil nach mó ná céad punt a chur air nó, de rogha na Cúirte, príosúnacht ar feadh téarma nach faide ná sé mhí nó an fhíneáil sin agus an phríosúnacht sin le chéile.
Orduithe sealadacha a dhéanamh.
21.—(1) I gcás iarratas faoi alt 20 den Acht seo a tharchur chun Breithimh Dúiche—
(a) déileálfaidh an Breitheamh Dúiche leis an iarratas go príobháideach mura dtarlóidh gur iomchuí éisteacht i gcúirt oscailte de réir mhír (e) den fho-alt seo;
(b) mura dóigh leis gur chóir diúltú don iarratas, cuirfidh an Breitheamh Dúiche faoi deara go seirbheálfar fógra ar an tiarna talún á chur in iúl dó go ndearnadh an t-iarratas, ag tabhairt sonraí ar an iarratas agus á cheangal air aon eolas a bheidh ar seilbh ag an tiarna talún agus a chabhródh leis an mBreitheamh chun ordú sealadach a dhéanamh ag cinneadh cíos dleathach na teaghaise a thabhairt, laistigh de cheithre lá dhéag tar éis an fógra a sheirbheáil, do Chléireach Cúirte Dúiche an cheantair cúirte ina bhfuil an teaghais;
(c) a luaithe is féidir tar éis an t-eolas sin a thabhairt nó ar an gceithre lá dhéag sin a bheith caite (cibé acu is túisce a tharlóidh) agus, má dhéantar tarchur faoi alt 28, tar éis an tuarascáil a fháil a dhéanfar ar an tarchur, déanfaidh an Breitheamh Dúiche mar a leanas faoi réir mhíreanna (d) agus (e) den fho-alt seo:
(i) i gcás inar dóigh leis—
(I) gur teaghais rialaithe bheag lena mbaineann alt 7 den Acht seo an teaghais agus nach mó an cíos bunúsach, de mhéid is mó ná an t-ochtú cuid den chíos bunúsach, ná an cíos a chinnfeadh an Chúirt mar chíos bunúsach na teaghaise dá mba theaghais lena mbaineann alt 9 den Acht seo an teaghais agus dá mbeadh “(is teaghaisí lenar bhain Caibidil I de Chuid II d'Acht 1946)” i bhfo-alt (2) den alt sin 9 i ndiaidh “teaghaisí rialaithe”, nó
(II) gur teaghais rialaithe bheag lena mbaineann alt 9 den Acht seo an teaghais, a mbeidh an Chúirt tar éis a cíos bunúsach a chinneadh cheana féin, agus gur féidir méid an chíosa bhunúsaigh sin a fháil amach,
féadfaidh sé le hordú na nithe seo a leanas a chinneadh go sealadach—
(A) na breiseanna dleathacha ar chíos bunúsach na teaghaise, agus
(B) cíos dleathach na teaghaise;
(ii) i gcás inar dóigh leis gur teaghais rialaithe bheag nach mbaineann fomhír (i) den mhír seo léi an teaghais, féadfaidh sé le hordú na nithe seo a leanas a chinneadh go sealadach—
(I) cíos bunúsach na teaghaise faoi alt 9 den Acht seo,
(II) na breiseanna dleathacha ar chíos bunúsach na teaghaise, agus
(III) cíos dleathach na teaghaise;
(d) i gcás inar dóigh leis an mBreitheamh Dúiche go mbeadh cíos dleathach na teaghaise, dá gcinntí é le hordú sealadach, comhionann leis an gcíos láithreach nó níos mó ná é, díbhfidh sé an t-iarratas agus cuirfidh sé faoi deara go gcuirfear an díbhe in iúl don tionónta agus don tiarna talún agus freisin nach ndéanann an díbhe dochar do cheart cheachtar acu iarratas a dhéanamh chun na Cúirte faoin Acht seo, seachas an Chuid seo, á iarraidh an cíos a chinneadh;
(e) i gcás—
(i) nach deimhin leis an mBreitheamh Dúiche go bhfuil dlínse aige ordú sealadach a dhéanamh, nó
(ii) inar éiligh an tiarna talún breis i leith airgead a líomhnaítear a caitheadh ar fheabhsú, athrú déanmhais nó deisiú agus nach deimhin leis an mBreitheamh Dúiche gur chóir éileamh an tiarna thalún a cheadú gan fianaise fhoirmiúil agus gan caoi a thabhairt don tionónta an t-éileamh a chonspóidiú,
éistfidh an Breitheamh Dúiche an t-iarratas i gcúirt oscailte agus, chuige sin, cuirfidh sé faoi deara an t-iarratas a chur ar an liosta éisteachta, socróidh sé dáta le haghaidh na héisteachta agus cuirfidh sé faoi deara é sin a chur in iúl don tiarna talún agus don tionónta (ag a mbeidh teideal láithriú agus go bhfeidhmeofaí ar a shon) ag an éisteacht;
(f) mura mbeidh an teaghais luacháilte ar leithligh faoi na hAchtanna Luachála agus mura mbeidh cionroinnt déanta ina leith cheana féin faoi alt 41 den Acht seo, ansin, chun críocha an Achta seo, féadfaidh an Breitheamh Dúiche le hordú cibé cuid is cuí leis de luacháil inrátaithe na maoine ar cuid di an teaghais a chionroinnt go sealadach i leith na teaghaise;
(g) más dóigh leis an mBreitheamh Dúiche go bhfuil ar áireamh cíos na teaghaise íocaíochtaí i leith aon ní acu sin dá dtagraítear i mír (d) d'fho-alt (2) d'alt 3 den Acht seo, féadfaidh sé leis an ordú sealadach (má dhéantar é) an cíos a chionroinnt chun críocha an Achta seo agus, dá réir sin, forléireofar tagairtí don Chúirt sa mhír sin mar thagairtí a fholaíonn tagairtí don Bhreitheamh Dúiche a bheidh ag déileáil leis an iarratas.
(2) Ní bheidh aon ábhar achomhairc chun na Cúirte Cuarda ann i gcoinne cinneadh Bhreithimh Dúiche ar iarratas faoi alt 20 den Acht seo.
Forálacha maidir le horduithe sealadacha.
22.—(1) I gcás ina ndéanfaidh Breitheamh Dúiche ordú sealadach maidir le haon teaghais, cuirfidh sé faoi deara, a luaithe is féidir, go seirbheálfar cóip de ar an tiarna talún agus ar an tionónta.
(2) Faoi réir mhír (a) d'fho-alt (1) d'alt 23 agus d'ainneoin alt 13 den Acht seo, is é cíos a bheidh le n-íoc ar theaghais lena mbaineann ordú sealadach, amhail ar an gcéad lá gála tar éis an t-ordú a dhéanamh agus ón lá sin amach agus an fad a leanfaidh an t-ordú sealadach i bhfeidhm, an cíos dleathach a chinnfear leis an ordú sealadach.
(3) Ní bhunófar aon imeachtaí faoi Chuid II den Acht seo chun cíos bunúsach aon teaghaise a chinneadh an fad a bheidh ordú sealadach i bhfeidhm ina leith nó an fad a bheidh iarratas ina leith ar feitheamh faoin gCuid seo.
Iarratas ó thiarna talún nó ó thionónta maidir le hordú sealadach.
23.—(1) Féadfaidh tiarna talún nó tionónta aon teaghaise a mbeidh ordú sealadach déanta ina leith, laistigh de mhí tar éis cóip den ordú sealadach a sheirbheáil air, a iarraidh ar an gCúirt Dúiche téarmaí an ordaithe shealadaigh a chúlghairm nó a mhodhnú, agus air sin beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha seo a leanas:
(a) más dóigh leis an gCúirt, ar an iarratas a éisteacht, nach teaghais rialaithe bheag an teaghais, déanfaidh sí, faoi réir mhír (a) d'fho-alt (2) den alt seo, an t-ordú sealadach a chúlghairm le héifeacht chúlghabhálach ó dháta a dhéanta;
(b) in aon chás eile, féadfaidh an Chúirt, de réir mar is cuí léi—
(i) téarmaí an ordaithe shealadaigh a dhaingniú fara modhnú nó gan modhnú, nó
(ii) an t-ordú sealadach a chúlghairm agus cibé ordú nua a dhéanamh is gá sa chás maidir leis an teaghais;
(c) má dhéantar ordú faoi mhír (b) den fho-alt seo, ansin, amhail ó dháta a dhéanta agus ón dáta sin amach agus d'ainneoin aon ní dá bhfuil in aon fhoráil eile den Acht seo—
(i) beidh éifeacht ag an ordú sin amhail is dá mba é an cinneadh deiridh é ag an gCúirt Dúiche maidir leis na nithe lena mbainfidh an t-ordú sin,
(ii) scoirfidh an t-ordú sealadach de bheith i bhfeidhm, agus
(iii) chun críche feidhme alt 13 den Acht seo, measfar an tionónta a bheith tar éis comhaontú a dhéanamh leis an tiarna talún chun cíos a íoc i leith na teaghaise is comhionann le cíos dleathach na teaghaise mar a cinneadh sin leis an ordú sin a rinneadh faoi mhír (b) den fho-alt seo;
(d) féadfaidh an Chúirt, ar an iarratas a éisteacht, ordú a dhéanamh á ordú go n-íocfar, i cibé slí a ordóidh an Chúirt, aon suim a bheidh dlite de cheachtar páirtí ag an bpáirtí eile maidir leis an teaghais, cibé acu i leith cíosa é nó faoi aon fhoráil den Acht seo.
(2) Más rud é, ar iarratas ó thiarna talún faoin alt seo, go ndéanfar ordú sealadach a chúlghairm nó a mhodhnú faoi fho-alt (1) den alt seo ar fhoras eolas (i bhfoirm fianaise a tugadh ar aird aige nó thar a cheann) a dhiúltaigh nó a d'fhailligh sé a thabhairt de bhun fhógra a seirbheáladh air faoi mhír (b) d'fho-alt (1) d'alt 21 den Acht seo—
(a) ní thabharfaidh an Chúirt éifeacht chúlghabhálach do chúlghairm nó do mhodhnú an ordaithe, cibé acu é, agus
(b) mura n-ordóidh an Chúirt a mhalairt ar chúis mhaith, déanfar costais a dhámhachtain i gcoinne an tiarna talún agus má tháinig luachálaí, a bhí tar éis tuarascáil ar an teaghais iomchuí a thabhairt de bhun alt 28 den Acht seo, i láthair le linn éisteacht an iarratais, ordófar don tiarna talún cibé táille a shocróidh an Chúirt a íoc i leith é a theacht i láthair.
(3) Is mar is rogha leis an gCúirt a bheidh maidir le costais na bpáirtithe in iarratas faoin alt seo, faoi réir mhír (b) d'fho-alt (2) den alt seo, ach ní dhámhfar aon chostais i gcoinne an tionónta in aon chás ina gcruthófar gur mhó an cíos láithreach ná an cíos dleathach.
(4) Más rud é, ar an tiarna talún do dhéanamh achomhairc chun na Cúirte Cuarda i gcoinne ordú a bheidh déanta ag an gCúirt Dúiche faoin alt seo, go ndeimhneoidh an Chúirt Chuarda gur cuí, ag féachaint do chúrsaí uile an cháis, iomlán an mhéid nó cuid shonraithe den mhéid a dhlífidh an tionónta i leith costas an achomhairc (lena n-áirítear costais an tionónta féin agus na costais (más ann) a dhlífidh an tionónta, faoi ordú na Cúirte, a íoc leis an tiarna talún) a íoc as cistí Stáit, déanfaidh an tAire méid na gcostas a mbeidh an deimhniú sin tugtha ina dtaobh a íoc as airgead arna sholáthar ag an Oireachtas.
Forálacha ag a mbeidh feidhm mura ndéanfaidh an tiarna talún nó an tionónta iarratas.
24.—(1) I gcás ina mbeifear tar éis ordú sealadach a dhéanamh agus—
(a) go mbeidh an tiarna talún gan iarratas a dhéanamh, laistigh de mhí tar éis an dáta a sheirbheálfar cóip den ordú air, faoi fho-alt (1) d'alt 23 den Acht seo, agus
(b) go mbeidh an tionónta gan iarratas a dhéanamh, laistigh de mhí tar éis an dáta a seirbheálfar cóip den ordú air, faoin bhfo-alt sin,
beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha seo a leanas d'ainneoin aon ní atá in aon fhoráil eile den Acht seo:
(i) measfar téarmaí an ordaithe shealadaigh a bheith daingnithe ag an gCúirt Dúiche le hordú faoi fho-alt (1) d'alt 23 den Acht seo agus beidh feidhm ag forálacha mhír (c) den fho-alt sin dá réir sin;
(ii) ní bheidh aon ábhar achomhairc chun na Cúirte Cuarda ann i gcoinne ordú daingnithe a mheasfar a rinneadh amhlaidh.
(2) A luaithe is féidir tar éis forálacha fho-alt (1) den alt seo a theacht in éifeacht maidir le haon teaghais, tabharfaidh an Breitheamh Dúiche ag a mbeidh dlínse chun críocha an Achta seo sa dúiche ina mbeidh an teaghais go seirbheálfar ar an tiarna talún agus ar an tionónta fógra, san fhoirm fhorordaithe, á chur sin in iúl do na daoine sin, ach mura gcomhlíonfar forálacha an fho-ailt seo ní fhorléireofar sin mar ní a dhéanfaidh dochar d'oibriú an fho-ailt sin (1).
Díolúine ó tháillí Cúirte.
25.—Ní hiníoctha aon táillí cúirte ag an tionónta in aon imeachtaí (lena n-áirítear aon achomharc nó cás sonraithe) faoin gCuid seo.
Athbhreithniú ar fhorais calaoise, neamhchoinne, dearmaid nó míchumais.
26.—(1) Más rud é, faoi mhír (i) d'fho-alt (1) d'alt 24 den Acht seo, go measfar téarmaí ordaithe shealadaigh a bheith daingnithe, féadfaidh an tiarna talún nó an tionónta tráth ar bith a iarraidh ar an gCúirt an cás a athbhreithniú ar fhorais calaoise, neamhchoinne, dearmaid nó míchumais.
(2) Más rud é, an iarratas faoin alt seo, gur deimhin leis an gCúirt go raibh aon fhoras ann is foras ar a ndearnadh an t-iarratas, féadfaidh an Chúirt cibé orduithe nua agus orduithe breise a dhéanamh is gá de réir cheartais, lena n-áirítear aon ordú ag dámhachtain costas is cuí leis an gCúirt.
(3) Féadfaidh ordú faoi fho-alt (2) den alt seo éifeacht aon ordaithe roimhe sin sa chás a mhodhnú nó a fhoirceannadh agus, i gcás ina gcruthófar calaois, féadfaidh an t-ordú sin a bheith cúlghabhálach.
Luachálaithe Cúirte Dúiche.
27.—(1) Féadfaidh an tAire le ceadú an Aire Airgeadais, cibé daoine agus cibé méid daoine is oiriúnach leis a cheapadh chun bheith ina luachálaithe cúirte dúiche chun críocha na Coda seo.
(2) Beidh gach luachálaí cúirte dúiche i seilbh oifige an fad is toil leis an Aire agus féadfaidh an tAire é a chur as oifig.
(3) Is é an tAire Airgeadais a chinnfidh luach saothair luachálaithe cúirte dúiche maraon lena gcoinníollacha seirbhíse i gcoitinne.
(4) Déanfar gach luachálaí cúirte dúiche a shannadh do cibé dúiche a ordóidh an tAire ó am go ham.
(5) Ní bheidh feidhm ag Acht Choimisinéirí na Stát-Sheirbhíse, 1956, ná ag Acht Rialaithe na Stát-Sheirbhíse, 1956, maidir le post luachálaí cúirte dúiche.
Breithiúna Dúiche do tharchur ceisteanna i dtaobh luacháil inrátaithe nó cíos teaghaisí rlalaithe beaga chun luachálaithe.
28.—(1) Féadfaidh an Breitheamh Dúiche a bheidh sannta do dhúiche dá mbeidh luachálaí cúirte dúiche sannta aon cheist a tharchur chun an luachálaí cúirte dúiche sin lena fiosrú agus tuarascáil ina taobh a thabhairt dó is ceist a bhainfidh leis an luacháil inrátaithe nó an cíos ar theaghais rialaithe bheag is ábhar d'aon imeachtaí os a chomhair faoin gCuid seo nó a bhainfidh leis an gcíos a bheidh á íoc nó a bheidh iníoctha ar theaghaisí rialaithe beaga eile.
(2) Féadfaidh an Breitheamh Dúiche a bheidh sannta do dhúiche nach mbeidh luachálaí cúirte dúiche sannta di aon cheist a tharchur chun cibé duine (dá ngairtear luachálaí speisialta san alt seo) is oiriúnach leis lena fiosrú agus tuarascáil ina taobh a thabhairt dó is ceist a bhainfidh leis an luacháil inrátaithe nó an cíos ar aon teaghais rialaithe bheag is ábhar d'imeachtaí os a chomhair faoin gCuid seo nó a bhainfidh leis an gcíos a bheidh á íoc nó a bheidh iníoctha ar theaghaisí rialaithe beaga eile.
(3) I gcás ina dtabharfar tuarascáil ar tharchur a dhéanfar faoi fho-alt (1) nó fo-alt (2) den alt seo maidir le himeachtaí faoin gCuid seo—
(a) beidh teideal ag tiarna talún agus tionónta na teaghaise rialaithe iomchuí cóipeanna den tuarascáil a fháil ar iarratas a dhéanamh chun oifig na cúirte dúiche, agus
(b) féadfaidh an Breitheamh Dúiche, agus déanfaidh sé ar iarratas bona fide ón tiarna talún nó ón tionónta sin, a cheangal ar an luachálaí a bheith i láthair ag na himeachtaí.
(4) Íocfaidh an tAire luach saothair le luachálaithe speisialta de réir cibé rátaí a ordóidh an tAire Airgeadais.
(5) Aon luachálaí cúirte dúiche nó luachálaí speisialta a mbeidh Breitheamh Dúiche tar éis aon cheist a tharchur chuige faoi fho-alt (1) nó fo-alt (2) den alt seo, féadfaidh sé, má bhíonn údarás aige i scríbhinn ón mBreitheamh Dúiche chuige sin agus ar é do thaispeáint an údaráis sin, má iarrtar sin air, dul isteach agus iniúchadh a dhéanamh gach tráth réasúnach in aon teaghais a bheidh sonraithe chuige sin san údarás sin.
(6) Má dhiúltaíonn duine ar bith ligean do luachálaí cúirte dúiche dul isteach nó iniúchadh a dhéanamh in aon teaghais i bhfeidhmiú a chumhachtaí faoi fho-alt (5) den alt seo, nó má choisceann nó má bhacann sé é agus é ag feidhmiú na gcumhachtaí sin, beidh sé ciontach i gcion agus, ar a chiontú ann go hachomair, dlífear príosúnacht ar feadh téarma nach faide ná mí nó fíneáil nach mó ná deich bpunt a chur air nó an phríosúnacht sin agus an fhíneáil sin le chéile.
CUID IV.
Srianta le Seilbh Teaghaisí Rialaithe a Aisghabháil.
Sríanta le ceart an tiarna talún chun seilbh teaghaise rialaithe.
29.—(1) Faoi réir fho-ailt (3) agus (4) den alt seo, ní dhéanfar ordú i leith seilbh teaghaise rialaithe a aisghabháil mura measfaidh an Chúirt gur réasúnach an rud é an t-ordú a dhéanamh agus mura rud é—
(a) nár íocadh aon chíos a bhí dlite go dleathach den tionónta, nó gur briseadh nó nár combhíonadh aon oibleagáid eile a ghabh leis an tionóntacht, cibé acu faoin gconradh tionóntachta (a mhéid a bheidh sin ar comhréir leis an Acht seo) nó faoin Acht seo é, nó
(b) go raibh aon duine (arb é an tionónta é, ró aon duine in aontíos leis an tionónta, nó aon duine de lóistéirí nó d'fhothionóntaithe an tionónta) ciontach in iompar ba núis nó ciapadh ar an tiarna talún nó a ghníomhaire, nó ar áititheoirí tadhlacha nó gur úsáid sé an teaghais nó gur cheadaigh sé an teaghais a úsáid chun críche mímhorálta nó neamhdhleathaí (cibé acu a rinneadh nó nach ndearnadh é a chiontú mar gheall ar é a úsáid, nó a cheadú é a úsáid, amhlaidh), nó
(c) gurb é tuairim na Cúirte go dtáinig mí-bhail ar an teaghais de dheasca aon duine den sórt sin do dhéanamh beartanna diomailte nó do dhéanamh faillí nó mainneachtana, nó
(d) gur thug an tionónta fógra fágála, agus de dheasca an fhógra sin go ndearna an tiarna talún conradh chun an teaghais a dhíol nó a ligean nó go ndearna sé aon bhearta eile arb é tuairim na Cúirte go dtiocfadh dochar mór dó astu mura bhféadfadh sé seilbh a fháil, nó
(e) go bhfuil an teaghais ag teastáil go réasúnach ón tiarna talún le haghaidh a áitithe mar áit chónaithe dó féin nó d'aon duine atá, nó atá le bheith, bona fide in aontíos leis agus—
(i) gurb é tuairim na Cúirte gur mó an cruatan a thiocfadh, toisc cúrsaí speisialta an cháis, d'é a dhiúltú an t-ordú seilbhe a dheonú ná d'é a dheonú, nó
(ii) gur deimhin leis an gCuirt go bhfuil cóiríocht ionadúil ar fáil, i dteaghais rialaithe, atá réasúnta oiriúnach le haghaidh riachtanas cónaithe agus eile an tionónta agus a theaghlaigh, nó
(f) go bhfuil an teaghais ag teastáil go réasúnach ón tiarna talún le haghaidh a áitithe mar áit chónaithe do dhuine éigin atá ar fostaíocht lánaimsire aige, agus gur deimhin leis an gCúirt go bhfuil cóiríocht ionadúil ar fáil, i dteaghais rialaithe, atá réasúnta oiriúnach le haghaidh riachtanas cónaithe agus eile an tionónta agus a theaghlaigh, nó
(g) go bhfuil an teaghais ag teastáil bona fide ón tiarna talún le haghaidh a áitithe mar áit chónaithe do dhuine éigin a bhfuil teaghais rialaithe ar teachtadh aige mar thionónta don tiarna talún agus a theachtaigh amhlaidh í ar feadh tréimhse nár ghiorra ná dhá mhí dhéag agus gur deimhin leis an gCúirt—
(i) go bhfuil nó go mbeidh cóiríocht ionadúil ar fáil sa teaghais rialaithe sin, agus
(ii) go bhfuil an chóiríocht ionadúil sin réasúnta oiriúnach le haghaidh riachtanas cónaithe agus eile an tionónta óna mbeartaítear seilbh a aisghabháil, nó
(h) go bhfuil an teaghais ag teastáil go réasúnach le haghaidh feidhmiú dualgas, cumhachtaí nó ceanglas Aire Stáit nó Choimisiún na Talún nó Choimisinéirí na nOibreacha Poiblí in Éirinn nó údaráis áitiúil nó ghnóthaire reachtúil, nó
(i) go bhfuil an tiarna talún i gcruachás airgid agus gur ó fuair sé an teaghais a tharla sin dó agus nach féidir é a fhuascailt ach amháin trí sheilbh na teaghaise a aisghabháil le hintinn í a dhíol agus go bhfuil sé sásta cibé suim is cuí leis an gCúirt a íoc mar chúiteamh leis an tionónta gan an tsuim sin a bheith níos mó ná cíos trí bliana (lena n-áirítear rátaí, cibé acu gur ag an tionónta is iníoctha iad nó nach ea), nó
(j) go bhfuil seilbh na teaghaise ag teastáil ar mhaithe le dea-bhainistíocht eastáit nó chun tuilleadh teaghaisí a thógáil nó chun áitreabh a úsáidtear le haghaidh aon ghnó, trádáil nó gairm a thógáil nó a leathnú agus go bhfuil an tiarna talún sásta cibé suim is cuí leis an gCúirt a íoc mar chúiteamh leis an tionónta is suim nach lú na cíos trí bliana (lena n-áirítear rátaí, cibé acu gur ag an tionónta is iníoctha iad nó nach ea), nó
(k) gur deimhin leis an gCúirt, i gcás inar teaghais í an teaghais a gceanglaítear ar an tionónta lena chonradh tionóntachta gnó a sheoladh ann nach mbaineann, go hiomlán nó go páirteach, ach le déileáil in earraí a tháirgeann nó a sholáthraíonn an tiarna talún, go bhfuil, nó gur dócha go mbeidh, dochar á dhéanamh do dhíol an n-earraí sin mar gheall ar neamhoiriúnacht an tionónta nó an chuma ina bhfuil an gnó á sheoladh.
(2) Nuair a bheifear á bhreithniú an rud réasúnach é ordú a dhéanamh le haghaidh seilbh ar theaghais rialaithe a aisghabháil, tabharfaidh an Chúirt aird ar an méid, más aon mhéid é, ba chúis iompar an tiarna talún leis na forais a bheith ann ar a bhfuil sé ag brath mar thaca lena iarratas ar sheilbh a aisghabháil.
(3) Ní dhéanfaidh aon ní i bhfo-alt (1) den alt seo difir do cheart an tiarna talún ordú a fháil i gcoinne tionónta chun seilbh a aisghabháil ar aon teaghais rialaithe más rud é—
(a) go ndearna an tionónta an teaghais a fholigean, ar shlí seachas mar áis sealadach, chun fothionónta, agus
(b) go mbeidh teideal ag an bhfothionónta nó ag aon duine a ghabhann teideal faoi seilbh a choimeád ar an teaghais faoin Acht seo, d'ainneoin an ordaithe i gcoinne an tionónta.
(4) Ní dhéanfaidh aon ní i bhfo-alt (1) den alt seo difir d'oibriú alt 26 nó alt 34 d'Acht na dTithe (Forálacha Ilghnéitheacha), 1931.
(5) I gcás—
(a) ina mbeifear tar éis ordú chun seilbh a aisghabháil ar theaghais rialaithe a dhéanamh de bhua mhír (e), (f) nó (g) d'fho-alt 1 den alt seo,
(b) go ndéanfaidh an tionónta achomarc i gcoinne an ordaithe, agus
(c) gur deimhin leis an gcúirt achomhairc go raibh an chóiríocht ionadúil a tairgeadh agus a bhí ar fáil tráth na chéad éisteachta réasúnta oiriúnach le haghaidh riachtanas cónaithe agus eile an tionónta agus a theaghlaigh,
beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha seo a leanas:
(i) ní thabharfaidh an chúirt achomhairc aird ar cibé acu a bheidh nó nach mbeidh aon chóiríocht ionadúil ar fáil tráth an achomhairc a éisteacht,
(ii) más deimhin leis an gcúirt achomhairc an chóiríocht ionadúil a tairgeadh agus a bhí ar fáil tráth na chéad éisteachta a bheith coimeádta ar fáil don tionónta agus go ndeachaigh an tiarna talún faoi chaiteachas nó gur bhain caillteanas dó á choimeád ar fáil, féadfaidh an chúirt achomhairc a ordú don tionónta cúiteamh a íoc leis an tiarna talún i leith an chaiteachais faoina ndeachaigh sé nó an chaillteanais a bhain dó idir dáta an ordaithe bhunaidh agus dáta an achomhairc.
(6) Nuair a bheifear ag tabhairt breith, de bhun mhír (e), (f) nó (g) d'fho-alt (1) nó de bhun mhír (c) d'fho-alt (5) den alt seo, i dtaobh oiriúnacht chóiríocht ionadúil, cuirfidh an Chúirt nó an chúirt achomhairc (de réir mar a bheidh) san áireamh, go sonrach, a ghaire an chóiríocht do láthair oibre an tionónta agus dhaoine dá theaghlach in aontíos leis, acmhainn an tionónta agus dhaoine dá theaghlach in aontíos leis agus méid agus cineál na cóiríochta.
(7) Déanfar suim mar chúiteamh dá dtagraítear i mír (i) nó (j) d'fho-alt (1) den alt seo a íoc isteach sa Chúirt don tionónta agus ní eiseofar an t-ordú seilbhe mura n-íocfar agus go dtí go n-íocfar í amhlaidh.
Cosaint do chearta fothionóntaí.
30.—Ní dhéanfaidh ordú i gcoinne tionónta chun seilbh teaghaise rialaithe a aisghabháil difir do cheart aon fhothionónta chun seilbh a choimeád faoin Acht seo is fothionónta a ndearnadh an teaghais nó aon chuid di a fholigean chuige go dleathach sular bunaíodh imeachtaí chun seilbh a aisghabháil.
Tionóntacht reachtúil.
31.—(1) Má dhiúltaíonn an Chúirt ordú chun seilbh a aisghabháil ar theaghais rialaithe a dhéanamh ar an bhforas go bhfuil an tionónta i dteideal seilbh a choimeád ar an teaghais de bhua an Achta seo, déanfaidh an Chúirt ordú á dhearbhú aon tionóntacht a bheith foirceannta a bhí ag an tionónta ar shlí seachas de bhua an Achta seo, agus, nuair a bheidh aon ordú den sórt sin a dúradh á dhéanamh aici, féadfaidh sí ordú a dhéanamh i dtaobh an tionónta d'íoc aon riaráistí cíosa nó aon fhoghail-bhrabúis.
(2) I gcás ina bhfoirceannfaidh leas tionónta teaghaise rialaithe, mar gheall ar ordú seilbhe nó ar aon chúis eile, beidh fothionónta a ndearnadh an teaghais nó aon chuid di a fholigean chuige go dleathach i dteideal, faoi réir an Achta seo, seilbh a choimeád ar an teaghais agus í a theachtadh ón tiarna talún ar na téarmaí céanna ar a dteachtódh sé ón tionónta dá mba nár foirceannadh tionóntacht an tionónta.
(3) (a) I gcás ina bhfaighidh tionónía neamhreachtúil teaghaise rialaithe bás agus go bhfágfaidh sé ar marthain ina dhiaidh a bhanchéile nó aon duine dá theaghlach a bhí bona fide in aontíos leis tráth a bháis agus—
(i) i gcás díthiomnachta, go bhfoirceannfaidh tionóntacht an tionónta neamhreachtúil sula ndeonófar riarachán i leith a eastáit nó le linn a eastát a bheith á riaradh, nó
(ii) in aon chás eile, go bhfoirceannfaidh tionóntacht an tionónta neamhreachtúil tráth nach mbeidh an seiceadóir ag áitiú na teaghaise,
beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha seo a leanas:
(I) i gcás ina bhfágfaidh an tionónta neamhreachtúil ar marthain ina dhiaidh a bhanchéile a bhí bona fide in aontíos leis tráth a bháis, beidh sise i dteideal seilbh a choimeád ar an teaghais faoi na téarmaí agus na coinníollacha céanna faoina raibh sí ar seilbh ag an tionónta neamhreachtúil a fuair bás;
(II) i gcás nach bhfágfaidh an tionónta neamhreachtúil banchéile ina dhiaidh a bhí bona fide in aontíos leis tráth a bháis, beidh an duine sin dá theaghlach a bhí bona fide in aontíos leis tráth a bháis nó, má bhíonn níos mó ná aon duine amháin den sórt sin ann, an duine sin acu ar a gcomhaontóidh siad eatarthu nó a roghnóidh an Chúirt mura gcomhaontóidh siad, i dteideal seilbh a choimeád mar a dúradh.
(b) I gcás ina bhfaighidh tionónta neamhreachtúil teaghaise rialaithe, ar bean í, bás agus go bhfágfaidh sí ar marthain ina diaidh a fearchéile nó aon duine dá teaghlach a bhí bona fide in aontíos léi tráth a báis agus—
(i) i gcás díthiomnachta, go bhfoirceannfaidh tionóntacht an tionónta neamhreachtúil sula ndeonófar riarachán i leith a heastáit nó le linn a heastát a bheith á riaradh, nó
(ii) in aon chás eile, go bhfoirceanfaidh tionóntacht an tionónta neamhreachtúil tráth nach mbeidh an seiceadóir ag áitiú na teaghaise,
beidh éifeacht ag fomhíreanna (I) agus (II) de mhír (a) den fho-alt seo maidir lena fearchéile agus a teaghlach amhail mar atá éifeacht acu maidir le banchéile agus teaghlach tionónta neamhreachtúil ar fear é.
(4) Ar thionónta reachtúil teaghaise rialaithe d'fháil bháis beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha seo a leanas:
(a) i gcás ina bhfágfaidh an tionónta reachtúil ar marthain ina dhiaidh a bhanchéile a bhí bona fide in aontíos leis tráth a bháis, beidh sise i dteideal seilbh a choimeád ar an teaghais faoi na téarmaí agus na coinníollacha céanna faoina raibh sí ar seilbh ag an tionónta reachtúil a fuair bás;
(b) i gcás nach bhfágfaidh an tionónta reachtúil banchéile ina dhiaidh a bhí bona fide in aontíos leis tráth a bháis, beidh an duine sin de theaghlach an tionónta reachtúil a bhí bona fide in aontíos leis tráth a bháis nó, má bhíonn níos mó ná duine amháin den sórt sin ann, an duine sin acu ar a gcomhaontóidh siad eatarthu nó a roghnóidh an Chúirt mura gcomhaontóidh siad, i dteideal seilbh a choimeád mar a dúradh;
(c) i gcás inar bhean an tionónta reachtúil, beidh éifeacht ag míreanna (a) agus (b) den fho-alt seo maidir lena fearchéile agus a theaghlach amhail mar atá éifeacht acu maidir le beanchéile agus teaghlach tionónta reachtúil ar fear é;
(d) in aon chás nach mbaineann aon mhír acu sin roimhe seo leis, tiocfaidh leas an tionónta reachtúil chun bheith foirceannta ar é d'fháil bháis.
(5) Nuair a bheidh an focal “teaghlach” á fhorléiriú chun críocha fho-alt (3) nó fho-alt (4) den alt seo—
(a) measfar duine a bheith arna áireamh i measc na ndaoine dá dtagraíonn an focal más rud é, agus amháin más rud é, gurb é an duine sin athair, máthair, seanathair, seanmháthair, leasathair, leasmháthair, athair céile, máthair chéile, cliamhain, banchliamhain, mac, iníon, nia, neacht, ua, banua, leasmhac, leasiníon, deartháir, deirfiúr, deartháir leasghaolmhar, deirfiúr leasghaolmhar, uncail nó aintín an tionónta,
(b) measfar gur sliocht dlisteanach an uchtóra nó na n-uchtóirí duine a uchtaíodh faoin Acht Uchtála, 1952,
(c) faoi réir na míre sin roimhe seo, measfar gur sliocht dlisteanach a mháthar agus a athar thoimhdean duine mídhlisteanach, agus
(d) muran cónaí a thosaigh tréimhse is giorra ná sé bliana roimh bhás an tionónta an conaí bona fide iomchuí leis an tionónta, measfar, i gcás duine in loco parentis do dhuine eile, gurb é tuiste an duine eile sin é.
Coinníollacha tionóntachta reachtúla.
1860, c. 154.
32.—(1) An fad a choimeádfaidh sé seilbh ar theaghais rialaithe de bhua an Achta seo, déanfaidh tionónta reachtúil téarmaí agus coinníollacha uile an chonradh thionóntachta bhunaidh, a mhéid a bheidh siad ar comhréir leis an Acht seo, a chomhlíonadh agus beidh sé i dteideal a dtairbhe, agus ní bheidh sé i dteideal seilbh na teaghaise a thabhairt suas ach amháin ar cibé fógra a thabhairt ba ghá faoin gconradh tionóntachta bunaidh, nó, murar ghá aon fhógra a thabhairt amhlaidh, ar fhógra trí mhí ar a laghad a thabhairt.
(2) D'ainneoin aon ní i bhfo-alt (1) den alt seo, ní bheidh ar thiarna talún teaghaise rialaithe, d'fhonn aon cheart faoin Acht seo a fheidhmiú, aon fhógra fágála a thabhairt do thionónta reachtúil na teaghaise.
(3) (a) Ní dhéanfaidh tionónta reachtúil, mar choinníoll i leith teaghais rialaithe a shannadh nó a thabhairt suas, íoc aon suime, ná aon chomhaoin eile, a iarraidh ar aon duine ná a ghlacadh ó aon duine seachas an tiarna talún.
(b) Duine ar bith a dhéanfaidh aon ní contrártha do mhír (a) den fho-alt seo beidh sé ciontach i gcion agus, ar a chiontú ann go hachomair, dlífear fíneáil nach mó ná céad punt a chur air.
(c) Má chiontaítear duine i gcion faoin bhfo-alt seo, féadfaidh an Chúirt a chiontaigh é a ordú aon íocaíocht nó comaoin den sórt sin a aisíoc leis an duine a rinne nó a thug í.
(d) Ní bhainfidh mír (a) den fho-alt seo le háitreabh a ndéantar go dleathach é a úsáid i bpáirt chun críocha aon ghnó, ceirde nó gairme.
(4) Measfar é a bheith ag gabháil mar choinníoll le tionóntacht reachtúil in aon teaghais rialaithe—
(a) go ligfidh an tionónta don tiarna talún dul isteach ann chun bail agus deis na teaghaise a fheiceáil, agus go dtabharfaidh sé gach saoráid réasúnach chun aon deisiúchán a dhéanamh ann a bheidh an tiarna talún i dteideal a dhéanamh;
(b) nach ndéanfaidh an tionónta an teaghais ná aon chuid di a shannadh gan toiliú i scríbhinn ón tiarna talún, is toiliú nach bhféadfar diúltú d'é a thabhairt ach amháin i gcás inar mhó an cruatan a thiocfadh, toisc cúrsaí speisialta an cháis, d'é a thabhairt ná de dhiúltú d'é a thabhairt;
(c) go mbeidh an tiarna talún freagrach in aon deisiúchán nach mbeidh aon fhreagracht ar an tionónta ina thaobh, cibé acu a bheidh an fhreagracht sainráite sa chonradh nó intuigthe faoi alt 42 den Landlord and Tenant Law Amendment Act (Ireland), 1860.
(5) Má dhéanann an tionónta reachtúil (dá ngairtear an sannóir san fho-alt seo) teaghais rialaithe a shannadh go dleathach ar an dáta feidhme nó dá éis, ansin, mura mbeidh aon chomhaontú sainráite idir an tiarna talún agus an sannaí, beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha seo a leanas—
(a) má bhíonn an teaghais, ar dháta an tsannaithe, á húsáid go dleathach i bpáirt chun críche aon ghnó, ceirde nó gairme, measfar, ón dáta sin, an teaghais a bheith ar teachtadh ag an sannaí de réir cibé fomhír acu seo a leanas is infheidhmithe—
(i) i gcás fianaise a bheith ar fáil go raibh an teaghais, díreach sular cruthaíodh an tionóntacht reachtúil ann, ar teachtadh ag a tionónta conarthach faoi thionóntacht ó bhliain go bhliain nó ar feadh téarma blianta nó ar feadh tréimhse cinnte eile (nach giorra ná bliain), nó faoi thionóntacht a bhí ag brath ar thitim saoil nó ar aon teagmhas neamhchinnte eile, measfar an teaghais a bheith ar teachtadh ag an sannaí ón tiarna talún faoi thionóntacht ó bhliain go bhliain is infhoirceanna, ar an gcéad bhliain díobh a bheith caite nó dá éis sin, ag ceachtar páirtí trí fhógra dhá mhí a rachaidh in éag lá gála agus, faoina réir sin, ar na téarmaí agus na coinníollacha céanna ar a raibh sé ar teachtadh ag an sannóir;
(ii) i gcás fianaise a bheith ar fáil go raibh an teaghais ar teachtadh amhlaidh faoi chonradh tionóntachta nach mbaineann fomhír (i) den mhír seo leis, measfar an teaghais a bheith ar teachtadh ag an sannaí ón tiarna talún faoi chonradh tionóntachta arb ionann fad dó agus don chonradh tionóntachta faoina rabhdar ar teachtadh amhlaidh agus, faoina réir sin, ar na téarmaí agus na coinníollacha céanna ar a raibh an céanna ar teachtadh ag an sannóir;
(iii) in aon chás eile, beidh an sannaí i dteideal seilbh a choimeád ar an teaghais ar na téarmaí agus na coinníollacha céanna ar ar shealbhaigh an sannóir í;
(b) más teaghais nach mbaineann mír (a) den fho-alt seo léi an teaghais, beidh an sannaí i dteideal seilbh a choimeád ar an teaghais ar na téarmaí agus na coinníollacha céanna ar ar shealbhaigh an sannóir í.
Cumhachtaí na Cúirte in imeachtaí eisiachtana.
33.—(1) I gcás ina ndéanfaidh an Chúirt, nó ina ndearna an Chúirt roimh an dáta feidhme, ordú chun seilbh teaghaise rialaithe a aisghabháil, féadfaidh an Chúirt, tráth an ordaithe a dhéanamh nó aon tráth roimh é a fhorghníomhú, forghníomhú an ordaithe a bhacadh nó dáta an tsealbhaithe a chur siar go ceann cibé tréimhse nó tréimhsí, agus faoi réir cibé coinníollacha, is oiriúnach leis an gCúirt agus, má chomhlíontar na coinníollacha sin, féadfaidh an Chúirt, más oiriúnach léi, an t-ordú a urscaoileadh nó a athrú.
(2) I gcás ina ndéanfaidh an Chúirt, faoi fho-alt (1) den alt seo, forghníomhú ordaithe chun seilbh teaghaise rialaithe a aisghabháil a bhacadh nó dáta an tsealbhaithe a chur siar, féadfaidh an Chúirt ó am go ham, ar iarratas is féidir a dhéanamh ex parte i gcás éigeandála, forghníomhú an ordaithe a bhacadh tuilleadh nó dáta an tsealbhaithe a chur siar tuilleadh.
Leasú ar alt 15 den Summary Jurisdiction (Ireland) Act 1851.
1851, c. 92.
34.—(1) D'ainneoin aon ní in alt 15 den Summary Jurisdiction (Ireland) Act, 1851, leanfaidh gach barántas chun seilbh a sheachadadh, nó chun dul isteach agus seilbh a sheachadadh, nó chun dul isteach agus seilbh a thabhairt, ar theaghais rialaithe, i ngníomh go ceann sé mhí ón lá díreach i ndiaidh an lae dheiridh a bheidh ainmnithe san ordú chun seilbh a sheachadadh nó, i gcás barántas faoin Summary Jurisdiction (Ireland) Act, 1851, ó dháta eisithe an bharántais, agus i gceachtar cás, go ceann cibé tréimhse nó tréimhsí breise a ordóidh an Chúirt ó am go ham má ordaíonn, cibé acu roimh an sé mhí sin a bheith caite nó dá éis sin é.
(2) Beidh feidhm ag alt 15 den Summary Jurisdiction (Ireland) Act, 1851, maidir le gach teaghais rialaithe nach mó ná deich bpunt a luacháil inrátaithe, d'ainneoin gur mó ná punt sa mhí an cíos.
An tiarna talún do ghlacadh cíosa tar éis fógra fágála do dhul in éag.
35.—I gcás ina seirbheálfaidh tiarna talún teaghaise rialaithe fógra fágála ar thionónta na teaghaise, ní dhéanfaidh sé dochar do cheart (más ann) an tiarna talún chun seilbh na teaghaise a aisghabháil é do ghlacadh aon suime a airbheartóidh gur cíos í in aghaidh na tréimhse a luaitear i cibé fomhír acu seo a leanas is infheidhmithe, is é sin le rá:
(a) má dhéanann sé imeachtaí chun seilbh na teaghaise a aisghabháil a thionscnamh laistigh de mhí tar éis an fógra fágála do dhul in éag, an tréimhse dar tosach an dáta a rachaidh an fógra fágála in éag agus dar críoch an dáta ar a ndéanfar cinneadh deiridh ar na himeachtaí,
(b) in aon chás eile, an tréimhse trí mhí dar tosach an dáta a rachaidh an fógra fágála in éag,
agus má dhéantar ordú seilbhe i leith na teaghaise, áireofar mar fhoghail-bhrabúis aon suim a glacadh amhlaidh.
Ordú seilbhe a gheofar trí mhífhaisnéis.
36.—Más dóigh leis an gCúirt gur trí mhífhaisnéis nó trí fhíorais ábhartha a cheilt a fuair an tiarna talún ordú seilbhe i leith teaghaise rialaithe, féadfaidh an Chúirt a ordú don tiarna talún cibé suim is cuí leis an gCúirt a íoc leis an seantionónta mar chúiteamh in aon damáiste nó caillteanas a bhain don tionónta mar gheall ar an ordú seilbhe.
Gan feidhm a bheith ag ailt 29 agus 30 i gcás ligean mar áis shealadach, etc.
37.—Ní bheidh feidhm ag ailt 29 agus 30 den Acht seo—
(a) maidir le teaghais rialaithe a bheidh arna ligean chun duine an fad a leanfaidh sé in aon oifig, ceapachán nó fostaíocht, nó
(b) maidir le teaghais rialaithe a bheidh arna ligean bona fide mar áis shealadach nó faoi chomhair riachtanais shealadaigh an tiarna talún nó an tionónta.
Cosaint do chearta údaráis áitiúla.
38.—Ní choiscfidh aon ní sa Chuid seo ar údarás áitiúil seilbh a fháil ar aon teaghais rialaithe a mbeidh a seilbh ag teastáil uathu chun iad d'fheidhmiú a gcumhachtaí faoi aon achtachán a bheidh i bhfeidhm de thuras na huaire nó faoi aon scéim arna déanamh faoi aon achtachán den sórt sin.
CUID V.
Ilghnéitheach.
Freagracht i ndeisiúchán.
1860, c. 154.
39.—Chun críocha mhír (b) d'fho-alt (2) d'alt 10 agus ailt 14, 15 agus 40 den Acht seo, is tuigthe an tiarna talún a bheith freagrach in aon deisiúchán nach bhfuil aon dliteanas ar an tionónta ina leith, cibé acu freagracht í atá sainráite sa chonradh nó intuigthe faoi alt 42 den Landlord and Tenant Law Amendment Act (Ireland), 1860.
Iocaíocht leis an tionónta i gcás teaghais rialaithe a bheith i ndrochdheis mar gheall ar mhainneachtain an tiarna talún.
40.—(1) Faoi réir na bhforálacha ina dhiaidh seo den alt seo, i gcás ina dtarlóidh de dheasca mainneachtain an tiarna talún nach mbeidh teaghais rialaithe i ndeis mhaith intionóntaithe, féadfaidh an Chúirt a ordú don tiarna talún cibé suim a íoc leis an tionónta is dóigh leis an gCúirt is gá chun an teaghais a chur i ndeis mhaith intionóntaithe.
(2) Féadfaidh an Chúirt diúltú ordú a dhéanamh faoin alt seo má dhéanann an tiarna talún a chruthú, ag féachaint d'aois, riocht, cineál agus suíomh na teaghaise rialaithe iomchuí, don Chúirt—
(a) go mbainfeadh costas ro-mhór lena cur i ndeis mhaith intionóntaithe ag féachaint do luach na teaghaise nó don chíos a mbeifí ag súil, le réasún, a d'íocfadh tionónta, nó
(b) nach bhféadfaí an teaghais a chur i ndeis mhaith intionóntaithe ach amháin trína hatógáil nó a hathfhoirgniú nó trína déanmhas a athrú go mór.
(3) Má tharlaíonn, an tráth a iarrfar nó a dhéanfar aon ordú faoin alt seo, go ngeallfaidh an tiarna talún an teaghais rialaithe iomchuí a chur i ndeis mhaith intionóntaithe, féadfaidh an Chúirt an t-iarratas a chur ar atráth, nó forghníomhú an ordaithe a bhac nó a fhionraí, agus má chomhlíontar an gealltanas féadfaidh an Chúirt an t-ordú a urscaoileadh.
(4) Déanfar aon suim a dhámhfar do thionónta faoin alt seo a chaitheamh ar dheisiúchán oiriúnach ar an teaghais rialaithe lena mbainfidh an t-ordú, agus féadfar an t-ordú a dhéanamh faoi réir cibé coinníollacha is oiriúnach leis an gcúirt a fhorchur chun a áirithiú go gcaithfear an tsuim sin amhlaidh.
(5) Ní dhéanfaidh ceart an tionónta chun faoiseamh a fháil faoin alt seo dochar dá cheart chun faoiseamh a lorg in aon sórt eile imeachtaí.
An Coimisinéir Luachála do chionroinnt luachála inrátaithe
41.—(1) I gcás nach mbeidh luacháil ar leithligh déanta ar theaghais faoi na hAchtanna Luachála, féadfaidh an Coimisinéir Luachála agus Suirbhéir Teorann, ar iarratas ó thiarna talún nó ó thionónta na teaghaise, cibé cuid is cuí leis de luacháil inrátaithe na maoine ina mbeidh an teaghais a chionroinnt ar an teaghais, agus déanfar an chuid a chionroinnfear amhlaidh ar an teaghais sin a áireamh mar luacháil inrátaithe na teaghaise chun críocha an Achta seo, ach ní chun aon chríche eile ná ar aon slí eile.
(2) Féadfaidh an tAire Airgeadais, tar éis dul i gcomhairle leis an Aire, rialacháin a dhéanamh ag socrú scála na dtáillí a bheidh le n-íoc leis an gCoimisinéir Luachála agus Suirbhéir Teorann as cionroinnt a dhéanamh faoi fho-alt (1) den alt seo.
(3) Beidh éifeacht ag na forálacha seo a leanas maidir leis na táillí uile is iníoctha faoin alt seo:
(a) déanfar na táillí sin a bhailiú agus a ghlacadh i cibé slí a ordóidh an tAire Airgeadais ó am go ham agus a íoc isteach sa Státchiste nó a chur chun tairbhe don Státchiste de réir mar ordóidh an tAire sin;
(b) ní bheidh feidhm ag an Public Offices Fees Act, 1879, maidir leis na táillí sin.
Srian le préimheanna.
42.—(1) Ní éileoidh duine ar bith, mar choinníoll ar a ndeonófar, ar a n-athuafar nó ar a mbuanófar tionóntacht nó fothionóntacht aon teaghaise rialaithe, go n-íocfar aon fhíneáil, préimh, nó suim eile dá samhail, nó go dtabharfar aon chomaoin luachmhar, de bhreis ar an gcíos, agus, i gcás ina dtabharfar aon íocaíocht nó comaoin den sórt sin i leith aon teaghaise den sórt sin, féadfar a méid nó a luach a aisghabháil laistigh de shé bliana, ar a dhéanaí, ón dáta a tugadh í.
(2) I gcás ina mbeidh duine ar bith a d'aisghabh aon suim a dhéantar inaisghabhála leis an alt seo tar éis a leas sa tionóntacht a shannadh nó a dhiúscairt ar shlí eile ar chomaoin luachmhar, déanfaidh sé an tsuim a d'aisghabh sé a choimeád ar iontaobhas do cibé duine a bhfeicfear don Chúirt teideal cothromais a bheith aige chuici.
(3) Duine ar bith a éileoidh aon íocaíocht nó comaoin eile contrártha don alt seo beidh sé ciontach i gcion agus, ar a chiontú ann go hachomair, dlífear fíneáil nach mó ná céad punt a chur air, agus féadfaidh an Chúirt a chiontóidh é a ordú an méid a íocadh nó luach na comaoine a aisíoc leis an duine a thug an íocaíocht nó an chomaoin eile.
(4) (a) Duine ar bith a thabharfaidh aon íocaíocht nó comaoin, nó a thairgfidh aon íocaíocht nó comaoin a thabhairt, a mbeadh sé contrártha don alt seo í a éileamh, nó a fhógróidh nó a fhoilseoidh aon tairiscint den sórt sin, beidh sé ciontach i gcion agus, ar a chiontú ann go hachomair, dlífear fíneáil nach mó ná fiche punt a chur air.
(b) Ní bhunófar aon imeachtaí faoin bhfo-alt seo i gcoinne aon duine a bheidh tar éis imeachtaí a thionscnamh faoi fho-alt (1) den alt seo nó a bheidh tar éis aon eolas a thabhairt chun aon imeachtaí a thionscnamh faoi fho-alt (3) den alt seo.
(5) Aon deonú, athnuachan nó buanú tionóntachta a mbeifear, ar choinníoll a dhéanta, tar éis aon íocaíocht nó comaoin a thabhairt contrártha don alt seo beidh sé, gan dochar d'oibriú an ailt seo, in-neamhnithe más rogha le ceachtar de na páirtithe ann é, gan dochar do cheart an tionónta, má bhíonn sé tar éis dul i seilbh na teaghaise lena mbainfidh chun seilbh a choimeád ar an teaghais de bhua fhorálacha an Achta seo tar éis aon rogha den sórt sin a bheith arna feidhmiú.
(6) Ní bhainfidh an t-alt seo le deonú, athnuachan nó buanú aon tionóntachta go ceann téarma cheithre bliana déag nó os a chionn.
Srian le tochsal a thobhach i leith cíosa.
43.—(1) Ní dhéanfar aon tochsal a thobhach i leith cíos teaghaise rialaithe ach amháin le hordú ón gCúirt.
(2) I gcás ina ndéanfaidh an Chúirt ordú faoi fho-alt (1) den alt seo, féadfaidh an Chúirt cibé coinníollacha is oiriúnach leis an gCúirt a chur ag gabháil le forghníomhú an ordaithe.
Modh aisghabhála suimeanna a bheidh dlite de thiarnaí talún ag tionóntaí.
44.—Aon suim a bheidh, faoin Acht seo, inaisghabhála ag tionónta ó thiarna talún nó iníoctha nó inaisíoctha le tionónta ag tiarna talún féadfaidh an tionónta, gan dochar d'aon mhodh eile aisghabhála, í a bhaint as aon chíos a bheidh iníoctha aige leis an tiarna talún.
Srianadh orduithe áirithe.
45.—(1) Ní bheidh ordú lena mbaineann an t-alt seo ina cheangal ach amháin amhail idir na páirtithe a thoileoidh leis agus, ach amháin amhail idir na páirtithe sin, ní thabharfaidh an Chúirt aird air nuair a bheidh cíos bunúsach á chinneadh nó á choigeartú aici.
(2) Bainfidh an t-alt seo le hordú a dhéanfaidh aon chúirt ar thoiliú—
(a) a rinneadh chun críocha an Achta seo, maidir le cíos bunúsach teaghaise rialaithe a chinneadh nó a chionroinnt nó maidir le luacháil inrátaithe teaghaise rialaithe a chionroinnt, nó
(b) a rinneadh roimh dháta thosach feidhme an Achta seo, chun críocha aon cheann de na hachtacháin roimhe seo a bhain le srianadh cíosa, maidir le cíos is ionann agus cíos bunúsach tí nó coda de theach a chinneadh nó maidir le luacháil inrátaithe tí nó coda de theach a chionroinnt.
Earlais a íocadh mar urrús i leith íoc cíosa a aisghabhail.
46.—(1) Más rud é—
(a) ar thionóntacht theaghaise rialaithe (is tionóntacht a thosaigh tar éis dáta tosach feidhme an Achta seo) foirceannadh, go dtabharfar suas seilbh na teaghaise, agus
(b) go mbeidh éarlais a íocadh mar urrús i leith íoc an chíosa gan aisíoc, agus
(c) nach é an duine lenar íocadh an cíos go deiridh an duine lenar íocadh an éarlais,
measfar, chun críocha aisghabhála na héarlaise, gur leis an duine lenar íocadh an cíos go deiridh a íocadh an éarlais.
(2) Más rud é—
(a) le linn tionóntacht teaghaise rialaithe (is tionóntacht a thosaigh tar éis dáta tosach feidhme an Achta seo) go mbeidh éarlais mar urrús i leith íoc an chíosa arna híoc, agus
(b) nach éarlais fhormheasta í an éarlais,
beidh an éarlais inaisghafa ar í a éileamh agus, chuige sin measfar, i gcás nach é an duine lenar íocadh an cíos go deiridh an duine lenar íocadh an éarlais, gur leis an duine a íocadh an cíos go deiridh a íocadh an éarlais.
(3) I bhfo-alt (2) den alt seo ciallaíonn “éarlais fbormheasta” éarlais a chomhlíonann na ceanglais seo a leanas:
(a) nach mó í ná suim is ionann agus cíos trí mhí, agus
(b) go ndearnadh a méid, más i scríbhinn a rinneadh an comhaontú i leith na tionóntachta, a shonrú sa chomhaontú sin nó a fhormhuiniú air agus, in aon chás eile, a shonrú am a dhéanta sa leabhar cíosa.
(4) Gach conradh a dhéanfar tar éis dáta tosach feidhme an Achta seo i leith díol aon leasa i dteaghais rialaithe beidh ann foráil intuigthe (mura mbeidh sé go sainraíteach ann cheana féin) á cheangal ar an díoltóir aon eolas a bheidh ar seilbh nó ar fáil aige a thabhairt (trí dhearbhú reachtúil má cheanglaítear sin air) don cheannaitheoir i dtaobh aon éarlais a rinne duine ba thionónta sa teaghais a íoc tar éis an dáta tosach feidhme sin mar urrús i leith íoc an chíosa.
Forálacha maidir le foligin áirithe.
47.—(1) Má dhéanann tionónta teaghaise rialaithe (is tionónta faoi chonradh tionóntachta ar feadh téarma nach faide ná bliain agus fiche) cuid den teaghais a fholigean le haghaidh aon ghnó, ceirde nó gairme agus lena aghaidh sin amháin, féadfaidh tiarna talún an tionónta tráth ar bith le linn an fhothionóntacht a bheith ar marthain, trí fhógra trí mhí ar a laghad a sheirbheálfar ar an tionónta agus a rachaidh in éag aon lá gála, tionóntacht an tionónta a fhoirceannadh agus air sin—
(a) tiocfaidh an fothionónta chun bheith ina neastionónta, ar an gcuid a foligeadh chuige, don tiarna talún sin ar na téarmaí agus na coinníollacha céanna ar a raibh an chuid sin ar teachtadh aige roimhe sin ón tionónta, agus
(b) tiocfaidh an tionónta chun bheith ina neastionónta, ar an gcuid eile den teaghais, don tiarna talún sin ar an oiread sin dá shean-chíos agus is inchurtha, ar chionroinnt (a dhéanfaidh an Chúirt mura ndéantar comhaontú) i leith na coda eile sin agus, faoina réir sin, ar na téarmaí agus na coinníollacha céanna ar a raibh an teaghais ar teachtadh aige roimhe sin ón tiarna talún sin.
(2) Má dhéanann tionónta teaghaise rialaithe (is tionónta faoi chonradh tionóntacha ar feadh téarma nach faide ná bliain agus fiche) cuid den teaghais a choimeád agus a úsáid le haghaidh aon ghnó, ceirde nó gairme agus lena aghaidh sin amháin agus go ndéanfaidh sé an chuid eile di a fholigean ionas go dtiocfaidh sí chun bheith ina teaghais rialaithe, féadfaidh tiarna talún an tionónta tráth ar bith le linn an fhothionóntacht a bheith ar marthain, trí fhógra trí mhí ar a laghad a sheirbheálfar ar an tionónta agus a rachaidh in éag aon lá gála, tionóntacht an tionónta a fhoirceannadh agus air sin—
(a) tiocfaidh an fothionónta chun bheith ina neastionónta, ar an gcuid a foligeadh chuige, don tiarna talún sin ar na téarmaí agus na coinníollacha céanna, ach sin faoi réir an Achta seo, ar a raibh sí ar teachtadh aige roimhe sin ón tionónta, agus
(b) chun críocha an Achta um Thiarnaí Tí agus Tionóntaithe, 1931, measfar gur sa chuid sin den teaghais, agus sa chuid sin de amháin, a choimeád sé agus a d'úsáid sé le haghaidh aon ghnó, ceirde nó gairme agus lena aghaidh sin amháin a theachtaigh sé tionóntacht i gcónaí agus déanfar na tagairtí d'fhógra fágála in ailt 19 agus 24 den Acht sin a fhorléiriú mar thagairtí don fhógra faoin bhfo-alt seo.
Rialacháin.
48.—(1) Féadfaidh an tAire rialacháin a dhéanamh ina mbeidh foráil i dtaobh aon ní nó gach ní acu seo a leanas:
(a) tiarnaí talún ar áitribh rialaithe nó ar aon aicme teaghaisí rialaithe do sholáthar cíos-leabhar i bhfoirm a bheidh forordaithe sna rialacháin do thionóntaithe na dteaghaisí sin;
(b) coimeád na gcíos-leabhar sin;
(c) sonraí áirithe a thaifeadadh sna cíos-leabhair sin;
(d) aon nithe eile maidir le húsáid na gcíos-leabhar sin ar cuí leis an Aire foráil a dhéanamh ina leith;
(e) aon ní nó rud dá dtagraítear san Acht seo mar ní nó rud atá forordaithe;
(f) cláir a thiomsú de chíosanna teaghaisí rialaithe nó aon aicmí teaghaisí den sórt sin, agus iad i cibé foirm agus cibé sonraí iontu a bheidh forordaithe sna rialacháin, iniúchadh na gclár sin ag daoine den phobal agus cibé nithe eile maidir leo ar cuí leis an Aire foráil a dhéanamh ina dtaobh;
(g) tiarnaí talún do sholáthar uimhreacha aitheantais do chodanna (ar teaghaisí rialaithe iad) d'aon tithe nó aicmí tithe.
(2) Gach duine a mhainneoidh aon rialachán a chomhlíonadh a dhéanfar faoi fho-alt (1) (seachas mír (e)) den alt seo agus a bheidh i bhfeidhm de thuras na huaire beidh sé ciontach i gcion agus, ar a chiontú ann go hachomair, dlífear fíneáil nach mó ná deich bpunt a chur air.
(3) (a) Ar thiarna talún teaghaise rialaithe dá iarraidh sin, féadfaidh an Chúirt, le hordú, an tiarna talún a dhíolmhadh ó chomhlíonadh rialachán a rinneadh faoi fho-alt (1) den alt seo maidir le cíos-leabhair.
(b) Ní dhéanfar ordú faoin bhfo-alt seo mura deimhin leis an gCúirt—
(i) go bhfuil socrú sásúil eile déanta ag an iarratasóir chun taifid a choinneáil d'íocaíochtaí cíosa ag a thionóntaí agus chun admháil chuí a thabhairt in aghaidh gach íocaíocht den sórt sin, agus
(ii) go mbeadh sé mí-réasúnach, ag féachaint don socrú sin agus do chúrsaí an cháis, a cheangal ar an iarratasóir na rialacháin a chomhlíonadh.
(c) Féadfaidh an Chúirt cibé coinníollacha is oiriúnach léi a fhorchur a chur ag gabháil le hordú faoin bhfo-alt seo, lena n-áirítear, go sonrach, coinníoll go dtabharfaidh an t-iarratasóir do gach tionónta teaghaise rialaithe, a mbeidh sé ina thiarna talún uirthi ó am go ham, cibé sonraí i dtaobh an chíosa is iníoctha ag an tionónta agus i dtaobh cearta agus oibleagáidí tiarnaí talún agus tionóntaithe faoin Acht seo, is gá de réir na rialachán a shonrú i gcíos-leabhair.
(d) Aon duine a mhainneoidh aon choinníoll a chomhlíonadh a bheidh ag gabháil le hordú faoin bhfo-alt seo maidir leis beidh sé ciontach i gcion agus, ar a chiontú ann go hachomair, dlífear fíneáil nach mó ná deich bpunt a chur air.
(4) Gach rialachán a dhéanfaidh an tAire faoi fho-alt (1) den alt seo leagfar é faoi bhráid gach Tí den Oireachtas a luaithe is féidir tar éis a dhéanta, agus, má dhéanann ceachtar Teach den Oireachtas, laistigh den lá agus fiche a shuífidh an Teach sin tar éis an rialachán a leagan faoina bhráid, rún a rith ag neamhniú an rialacháin, beidh an rialachán ar neamhní dá réir sin, ach sin gan dochar do bhailíocht aon ní a rinneadh roimhe sin faoin rialachán.
Cumhachtaí na Cúirte i gcoitinne.
49.—(1) Más gá, chun luacháil inrátaithe teaghaise a chinneadh a líomhantar gur teaghais rialaithe í, cionroinnt a dhéanamh ar luacháil inrátaithe na maoine ina bhfuil an teaghais (cionroinnt nach mbeidh déanta cheana féin faoi alt 41 den Acht seo), féadfaidh an Chúirt, ar cheachtar páirtí dá iarraidh sin, cibé cionroinnt a dhéanamh is cuí léi.
(2) I gcás ina mbeidh nó ina riabh teaghais arna ligean ar an dáta arb ina leith a bheidh an cíos bunúsach le socrú, is cíos a fholóidh nó a d'fholaigh íocaíocht i leith cothú, freastal nó úsáid troscáin, nó i leith teas, uisce te, breosla, leictreachas nó aon earra eile a sholáthar don teaghais, nó i leith aon seirbhís a dhéanamh i ndáil leis an teaghais, féadfaidh an Chúirt, chun aon chríche de chríocha an Achta seo, cibé cionroinnt a dhéanamh is cuí léi.
(3) Ar chaingean a éisteacht chun seilbh a aisghabháil ar theaghais rialaithe nó chun aon chíos a aisghabháil a mbeidh tiarna talún á éileamh go bhfuil sé dlite nó aon suim a aisghabháil a mbeidh tionónta á éileamh go bhfuil sí inaisghafa i leith teaghaise rialaithe, féadfaidh an Chúirt, ar cheachtar páirtí dá iarraidh sin ag an éisteacht sin, aon ní a chinneadh a éireoidh faoin Acht seo agus is dóigh leis an gCúirt a d'fhéadfaí a chinneadh go caothúil ag an éisteacht sin.
(4) Más deimhin leis an gCúirt gurb é faoi deara aon earráid nó easpa i bhfógra a seirbheáladh faoi alt 13 den Acht seo an páirtí a sheirbheáil é do dhéanamh dearmaid bona fide, beidh de chumhacht aici an fógra a leasú trí aon earráidí ann a cheartú agus aon easpaí ann a shlánú, cibé acu d'fhágfadh nó nach bhfágfadh na hearráidí nó na heaspaí sin, dá mba nach gceartófaí nó nach slánófaí iad, an fógra a bheith neamhbhailí, ar cibé téarmaí agus coinníollacha is cuí leis an gCúirt agus, má ordaíonn an Chúirt amhlaidh, beidh éifeacht agus measfar éifeacht a bheith riamh mar fhógra bailí faoin alt sin 13 ag an bhfógra arna leasú amhlaidh.
(5) I dteannta na gcumhachtaí a thugtar go sonrach don Chúirt leis an Acht seo féadfaidh an Chúirt déileáil le haon ní a éireoidh faoin Acht seo, cibé acu d'éirigh díospóid i dtaobh an ní sin nó nár éirigh.
Dlínse na Cúirte a fheidhmiú.
50.—Féadfar an dlínse agus na cumhachtaí a thugtar don Chúirt leis an Acht seo a fheidhmiú—
(a) ag an gCúirt Chuarda, nó,—
(b) i gcás—
(i) nach mó ná £10 luacháil inrátaithe na teaghaise iomchuí, nó
(ii) go bhfuil ordú chun seilbh na teaghaise iomchuí a aisghabháil á lorg, agus gurb é cíos na teaghaise cíos nach mó ná suim is comhionann nó d'fhéadfadh a bheith comhionann le £53 sa bhliain, nó
(iii) go dtoilíonn na páirtithe i scríbhinn leis an bhfeidhmiú sin,
ag an Cúirt Dúiche.
Leanúint d'imeachtaí a bheidh ar feitheamh.
51.—(1) Más rud é, díreach roimh an dáta feidhme, go raibh imeachtaí ar feitheamh chun cíos bunúsach (de réir bhrí Acht 1946) aon teaghaise a chinneadh, leanfar de na himeachtaí agus áireofar iad amhail is dá mba imeachtaí iad faoi fho-alt (1) nó fo-alt (2) (de réir mar is iomchuí) d'alt 8 den Acht seo.
(2) (a) Más rud é, díreach roimh an dáta feidhme, go mbeidh iarratas a rinneadh faoi alt 28 d'Acht 1946 gan déileáil leis faoi alt 29 den Acht sin, áireofar an t-iarratas chun críocha an Achta seo mar iarratas faoi alt 20 den Acht seo agus, má rinneadh an t-iarratas a tharchur chun an Bhreithimh Dúiche iomchuí de bhun fho-alt (2) d'alt 28 d'Acht 1946, measfar chun críocha an Achta seo gur de bhun fho-alt (2) d'alt 20 den Acht seo a tarchuireadh chun an Bhreithimh sin é.
(b) I gcás ordú sealadach a rinneadh ar dháta áirithe faoi alt 29 d'Acht 1946 a bheith i bhfeidhm díreach roimh an dáta feidhme, áireofar an t-ordú chun críocha an Achta seo mar ordú sealadach a rinneadh an dáta sin faoi fhomhír (ii) de mhír (c) d'fho-alt (1) d'alt 21 den Acht seo, faoi réir na modhnuithe go ndéanfar, maidir leis an ordú, na tagairtí do mhí i bhfo-alt (1) d'alt 23 agus i mír (a) d'fho-alt (1) d'alt 24 den Acht seo a fhorléiriú mar thagairtí do thrí mhí agus, san ordú—
(i) go gcuirfear, in ionad an mhéid a shonraítear ansin mar chíos bunúsach na teaghaise a bheidh i gceist, méid is comhionann leis an gcíos dleathach a shonraítear amhlaidh lúide aon mhéid a shonraítear amhlaidh i leith rátaí, agus
(ii) go gcuirfear, in ionad an mhéid a shonraítear amhlaidh i leith breisithe dleathacha, méid is comhionann le haon suim a shonraítear amhlaidh i leith rátaí,
agus, má seirbheáladh cóip den ordú de bhun fho-alt (1) d'alt 30 d'Acht 1946 ar dháta áirithe roimh an dáta feidhme, measfar chun críocha an Achta seo go ndearnadh cóip de a sheirbheáil de bhun fho-alt (1) d'alt 22 den Acht seo ar an dáta sin.
(3) Más rud é, díreach roimh an dáta feidhme, go raibh aon imeachtaí, seachas imeachtaí dá dtagraítear sna fo-ailt sin roimhe seo den alt seo, ar feitheamh faoi Acht 1946, leanfar de na himeachtaí agus áireofar iad amhail is dá mba imeachtaí iad faoi na forálacha comhréire den Acht seo.
Tionóntaí reachtúla faoi Acht 1946.
52.—Chun deireadh a chur le hamhrais, dearbhaítear leis seo maidir le haon duine a bhí, díreach roimh an dáta feidhme, ina thionónta reachtúil (de réir bhrí Acht 1946) ar theaghais, go mbeidh sé i dteideal, faoi réir an Achta seo, seilbh a choimeád ar an teaghais.
Rialacha maidir le nós imeachta.
53.—(1) Go dtí go ndéanfar rialacha ag rialú cleachtais agus nós imeachta na Cúirte Cuarda chun críocha an Achta seo, beidh ag na rialacha a rialaíonn cleachtas agus nós imeachta na Cúirte Cuarda chun críocha Acht 1946 feidhm chun críocha an Achta seo fara na modhnuithe is gá.
(2) Go dtí go ndéanfar rialacha ag rialú cleachtais agus nós imeachta na Cúirte Dúiche chun críocha an Achta seo, beidh ag na rialacha a rinneadh faoi alt 19 den Acht um Méadú Cíosa agus Uis Mhorgáiste (Coscanna), 1923, a mhéid a bhaineann siad leis an gCúirt Dúiche, agus ag na Rialacha Cúirte Dúiche (Uimh. 1), 1947, feidhm chun críocha an Achta seo fara na modhnuithe is gá.
Feidhm a bheith ag an Acht um Thiarnaí Tighe agus Tionóntaithe, 1931, i gcás áitreabh áirithe.
54.—(1) Beidh feidhm ag an alt seo maidir le háitreabh arbh éard é, díreach roimh an dáta feidhme—
(a) áitreabh rialaithe de réir bhrí Acht 1946 agus áitreabh gnó de réir bhrí an Achta sin, agus
(b) áitreabh nárbh éard a ligean—
(i) ligean a rinneadh agus a dúradh a bheith arna dhéanamh chun áise sealadaí an tiarna talún nó an tionónta agus (más tar éis an 22ú lá de Nollaig, 1931, a rinneadh é) inar insíodh cineál na háise sealadaí sin, nó
(ii) ligean a rinneadh i leith an tionónta leanúint air de bheith, nó ag brath ar an tionónta leanúint air de bheith, in aon oifig, fostaíocht nó ceapachán.
(2) Beidh feidhm ag an Acht um thiarnaí Tighe agus Tionóntaithe, 1931, maidir le gach áitreabh lena mbaineann an t-alt seo agus chuige sin—
(i) folóidh “tionóntachán” san Acht sin gach áitreabh den sórt sin,
(ii) folóidh “gnó” san Acht sin gach ceird, gairm agus gnó, cibé acu le haghaidh gnóchain nó luaíochta, a sheoltar é, agus freisin an tseirbhís phoiblí,
(iii) beidh éifeacht ag fo-alt (1) d'alt 19 den Acht sin amhail is dá gcuirtí an focal agus an mhír seo a leanas leis:
“nó
(e) gur áitreabh dá dtagraítear i bhfo-alt (1) d'alt 54 den Acht Srianta Cíosa, 1960, an tionóntachán sin.”,
(iv) in aon chás ina bhfeidhmeofar mír (a) d'fho-alt (2) d'alt 24 den Acht seo maidir le haon áitreabh den sórt sin, forléireofar an tagairt do mhí sa mhír sin mar thagairt do shé mhí,
(v) i gcás aon áitreabh den sórt sin a bheith, díreach roimh an dáta feidhme, ar teachtadh faoi thionóntacht reachtúil de réir bhrí Acht 1946, ansin, ar an dáta sin agus dá éis, measfar an t-áitreabh a bheith ar teachtadh ag an tionónta faoin tionóntacht sin ón tiarna talún faoi thionóntacht a mbeidh ag gabháil léi na téarmaí agus na coinníollacha céanna a ghabh leis an tionóntacht reachtúil ach amháin go bhféadfaidh an tiarna talún, trí fhógra trí mhí ar a laghad a sheirbheálfar ar an tionónta agus a rachaidh in éag aon lá gála, an tionóntacht a fhoirceannadh,
(vi) aon fhógra faoin mír sin roimhe seo measfar, chun críocha mhír (a) d'fho-alt (2) d'alt 24 den Acht sin gur fógra fágála é.
AN CHÉAD SCEIDEAL.
Achtacháin a Aisghairtear.
Uimhir agus Bliain | Gearrtheideal | Méid na hAisghairme |
An tAcht iomlán. | ||
An tAcht iomlán. | ||
An tAcht iomlán. | ||
An tAcht iomlán. | ||
An tAcht iomlán. | ||
An tAcht iomlán. | ||
An tAcht iomlán. | ||
An tAcht iomlán. | ||
An tAcht iomlán. | ||
An tAcht iomlán. | ||
An tAcht iomlán. | ||
An tAcht iomlán. |
AN DARA SCEIDEAL.
An Scála chun Suimeanna Áirithe a Ríomh.
Méid de bhreis ar dhá thrian den chíos bunúsach a caitheadh i dtréimhse dhá bhliain | Breis dleathach |
Suim nach mó ná £100 ... ... ... | Suim is comhionann le 15% sa bhliain den bhreis. |
Suim is mó ná £100 ach nach mó ná £200 ... ... ... ... ... | Suim is comhionann le— 15% sa bhliain ar an gcéad £100 den bhreis, agus 8% sa bhliain ar an gcuid eile. |
Suim is mó ná £200 ... ... ... | Suim is comhionann le— 15% sa bhliain ar an gcéad £100 den bhreis, agus 8% sa bhliain ar an dara £100, agus 6% sa bhliain ar an gcuid eile. |
Number 42 of 1960.
RENT RESTRICTIONS ACT, 1960.
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
Preliminary and General
Section | |
Restriction of Rent of Controlled Dwellings
Lawful Rent of Controlled Dwellings
Revision of basic rent of controlled dwellings to which section 7 applies. | |
Basic rent of controlled dwellings to which section 7 does not apply. | |
Determination of Rent and Recovery of Overpayments
Effect of transfer to tenant of burdens previously borne by landlord. | |
Reduction of rent owing to default of landlord in keeping controlled dwelling in repair. | |
Special Provisions for Relief of Tenants of Small Controlled Dwellings
Application by landlord or tenant in relation to provisional order. | |
Provisions applicable in default of application by landlord or tenant. | |
Restrictions on Recovery of Possession of Controlled Premises
Miscellaneous
Acts Referred to | |
1946, No. 4 | |
Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest (War Restrictions) Act, 1915 | 5 & 6 Geo. 5, c. 97 |
Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest (Restrictions) Act, 1919 | 1919, c. 7 |
Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest (Restrictions) Act, 1920 | 1920, c. 17 |
Emergency Powers (No. 313) Order, 1944 | 1944, S. R. & O., No. 29 |
Emergency Powers (No. 313) Order, 1944 (Amendment) Order, 1945 | 1945, S. R. & O., No. 188 |
1937, No. 42 | |
1952, No. 16 | |
1954, No. 16 | |
1928, No. 4 | |
1956, No. 45 | |
1956, No. 46 | |
1931, No. 50 | |
1952, No. 25 | |
Landlord and Tenant Law Amendment Act (Ireland), 1860. | 1860, c. 154 |
Summary Jurisdiction (Ireland) Act, 1851 | 1851, c. 92 |
1931, No. 55 | |
Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest (Restrictions) Act, 1923 | 1923, No. 19 |
Number 42 of 1960.
RENT RESTRICTIONS ACT, 1960.
PART I.
Preliminary and General.
Short title and commencement.
1.—(1) This Act may be cited as the Rent Restrictions Act, 1960.
(2) This Act shall come into operation on the 31st day of December, 1960.
Interpretation generally.
2.—(1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires—
“the Act of 1946” means the Rent Restrictions Act, 1946;
“basic rent” means, in relation to a controlled dwelling, the basic rent of the dwelling determined under section 7, section 8 or section 9 (as the case may be) of this Act
“controlled dwelling” means any dwelling to which, by virtue of section 3 of this Act, the Act applies;
“District Justice” means a Justice of the District Court;
“dwelling” means a house let as a separate dwelling, or a part, so let, of any house, whether or not the tenant shares with any other persons any portion thereof or any accommodation, amenity or facility in connection therewith;
“the former enactments relating to restriction of rent” means—
(a) the Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest (War Restrictions) Act, 1915,
(b) the Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest (Restrictions) Act, 1919,
(c) the Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest (Restrictions) Act, 1920,
(d) the Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest (Restrictions) Acts, 1923 to 1930,
(e) the Emergency Powers (No. 313) Order, 1944, and the Emergency Powers (No. 313) Order, 1944 (Amendment) Order, 1945, and
(f) the Rent Restrictions Acts, 1946 to 1959;
“landlord”, when used in relation to any dwelling, includes any person from time to time deriving title under the original landlord of the dwelling, and also includes any person, other than the tenant, who is or would but for this Act be entitled to possession of the dwelling;
“lawful addition” means, in relation to the basic rent of a controlled dwelling, any sum which is, by virtue of section 10 of this Act, a lawful addition to the basic rent;
“lawful rent” means, in relation to a controlled dwelling, the sum declared by section 11 of this Act to be the lawful rent of the dwelling;
“let” includes sublet;
“the Minister” means the Minister for Justice;
“non-statutory tenant” means a tenant who is not a statutory tenant;
“the operative date” means the date of the commencement of this Act, that is to say, the 31st day of December, 1960;
“prescribed” means prescribed by the Minister by regulations made under this Act;
“rates” means, in relation to a controlled dwelling, the rates (including water rates) which are made by a local authority (being the council of a county, the corporation of a county or other borough, or the council of an urban district) in respect of the dwelling for the service of any local financial year and which by any Act are, or but for any Act would be, chargeable on the occupier of the dwelling;
“statutory tenancy” means the interest of a statutory tenant in the dwelling in relation to which the expression is used;
“statutory tenant” means a person being either—
(a) a person who retains possession of any controlled dwelling after his contractual tenancy therein (not being a tenancy to which section 37 of this Act applies) has terminated, or
(b) a person who retains possession of any controlled dwelling under subsection (2), subsection (3) or subsection (4) of section 31 of this Act, or
(c) a person who retains possession of any controlled dwelling under subparagraph (iii) of paragraph (a) or under paragraph (b) of subsection (5) of section 32 of this Act, or
(d) a person who retains possession of any controlled dwelling under section 52 of this Act;
“tenant” includes in relation to any dwelling a statutory tenant, and includes any person from time to time deriving title under the original tenant, and also includes a subtenant.
(2) References in this Act to an order for the recovery of possession of a controlled dwelling shall be construed as including references to an order for ejectment of a tenant therefrom.
(3) References in this Act to any enactment shall be construed as references to that enactment as amended by any subsequent enactment.
Controlled dwelling.
3.—(1) Subject to subsection (2) of this section, this Act applies to every dwelling.
(2) This Act does not apply to—
(a) a dwelling the rateable valuation of which exceeds—
(i) in case the dwelling is situate in the county borough of Dublin or the borough of Dún Laoghaire, sixty pounds,
(ii) in any other case, forty pounds,
(b) a dwelling erected after, or in course of being erected on, the 7th day of May, 1941,
(c) a dwelling the letting of which is under the Labourers Acts, 1883 to 1958, or the Housing of the Working Classes Acts, 1890 to 1958,
(d) a dwelling let at a rent (hereinafter called the reserved rent) which includes payments for board, attendance or the use of furniture, or for the supply to the dwelling of heat, hot water, fuel, electricity or any other commodity or for the rendering of any services in connection with the dwelling, unless, on apportionment of the reserved rent by the Court, the portion of the reserved rent which, in the opinion of the Court, is attributable to the dwelling alone equals or exceeds three quarters of the reserved rent, in which case the rent of the dwelling shall be taken, for the purposes of this Act, to be the portion of the reserved rent so attributable to the dwelling alone,
(e) a house which at the commencement of this Act is occupied by the owner thereof for the purposes of his own residence, or thereafter becomes so occupied,
(f) a house of which the landlord is, at the commencement of this Act, in possession or thereafter comes into possession and the rateable valuation whereof exceeds—
(i) in case the house is situate in the county borough of Dublin or the borough of Dún Laoghaire, thirty pounds,
(ii) in any other case, twenty-five pounds,
(g) a dwelling which is a separate and self-contained flat forming part of any buildings which, after the commencement of this Act, were reconstructed by way of conversion into two or more separate and self-contained flats,
(h) a dwelling let together with land other than the site of the dwelling, if the rateable valuation of the land exceeds the lesser of the following:
(i) half the rateable valuation of the site including the building or buildings thereon, or
(ii) (I) in case the dwelling is situate in the county borough of Dublin or the borough of Dún Laoghaire, ten pounds,
(II) in any other case, five pounds.
(3) The application of this Act to a dwelling forming part of a house (other than a house erected after, or in course of being erected on, the 7th day of May, 1941, or a house the letting of which is under the Labourers Acts, 1883 to 1958, or the Housing of the Working Classes Acts, 1890 to 1958) shall not be excluded by reason only of the fact that this Act does not apply to the house.
(4) Where the rateable valuation of a dwelling is increased and thereby the valuation becomes a valuation which exceeds—
(a) in case the dwelling is situate in the county borough of Dublin or the borough of Dún Laoghaire, sixty pounds, or
(b) in any other case, forty pounds,
this Act shall, notwithstanding paragraph (a) of subsection (2) of this section, continue to apply to the dwelling unless and until the landlord comes into possession thereof.
(5) Where, immediately before the commencement of this Act,—
(a) a dwelling stood let together with land other than the site of the dwelling, and
(b) the Act of 1946 applied to the dwelling.
this Act shall, notwithstanding paragraph (h) of subsection (2) of this section, apply to the dwelling unless and until the landlord comes into possession thereof.
(6) In paragraph (e) of subsection (2) of this section “owner” includes a person having any estate or interest in the house except under a contract of tenancy not being for more than a term of twenty-one years.
(7) In paragraph (f) of subsection (2) and in subsections (4) and (5) of this section “possession” means actual possession, and a landlord shall not be deemed to have come into possession by reason only of a change of tenancy made with his consent.
Dwellings used in part for business purposes, etc.
4.—The application of this Act to a dwelling shall not be excluded by reason only of the fact that part of it is used for the purposes of any business, trade or profession.
Repeals and adaptations of references to repealed Acts.
5.—(1) The enactments mentioned in the First Schedule to this Act are hereby repealed to the extent specified in the third column of that Schedule.
(2) References in any Act passed before the passing of this Act to the Rent Restrictions Acts, 1946 to 1959, or to any of those Acts, shall be construed as references to this Act.
Expenses.
6.—The expenses incurred by the Minister in the administration of this Act shall, to such extent as may be sanctioned by the Minister for Finance, be paid out of moneys provided by the Oireachtas.
PART II.
Restriction of Rent of Controlled Dwellings.
Chapter 1.
Lawful Rent of Controlled Dwellings.
Basic rent of certain controlled dwellings.
7.—(1) This section applies to—
(a) a controlled dwelling in respect of which evidence is forthcoming of both of the following facts—
(i) that it was on the operative date (in this section referred to as the relevant date) held by an occupying tenant thereof under a contract of tenancy not being for more than a term of five years or under a statutory tenancy (within the meaning of the Act of 1946), and
(ii) the rent at which it was so held;
(b) a controlled dwelling in respect of which evidence is forthcoming of all the following facts—
(i) that it was not so held on the operative date,
(ii) that it was last so held on a date (in this section also referred to as the relevant date) during the period of three years ending on the operative date, and
(iii) the rent at which it was so held.
(2) The basic rent of a controlled dwelling to which this section applies shall be—
(a) in the case of a dwelling specified in the Schedule attached to the Agreement entered into on the 6th day of October, 1960, between the Dublin Artisans' Dwellings Company Limited and the Dublin Artisans' Dwellings Tenants Association and deposited in the Public Record Office—the rent specified in the third column of that Schedule in respect of the dwelling, and
(b) in any other case—the net rent at which it was held on the relevant date.
(3) For the purposes of this section, the net rent at which a controlled dwelling was held on the relevant date shall be taken to be—
(a) in case the landlord at the relevant date habitually paid or allowed a deduction or set-off against, or indemnified the tenant in respect of, the rates or any part thereof, the rent payable at that date less the amount of the payment, allowance, deduction, set-off or indemnity (as the case may be);
(b) in any other case, the rent payable at that date.
Revision of basic rent of controlled dwellings to which section 7 applies.
8.—(1) (a) If, on an application to the Court under this subsection by the landlord of a controlled dwelling to which section 7 of this Act applies, not being a dwelling referred to in paragraph (a) of subsection (2) of that section, the Court is satisfied—
(i) that the basic rent of the dwelling falls short of, by an amount exceeding one-eighth of the basic rent, the rent (in this subsection referred to as the notional rent) which, if the premises were premises to which section 9 of this Act applies, would be determined by the Court as the basic rent thereof, and
(ii) that the amount of the basic rent was affected by special circumstances,
the basic rent of the dwelling shall be determined by the Court and shall be the amount which, in the opinion of the Court, represents the notional rent, and thenceforth the dwelling shall, without prejudice to the previous application thereto of paragraph (a) of section 16 of this Act, become a dwelling to which section 9 of this Act applies as if such determination had been made under that section.
(b) In determining pursuant to paragraph (a) of this subsection the notional rent of a dwelling to which Chapter 1 of Part II of the Act of 1946 applied, “(being dwellings to which Chapter 1 of Part II of the Act of 1946 applied)” shall be regarded as being contained in subsection (2) of section 9 of this Act after “controlled dwellings” and, in determining as aforesaid the notional rent of any other dwelling, “(being dwellings to which Chapter 2 of Part II of the Act of 1946 applied)” shall be regarded as being so contained in that subsection.
(2) (a) If, on an application to the Court under this subsection by the tenant of a controlled dwelling to which section 7 of this Act applies, not being a dwelling referred to in paragraph (a) of subsection (2) of that section, the Court is satisfied that the basic rent of the dwelling exceeds, by an amount exceeding one-eighth of the basic rent, the rent (in this subsection referred to as the notional rent) which, if the dwelling were a dwelling to which section 9 of this Act applies, would be determined by the Court as the basic rent thereof, the basic rent of the dwelling shall be determined by the Court and shall be the amount which, in the opinion of the Court, represents the notional rent, and thenceforth the dwelling shall, without prejudice to the previous application thereto of paragraph (a) of section 16 of this Act, become a dwelling to which section 9 of this Act applies as if such determination had been made under that section.
(b) In determining pursuant to paragraph (a) of this subsection the notional rent of a dwelling—
(i) the Court shall have regard to any amount expended on the improvement, structural alteration or repair of the dwelling which is an amount by reference to which a lawful addition within the meaning of the Act of 1946 has been obtained, and
(ii) in the case of a dwelling of which the rateable valuation does not exceed ten pounds and which is a dwelling to which Chapter 1 of Part II of the Act of 1946 applied, “(being dwellings to which Chapter 1 of Part II of the Act of 1946 applied)” shall be regarded as being contained in subsection (2) of section 9 of this Act after “controlled dwellings” and, in the case of any other dwelling, “(being dwellings to which Chapter 2 of Part II of the Act of 1946 applied)” shall be regarded as being so contained in that subsection.
(3) (a) If, on an application to the Court under this subsection by the tenant of a controlled dwelling, the Court is satisfied that the dwelling is a dwelling to which this subsection applies and that the basic rent of the dwelling exceeds the notional rent, the basic rent of the dwelling shall be determined by the Court and shall be the amount which, in the opinion of the Court, represents the notional rent, and thenceforth the dwelling shall, without prejudice to the previous application thereto of paragraph (a) of section 16 of this Act, become a dwelling to which section 9 of this Act applies as if such determination had been made under that section.
(b) In this subsection—
“dwelling to which this subsection applies” means a controlled dwelling—
(i) to which section 7 of this Act applies, not being a dwelling referred to in paragraph (a) of subsection (2) of that section,
(ii) with respect to which the basic rent (within the meaning of the Act of 1946) was fixed by section 8 of the Act of 1946 or was determined by the Court under that Act, and
(iii) which was held by the tenant on the relevant date at a rent in excess of the lawful rent (within the meaning of the Act of 1946);
“the notional rent” means, in relation to a dwelling,—
(i) in case, at the relevant date, the landlord habitually paid or allowed a deduction or set-off against, or indemnified the tenant in respect of, the rates or any part thereof, the lawful rent (within the meaning of the Act of 1946) at that date less the amount of the payment, allowance, deduction, set-off or indemnity (as the case may be),
(ii) in any other case, the lawful rent (within the meaning of the Act of 1946) at the relevant date;
“the relevant date” has the same meaning as that expression has in section 7 of this Act.
Basic rent of controlled dwellings to which section 7 does not apply.
9.—(1) This section applies to every controlled dwelling other than controlled dwellings to which section 7 of this Act applies.
(2) The basic rent of a controlled dwelling to which this section applies shall be determined by the Court and shall be a rent of such amount as the Court considers reasonable having regard as far as possible to the basic rents of controlled dwellings which are comparable in regard to location, accommodation, amenities, state of repair and rateable valuation.
(3) For the purpose of the determination by the Court of the basic rent under this section, the tenant shall be deemed to be responsible for the rates.
Lawful additions to basic rent.
10.—(1) In this section “the critical date” means—
(a) in the case of a controlled dwelling to which section 7 of this Act applies, the operative date,
(b) in the case of a controlled dwelling to which section 9 of this Act applies—
(i) in case it has become such a dwelling by virtue of section 8 of this Act, the operative date, and
(ii) in any other case, the date of the institution of the proceedings in which the basic rent of the dwelling is determined.
(2) For the purposes of this Act and subject to the subsequent provisions of this section, the sum mentioned in any paragraph of this subsection shall, in the case set out in that paragraph, be a lawful addition to the basic rent of a controlled dwelling:
(a) in case the landlord of the dwelling pays or allows a deduction or set-off against, or indemnifies the tenant in respect of, the rates or any part thereof, a sum equal to the amount for the time being of the payment, deduction, set-off or indemnity (as the case may be);
(b) in case the landlord is liable for the whole or part of the repairs to the dwelling, a sum equal to twelve and one-half per cent. of the basic rent;
(c) in case the landlord, on or after the critical date, expends any amount (excluding any amount expended on decoration or repairs) on the improvement or structural alteration of the dwelling, a sum equal to eight per cent. per annum of that amount;
(d) in case the landlord, on or after the critical date, expends any amount on repairs to the dwelling which are wholly or mainly rendered necessary because of acts of waste by, or the neglect or default of, the tenant or any person residing with him or any of his lodgers or subtenants, a sum equal to eight per cent. per annum of that amount;
(e) in case the landlord, during any period of two years ending on a 31st day of December (being the 31st day of December, 1960, the 31st day of December, 1961, the 31st day of December, 1962 or any subsequent 31st day of December), expends an amount in excess of two-thirds of the basic rent of the dwelling on putting the dwelling into a reasonable state of repair, a sum calculated in accordance with the scale set out in the Second Schedule to this Act.
(3) Where—
(a) an amount is expended on improvement, structural alteration or repair of a dwelling, being improvement, alteration or repair commencing on or after the 1st day of April, 1961, and
(b) apart from this subsection, there would, having regard to paragraph (c), (d) or (e) (as the case may be) of subsection (2) of this section, be a lawful addition to the basic rent of the dwelling by reference to the amount,
there shall be no lawful addition to the basic rent of the dwelling by reference to the amount unless the landlord has, at least fourteen days before the commencement of the improvement, alteration or repair, served on the tenant a notice in the prescribed form, or a form substantially to the same effect, containing particulars of the work proposed to be done and the estimated cost thereof.
(4) Where—
(a) a house consists of two or more controlled dwellings and the landlord of the dwellings expends—
(i) an amount (excluding any amount expended on decoration or repairs) on the improvement or structural alteration of the house, or
(ii) an amount on repairs to the house which are wholly or mainly rendered necessary because of acts of waste by, or the neglect or default of, any of the tenants or any person residing with any of the tenants or any of the lodgers or subtenants of any of the tenants, and
(b) all the controlled dwellings benefit directly or indirectly from the improvement, alteration or repairs,
the amount shall, for the purposes of subsection (2) of this section, be taken as apportioned among the dwellings in proportion to their respective rateable valuations.
(5) Where—
(a) a house consists of two or more controlled dwellings and the landlord of the dwellings expends an amount in excess of two-thirds of the aggregate of the basic rents of the dwellings on putting the house into a reasonable state of repair, and
(b) all the controlled dwellings benefit directly or indirectly from the repairs,
the following provisions shall have effect for the purposes of subsection (2) of this section:
(i) a calculation shall be made in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (e) of that subsection of the sum which would be the lawful addition if the house were a dwelling having a basic rent equal to the aggregate of the basic rents of the dwellings,
(ii) that sum shall be apportioned among the dwellings in proportion to their respective rateable valuations,
(iii) the said paragraph (e) shall be taken as having provided, as respects each dwelling, for the sum apportioned to it on the apportionment (and no other sum) being a lawful addition to its basic rent.
(6) (a) In the case of a dwelling with respect to which there has been, during a relevant period, an excess of expenditure such as is referred to in paragraph (g) of subsection (2) of section 11 or paragraph (e) of subsection (2) of section 17 of the Act of 1946 (being an excess of expenditure by reference to which there has been a lawful addition within the meaning of that Act) paragraph (b) of subsection (2) of this section shall not apply in relation to the dwelling except in a case in which a relevant grant was made in respect of repairs by reference to which the excess of expenditure occurred, and, in any such case, in the calculation of the lawful addition under the said paragraph (b), the basic rent shall be reduced by the portion thereof which is attributable to the addition under the said paragraph (g) or the said paragraph (e) (as the case may be).
(b) In the case of a dwelling with respect to which there has been, during a relevant period, an excess of expenditure such as is referred to in paragraph (e) of subsection (2) of this section (being an excess of expenditure by reference to which there has been a lawful addition), paragraph (b) of that subsection shall cease to apply in relation to the dwelling except in a case in which a relevant grant was made in respect of repairs by reference to which the excess of expenditure occurred.
(c) In this subsection—
“relevant period” means—
(i) in paragraph (a)—any period of two years ending on a 31st day of December, being the 31st day of December, 1945, or any subsequent 31st day of December not later than the 31st day of December, 1960, and
(ii) in paragraph (b)—any period of two years ending on a 31st day of December, being the 31st day of December, 1960, or any subsequent 31st day of December;
“relevant grant” means a grant under section 5 of the Housing and Labourers Act, 1937, under that section as extended by section 33 of the Housing (Amendment) Act, 1952, or under section 12 of the Housing (Amendment) Act, 1954.
(7) Where portion of the basic rent of a dwelling is attributable to an addition under paragraph (g) of subsection (2) of section 11 or paragraph (e) of subsection (2) of section 17 of the Act of 1946 in respect of expenditure during the period of two years ending on the 31st day of December, 1960, paragraph (e) of subsection (2) of this section shall have effect in relation to the dwelling as if the references therein to the 31st day of December, 1960, and the 31st day of December, 1961, were omitted.
(8) For the purposes of subsection (2) of this section, the amount of any grant under the Housing (Financial and Miscellaneous Provisions) Acts, 1932 to 1958, as amended or extended by any subsequent enactment, shall not be reckoned as part of any amount expended on any improvement, structural alteration or repairs to which that subsection applies.
(9) In the application of this Chapter to a small dwelling, within the meaning of the Local Government (Rates on Small Dwellings) Act, 1928, the following provisions shall have effect:
(a) the word “rates” in paragraph (a) of subsection (2) of this section shall not include a rate made by virtue of the last-mentioned Act on the owner of the small dwelling, and
(b) the amount by which the rent of the small dwelling is increased by virtue of section 6 of the last-mentioned Act shall be taken into account as a lawful addition in calculating the lawful rent of the small dwelling.
Lawful rent.
11.—The lawful rent of a controlled dwelling shall be—
(a) in case there is no lawful addition to the basic rent of the dwelling, the basic rent of the dwelling,
(b) in any other case, the sum of the basic rent of the dwelling and the lawful additions thereto.
Chapter 2..
Determination of Rent and Recovery of Overpayments.
Information as to basic rent or lawful rent.
12.—(1) The landlord or the tenant of a controlled dwelling shall, on being so requested by the Court, supply the Court with a statement in writing affording any information in his possession or procurement requisite to enable the Court to determine the basic rent or the lawful rent of the dwelling.
(2) The landlord of a controllod dwelling shall, on being so requested in writing by the tenant, supply the tenant with a statement affording any information in the landlord's possession or procurement requisite to enable the tenant to determine the basic rent or the lawful rent of the dwelling or have it determined by the Court.
(3) The tenant of a controlled dwelling shall, on being so requested in writing by the landlord, supply the landlord with a statement in writing affording any information in the tenant's possession or procurement requisite to enable the landlord to determine the basic rent or the lawful rent of the dwelling or have it determined by the Court.
(4) There shall be implied in every contract, made on or after the 12th day of March, 1946, and before the operative date or made on or after the operative date, for the sale of any interest in a controlled dwelling (if not already expressly included) a provision binding the vendor to give to the purchaser any information in the vendor's possession or procurement requisite to enable the purchaser to determine the basic rent or the lawful rent of the dwelling or any part thereof.
(5) Every stipulation in a contract for the sale of a dwelling, whereby the purchaser is precluded from making requisitions as to the matters mentioned in subsection (4) of this section shall be void.
(6) If, without reasonable excuse, a person requested under subsection (1), (2) or (3) of this section to supply a statement fails within twenty-eight days to do so or supplies a statement which is false or misleading in any material particular and not proved to have been made innocently and without intent to deceive, he shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on summary conviction thereof, be liable to a fine not exceeding fifty pounds.
Determination of rent to be paid by tenants.
13.—(1) The rent to be paid by a tenant in respect of a controlled dwelling shall, subject to this Act, be determined in accordance with the following provisions:
(a) where the landlord and the tenant agree upon the rent to be paid by the tenant and the rent so agreed upon does not exceed the amount which is then the lawful rent of the dwelling, the rent so agreed upon shall, until varied by agreement or by a notice under this section, be and continue to be the rent to be paid by the tenant in respect of the dwelling;
(b) where the rent for the time being payable by the tenant is less than the lawful rent for the time being and the landlord serves on the tenant a notice under this section increasing the rent to an amount not exceeding the lawful rent for the time being, then, as from the date on which the notice takes effect, the rent as so increased shall, until varied by agreement or by a notice under this section, be and continue to be the rent to be paid by the tenant in respect of the dwelling;
(c) where the rent for the time being payable by the tenant exceeds the lawful rent for the time being and the tenant serves on the landlord a notice under this section reducing the rent to an amount equal to the lawful rent for the time being, then, as from the date on which the notice takes effect, the rent as so reduced shall, until varied by agreement or a notice under this section, be and continue to be the rent to be paid by the tenant in respect of the dwelling;
(d) where the rent to be paid by a statutory tenant has not been determined under any of the foregoing paragraphs of this subsection, the rent payable by the tenant for the time being in respect of the dwelling on the operative date, or the then lawful rent (whichever is the lesser), or if the statutory tenant has since the operative date held under any contract of tenancy, the rent last payable by him under that contract or the then lawful rent (whichever is the lesser) shall, subject to this section, be and continue to be the rent to be paid in respect of the dwelling;
(e) where the rent to be paid by a non-statutory tenant has not been determined under any of the foregoing paragraphs of this subsection, the rent payable by the tenant for the time being in respect of the dwelling on the operative date, or the then lawful rent (whichever is the lesser), or if the tenant holds under any contract of tenancy, the tenancy whereunder commenced subsequent to the operative date, the rent payable by him at the commencement of the tenancy or the then lawful rent (whichever is the lesser) shall, subject to this section, be and continue to be the rent to be paid in respect of the dwelling.
(2) In the case of a controlled dwelling to which section 9 of this Act applies and of which the basic rent has not been determined under that section, where the landlord serves on the tenant a notice under this section increasing the rent to a rent consisting of the aggregate of—
(a) the rent (to be specified in the notice) which the landlord considers would be determined by the Court as the basic rent, and
(b) the lawful additions (to be specified in the notice) which he considers could properly be added to that basic rent,
such increased rent shall, until varied by agreement or by the Court, be and continue to be the rent to be paid by the tenant in respect of the dwelling.
(3) Every notice served under this section shall be in the prescribed form, or a form substantially to the same effect, and shall contain the relevant particulars indicated by the form.
(4) The following provisions shall have effect with respect to notices under subsection (1) or subsection (2) of this section:
(a) in case—
(i) the notice purports to increase the rent payable by a non-statutory tenant to an amount exceeding the amount which would, under the terms of his contract of tenancy and disregarding any enactment (including this Act) by which any term thereof relating to rent is modified, be payable at the time when the notice is expressed to take effect, and
(ii) the increase is not an increase based solely on an increase of the rates payable on a dwelling any tenant of which has availed himself of this Act or of any of the former enactments relating to restriction of rent to obtain a reduction of the rent of the dwelling,
the notice shall take effect on the date mentioned in whichever of the following subparagraphs is applicable:
(I) if the tenancy could be legally determined on any day subsequent to service of the notice but not later than the date on which the notice is expressed to take effect, that date,
(II) if the tenancy could not be so determined, the earliest date on which, if the notice were a notice to quit, it would be effective to determine the tenancy;
(b) in any other case, the notice shall take effect on the expiry of seven clear days from the date of service.
(5) If a notice served under this section contains any statement or representation which is false or misleading in any material respect, the person making or causing to be made such statement or representation shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on summary conviction thereof, be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds unless he proves that the statement or representation was made innocently and without intent to deceive.
(6) At any time after the expiry of a notice under paragraph (b) of subsection (1) or under subsection (2) of this section increasing the rent of any controlled dwelling by an amount consisting of or including any sum in respect of the matters mentioned in paragraph (c), (d) or (e) of subsection (2) of section 10 of this Act, the Court may, on the application of the tenant, if satisfied either—
(i) that the expenditure (in so far as it is applicable to any of the said matters) in respect of which the notice was served was not incurred or was unnecessary in whole or in part, or
(ii) that the improvements, structural alterations or repairs have not been carried out satisfactorily,
disallow or reduce the increase accordingly, as from such date (whether before the date of the application or otherwise) as the Court thinks fit.
Effect of transfer to tenant of burdens previously borne by landlord.
14.—(1) Any transfer to a tenant of any burden or liability previously borne by the landlord shall, for the purposes of this Act, be treated as an alteration of rent, and where, as the result of such a transfer, the terms on which any controlled dwelling is held are on the whole less favourable to the tenant than the previous terms, the rent shall be deemed to be increased, whether or not the sum periodically payable by way of rent is increased, and any increase of rent in respect of any transfer to a landlord of any burden or liability previously borne by the tenant where, as the result of the transfer, the terms on which any controlled dwelling is held are, on the whole, not less favourable to the tenant than the previous terms, shall be deemed not to be an increase of rent for the purposes of this Act.
(2) For the purpose of this section, the rent shall not be deemed to be increased where the liability for rates is transferred from the landlord to the tenant if a corresponding reduction is made in the rent.
Reduction of rent owing to default of landlord in keeping controlled dwelling in repair.
15.—(1) The tenant or the sanitary authority may at any time apply to the Court on notice to the landlord for an order reducing the rent of any controlled dwelling to which Chapter 1 of Part II of the Act of 1946 applied on the ground that the dwelling is not in all respects in good and tenantable repair.
(2) Where any application is made under this section, the Court, on being satisfied that the dwelling is not in all respects in good and tenantable repair and on being further satisfied that the condition of the dwelling is wholly or mainly due to the failure of the landlord to carry out such repairs as he is by virtue of any covenant, agreement, or otherwise by operation of law (including this Act) bound to carry out, may order that the rent to be paid for the dwelling be reduced by such amount, not exceeding twenty per cent. of the lawful rent, as the Court thinks proper.
(3) For the purposes of this section, a certificate of the sanitary authority that the controlled dwelling to which the application relates is not in all respects in good and tenantable repair shall be prima facie evidence of the facts so certified.
(4) Where an order is made under subsection (2) of this section, the following provisions shall have effect:
(a) the order shall remain in force unless and until the Court, on the application of the landlord, being satisfied that all repairs, the neglect to carry out which was the ground for the making of the order, have been carried out, makes an order terminating the reduction;
(b) if, on any such application by the landlord, the Court refuses to make an order terminating the reduction and is satisfied that such repairs have wholly or mainly been rendered necessary by the persistent neglect or default of the landlord, the Court may, notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, order that the said reduced rent, or such other amount, not being less than eighty per cent. of the lawful rent, as the Court shall determine, shall be and continue to be the rent to be paid for the dwelling for such time as the Court thinks proper.
(5) On any application to a sanitary authority for a certificate for the purposes of this section, a fee of five shillings shall be payable, but, where that fee has been paid by the tenant, the Court may order that he shall be entitled to deduct it from any subsequent payment of rent.
(6) In this section the expression “sanitary authority” means the sanitary authority under the Local Government (Sanitary Services) Acts, 1878 to 1952.
Sums declared to be irrecoverable.
16.—If—
(a) the rent of a controlled dwelling (being a dwelling to which section 7 of this Act applies) in respect of any period beginning on or after the operative date exceeds the rent to be paid (in accordance with this Act) for that dwelling in respect of that period, or
(b) the rent of a controlled dwelling (being a dwelling to which section 9 of this Act applies) in respect of any period beginning on or after the date of the institution of the proceedings in which the basic rent is determined by the Court exceeds the rent to be paid (in accordance with this Act) for that dwelling in respect of that period,
the amount of the excess shall, notwithstanding any agreement to the contrary, be irrecoverable from the tenant of the dwelling.
Recovery of overpayments.
17.—(1) Where any sum—
(a) has been paid on account of any rent which has accrued due after the operative date, and
(b) is a sum declared by section 16 of this Act to be irrecoverable from the tenant,
such sum shall, subject to section 18 of this Act, be recoverable from the landlord who received the payment or his legal personal representative by the tenant by whom it was paid or his legal personal representative.
(2) If any person in any rent book or similar document makes an entry showing or purporting to show any tenant as being in arrear in respect of any sum declared by this Act to be irrecoverable, that person shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on summary conviction thereof, be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds unless he proves that he acted innocently and without intent to deceive and that the entry was made in respect of a period during which proceedings in respect of the controlled dwelling were pending.
Limitation on recovery of overpayments.
18.—(1) No person shall be entitled to recover in any manner any sum paid on account of rent which is by section 16 of this Act declared to be irrecoverable from the tenant save within two years next after the payment of that sum.
(2) Without prejudice to any proceedings instituted before the passing of this Act, no person shall be entitled to recover in any manner any sum paid on account of rent which is by section 23 of the Act of 1946 declared to be irrecoverable from the tenant.
PART III.
Special Provisions for Relief of Tenants of Small Controlled Dwellings.
Interpretation of Part III.
19.—(1) In this Part—
“appointed area” means any area being—
(a) the area consisting of—
(i) the county borough of Dublin,
(ii) the borough of Dún Laoghaire, and
(iii) the parts of the Dublin Metropolitan District outside the area consisting of the county borough of Dublin and the borough of Dún Laoghaire,
(b) the county borough of Cork,
(c) the county borough of Limerick,
(d) the county borough of Waterford, or
(e) any area prescribed by regulations for the time being in force as an appointed area for the purposes of this Part;
“court area” means—
(a) in a case in which the relevant dwelling is situate in the Dublin Metropolitan District—that District, and
(b) in any other case—the district court area in which the relevant dwelling is situate;
“existing rent” means the rent payable by a tenant for a small controlled dwelling immediately prior to his making an application for a provisional order in respect of the dwelling;
“provisional order” means an order under section 21 of this Act;
“small controlled dwelling” means a controlled dwelling situate in an appointed area, being a dwelling to which Chapter 1 of Part II of the Act of 1946 applied and being—
(a) in case that area is prescribed by regulations, a dwelling the rateable valuation whereof does not exceed such amount (not being more than ten pounds) as may be prescribed, or
(b) in any other case, a dwelling the rateable valuation whereof does not exceed ten pounds.
(2) Any reference in this Part to the District Court Clerk shall, where there are two or more District Court Clerks for the court area concerned, be construed as a reference to any of those Clerks.
(3) Where it is provided in this Part that a District Justice is to cause a document to be served, it may be served in the same manner as a summons under the rules of the District Court for the time being in force.
Applications for provisional orders.
20.—(1) The tenant of a dwelling which he claims to be a small controlled dwelling may apply to the District Justice assigned to the district in which the dwelling is situate for a provisional order fixing the lawful rent of the dwelling.
(2) Every application under this section shall be made by the tenant attending, in person or by agent, the District Court Clerk of the court area in which the dwelling concerned is situate and furnishing particulars in support of his claim to the said District Court Clerk who shall record such particulars and refer the application as soon as may be to the appropriate District Justice.
(3) Any person who, in support of an application under this section, furnishes or causes to be furnished to the District Court Clerk particulars which are false or misleading in any material respect, shall, unless he proves that he acted innocently and without intent to deceive, be guilty of an offence and shall, on summary conviction thereof, be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds.
(4) Where a person, not being a solicitor, acts as agent for any person on an application under this section directly or indirectly for or in expectation of reward or is remunerated directly or indirectly out of the funds of any body corporate or unincorporated body of persons of which the tenant is or was a member or to the funds of which he has been a subscriber, he shall be guilty of an offence and shall, without prejudice to his liability to be convicted of any other offence of which he may be guilty, be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding one hundred pounds or, at the discretion of the Court, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both such fine and imprisonment.
Making of provisional orders.
21.—(1) Where an application under section 20 of this Act is referred to a District Justice—
(a) the District Justice shall deal with the application privately unless a hearing in open court becomes appropriate in accordance with paragraph (e) of this subsection;
(b) the District Justice, unless it appears to him that the application should be refused, shall cause a notice to be served upon the landlord informing him that the application has been made, stating particulars of the application and requiring him to furnish within fourteen days after the service of the notice, to the District Court Clerk of the court area in which the dwelling concerned is situate, such information in the landlord's possession as might assist the Justice in making a provisional order determining the lawful rent of the dwelling;
(c) as soon as may be after the said information has been furnished or the expiration of the said fourteen days (whichever first occurs) and, if a reference under section 28 is made, after receipt of the report made on the reference, the District Justice shall, subject to paragraphs (d) and (e) of this subsection, proceed as follows:
(i) in case it appears to him—
(I) that the dwelling is a small controlled dwelling to which section 7 of this Act applies and the basic rent does not exceed, by an amount exceeding one-eighth of the basic rent, the rent which, if the dwelling were a dwelling to which section 9 of this Act applies, would, if “(being dwellings to which Chapter 1 of Part II of the Act of 1946 applied)” were contained in subsection (2) of the said section 9 after “controlled dwellings”, be determined by the Court as the basic rent thereof, or
(II) that the dwelling is a small controlled dwelling to which section 9 of this Act applies, the basic rent whereof has already been determined by the Court, and that the amount of that basic rent is ascertainable,
he may by order determine provisionally—
(A) the lawful additions to the basic rent of the dwelling, and
(B) the lawful rent of the dwelling;
(ii) in case it appears to him that the dwelling is a small controlled dwelling to which subparagraph (i) of this paragraph does not apply, he may by order determine provisionally—
(I) the basic rent of the dwelling under section 9 of this Act,
(II) the lawful additions to the basic rent of the dwelling, and
(III) the lawful rent of the dwelling;
(d) in case it appears to the District Justice that the lawful rent of the dwelling, if determined by a provisional order, would equal or exceed the existing rent, he shall dismiss the application and cause the tenant and the landlord to be informed of the dismissal and of the fact that the dismissal does not prejudice the right of either of them to apply to the Court under this Act, other than this Part, to have the rent determined;
(e) in case—
(i) the District Justice is not satisfied that he has jurisdiction to make a provisional order, or
(ii) the landlord has claimed an addition in respect of moneys alleged to have been expended on improvements, structural alterations or repairs and the District Justice is not satisfied that the landlord's claim should be allowed without formal evidence and without giving the tenant an opportunity to contest the claim,
the District Justice shall hear the application in open court and, for that purpose, shall cause the application to be listed for hearing, shall fix a date for the hearing and shall cause the landlord and tenant (who shall be entitled to appear and be represented at the hearing) to be notified accordingly;
(f) if the dwelling is not separately valued under the Valuation Acts and an apportionment in relation thereto has not already been made under section 41 of this Act, then, for the purposes of this Act, the District Justice may by order provisionally apportion to the premises such part as he thinks proper of the rateable valuation of the property in which the dwelling is comprised;
(g) if it appears to the District Justice that the rent of the dwelling includes payments for any of the matters referred to in paragraph (d) of subsection (2) of section 3 of this Act, he may by the provisional order (if made) apportion the rent for the purposes of this Act and, accordingly, references to “the Court” in that paragraph shall be construed as including references to the District Justice dealing with the application.
(2) An appeal shall not lie to the Circuit Court from the determination of a District Justice on an application under section 20 of this Act.
Provisions as to provisional orders.·
22.—(1) Where a District Justice makes a provisional order in relation to any dwelling, he shall as soon as may be cause a copy thereof to be served on the landlord and on the tenant.
(2) Subject to paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of section 23 and notwithstanding section 13 of this Act, the lawful rent fixed by a provisional order shall, as on and from the gale day next following the making of the order and for so long as the provisional order remains in force, be the rent to be paid for the dwelling to which the order applies.
(3) No proceedings shall be taken under Part II of this Act for the determination of the basic rent of any dwelling while a provisional order in respect thereof is in force or an application in respect thereof is pending under this Part.
Application by landlord or tenant in relation to provisional order.
23.—(1) The landlord or the tenant of any dwelling in respect of which a provisional order has been made may, within one month after the service of a copy of the provisional order upon him, apply to the District Court to revoke or modify the terms of the provisional order, and thereupon the following provisions shall have effect:
(a) if on the hearing of the application it appears to the Court that the dwelling is not a small controlled dwelling, the Court shall, subject to paragraph (a) of subsection (2) of this section, revoke the provisional order with effect retrospectively from the date of the making thereof;
(b) in any other case, the Court may, as it thinks proper—
(i) by order confirm the terms of the provisional order with or without modification, or
(ii) revoke the provisional order and make such new order in relation to the dwelling as the circumstances may require;
(c) if an order is made under paragraph (b) of this subsection, then, as and from the making thereof and notwithstanding anything in any other provision of this Act—
(i) the said order shall have effect as the final determination of the District Court in respect of the matters to which the said order relates,
(ii) the provisional order shall cease to be in force, and
(iii) for the purpose of the application of section 13 of this Act, the tenant shall be deemed to have entered into an agreement with the landlord to pay in respect of the dwelling a rent equal to the lawful rent of the dwelling as determined by the said order made under paragraph (b) of this subsection;
(d) on the hearing of the application the Court may make an order for the payment, in such manner as the Court may direct, of any amount due by either party to the other in relation to the dwelling, whether on account of rent or under any provision of this Act.
(2) Where, on the application under this section of a landlord, a provisional order is revoked or modified under subsection (1) of this section on the ground of information (in the form of evidence adduced by or on his behalf) which he refused or neglected to supply pursuant to a notice served on him under paragraph (b) of subsection (1) of section 21 of this Act—
(a) the Court shall not give retrospective effect to the revocation or modification, as the case may be, of the order, and
(b) unless the Court for good cause orders otherwise, costs shall be awarded against the landlord and, if a valuer, who pursuant to section 28 of this Act made a report relating to the relevant dwelling, attended at the hearing of the application, the landlord shall be ordered to pay in respect of his attendance such fee as the Court may fix.
(3) The costs of the parties in an application under this section shall, subject to paragraph (b) of subsection (2) of this section, be in the discretion of the Court, but no costs shall be awarded against the tenant in any case in which it is proved that the existing rent was higher than the lawful rent.
(4) If, on an appeal by the landlord to the Circuit Court against an order made by the District Court under this section, the Circuit Court certifies that having regard to all the circumstances of the case it is proper that the whole or a specified part of the amount for which the tenant is liable in respect of the costs of the appeal (including the tenant's own costs and the costs (if any) which, under the order of the Court, the tenant is liable to pay to the landlord) shall be defrayed out of State funds, the Minister shall defray out of moneys provided by the Oireachtas the amount of the costs in respect of which it has been so certified.
Provisions applicable in default of application by landlord or tenant.
24.—(1) Where a provisional order has been made and—
(a) the landlord has not, within one month after the date of service on him of a copy of the order, applied under subsection (1) of section 23 of this Act, and
(b) the tenant has not, within one month after the date of service on him of a copy of the order, applied under that subsection,
the following provisions shall have effect notwithstanding anything in any other provision of this Act:
(i) the terms of the provisional order shall be deemed to have been confirmed by the District Court by order under subsection (1) of section 23 of this Act and the provisions of paragraph (c) of that subsection shall apply accordingly;
(ii) an appeal shall not lie to the Circuit Court from a confirming order which is deemed to have been so made.
(2) As soon as may be after the provisions of subsection (1) of this section have taken effect in relation to any dwelling, the District Justice having jurisdiction for the purposes of this Act in the district in which the dwelling is situate shall cause to be served on the landlord and on the tenant a notice, in the prescribed form, informing such persons thereof accordingly, but failure to comply with the provisions of this subsection shall not be construed as affecting the operation of the said subsection (1).
Exemption from Court fees.
25.—No court fees shall be payable by the tenant in any proceedings (including any appeal or case stated) under this Part.
Review on grounds of fraud surprise, mistake or disability.
26.—(1) Where, under paragraph (i) of subsection (1) of section 24 of this Act, the terms of a provisional order are deemed to have been confirmed, the landlord or the tenant may at any time apply to the Court for a review of the case on the grounds of fraud, surprise, mistake or disability.
(2) Where, on an application under this section, the Court is satisfied that any ground on which the application is made existed, the Court may make such new and further orders as justice may require, including any order awarding costs which the Court considers proper.
(3) An order under subsection (2) of this section may modify or terminate the effect of any previous order made in the case and, where fraud is proved, may be retrospective.
District court valuers.
27.—(1) The Minister may, with the sanction of the Minister for Finance, appoint such and so many persons as he thinks fit to be district court valuers for the purposes of this Part.
(2) Every district court valuer shall hold office at the will of the Minister and may be removed from office by the Minister.
(3) The remuneration and conditions of employment generally of district court valuers shall be determined by the Minister for Finance.
(4) Every district court valuer shall be assigned to such district as the Minister shall from time to time direct.
(5) Neither the Civil Service Commissioners Act, 1956, nor the Civil Service Regulation Act, 1956, shall apply to the situation of district court valuer.
Reference by District Justices of questions affecting rateable valuation or rent of small controlled dwellings to valuers.
28.—(1) The District Justice assigned to a district to which a district court valuer is assigned may refer to such district court valuer for investigation and report to him any question affecting the rateable valuation or rent of a small controlled dwelling the subject of any proceedings before him under this Part or involving the rent being paid or payable for other small controlled dwellings.
(2) The District Justice assigned to a district to which a district court valuer is not assigned may refer to such person (in this section referred to as a special valuer) as he thinks fit for investigation and report to him any question affecting the rateable valuation or rent of any small controlled dwelling the subject of proceedings before him under this Part or involving the rent being paid or payable for other small controlled dwellings.
(3) Where a report is made on a reference under subsection (1) or subsection (2) of this section in relation to proceedings under this Part—
(a) the landlord and the tenant of the relevant controlled dwelling shall, on application to the district court office, be entitled to obtain copies of the report, and
(b) the District Justice may, and shall on a bona fide request by such landlord or tenant, require the valuer to attend the proceedings.
(4) Special valuers shall be remunerated by the Minister at such rates as may be prescribed by the Minister for Finance.
(5) A district court valuer or a special valuer to whom a District Justice has referred any question under subsection (1) or subsection (2) of this section may, if authorised in writing by the District Justice so to do, and on production, if demanded, of such authorisation, at all reasonable hours enter and inspect any dwelling specified in that behalf in such authorisation.
(6) If any person refuses to permit a district court valuer or a special valuer to enter or inspect any premises in exercise of his powers under subsection (5) of this section, or obstructs or interferes with him in the exercise of those powers, he shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on summary conviction thereof, be liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one month or a fine not exceeding ten pounds or both such imprisonment and such fine.
PART IV.
Restrictions on Recovery of Possession of Controlled Premises.
Restrictions on landlord's right to possession of controlled dwelling.
29.—(1) Subject to subsections (3) and (4) of this section, an order for the recovery of possession of a controlled dwelling shall not be made unless the Court considers it reasonable to make the order and—
(a) any rent lawfully due from the tenant has not been paid, or any other obligation of the tenancy, whether under the contract of tenancy (so far as it is consistent with this Act) or under this Act, has been broken or not performed, or
(b) any person (being the tenant, any individual residing with the tenant, or any of the tenant's lodgers or subtenants) has been guilty of conduct which is a nuisance or annoyance to the landlord or his agent, or to adjoining occupiers, or has used the dwelling or allowed the dwelling to be used for an immoral or illegal purpose (whether or not he has been convicted of so using it or allowing it to be so used), or
(c) the condition of the dwelling has, in the opinion of the Court, deteriorated owing to acts of waste by or the neglect or default of any such person, or
(d) the tenant has given notice to quit, and in consequence of that notice the landlord has contracted to sell or let the dwelling or has taken any other steps as a result of which he would, in the opinion of the Court, be seriously prejudiced if he could not obtain possession, or
(e) the dwelling is reasonably required by the landlord for occupation as a residence for himself or any person bona fide residing or to reside with him and either—
(i) in the opinion of the Court greater hardship would, owing to the special circumstances of the case, be caused by refusing the order for possession than by granting it, or
(ii) the Court is satisfied that alternative accommodation, reasonably suitable to the residential and other needs of the tenant and his family, is available in a controlled dwelling, or
(f) the dwelling is reasonably required by the landlord for occupation as a residence for some person in his whole time employment, and the Court is satisfied that alternative accommodation, reasonably suitable to the residential and other needs of the tenant and his family, is available in a controlled dwelling, or
(g) the dwelling is bona fide required by the landlord for occupation as a residence for some person who holds a controlled dwelling as a tenant of the landlord and has so held it for a period of not less than twelve months and the Court is satisfied—
(i) that alternative accommodation in that controlled dwelling is or will be available, and
(ii) that the alternative accommodation is reasonably suitable to the residential and other needs of the tenant from whom it is proposed to recover possession, or
(h) the dwelling is reasonably required for the purpose of the execution of the duties, powers or requirements of a Minister of State or the Land Commission or the Commissioners of Public Works in Ireland or a local authority or statutory undertaker, or
(i) the landlord is suffering financial stringency which arose since he acquired the dwelling and which can be relieved only by recovering possession of the dwelling with a view to its sale and he is prepared to pay by way of compensation to the tenant such sum as the Court considers proper, not exceeding three years' rent (including rates, whether or not payable by the tenant), or
(j) possession of the dwelling is required in the interests of good estate management or for the erection of further dwellings or for the erection or extension of premises used for any business, trade or profession and the landlord is prepared to pay by way of compensation to the tenant such sum as the Court considers proper, being not less than three years' rent (including rates, whether or not payable by the tenant), or
(k) the Court is satisfied, the dwelling being a dwelling in which the tenant is required by his contract of tenancy to carry on a business restricted in whole or in part to dealing in commodities produced or supplied by the landlord, that, owing to the unsuitability of the tenant or the manner in which the business is being carried on, the sales of those commodities are, or are likely to be, prejudicially affected.
(2) In considering whether it is reasonable to make an order for the recovery of possession of a controlled dwelling, the Court shall have regard to the extent, if any, to which the conduct of the landlord contributed to the existence of the grounds upon which he relies in support of his application for recovery of possession.
(3) Nothing in subsection (1) of this section shall affect the right of the landlord to obtain an order against a tenant for the recovery of possession of any controlled dwelling where—
(a) the tenant has sublet the dwelling, otherwise than for temporary convenience, to a subtenant, and
(b) the subtenant or any person deriving title under him will be entitled to retain possession of the dwelling under this Act, notwithstanding the order against the tenant.
(4) Nothing in subsection (1) of this section shall affect the operation of section 26 or section 34 of the Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1931.
(5) Where—
(a) an order for the recovery of possession of a controlled dwelling has been made by virtue of paragraph (e), (f) or (g) of subsection (1) of this section,
(b) the tenant appeals against the order, and
(c) the appellate court is satisfied that the alternative accommodation which was offered and which was available at the time of the first hearing was reasonably suitable to the residential and other needs of the tenant and his family,
the following provisions shall have effect:
(i) the appellate court shall not have regard to whether or not any alternative accommodation is available at the time of the hearing of the appeal,
(ii) if the appellate court is satisfied that the alternative accommodation which was offered and which was available at the time of the first hearing has been kept available for the tenant and that the landlord has incurred expense or loss in keeping it available, the appellate court may order the tenant to pay to the landlord compensation for the expense or loss incurred between the date of the original order and the date of the appeal.
(6) In making a decision, pursuant to paragraph (e), (f) or (g) of subsection (1) or paragraph (c) of subsection (5) of this section, as to the suitability of alternative accommodation, the Court or the appellate court (as the case may be) shall, in particular, take into account the proximity of the accommodation to the place of work of the tenant and of the members of his family residing with him, the means of the tenant and of the members of his family residing with him and the extent and character of the accommodation.
(7) A sum by way of compensation referred to in paragraph (i) or (j) of subsection (1) of this section shall be paid into Court for the tenant and the order for possession shall not be issued unless and until it is so paid.
Saving for rights of subtenants.
30.—An order against a tenant for the recovery of possession of a controlled dwelling shall not affect the right of any subtenant, to whom the dwelling or any part thereof has been lawfully sublet before proceedings for recovery of possession were commenced, to retain possession under this Act.
Statutory tenancy.
31.—(1) If an order for the recovery of possession of a controlled dwelling is refused by the Court on the ground that the tenant is entitled to retain possession of the dwelling by virtue of this Act, the Court shall make an order declaring that any tenancy of the tenant otherwise than by virtue of this Act has terminated, and when making any such order as aforesaid may make an order as to the payment by the tenant of any arrears of rent or any mesne rates.
(2) Where the interest of the tenant of a controlled dwelling terminates, either as the result of an order for possession or for any other reason, a subtenant to whom the dwelling or any part thereof has been lawfully sublet shall, subject to this Act, be entitled to retain possession of the dwelling and to hold from the landlord on the same terms as he would have held from the tenant if the tenancy of the tenant had not been terminated.
(3) (a) Where a non-statutory tenant of a controlled dwelling dies leaving him surviving his wife or any member of his family who was bona fide residing with him at the time of his death and either—
(i) in the case of an intestacy, the tenancy of the non-statutory tenant terminates before administration is granted in respect of his estate or during administration of his estate, or
(ii) in any other case, the tenancy of the non-statutory tenant terminates while the executor is not in occupation of the dwelling,
the following provisions shall have effect:
(I) in case the non-statutory tenant leaves him surviving his wife, who was bona fide residing with him at the time of his death, she shall be entitled to retain possession of the dwelling under the same terms and conditions as the deceased non-statutory tenant;
(II) in case the non-statutory tenant does not leave a wife who was bona fide residing with him at the time of his death, such member of his family who was bona fide residing with him at the time of his death or, where there is more than one such member, such one of them as may be agreed upon between them or as may be selected by the Court in default of agreement shall be entitled to retain possession as aforesaid.
(b) Where a non-statutory tenant of a controlled dwelling, who is a woman, dies leaving her surviving her husband or any member of her family who was bona fide residing with her at the time of her death and either—
(i) in the case of an intestacy, the tenancy of the non-statutory tenant terminates before administration is granted in respect of her estate or during administration of her estate, or
(ii) in any other case, the tenancy of the non-statutory tenant terminates while the executor is not in occupation of the dwelling,
subparagraphs (I) and (II) of paragraph (a) of this subsection shall have effect with respect to her husband and family as they have effect with respect to the wife and family of a non-statutory tenant who is a man.
(4) On the death of the statutory tenant of a controlled dwelling the following provisions shall have effect:
(a) in case the statutory tenant leaves him surviving his wife, who was bona fide residing with him at the time of his death, she shall be entitled to retain possession of the dwelling under the same terms and conditions as the deceased statutory tenant;
(b) in case the statutory tenant does not leave a wife who was bona fide residing with him at the time of his death, such member of the statutory tenant's family who was bona fide residing with him at the time of his death or, where there is more than one such member, such one of them as may be agreed upon between them or as may be selected by the Court in default of agreement shall be entitled to retain possession as aforesaid;
(c) in case the statutory tenant was a woman, paragraphs (a) and (b) of this subsection shall have effect with respect to her husband and family as they have effect with respect to the wife and family of a statutory tenant who is a man;
(d) in any case to which none of the foregoing paragraphs applies, the interest of the statutory tenant shall determine at his death.
(5) In construing the word “family” for the purposes of subsection (3) or subsection (4) of this section—
(a) a person shall be taken as being included among the persons to whom the word refers if, but only if, such person is the tenant's father, mother, grandfather, grandmother, step-father, step-mother, father-in-law, mother-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, son, daughter, nephew, niece, grandson, granddaughter, step son, step-daughter, brother, sister, half-brother, half-sister, uncle or aunt;
(b) a person adopted under the Adoption Act, 1952, shall be considered the legitimate offspring of the adopter or adopters,
(c) subject to the foregoing paragraph, an illegitimate person shall be considered the legitimate offspring of his mother and reputed father, and
(d) unless the relevant bona fide residence with the tenant was a residence which began less than six years before the tenant's death, a person in loco parentis to another shall be considered the parent of that other.
Conditions of statutory tenancy.
32.—(1) A statutory tenant shall, so long as he retains possession of a controlled dwelling by virtue of this Act, observe and be entitled to the benefit of all the terms and conditions of the original contract of tenancy, so far as they are consistent with this Act, and shall be entitled to give up possession of the dwelling only on giving such notice as would have been required under the original contract of tenancy, or, if no notice would have been so required, on giving not less than three months' notice.
(2) Notwithstanding anything in subsection (1) of this section, a landlord of a controlled dwelling shall not, for the purpose of exercising any right under this Act, be required to give any notice to quit to a statutory tenant of the dwelling.
(3) (a) A statutory tenant shall not, as a condition of the assignment or giving up possession of a controlled dwelling, ask or receive the payment of any sum, or any other consideration, by any person other than the landlord.
(b) Any person who acts in contravention of paragraph (a) of this subsection shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on summary conviction thereof, be liable to a fine not exceeding one hundred pounds.
(c) Where a person is convicted of an offence under this subsection, the Court by which he was convicted may order that any such payment or consideration be repaid to the person by whom it was made or given.
(d) Paragraph (a) of this subsection shall not apply to premises lawfully used in part for the purposes of any business, trade or profession.
(4) It shall be deemed to be a condition of a statutory tenancy in any controlled dwelling—
(a) that the tenant shall afford to the landlord access thereto for the purpose of viewing the condition and state of repair of the dwelling and shall afford all reasonable facilities for executing therein any repairs which the landlord is entitled to execute;
(b) that the tenant will not assign the dwelling or any part thereof without the consent in writing of the landlord, which consent may be withheld only if greater hardship would, owing to the special circumstances of the case, be caused by granting the consent than by withholding it;
(c) that the landlord shall be responsible for any repairs for which the tenant is not under any liability, whether expressed in the contract or implied under section 42 of the Landlord and Tenant Law Amendment Act (Ireland), 1860.
(5) Where, on or after the operative date, a controlled dwelling is lawfully assigned by the statutory tenant (in this subsection referred to as the assignor), then, in the absence of any express agreement between the landlord and the assignee, the following provisions shall have effect—
(a) if the dwelling is, at the date of the assignment, being lawfully used in part for the purposes of any business, trade or profession, the assignee shall, from the said date, be deemed to hold the dwelling in accordance with whichever of the following subparagraphs is applicable—
(i) in case evidence is forthcoming that the dwelling was, immediately before the creation of the statutory tenancy therein, held by the contractual tenant thereof under a tenancy from year to year or for a term of years or other certain period (not being less than one year), or depending on the fall of a life or any other uncertain event, the assignee shall be deemed to hold the dwelling from the landlord under a tenancy from year to year, terminable, on or after the expiration of the first year thereof, by either party by two months' notice expiring on a gale day and, subject thereto, on the same terms and conditions as the assignor;
(ii) in case evidence is forthcoming that the dwelling was so held under a contract of tenancy to which subparagraph (i) of this paragraph does not relate, the assignee shall be deemed to hold the dwelling from the landlord under a contract of tenancy of like duration as the contract of tenancy under which they were so held, and, subject thereto, on the same terms and conditions as the assignor;
(iii) in any other case, the assignee shall be entitled to retain possession of the dwelling on the same terms and conditions as the assignor;
(b) if the dwelling is a dwelling to which paragraph (a) of this subsection does not relate, the assignee shall be entitled to retain possession of the dwelling on the same terms and conditions as the assignor.
Powers of Court in ejectment proceedings.
33.—(1) Where an order for the recovery of possession of a controlled dwelling is made by the Court, or was so made before the operative date, the Court may, at the time of the order or at any time before the execution thereof, stay execution on the order or postpone the date of possession for such period or periods, and subject to such conditions as the Court thinks fit, and if such conditions are complied with the Court may, if it thinks fit, discharge or vary the order.
(2) Where the Court, under subsection (1) of this section, stays execution on an order for the recovery of possession of a controlled dwelling or postpones the date of possession, the Court may from time to time, on application, which may in case of urgency be made ex parte, further stay execution on the order or further postpone the date of possession.
Amendments of section 15 of Summary Jurisdiction (Ireland) Act, 1851.
34.—(1) Notwithstanding anything in section 15 of the Summary Jurisdiction (Ireland) Act, 1851, every warrant for delivery of possession of, or to enter and give possession of, a controlled dwelling shall remain in force for six months from the day next after the last day named in the order for delivery of possession or, in the case of a warrant under the Summary Jurisdiction (Ireland) Act, 1851, from the date of the issue of the warrant, and in either case for such further period or periods, if any, as the Court shall from time to time, whether before or after the expiration of such six months direct.
(2) Section 15 of the Summary Jurisdiction (Ireland) Act, 1851, shall apply to every controlled dwelling the rateable valuation whereof does not exceed ten pounds, notwithstanding that the rent exceeds one pound by the month.
Acceptance of rent by landlord after expiration of notice to quit.
35.—Where the landlord of a controlled dwelling serves a notice to quit on the tenant of the dwelling, the acceptance of any sum purporting to be rent by the landlord for the period mentioned in whichever of the following paragraphs is applicable shall not prejudice his right (if any) to recover possession of the dwelling, that is to say:
(a) if he institutes proceedings for the recovery of possession of the dwelling within three months of the expiration of the notice to quit, the period beginning on the expiration of the notice to quit and ending on the date on which the proceedings are finally determined,
(b) in any other case, the period of three months beginning on the expiration of the notice to quit,
and if an order for possession of the dwelling is made, any such sum so accepted shall be treated as mesne profits.
Order for possession obtained by misrepresentation.
36.—Where it appears to the Court that an order for possession of a controlled dwelling was obtained by the landlord by misrepresentation or concealment of material facts, the Court may order the landlord to pay to the former tenant such sum as the Court thinks proper by way of compensation for damage or loss sustained by the tenant as the result of the order for possession.
Non-application of sections 29 and 30 to lettings for temporary convenience, etc.
37.—Sections 29 and 30 of this Act shall not apply—
(a) to a controlled dwelling let to a person during his continuance in any office, appointment or employment, or
(b) to a controlled dwelling let bona fide for the temporary convenience or to meet a temporary necessity of the landlord or the tenant.
Saving for rights of local authorities.
38.—Nothing in this Part shall prevent a local authority from obtaining possession of any controlled dwelling the possession of which is required by them for the purpose of exercising their powers under any enactment for the time being in force or under any scheme made under any such enactment.
PART V.
Miscellaneous.
Liability for repairs.
39.—For the purposes of paragraph (b) of subsection (2) of section 10 and sections 14, 15 and 40 of this Act, the landlord shall be deemed to be responsible for any repairs for which the tenant is not under any liability, whether expressed in the contract or implied under section 42 of the Landlord and Tenant Law Amendment Act (Ireland), 1860.
Payment to tenant in case of disrepair of controlled dwelling owing to default of landlord.
40.—(1) Subject to the subsequent provisions of this section, where owing to the default of the landlord a controlled dwelling is not in good and tenantable repair, the Court may order the landlord to pay to the tenant such sum as, in the opinion of the Court, will be required to put the dwelling into good and tenantable repair.
(2) The Court may refuse to make an order under this section if the landlord satisfies the Court that, having regard to the age, condition, character and situation of the relevant controlled dwelling,—
(a) the cost of putting it into good and tenantable repair would involve an expenditure which would be excessive having regard to the value of the dwelling or the rent which a tenant might reasonably be expected to pay, or
(b) the dwelling could be put into good and tenantable repair only by being rebuilt or reconstructed or structurally altered to a substantial extent.
(3) If, at the time of the application for or the making of any order under this section, the landlord undertakes to put the relevant controlled dwelling into good and tenantable repair, the Court may adjourn the application, or stay or suspend execution on the order, and if the undertaking is fulfilled the Court may discharge the order.
(4) A sum awarded to a tenant by an order under this section shall be expended on suitable repairs to the controlled dwelling to which the order relates, and the order may be made subject to such conditions as the Court thinks fit to impose for the purpose of ensuring that the said sum is so expended.
(5) The right of the tenant to obtain relief under this section shall not prejudice his right to seek relief in any other form of proceedings.
Apportionment of rateable valuation by Commissioner of Valuation.
41.—(1) Where a dwelling is not separately valued under the Valuation Acts, the Commissioner of Valuation and Boundary Surveyor may, on the application of the landlord or tenant of the dwelling, apportion to the dwelling such part as he thinks proper of the rateable valuation of the property in which the dwelling is comprised, and the part so apportioned to the said dwelling shall be taken to be the rateable valuation of the dwelling for the purposes of this Act, but not further or otherwise.
(2) The Minister for Finance, after consultation with the Minister, may make regulations fixing a scale of the fees to be paid to the Commissioner of Valuation and Boundary Surveyor for apportionments under subsection (1) of this section.
(3) The following provisions shall have effect in relation to all fees payable under this section:
(a) such fees shall be collected and taken in such manner as the Minister for Finance shall from time to time direct and shall be paid into or disposed of for the benefit of the Exchequer in accordance with the directions of the said Minister;
(b) the Public Offices Fees Act, 1879, shall not apply in respect of such fees.
Restrictions on premiums.
42.—(1) A person shall not, as a condition of the grant, renewal, or continuance of a tenancy or subtenancy of any controlled dwelling, require the payment of any fine, premium, or other like sum, or the giving of any valuable consideration, in addition to the rent, and, where any such payment or consideration is made or given in respect of any such dwelling, the amount or value thereof may be recovered within, but not later than, six years after the date on which it was made or given.
(2) If any person who recovers any sum made recoverable by this section has assigned or otherwise disposed of his interest in the tenancy for valuable consideration, the sum recovered by him shall be held by him in trust for such person as shall seem to the Court to be equitably entitled thereto.
(3) A person requiring any payment or other consideration in contravention of this section shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on summary conviction thereof, be liable to a fine not exceeding one hundred pounds, and the Court by which he is convicted may order the amount paid or the value of the consideration to be repaid to the person by whom the payment or other consideration was made or given.
(4) (a) Any person making or offering to make any payment or giving or offering to give any consideration the requiring of which would be in contravention of this section, or advertising or publishing any such offer, shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on summary conviction thereof, be liable to a fine not exceeding twenty pounds.
(b) No proceedings under this subsection shall be taken against any person who has instituted proceedings under subsection (1) of this section, or who has supplied any information for the purpose of the institution of any proceedings under subsection (3) of this section.
(5) Any grant, renewal, or continuance of a tenancy as a condition of which any payment or consideration has been made or given in contravention of this section shall, without prejudice to the operation of this section, be voidable at the option of either party thereto, without prejudice to the right of the tenant, if he has entered into possession of the dwelling comprised therein, to retain possession thereof by virtue of the provisions of this Act after any such option has been exercised.
(6) This section shall not apply to the grant, renewal or continuance for a term of fourteen years or upwards of any tenancy.
Restriction on levy of distress for rent.
43.—(1) No distress for the rent of a controlled dwelling shall be levied except by order of the Court.
(2) Where the Court makes an order under subsection (1) of this section, the Court may attach to the execution of the order such conditions as the Court thinks fit.
Method of recovery of sums due by landlords to tenants.
44.—Any sum which under this Act is recoverable by a tenant from a landlord or payable or repayable by a landlord to a tenant may, without prejudice to any other method of recovery, be deducted by the tenant from any rent payable by him to the landlord.
Restriction of certain orders.
45.—(1) An order to which this section applies shall be binding only as between the parties consenting thereto and, save as between those parties, shall be disregarded by the Court in determining or adjusting a basic rent.
(2) This section applies to an order made by any court on consent—
(a) which was made for the purposes of this Act, with respect to the determination or apportionment of the basic rent, or the apportionment of a rateable valuation, of a controlled dwelling, or
(b) which was made before the commencement of this Act, for the purposes of any of the former enactments relating to restriction of rent, with respect to the determination of a rent corresponding to a basic rent, or the apportionment of a rateable valuation, of a house or part of a house.
Recovery of deposit made as security for payment of rent.
46.—(1) Where—
(a) the tenancy of a controlled dwelling (being a tenancy which commenced after the commencement of this Act) having terminated, possession of the dwelling is surrendered, and
(b) a deposit made as security for payment of the rent stands not repaid, and
(c) the person to whom the rent was last paid is not the person with whom the deposit was made,
the deposit shall be deemed, for the purposes of the recovery thereof, to have been made with the person to whom the rent was last paid.
(2) Where—
(a) during the tenancy of a controlled dwelling (being a tenancy which commenced after the commencement of this Act) a deposit made as security for payment of the rent stands made, and
(b) the deposit is not an approved deposit,
the deposit shall be recoverable on demand and, for that purpose, shall be deemed, in a case in which the person to whom the rent was last paid is not the person with whom the deposit was made, to have been made with the person to whom the rent was last paid.
(3) In subsection (2) of this section “approved deposit” means a deposit satisfying the following requirements:
(a) that it does not exceed in amount a sum equivalent to three months' rent, and
(b) that its amount, in case the agreement for the tenancy was made in writing, was set out in or endorsed on that agreement and, in any other case, was set out at the time it was made in the rent book.
(4) There shall be implied in every contract made after the commencement of this Act for the sale of any interest in a controlled dwelling a provision (if not already expressly included) binding the vendor to give (by way of statutory declaration if so required) to the purchaser any information in the vendor's possession or procurement regarding any deposit made after such commencement by a tenant of the dwelling as security for payment of the rent.
Provisions in relation to certain sublettings.
47.—(1) Where the tenant of a controlled dwelling (being a tenant under a contract of tenancy for a term not exceeding twenty-one years) sublets part of the dwelling solely for the purposes of any business, trade or profession, the landlord of the tenant may at any time while the subtenancy subsists, by not less than three months' notice expiring on any gale day served on the tenant, determine the tenancy of the tenant and thereupon—
(a) the subtenant shall become immediate tenant, of the part sublet to him, to such landlord on the same terms and conditions as those on which he previously held from the tenant, and
(b) the tenant shall become immediate tenant, of the remainder of the dwelling, to such landlord at so much of his former rent as is, on apportionment (to be made, in default of agreement, by the Court) attributable to such remainder and, subject thereto, on the same terms and conditions as he previously held the dwelling from such landlord.
(2) Where the tenant of a controlled dwelling (being a tenant under a contract of tenancy for a term not exceeding twenty-one years) retains and uses solely for the purposes of any business, trade or profession part of the dwelling and sublets the remainder so that it becomes a controlled dwelling, the landlord of the tenant may at any time while the subtenancy subsists, by not less than three months' notice expiring on any gale day served on the tenant, determine the tenancy of the tenant and thereupon—
(a) the subtenant shall become immediate tenant, of the part sublet to him, to such landlord on the same terms and conditions, but subject to this Act, as those on which he previously held from the tenant, and
(b) for the purposes of the Landlord and Tenant Act, 1931, the tenant shall be deemed always to have held a tenancy in that part only of the dwelling which he retained and used solely for the purposes of any business, trade or profession and the references to a notice to quit in sections 19 and 24 of that Act shall be construed as references to the notice under this subsection.
Regulations.
48.—(1) The Minister may make regulations providing for any or all of the following matters:
(a) the supply of rent books in a form prescribed in the regulations by landlords of controlled premises or any class of controlled dwellings to the tenants of such dwellings;
(b) the custody of such rent books;
(c) the entry of specified particulars in such rent books;
(d) any other matters relating to the user of such rent books which the Minister may think proper to provide for;
(e) any matter or thing referred to in this Act as prescribed;
(f) the compilation of registers of rents of controlled dwellings, or any classes of such dwellings, in such form and containing such particulars as may be prescribed in the regulations, the inspection thereof by members of the public and such other matters relating thereto as the Minister may think proper to provide for;
(g) the provision by landlords of identifying numbers for parts (being controlled dwellings) of any houses or classes of houses.
(2) Every person who fails to comply with any regulation made under subsection (1) (other than paragraph (e)) of this section and for the time being in force shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on summary conviction thereof, be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds.
(3) (a) On an application by a landlord of a controlled dwelling, the Court may by order exempt the landlord from compliance with regulations relating to rent books made under subsection (1) of this section.
(b) An order shall not be made under this subsection unless the Court is satisfied—
(i) that the applicant has made satisfactory alternative arrangements for keeping records of payments of rent made by his tenants and for furnishing a proper receipt for each such payment, and
(ii) that, having regard to those arrangements and to all the circumstances of the case, it would be unreasonable to require the applicant to comply with the regulations.
(c) The Court may attach to an order made under this subsection such conditions as the Court thinks fit to impose, including, in particular, a condition that the applicant shall furnish each tenant of a controlled dwelling, of which he may from time to time be landlord, with such particulars, relating to the rent payable by the tenant and the rights and obligations of landlords and tenants under this Act, as are required by the regulations to be specified in rent books.
(d) A person who fails to comply with any condition attached to an order made under this subsection in relation to him shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on summary conviction thereof, be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds.
(4) Every regulation made by the Minister under subsection (1) of this section shall be laid before each House of the Oireachtas as soon as may be after it is made, and if a resolution is passed by either House of the Oireachtas within the next subsequent twenty-one days on which that House has sat after the regulation is laid before it annulling the regulation, the regulation shall be annulled accordingly, but without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under the regulation.
Powers of the Court generally.
49.—(1) Where, for the purpose of determining the rateable valuation of a dwelling which is alleged to be a controlled dwelling, it is necessary to apportion the rateable valuation of the property in which the dwelling is comprised (such apportionment not having already been made under section 41 of this Act), the Court may, on the application of either party, make such apportionment as it thinks proper.
(2) Where a dwelling is let or was let at the date in relation to which the basic rent is to be fixed, at a rent which includes or included payment for board, attendance or the use of furniture, or for the supply to the dwelling of heat, hot water, fuel, electricity or any other commodity or for the rendering of any service in connection with the dwelling, the Court may for any of the purposes of this Act make such apportionment as it thinks proper.
(3) On the hearing of an action for the recovery of possession of a controlled dwelling or for the recovery of any rent claimed to be due by a landlord or any sum claimed to be recoverable by a tenant in respect of a controlled dwelling, the Court may on the application of either party at such hearing determine any matter arising under this Act which can in the opinion of the Court be conveniently determined on such hearing.
(4) The Court shall, if satisfied that any error or omission in a notice served under section 13 of this Act is due to a bona fide mistake on the part of the party serving it, have power to amend the notice by correcting any errors and supplying any omissions therein, whether or not such errors or omissions, if not corrected or supplied, would render the notice invalid, on such terms and conditions as appear to the Court to be proper and, if the Court so directs, the notice as so amended shall have effect and be deemed to have had effect as a valid notice under the said section 13.
(5) In addition to the powers specifically conferred on the Court by this Act, the Court may deal with any matter arising under this Act whether a dispute has or has not arisen in relation to that matter.
Exercise of jurisdiction of Court.
50.—The jurisdiction and powers conferred on the Court by this Act may be exercised—
(a) by the Circuit Court, or
(b) where—
(i) the rateable valuation of the relevant dwelling does not exceed £10, or
(ii) an order for recovery of possession of the relevant dwelling is sought, the rent of the dwelling being a rent which does not exceed such sum as amounts or might amount to £53 per annum, or
(iii) the parties consent in writing to such exercise,
by the District Court.
Continuance of pending proceedings.
51.—(1) Where, immediately before the operative date, proceedings stood pending for the determination of the basic rent (within the meaning of the Act of 1946) of any dwelling, the proceedings shall continue and shall be treated as if they were proceedings under subsection (1) or subsection (2) (as may be appropriate) of section 8 of this Act.
(2) (a) Where, immediately before the operative date, an application which was made under section 28 of the Act of 1946 stood not dealt with under section 29 of that Act, the application shall be treated for the purposes of this Act as an application which was made under section 20 of this Act and, if the application was referred pursuant to subsection (2) of section 28 of the Act of 1946 to the appropriate District Justice, it shall be taken for the purposes of this Act as having been referred pursuant to subsection (2) of section 20 of this Act to that Justice.
(b) Where a provisional order which was made on a particular date under section 29 of the Act of 1946 stood in force immediately before the operative date, the order shall be treated for the purposes of this Act as a provisional order which was made on that date under subparagraph (ii) of paragraph (c) of subsection (1) of section 21 of this Act, subject to the modifications that, with respect to the order, the references to one month in subsection (1) of section 23 and paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of section 24 of this Act shall be construed as references to three months and that in the order—
(i) for the amount specified therein as the basic rent of the dwelling in question there shall be substituted an amount equal to the lawful rent so specified less any amount so specified in respect of rates, and
(ii) for the amount so specified in respect of lawful additions there shall be substituted an amount equal to any amount so specified in respect of rates,
and, if a copy of the order was served pursuant to subsection (1) of section 30 of the Act of 1946 on a particular date before the operative date, a copy thereof shall be taken for the purposes of this Act as having been served pursuant to subsection (1) of section 22 of this Act on that date.
(3) Where, immediately before the operative date, any proceedings, other than proceedings referred to in the foregoing subsections of this section, stood pending under the Act of 1946, the proceedings shall continue and shall be treated as if they were proceedings under the corresponding provisions of this Act.
Position of statutory tenants under Act of 1946
52.—To avoid doubts, it is hereby declared that any person who, immediately before the operative date, was a statutory tenant (within the meaning of the Act of 1946) of a dwelling shall, subject to this Act, be entitled to retain possession of the dwelling.
Rules as to procedure.
53.—(1) Until rules are made regulating the practice and procedure of the Circuit Court for the purposes of this Act, the rules regulating the practice and procedure of the Circuit Court for the purposes of the Act of 1946 shall apply for the purposes of this Act with the necessary modifications.
(2) Until rules are made regulating the practice and procedure of the District Court for the purposes of this Act, the rules made under section 19 of the Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest (Restrictions) Act, 1923, so far as they relate to the District Court, and the District Court Rules (No. 1), 1947, shall apply for the purposes of this Act with the necessary modifications.
Application of Landlord and Tenant Act, 1931, to certain premises.
54.—(1) This section applies to premises which, immediately before the operative date, were—
(a) controlled premises within the meaning of the Act of 1946 and business premises within that meaning, and
(b) premises the letting of which was not—
(i) a letting made and expressed to be made for the temporary convenience of the landlord or of the tenant and (if made after the 22nd day of December, 1931) stating the nature of such temporary convenience, or
(ii) a letting made for or dependent on the continuance of the tenant in any office, employment or appointment.
(2) The Landlord and Tenant Act, 1931, shall apply to all premises to which this section applies and for that purpose—
(i) “tenement” in that Act shall include all such premises,
(ii) “business” in that Act shall include all trades, professions and businesses, whether or not carried on for gain or reward, and also the public service,
(iii) subsection (1) of section 19 of that Act shall have effect as if the following word and paragraph were added thereto:
“or
(e) such tenement is premises referred to in subsection (1) of section 54 of the Rent Restrictions Act, 1960.”,
(iv) in any application of paragraph (a) of subsection (2) of section 24 of that Act to any such premises, the reference in that paragraph to one month shall be construed as a reference to six months,
(v) where any such premises were, immediately before the operative date, held under a statutory tenancy within the meaning of the Act of 1946, the tenant under that tenancy shall, on and after that date, be deemed to hold the premises from the landlord under a tenancy having the same terms and conditions as the statutory tenancy except that the landlord may, by not less than three months' notice expiring on any gale day served on the tenant, determine the tenancy,
(vi) any notice under the foregoing paragraph shall, for the purposes of paragraph (a) of subsection (2) of section 24 of that Act be deemed to be a notice to quit.
FIRST SCHEDULE.
Enactments Repealed.
Number and Year | Short title | Extent of Repeal |
No. 4 of 1946. | The whole Act. | |
No. 24 of 1949. | Rent Restrictions (Amendment) Act, 1949. | The whole Act. |
No. 28 of 1950. | Rent Restrictions (Continuance and Amendment) Act, 1950. | The whole Act. |
No. 20 of 1952. | Rent Restrictions (Continuance and Amendment) Act, 1952. | The whole Act. |
No. 34 of 1953. | Rent Restrictions (Continuance and Amendment) Act, 1953. | The whole Act. |
No. 2 of 1954. | Rent Restrictions (Amendment) Act, 1954. | The whole Act. |
No. 34 of 1954. | Rent Restrictions (Continuance and Amendment) Act, 1954. | The whole Act. |
No. 24 of 1955. | Rent Restrictions (Continuance and Amendment) Act, 1955. | The whole Act. |
No. 43 of 1956. | Rent Restrictions (Continuance and Amendment) Act, 1956. | The whole Act. |
No. 22 of 1957. | Rent Restrictions (Continuance and Amendment) Act, 1957. | The whole Act. |
No. 32 of 1958. | Rent Restrictions (Continuance and Amendment) Act, 1958. | The whole Act. |
No. 34 of 1959. | Rent Restrictions (Continuance and Amendment) Act, 1959. | The whole Act. |
SECOND SCHEDULE.
Scale for Calculation of certain Sums.
Amount in excess of two-thirds of basic rent expended in period of two years | Lawful addition |
Not more than £100 | A sum equal to 15% per annum of excess. |
More than £100 but not more than £200 | A sum equal to— |
15% per annum on the first £100 of excess, and | |
8% per annum on the remainder. | |
More than £200 | A sum equal to— |
15% per annum on the first £100 of excess, and | |
8% per annum on the second £100, and | |
6% per annum on the remainder. |